The present study evaluated the possibility of correlation between the results of the Language Processing Test (LPT3) and the Promoting the Emergence of Advanced Knowledge Relational Training System – Equivalence Module (PEAK-E). Thirteen participants with language disabilities were administered both assessments, and results indicated a significant linear correlation (r = 0.9268, p < 0.1) between the two measures. Implications for a greater understanding of human language and cognition are discussed.

<p>På senare tid har nya terapiformer med inslag av österländsk filosofi, dialektik och lingvistik trätt fram inom KBT-familjen. En av dessa terapier är Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, ACT som grundar sig på en behavioristisk teori om språk och kognitioner, Relational Frame Theory, RFT. ACT innefattar en filosofisk grund där man ser lidande som en ofrånkomlig del av livet och förespråkar att människan ändå kan handla i riktning mot sina värden bland annat genom att odla acceptans och medveten närvaro. ACT har dock ännu inte nått det stöd i forskning som krävs för att en terapi ska kallas evidensbaserad. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka varför terapeuter ändå valt att arbeta med denna terapiform. Tretton verksamma terapeuter intervjuades och efter en tematisk analys framträdde resultatet att den bakomliggande filosofin, inriktningen på värderat liv framför symptomreduktion, den erfarenhetsbaserade behandlingsmodellen, betoningen på klient-terapeutrelationen och uppfattningen om RFT som en logisk och hållbar grund, var terapeuternas främsta motiv för sitt val. Begreppen evidens och diagnostik diskuteras i förhållande till tillämpad beteendeanalys.</p>

På senare tid har nya terapiformer med inslag av österländsk filosofi, dialektik och lingvistik trätt fram inom KBT-familjen. En av dessa terapier är Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, ACT som grundar sig på en behavioristisk teori om språk och kognitioner, Relational Frame Theory, RFT. ACT innefattar en filosofisk grund där man ser lidande som en ofrånkomlig del av livet och förespråkar att människan ändå kan handla i riktning mot sina värden bland annat genom att odla acceptans och medveten närvaro. ACT har dock ännu inte nått det stöd i forskning som krävs för att en terapi ska kallas evidensbaserad. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka varför terapeuter ändå valt att arbeta med denna terapiform. Tretton verksamma terapeuter intervjuades och efter en tematisk analys framträdde resultatet att den bakomliggande filosofin, inriktningen på värderat liv framför symptomreduktion, den erfarenhetsbaserade behandlingsmodellen, betoningen på klient-terapeutrelationen och uppfattningen om RFT som en logisk och hållbar grund, var terapeuternas främsta motiv för sitt val. Begreppen evidens och diagnostik diskuteras i förhållande till tillämpad beteendeanalys.

The current study evaluated the methods outlined in the Promoting the Emergence of Advanced Knowledge Relational Training System Transformation Module (PEAK-T). Researches evaluated the validity and efficacy of the PEAK-T assessment at identifying skill deficits as well as its ability to identify appropriate intervention to target those deficits. Additionally, the current study evaluated the efficacy and validity of the methods as outline by the PEAK-T curriculum at teaching target skills. The PEAK-T assessment was conducted to identify three programs for each of the participants. Baseline probes of three boys with autism suggested that programs identified by the PEAK-T assessment were not in their repertories prior to treatment. Following treatment each of the participants was able to achieve mastery of all three programs this included directly trained as well as derived relations. The PEAK-T assessment was run following the intervention, all participants exhibited an increase in total PEAK-T score.

Those in human services, including social workers, hospital staff, and staff working with individuals with disabilities, experience high levels of stress and burnout. Those working in special education with individuals who display maladaptive behaviors can be particularly susceptible to this. This can lead to negative effects on physical and mental health. Stress and burnout can also lead to staff being less likely to perform aspects of their jobs optimally. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) posits that much burnout both results from and results in focusing on past or future events. Mindfulness training, in addition to ACT, can teach individuals to focus on the present moment. This study investigated the effects of mindfulness practice on (self-report inventory measures) of mindfulness (MAAS), psychological flexibility (AAQ-II) and WAAQ), and burnout (MBI), as well as on staff performance measures of number of staff initiated interactions with students and accuracy of data collection. for three individuals working at a school for children who display maladaptive behaviors. Post-treatment, all three of the participants improved in MAAS scores. Two improved in AAQ-II scores, and two also improved in WAAQ scores. MBI scores improved for two participants, mostly in the subsection of ‘burnout’. Two participants initiated more interactions with students post-treatment, and data collection accuracy improved post-treatment for two participants. All three participants improved post-treatment in at least three of the target areas. Implications and possibilities for future research are discussed.

Within the present study, a multiple probe design across participants was used to analyze the effect of simple and single reversal deictic relational frame training on the rate correct responding to deictic relational frames in individuals with developmental disabilities. Results showed an increase in correct responding to simple and single reversal deictic relational frames after the implementation of the intervention. Furthermore, results showed that mastery level of responding was maintained in both simple and single reversal deictic frames after once training concluded. This research contributes to body of research concerning the training of deictic frames within individuals with developmental disabilities and research concerning the use of training deictic frames using pieces of the PEAK T Curriculum. The strengths, limitations, and methods to account for these issues within future research are discussed.

What makes a person disabled is a much-debated topic with some focusing on the individuals impairments (putting the onus of disability on the individual) while others focus on how the environment (both architectural and social) exacerbates an individual’s impairments and creates the conceptualization of disability (putting the onus of disability on society). No matter how a person with a disability (PWD) is categorized, they are met with healthcare, education, and work disparities that are perpetuated both unintentionally and intentionally. This paper examines the various ways disability and subsequently stigma arises from a variety of viewpoints both within and outside the tradition of behaviorism. Given an overview of behavioral research, much of which is line with non-behavioral conceptualizations track well on to, the author points to how Relational Frame Theory (RFT) and Contextual Behavioral Science (CBS) may offer potential applications for the reduction of stigma towards PWDs. Three studies were detailed across relevant relational frames and their potential roles in the formation and defusion of stigma thereby extending the prior behavioral research on utility for potential, computer-based societal interventions.

Individuals with autism are largely taught using direct contingency learning, limiting their already potentially limited relational repertoire. A multiple baseline design across skills with an embedded multiple probe design was implemented to demonstrate the efficacy of training procedures used to established nonarbitrary relations in the context of block design. The PEAK – Transformation module (PEAK-T) is a curriculum designed to develop the relational repertoire of individuals with and without developmental disabilities, from which procedures were adapted. Training phases were each preceded by test probes of each of the target relations. Transfers of stimulus function were tested by presenting a novel context in which the trained and derived relations were used in completion of a task. The entailment probes across each of the programs showed transfers of function across three relational stimulus classes. All three directly trained relations across three frames resulted in mastery level responding. The results support the efficacy of the PEAK-T curriculum such that complex relational responding can be taught to a child with intellectual disabilities.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:17:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Rodrigues Costa Boavista.pdf: 1392154 bytes, checksum: 07f3bfa1630aa7feecb15343ca51e287 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / Relational Frame Theory (RFT) was proposed by Steven Hayes and Aaron Brownstein in 1985. Only in 2001 the first book whose content was exclusively dedicated to present RFT proposal and application fields was released. Inspired by research on stimulus equivalence and operant understanding of language RFT proponents argue that verbal behavior is closely related to a high order operant strengthened since early childhood via multiple exemplars training. This operant - arbitrarily applicable relational responding is defined by the properties of mutual implication, combinatorial implication, and transformation of stimuli function. RFT has received criticism directed to iits philosophical foundations, theoretical assumptions and regarding methodological research practices that guarantee its empirical support. This study aimed to review the empirical literature produced in the light of the RFT analyzing bibliometric aspects (year of publication, authors, affiliation of authors, journals, journals´ relevancy rates), methodological aspects (participants´ age, diagnosis and education, type and site of application, material and equipment used, relational frame employed, experimental task and measurement used) and trials to comprehend phenomena traditionally explore by other areas of knowledge/research lines/theories. 85 articles published between 1991 and May 2013 were reviewed. The Psychological Record led publications (42 articles). Studies majority employed participants from 18 years old onwards. Only 8% considered participants with psychiatric diagnosis. Just one publication was conducted in a group setting. Great part of the studies used computerized tasks. In terms of relational frames 68 studies investigated coordinated relations. 53 publications employed simultaneous matching-to-sample procedure. Between 1991 and 2001 there were nine studies that combined at least two measures but between 2006 and May 2013 there were 35. We found articles in which phenomena traditionally explored by areas such as philosophy, heuristic, clinics, theory of mind, neuroscience, among others, were discussed. Results show that RFT researchers produced empirical data through a variety of methodological conditions. However, we didn´t find evidence on non-human subjects or studies which assessed results in terms of sociodemographic variables or number of training and testing trials / A Teoria das Molduras Relacionais (Relational Frame Theory RFT) foi proposta por Steven Hayes e Aaron Brownstein em 1985. Apenas em 2001 foi lançado o primeiro livro cujo conteúdo era exclusivamente dedicado a apresentar sua proposta e indicar campos para aplicação. Inspirados nas pesquisas em equivalência de estímulos e na compreensão operante da linguagem os proponentes da RFT argumentam que o comportamento verbal está relacionado a um operante de ordem superior fortalecido desde a infância via treino de múltiplos exemplares. Este operante responder relacional arbitrariamente aplicável define-se pelas propriedades de implicação mútua, implicação combinatória e transformação de função de estímulos. A RFT vem recebendo críticas de cunho filosófico, teórico e metodológico. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo revisar a literatura empírica produzida à luz da RFT analisando aspectos bibliométricos (ano de publicação, autores, filiação dos autores, periódico, índices de relevância dos periódicos), metodológicos (faixa etária, diagnóstico e escolaridade dos participantes, tipo e local de aplicação, material e equipamentos utilizados, moldura relacional empregada, tarefa experimental e medida utilizadas) e tentativas de compreender fenômenos tradicionalmente estudados por outras linhas de pesquisa/teorias/áreas do conhecimento. Foram revistos 85 artigos publicados entre 1991 e maio de 2013. Identificou-se que o The Psychological Record liderou o número de publicações (42 artigos). A maioria das pesquisas tinha como participantes indivíduos de 18 anos em diante. Apenas 8% publicações consideraram participantes com diagnóstico psiquiátrico. Apenas uma publicação foi conduzida em contexto de grupo. A maior parte dos estudos utilizou tarefas computadorizadas. No que tange às molduras relacionais 68 estudos investigaram relações de coordenação. 53 publicações empregaram procedimentos de matching-to-sample simultâneo. Entre 1991 e 2001 foram identificadas nove pesquisas que combinavam ao menos duas medidas, já entre 2006 e maio de 2013 havia 35. Foram observados estudos nos quais fenômenos tipicamente abordados pela filosofia, heurística, clínica comportamental, teoria da mente, neurociências, entre outras, foram discutidos. Os resultados mostram que os pesquisadores que trabalham sob a perspectiva da RFT produziram dados empíricos a partir de uma diversidade de configurações metodológicas. Contudo, não foram identificadas evidências empíricas com sujeitos não humanos, estudos que avaliassem os resultados obtidos em termos de variáveis sóciodemográficas e pesquisas em que fossem correlacionados resultados à número de tentativas de treino/teste

Introduction: The study of self-talk and its influence on sport performance is extensive. Lately, the study of pressure performance within a regulatory fit framework has gained momentum. However, little research has investigated the influence regulatory fit may have on performance and, more precisely, how the use of self-talk with such framework may have on performance under pressure. Objective: To examine whether female football players with self-talk training within a regulatory fit framework produce better performances in a passing football task when under perceived pressure compared to a control group. Methods: In a pre– post-test, independent group study design, 33 female football players (M = 19.52, SD = 2.82 years) completed a passing drill carried out in two separate conditions, that is under no pressure and under pressure. Participants also completed a series of psychological measures that are relevant in the study of the performance–pressure relationship (i.e., affect, anxiety, self-confidence, and mental effort). Results: Performance under pressure was protected from deterioration in the experimental group. The experimental group also showed lower levels of negative emotions and higher self-confidence. Conclusion: Findings suggests that self-talk within a regulatory fit framework improves footballing performance under pressure and could be considered as a self-talk strategy beneficial to performance under pressure. / Introduktion: Studerandet av self-talk och dess inverkan på sportprestationer är omfattande. På senare tid, har studerandet av prestation under press inom ett regulatory fit ramverk tagit fart. Dock har begränsat med forskning undersökt inverkan regulatory fit kan ha på prestation och mer exakt, hur användandet av self-talk med ett sådant ramverk kan ha på prestation under press. Syfte: Att undersöka om kvinnliga fotbollsspelare med self-talk träning inom ett regulatory fit ramverk producerar bättre prestationer i en passningsövning under upplevd press jämfört med en kontrollgrupp. Metod: I en för- och eftertest, oberoende gruppstudiedesign genomförde 33 kvinnliga fotbollsspelare (M = 19.52, SD = 2.82 år) en passningsövning under två separata förhållanden, det vill säga under ingen press och under press. Deltagarna genomförde också en rad psykologiska mätningar som är relevanta i studerandet av relationen prestation-press (d.v.s. affekt, ångest, självförtroende och mental ansträngning). Resultat: Prestation under press skyddades från försämring i experimentgruppen. Experimentgruppen visade också lägre nivåer av negativa känslor och högre självförtroende. Slutsats: Resultaten tyder på att self-talk inom ett regulatory fit ramverk förbättrar fotbollsprestation under press och kan betraktas som en self-talk strategi som är fördelaktig för prestation under press.