Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 107-108).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 107-108). Also available in print.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California at Berkeley, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 304-307).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California at Berkeley, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 304-307).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Technology, Sydney, Australia. / "July 2005." Title taken from PDF title screen (viewed September 4, 2007). Includes bibliographical references and appendices.

Stan N. Finkelstein, Eric A. von Hipple, and Jeffrey R. Scott. / "January 1980." / Bibliography: p. 14.

Os regulamentos de controle de emissões de exaustão de motores pequenos fora de estrada, recentemente introduzidos nos EUA e na Europa, exigem a realização de ensaios em motores, conhecidos como PLT – Production Line Testing. O presente trabalho apresenta uma sistemática para implantação deste programa de ensaios na linha de produção pelo fabricante. Neste trabalho foi identificada a oportunidade de utilizar métodos complementares para monitoramento e melhoria da qualidade, considerando requisitos do usuário e regulamentos. A sistemática proposta foi aplicada em uma empresa fabricante de motores durante a introdução de uma linha de produção e possibilitou a implantação do PLT com sucesso. O monitoramento da qualidade permitiu a identificação de informações adicionais, como tendências de afastamento do ajuste, que passariam despercebidas pelos métodos exigidos pelos regulamentos, e assim ajudou a prevenir a produção de unidades não-conformes. Finalmente, foi realizada uma otimização baseada em dados de testes compulsórios, que resultou em melhoria da qualidade sem custos adicionais. / Regulations for engine exhaust emissions control, recently introduced in the USA and Europe, demand engine testing, known as PLT – Production Line Testing. The present work suggests a systematic approach for implementation of such a manufacturer production line testing. The opportunity of integrating complementary methods for quality monitoring and improvement, considering both, regulations and user requirements, was identified. The proposed approach was applied for an engine manufacturer during introduction of a production line, allowing a successful implementation of PLT. The complementary quality monitoring allowed the identification of additional information, such as adjustment offset trends, that would have been unnoticed by only applying the methods as demanded by the regulations, and thus helped to prevent production of non-conforming products. An optimization based on data from compulsory tests was performed, resulting in quality improvements at no additional costs.

A economia compartilhada é um sistema econômico baseado no compartilhamento de bens subutilizados, de forma gratuita ou por uma taxa. Com os adventos da internet, smartphones e Gps surgiram as plataformas digitais que se baseiam nesse conceito, em que se faz emergir a necessidade da compreensão de sua relação com mercados two-side. Tal expansão atingiu diversos setores da economia, e, ainda, criou nova demanda, como a plataforma Uber, o que, no entanto, gerou distúrbios no setor de táxis, tradicionalmente regulamentado e com ineficiências mundialmente reconhecidas. Dessa forma, o objetivo dessa dissertação é entender o que são as plataformas digitais e analisar o caso especifico da empresa Uber, apresentando quais os principais fatores que permitiram que esse tipo de empresa surgisse; onde estamos, definindo o que é efetivamente a Uber e os serviços por ela prestado, abordando quais os ganhos de bem-estar proporcionados (excedente do consumidor) e problemas de regulamentação enfrentados; e para onde iremos, prospectando um caminho para a economia compartilhada a respeito das plataformas digitais em mercados two-side. / Shared economy is an economic system based on the share of underutilized goods free of charge or for a fee. With the advent of the internet, the digital platforms based on this concept have been developed, emerging the need of understanding its relationship with two-side markets. This expansion has reached various sectors of the economy, as well as created new demand, such as the Uber platform, which ,however, has generated disturbances in the taxi sector, traditionally regulated with its worldwide recognised inefficiencies. Thus, the goal of this dissertation is to understand what the digital platforms are and to analyse the specific case of Uber company, showing the main factors which allowed this type of business to arise; where we are, defining what Uber effectively is and the services provided by it, addressing the welfare gains provided (consumer surplus) and regulatory problems faced; and where we go, prospecting a path for the shared economy regarding the digital platforms in two-side markets.

Cette recherche se propose d’analyser, à partir du cas des ouvriers de l’assistance aéroportuaire en piste en Île-de-France, le processus de modernisation du travail qui transforme les régulations du travail et de l’emploi dans deux directions apparemment opposées: 1/ un mouvement de dérégulation, initié par les politiques de libéralisation du transport aérien, provoque la fragmentation des structures économiques par l’externalisation des activités d’assistance au sol et la déstabilisation des groupes professionnels. Au niveau des sociétés d’assistance en piste, la diffusion de l’emploi précaire et la gestion concurrentielle du personnel segmente le groupe ouvrier et en déstabilise les régulations informelles. 2/ un retour des régulations, en premier lieu de contrôle suivant des orientations sécuritaire dans une logique de prévention des risques et de discipline des salariés et industrielle selon un principe de flux tendu et une démarche qualité. Au niveau informel, se développent arrangements et loyautés entre personnels d’exécution et d’encadrement, en réponse à l’intensification du travail et à la précarisation de l’emploi. De nouvelles formes de solidarité entre ouvriers, de nature ethnique, générationnelle ou statutaire tendent à se substituer à la solidarité de métier défaillante. Nous défendrons alors la thèse suivante : dans le cadre du secteur libéralisé et sous-traité de l’assistance en piste, les sociétés soumettent leurs salariés à un régime concurrentiel traduisant des logiques de marché, en rupture avec la régulation précédente. Afin d’éviter les effets contre-productifs de cette gestion du personnel et de garantir aux compagnies clientes une certaine « qualité de services », le management redéfinit une régulation de contrôle du travail plus contraignante fondée sur la responsabilité individuelle. Dans ce contexte, les ouvriers de piste parviennent à tenir au travail par le biais de défenses, de solidarités ethniques et d’arrangements informels avec l’encadrement, mais au prix de souffrances individuelles et de la fragmentation du collectif de travail et de la régulation autonome dont il est le support. / This research aims at analyzing, based on the case of the ramp handling workers on Paris airports, the process of work rationalization which transforms work and employment regulations in two, apparently opposed, directions:1/ a deregulating motion, initiated by air transport liberalization policies, fragments the market structures through outsourcing ground handling services and destabilizes professional groups. The progress of insecure employment and competitive workforce management within ramp handling firms divides the work group and undermine its informal regulations. 2/ a regulatory fallout, first defined by the increase of the managerial control on work on security issues, to ensure risk prevention and workers discipline, and on industrial issues, to implement just in time production and quality management. Informal agreements and loyalties are formed between workers and supervisors to compensate work intensification and job insecurity. New models of solidarities at work of ethnic, generational and positional natures emerged in the context of the decline of the traditional professional culture. We will then defend the following argument: in the liberalized and outsourced sector of ground handling services, the management of the workforce evolved towards a higher degree of competition between employees reflecting the market pressure. So as to prevent the counter-productive effects of this human resources model and to ensure good service quality to the airline companies, managers redefine a more constraining set of work rules based on individual responsibility. Within this context, ramp agents manage to hold on at work by means of psychological defenses, ethnic bonding and informal loyalties with the supervisory staff, but at the price of individual sufferings and the fragmentation of the work group and its regulations.