Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att skapa en inventering för på vilket sätt ritualer påverkar anställdas trivsel, uppskattning, gemenskap, motivation och missnöje på deras arbetsplats. Metod: Uppsatsen utgår från en deduktiv ansats där teorin samlades in innan insamling av empiri. Insamlingsmetoden för uppsatsen var intervjuer och det genomfördes 30 stycken utifrån ett bekvämlighetsurval i Kalmar län. Insamlat material analyserades noggrant för att se på vilket sätt ritualer påverkar anställda. Resultatet jämfördes med tidigare forskning för att se om tidigare teorier stämde överens eller skiljde sig från resultatet i vår undersökning. Slutsatser: Uppsatsens resultat visar att anställda påverkas av ritualer på arbetsplatsen. Det framgår också att det uppkommit skillnader från tidigare forskning jämfört med vår undersökning. Ritualer påverkar majoriteten av de anställda positivt, men det har även framgått att ritualer tenderar att leda till missnöje.

A favorite poet, a strange woman on the beach, pictures I love to look at. Back yard voyeurism, some thoughts on portraiture and why I couldn’t be a photographer. Strange rituals that make sense. Unexpected revelations. Two kinds of light. This essay presents part of the constellation of thoughts, images and ideas that have informed my most recent video installation, Saturday.

A Muslim should be encouraged to comprehend the benefit and value behind every aspect of Islamic practice and wisdom, and not just practice their religion because they were told to do so. The products proposed in this thesis aim to achieve this by inviting and encouraging a Muslim to practice The Five Pillars of Islam while comprehending their value through the use of modern means such as Arduino technology, 3D printing and visual computing programing. I am provoked by the fact that the circle of Gulf-region Muslims I’m surrounded by, and have been exposed to since childhood, belong to one of two stereotypes: those against or afraid of change who force adherence to religious chapter and verse, or those straying further and further away from our religion’s rituals and traditions. Can the practice of religion, and the values that it teaches us, be made more accessible and engaging by incorporating the very technology that is often accused of distracting us from its practice?

Kateřina Petružálková: The Ayahuasca Subculture in Prague Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Department of Cultural Studies, MA Thesis, 95 pages, 2013 The aim of the thesis is to describe the phenomenon of ayahuasca, the sacred amazonian psychotropic beverage. The structure of the thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part the thesis deals with the attributes of ayahuasca, shamanism in the Upper Amazon, globalization of ayahuasca and ayahuasca syncretic churches. It is also described a variety of ritualized usage of ayahuasca and the current position in the Czech Republic. The practical part consists of a qualitative research among the members of ayahuasca subculture in Prague and self reflection of ayahuasca experience. Keywords: ayahuasca, shamanism, Upper Amazon, ritual

Resumé This diplom work is devoted to the ritual purification of the Hebrew in mikva. Mikva is a Hebrew ritual bath which must fulfull certain religious regulations to be understood as properly religious. All the regulations and order regarding the functioning, construction and water, which is allowed to be used, are stated in Misna in the tractate Mikwa'ot. The basis for the ritual adequacy of mikva is water which should have inflow and outflow. Mikva serves to renew ritual cleanliness of a person who became ritually unclean. This ritual dates back to the times when Desater made a commandment to Sinaji. The first people who practiced the ritual were supposedly priests. Those were impurified after the contact with a dead body, carrion of an animal or a snake; after emission of semen or spermatorrhoea. During the times of the first Church the whole population including children cleaned themselves from different impurities. After the deconstruction of the Church the law regualting cleanliness and impurities changed. Today mikva is visited by women firstly before wedding, then after each menstruation period and after giving birth. Men are no longer obliged to practise the ritual after the deconstruction of the Church however even today orhodox Hebrew and chasids clean themselves before important Hebrew...

Rome was among the largest cities in Europe during the Republic era, with a population that was diverse in social status and ethnicity. To maintain public order and social control of such a large, continually growing and shifting population that encompassed mixed cultures and Roman citizens, the Roman elites had to use various methods to keep the peace and maintain social stability. As religion was so deeply ingrained into every aspect of Roman life, it is worth taking a deeper look into how those in charge used it to maintain peace and relative control in Rome and its territories. Chapter 1 offers a brief look at the history of Roman religion, its terms and definitions, and the idea of social control as it pertains to this thesis. Chapter 2 shows the motivations of the Roman elite classes in their use of religion to maintain public order and enforce social control of the mass population. Couched in the need to uphold the Pax Deorum or Peace of the Gods, religious piety and order was cultivated as a means to protect the Republic from harm. Chapter 3 explains how the Patrician and Plebeian classes directed the attention of the residents of Rome with a calendar that was filled with rituals, sacrifices, festivals, and market days. In keeping a busy religious schedule, the people of Rome maintained a constant and direct relationship with the gods. Chapter 4 discusses the importance of women in the roles of priestesses and officers in religious cult to sustain the religious health and welfare of the city of Rome and the smaller communities within the city they inhabited. Chapter 5 examines the use of execution as a religious means of enforcing public order and social control. The chapter explores different means of execution and how they were placed into the realm of religion as a means to rid the populace of impurity and cultivate the piety of the Republic. Chapter 6 brings all of these elements together to show that the people of the Roman Republic believed in their gods and believed that the religious rites and practices that they maintained were instrumental in keeping the Pax Deorum. It was this belief that the ruling Patrician and Plebeian classes regulated to make sure that public and social order were upheld and preserved.

Magíster en Educación mención informática educativa / La propuesta de esta investigación, es analizar las relaciones cara a cara entre los sujetos en situaciones específicas de interacción que se dan en el contexto educativo, considerando la presencia del computador en el aula. Para ello se ha utilizado la teoría micro-sociológica de Collins (2009) de rituales de interacción. Este estudio se contextualiza en el marco del método Montessori particularmente, en los estudiantes del Taller II Salón Scorpion, del colegio Highlands Montessori School de la comuna de Peñalolén. El diseño metodológico se basa en una mirada cualitativa, con énfasis en lo etnográfico interpretativo. Los instrumentos que permiten acceder a la información necesaria es la observación no participante bajo un registro grabado realizado por alrededor de dos meses, entrevistas semi-estructuradas de evocación a doce estudiantes y entrevistas semi-estructuradas a los guías del salón y profesora de programación. La técnica de análisis para abordar este trabajo y que nos permite responder a la interrogante planteada es el análisis del contenido del discurso tanto para estudiar las observaciones registradas como para las entrevistas realizadas. Los principales resultados que se desprenden del estudio son las interacciones sociales con foco en lo educativo, en lo recreativo, las emociones compartidas y el ambiente educativo Montessori como promotor de las relaciones interpersonales dentro del salón. En este contexto se evidencian rituales de interacción fluidos y mayormente espontáneos, donde el factor mediador computador no representa ser determinante en las interacciones sociales cara a cara dentro del marco de la pedagogía Montessori

Cette thèse enquête sur la dimension rituelle et cérémonielle d’une municipalité soumise à la domination vénitienne : la ville de Bergame. Le point de départ de l’analyse est le « Livre de Cérémoniels » de la ville, rédigé par les chanceliers à partir de la fin du XVIIème siècle. L’analyse est donc conduite selon trois directives. La première considère les aspects qui définissaient l’identité culturelle et rituelle de la ville de Bergame. Les objectifs sont de reconstruire son calendrier festif spécifique et de présenter certaines des récurrences rituelles parmi les plus importantes. La deuxième vise à identifier les usages et les fonctions de la ritualité dévotionnelle, publique et collective, durant le XVIIIème siècle, en illustrant les effets socio-politiques. Dans ce sens, des épisodes liés aux litiges entre l’institution ecclésiastique et l’institution civique, pour la gestion du « patrimoine immatériel » de la ville, sont retranscrits. Enfin, la troisième cherche à clarifier la relation politique et culturelle entre Bergame et Venise au travers du prisme de la dimension rituelle. Pour atteindre cet objectif, les cérémonies relatives aux Recteurs de Terre Ferme ont été considérées, telles que les entrées, les célébrations de la fin du mandat, les baptêmes de leurs fils et les élections des « protecteurs de la ville ». Des cas spécifiques d’altération de ces cérémonies ont aussi été analysés dans le but de d’identifier et de comprendre les formes de l’expression de positions opposantes et contestataires. / The present dissertation investigates the ritual and the ceremonial dimension of a municipality subjected to the Venetian domain: the city of Bergamo. The point of departure is the “Book of ceremonials” written by the chancellors starting from the end of the XVIIth century. The thesis has been led along three directives. The first one aims to pinpoint the elements defining the cultural and the ritual identity of the city of Bergamo, reconstructing the specific festive calendar and presenting some of the most important ritual events. The second one considers the uses and the functions of the public and collective devotional rituality during the XVIIIth century and tries to illustrate its socio-political effects. Thus, some episodes related to the competition for the administration of the “immaterial patrimony”, between the local ecclesiastical institution and the civic, are evoked. Finally, the third one seeks to clarify the political and the cultural relation between Bergamo and Venice as developed into the ritual dimension. For this purpose, the ceremonies related to the Rectors of the so-called Terraferma have been considered, such as their entrees into the city, the celebrations for the end of the mandate, the baptism of their sons and their election as “protectors of the city”. Some specific cases of alteration of these ceremonies have also been considered, in order to intercept and to understand the forms and the expressions of protesting positions. / La presente tesi indaga la dimensione rituale e cerimoniale di un soggetto municipale sottoposto al dominio veneziano: la città di Bergamo. Il punto di partenza dell’analisi è costituito dal « Libro de Cerimoniali » della città, redatto dai cancellieri bergamaschi a partire dalla fine del secolo XVII. L’analisi viene quindi condotta secondo tre direttive, tra di esse intrecciate. La prima considera gli aspetti definenti l’identità culturale e rituale della Città di Bergamo e ha come obiettivo quello di ricostruire il calendario civico festivo, nonché quello di illustrare alcune delle ricorrenze rituali cicliche più ricorrenti. La seconda, invece, mira ad individuare gli usi e le funzioni della ritualità devozionale - pubblica e collettiva - durante il secolo XVIII, chiarendone gli effetti sociali e politici. Sono quindi ricostruite alcune delle vicende concorrenziali insorte tra l’istituzione ecclesiastica e quella civile nella gestione del « patrimonio immateriale » cittadino. La terza, infine, intende chiarire la relazione politico-culturale dispiegatasi tra l’istituzione civica bergamasca e quella repubblicana entro la dimensione rituale. A tale scopo, sono state prese in considerazione alcune delle cerimonie principali che si costituirono attorno ai Rettori di Terraferma, quali le entrate e le uscite cerimoniali dalla città, le cerimonie di battesimo dei loro figli, le elezioni al « patronato », nonché analizzati dei casi studio in cui alcune di queste cerimonie furono turbate e alterate in funzione dell’espressione di istanze contrarie o contestatorie.

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The existence of the prehistoric cult buildings is a highly controversial subject in archeology. Perhaps the most interesting thing about the discussion is that it is not certain that these buildings existed. Most of the recent excavations have contributed to an increased interest in central places, cult centers and the discovered material associated with mansion-like settlements. Various exclusive discoveries link relevant interpretations and terms to kings and aristocracy. In some cultural contexts the larger magnate complexes during the Iron Age have had a significant importance. The buildings that are considered to have received a great ritual significance are special houses that have been interpreted as cult houses, but also the hall buildings had a significant role in the context of cult. In the interpretation of the Iron Age cult house, there are a number of aspects that should be taken into consideration, and not merely the material findings at the cult houses. The surrounding nature of the buildings is important, since the cult houses were built on settlements, where powerful chiefs of importance to the community lived and worked. Unlike the bronze ages cult houses, the iron age is more easily interpreted, due to several aspects. On the one hand, iron age cult houses are considerably more resourceful, on the other hand, pre-Christian scriptures have contributed to various aspects of the interpretation of the buildings. These interpretations can be questioned as they are not scientific.