This study explored how the recovery of victims of sexual abuse is shaped by services available. Using the philosophical underpinnings of critical theory within the framework of Honneth's recognition theory this study provides an understanding of participants' experiences and views of recovery from sexual abuse. The study was conducted with ten adult survivors of sexual abuse using semi-structured individual interviews and two focus groups with eight service providers. The analysis identified that the recovery from sexual abuse is the development of a positive sense of identity reflected by participants' self-confidence, self-respect, and self-esteem. In this study this is described as the process of identity formation. Services shaped recovery from sexual abuse by providing experiences of recognition and disrespect. Recognition was given in the form of emotional support and care, cognitive respect, and social esteem that led to an improvement of participants' functioning. Disrespect was perceived by participants as they struggled with the invisibility of sexual abuse, with inequality, and with the lack of understanding, through which their overall functioning deteriorated. Recovery emerged as a dynamic process that, most of all, required from services that they provide experiences of recognition and from survivors that they accurately perceive that recognition was given to them. For recovery to occur, participants needed to balance experiences of recognition and disrespect, a process in which they needed to surrender the longing for the entirely good and benign caregiver and accept that both 'good' and 'bad' qualities reside in each caregiver, agency, therapist, or generally the 'other'. This balancing resulted in the development of self-confidence, self-respect, and self-esteem. Recovery was experienced by participants when they were able to resist disrespect and either engaged in fighting for their rights or removing themselves from situations in which their rights could be violated. Only by having a practical experience of being able to protect their physical and psychological integrity did participants become aware that they had recovered from the legacies of sexual abuse and could proceed with their lives without professional assistance.

This study explored how the recovery of victims of sexual abuse is shaped by services available. Using the philosophical underpinnings of critical theory within the framework of Honneth's recognition theory this study provides an understanding of participants' experiences and views of recovery from sexual abuse. The study was conducted with ten adult survivors of sexual abuse using semi-structured individual interviews and two focus groups with eight service providers. The analysis identified that the recovery from sexual abuse is the development of a positive sense of identity reflected by participants' self-confidence, self-respect, and self-esteem. In this study this is described as the process of identity formation. Services shaped recovery from sexual abuse by providing experiences of recognition and disrespect. Recognition was given in the form of emotional support and care, cognitive respect, and social esteem that led to an improvement of participants' functioning. Disrespect was perceived by participants as they struggled with the invisibility of sexual abuse, with inequality, and with the lack of understanding, through which their overall functioning deteriorated. Recovery emerged as a dynamic process that, most of all, required from services that they provide experiences of recognition and from survivors that they accurately perceive that recognition was given to them. For recovery to occur, participants needed to balance experiences of recognition and disrespect, a process in which they needed to surrender the longing for the entirely good and benign caregiver and accept that both 'good' and 'bad' qualities reside in each caregiver, agency, therapist, or generally the 'other'. This balancing resulted in the development of self-confidence, self-respect, and self-esteem. Recovery was experienced by participants when they were able to resist disrespect and either engaged in fighting for their rights or removing themselves from situations in which their rights could be violated. Only by having a practical experience of being able to protect their physical and psychological integrity did participants become aware that they had recovered from the legacies of sexual abuse and could proceed with their lives without professional assistance.

Nesta tese analisam-se correntes da teoria política que fundamentam a condução das ações individuais na vida política e social na racionalidade. Nessa perspectiva, apresenta-se a disputa existente entre um conceito procedimental de justiça e um conceito de ética procedimental fundada na existência de uma comunidade cultural de valores. Discute-se a guinada teórica de Habermas que, ao passar do medium linguagem para o medium direito, traz um elemento novo a sua teoria, compreendendo que a judicialização nas sociedades pós-tradicionais forma um parâmetro dinâmico que orienta a ação individual em direção a laços solidários. Apresenta-se em seguida o debate liberalismo versus comunitarismo, apresentando os ganhos analíticos trazidos pelas reflexões hermenêuticas de Charles Taylor sobre a formação dos valores éticos que guiam a formação da modernidade. Mas de Taylor se distancia por tomá-lo como excessivamente culturalista em seu conceito antropológico sobre a natureza humana. Pela análise epistemológica da metodologia de estudo de caso normativo, investiga-se a interpretação de Jessé Souza sobre o processo de naturalização das desigualdades no Brasil. O objetivo é problematizar sua interpretação bourdieusiana das relações sociais por tomá-las demasiadamente presas a uma racionalidade instrumental. Como alternativa analítica, apresentam-se as contribuições de Axel Honneth e, como ele, sustenta-se que os fundamentos de interação e emancipação social se dão com relações de reconhecimento recíproco estruturadas sobre uma ética formal. / In this dissertation, I analyze political theory currents which claim that political and social individual actions rely on individuals rationality. From this perspective, I present the dispute between a proceduralist understanding of justice and a concept of proceduralist ethics which rests upon the existence of cultural community of values. Then, I discuss Habermas theoretical shift in his moving from taking language as a means of social interaction to taking law as such means, and show that the shift brings up a new aspect of his theory, since he understands that judicialization in post-traditional societies forms a dynamic parameter which orients individual actions towards solidary bonds. Next, I present the debate between liberalism and communitarianism, highlighting the analytical strengths of Charles Taylors hermeneutical thoughts on the formation of ethical values that guide the formation of modernity. I reject Taylors excessive culturalism when he builds his anthropological understanding of human nature. Through the epistemological analysis of the normative case study methodology I investigate Jessé Souzas interpretation on how inequalities have gone through a naturalization process in Brazil. My objective is to problematize his Bourdieuian interpretation of social relationships, considering that it remains too tied to an instrumental rationality. I claim that Axel Honneths work remains an analytical alternative to such Bourdieuian interpretation, and claim that the base for social interaction and emancipation rely on reciprocal recognition relations structured on formal ethics.

This thesis argues that current treatment in acute public mental health services is counterproductive for the wellbeing of those subject to such services. The consumer/survivor movement activism against the coercive nature of treatment is analysed according to new social movement theory. According to social theorists such as Alaine Touraine, new social movements are characterised by a struggle over identity. Consistent with this theme, what is identified in this thesis as central to the consumer/survivor movement objection to the nature of treatment in acute public mental health services, is the failure of services to respect patient identity as persons. What might account for this failure is analysed in this thesis through an examination of the question of the conceptualisation of the subject in the theory and concepts of psychiatry, in the practice of psychiatry, in mental health law and in government policy. / As a counterposition to the above perspectives, the work of RD Laing, Charles Taylor and Paul Ricoeur are considered in an attempt to develop a conceptualisation of the subject grounded in a historical narrative. Further, Emmanuel Levinas’ and Axel Honneth’s work is drawn on to identify the practical implications of Honneth’s claim for a politics of recognition, which also supports the consumer/survivor movement demand for recognition as subjects in mental health services.

This work intends to go deep into the discussion about the Recognition Theory and its possible contributions to the teachers formation in Special Education. Considered the intense debate which is set before the inclusive current practices, we may think over the comprehension and self-comprehension of the difference recognition in the formation of these professionals. As from the demands of inclusion, some issues guide this theoretical research: among the many discourses about difference, what do we effectively understand by the recognition of the difference? Does the formation of Special Education teachers reduce the difference in their practices or enlarge it in such a way that it is not recognized for its segregation or excessive fragmentation? In the search of some possible answers to reflections which impose themselves, the present research has as its main objective, grounded on Axel Honneth s theoretical view, to collaborate providing a new and revised hermeneutical self-comprehension of the formation in the Special Education area in order to potentialize the self-comprehension of teaching before the demands of the social recognition in others. Within a bibliographic study, we try to metaphorically relate the history of Special Education to Procrustes and Theseu s myth. Thereby, we historically notice that, upon launching pedagogical directions to people who have special educational needs, Special Education fosters situations which are similar to Procrustes . A proof of it lies in the observable redundancy in the current policy of Inclusive Education arising from the criticism assigned to these practices. If before, Special Education shortened the difference to have room in particular spaces, nowadays, Inclusive Education expands the difference to fulfill the blanks which were previously denied. In wide lines, we can list different deficits of recognition in the process of its historical happenings; therefore, while performing a hermeneutical reading of the historical texts and current policies of Special Education/Inclusive Education, we define a route between the extreme poles in the understanding of the difference. In this sense, the Recognition Theory cooperates with the hermeneutical self-comprehension in the teachers formation in Special Education in order to open new horizons to that practice understanding. / Este trabalho pretende aprofundar a discussão sobre a Teoria do Reconhecimento e suas possíveis contribuições para a formação de professores em Educação Especial. Visto o intenso debate que se coloca frente às atuais práticas inclusivas, refletimos sobre a compreensão e a autocompreensão do reconhecimento da diferença na formação desses profissionais. A partir das demandas da inclusão, algumas questões orientam esta pesquisa teórica: entre tantos discursos sobre a diferença, o que, efetivamente, entendemos por reconhecimento da diferença? A formação de professores de Educação Especial reduz a diferença em suas práticas ou a amplia de tal forma que não a reconhece pela sua segregação ou fragmentação excessiva? No propósito de encontrar algumas respostas possíveis às reflexões que se impõem, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo central colaborar, a partir da teoria de Axel Honneth, com uma nova e revisada autocompreensão hermenêutica da formação na área de Educação Especial, a fim de potencializar a autocompreensão docente frente às exigências do reconhecimento social do outro. Com um estudo de cunho bibliográfico, buscamos relacionar, metaforicamente, a história da Educação Especial com o mito de Procrusto e Teseu. Desse modo, percebemos, historicamente, que, ao lançar direcionamentos pedagógicos às pessoas com necessidades educacionais especiais, a Educação Especial cria leitos semelhantes ao de Procrusto. Prova disso está na redundância observável na atual política de Educação Inclusiva advinda da crítica atribuída a essas práticas. Se antes a Educação Especial encurtava a diferença para caber em espaços específicos, hoje, a Educação Inclusiva alarga a diferença para preencher os espaços que lhe foram negados anteriormente. Em largos traços, podemos elencar diferentes déficits de reconhecimento no processo do seu acontecer histórico; logo, ao realizarmos uma leitura hermenêutica dos textos históricos e das políticas atuais da Educação Especial/Educação Inclusiva, depreendemos um percurso entre pólos opostos do entendimento da diferença. Nesse sentido, a Teoria do Reconhecimento colabora com a autocompreensão hermenêutica na formação de professores em Educação Especial, no sentido de abrir novos horizontes à compreensão dessa prática.

Background: Social cognitive deficits are considered to be central to the interpersonal problems experienced by individuals with a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome, but existing research evidence regarding mentalising ability and emotion recognition ability is difficult to interpret and inconclusive. Higher levels of mental health problems are experienced in Asperger Syndrome than in the general population, including depression, general anxiety and anxiety-related disorders. Clinical accounts have described symptoms of psychosis in individuals with autism spectrum disorders, including Asperger syndrome, and a number of research studies have reported elevated levels of delusional beliefs in this population. Investigations of social cognition in psychosis have highlighted a number of impairments in abilities such as mentalising and emotion recognition, as well as data-gathering and attribution biases that may be related to delusional beliefs. Similarly, a number of factors, including theory of mind difficulties, self-consciousness and anxiety, have been associated with delusional beliefs in individuals with Asperger syndrome, but there is a lack of agreement in the existing research. A preliminary model of delusional beliefs in Asperger syndrome has previously been proposed, which needs to be tested further and potentially refined. The current study aimed to further investigate social cognitive mechanisms in individuals with Asperger syndrome and to explore potential links with the development of paranoia. Method: Participants with a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome were recruited through a number of voluntary organisations and completed screening measures, the Autism Spectrum Quotient and the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, to ensure their suitability for the study. Participants in the control group were recruited through the university and local community resources and were matched group-wise with the Asperger syndrome group for age, sex and IQ scores. The study compared the Asperger syndrome group (N=30) with the control group (N= 30) with regard to their performance on four experimental tasks and their responses on a number of self-report questionnaires that were delivered as an online survey. The experimental tasks included two theory of mind measures, one designed to assess mental state decoding ability (The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test) and one designed to assess mental state reasoning ability (the Hinting Task). The recognition of emotions was evaluated through the Facial Expression Recognition Task. The Beads Task was administered to assess data-gathering style and specifically to test for Jumping to Conclusions biases. The self-report questionnaires were employed to measure levels of depression, general anxiety, social anxiety, self-consciousness and paranoid thoughts. Results: The Asperger syndrome group performed less well than the control group on tasks measuring mental state decoding ability, mental state reasoning ability and the recognition of emotion in facial expressions. Additionally, those with Asperger syndrome tended to make decisions on the basis of less evidence and half of the group demonstrated a Jumping to Conclusions bias. Higher levels of depression, general anxiety, social anxiety and paranoid thoughts were reported in the AS group and levels of depression and general anxiety were found to be associated with levels of paranoid thoughts. Discussion: The results are considered in relation to previous research and revisions are proposed for the existing model of delusional beliefs in Asperger syndrome. A critical analysis of the current study is presented, implications for clinical practice are discussed and suggestions are made for future research.

Nesta tese analisam-se correntes da teoria política que fundamentam a condução das ações individuais na vida política e social na racionalidade. Nessa perspectiva, apresenta-se a disputa existente entre um conceito procedimental de justiça e um conceito de ética procedimental fundada na existência de uma comunidade cultural de valores. Discute-se a guinada teórica de Habermas que, ao passar do medium linguagem para o medium direito, traz um elemento novo a sua teoria, compreendendo que a judicialização nas sociedades pós-tradicionais forma um parâmetro dinâmico que orienta a ação individual em direção a laços solidários. Apresenta-se em seguida o debate liberalismo versus comunitarismo, apresentando os ganhos analíticos trazidos pelas reflexões hermenêuticas de Charles Taylor sobre a formação dos valores éticos que guiam a formação da modernidade. Mas de Taylor se distancia por tomá-lo como excessivamente culturalista em seu conceito antropológico sobre a natureza humana. Pela análise epistemológica da metodologia de estudo de caso normativo, investiga-se a interpretação de Jessé Souza sobre o processo de naturalização das desigualdades no Brasil. O objetivo é problematizar sua interpretação bourdieusiana das relações sociais por tomá-las demasiadamente presas a uma racionalidade instrumental. Como alternativa analítica, apresentam-se as contribuições de Axel Honneth e, como ele, sustenta-se que os fundamentos de interação e emancipação social se dão com relações de reconhecimento recíproco estruturadas sobre uma ética formal. / In this dissertation, I analyze political theory currents which claim that political and social individual actions rely on individuals rationality. From this perspective, I present the dispute between a proceduralist understanding of justice and a concept of proceduralist ethics which rests upon the existence of cultural community of values. Then, I discuss Habermas theoretical shift in his moving from taking language as a means of social interaction to taking law as such means, and show that the shift brings up a new aspect of his theory, since he understands that judicialization in post-traditional societies forms a dynamic parameter which orients individual actions towards solidary bonds. Next, I present the debate between liberalism and communitarianism, highlighting the analytical strengths of Charles Taylors hermeneutical thoughts on the formation of ethical values that guide the formation of modernity. I reject Taylors excessive culturalism when he builds his anthropological understanding of human nature. Through the epistemological analysis of the normative case study methodology I investigate Jessé Souzas interpretation on how inequalities have gone through a naturalization process in Brazil. My objective is to problematize his Bourdieuian interpretation of social relationships, considering that it remains too tied to an instrumental rationality. I claim that Axel Honneths work remains an analytical alternative to such Bourdieuian interpretation, and claim that the base for social interaction and emancipation rely on reciprocal recognition relations structured on formal ethics.

No description available.

Com a intenção de contribuir para os estudos na temática da liderança sob a perspectiva das relações que se estabelecem em organizações sociais, essa pesquisa trata de transformações psíquicas e sociais a partir da lógica do cotidiano e das histórias cruzadas de pessoas que lidam diariamente com as consequências das desigualdades sociais em suas vidas. Tendo como primeiro plano as histórias e perspectivas de cinco mulheres de dois empreendimentos solidários da cidade de São Paulo, o Ângela de Cara Limpa e a União Popular de Mulheres do Campo Limpo e Adjacências, o processo foi sendo elaborado ao longo das interações que se estabeleceram entre nós. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de entrevistas e observação participante e a perspectiva adotada na análise foi a das singularidades de cada história e de cada empreendimento. Essas histórias, ainda que únicas, permitem observar situações e sentimentos, bem como transformações e possibilidades de futuro, marcados por diversas contradições. As reflexões tratam de quatro principais tópicos de análise: identidade, Economia Solidária, reconhecimento e liderança. A identidade é observada como um processo permanente de formação e transformação, a partir de condições materiais e históricas dadas. Nessas condições, desigualdade social e desigualdade de gênero são marcadores presentes, influenciando constantemente nas percepções individuais, coletivas e nas tomadas de decisão em relação a suas vidas. A Economia Solidária surge como uma alternativa à falta de emprego, renda e qualidade de vida. Embora a busca primeira a essas organizações seja pela renda, é a solidariedade que se mostra mais presente nas histórias. A solidariedade também é um dos muitos aspectos que favorece a luta pelo reconhecimento no processo de busca de pertencimento na sociedade. A reinvindicação de direitos e sentir-se entre iguais, são alguns dos fatores que aparecem na luta por reconhecimento dessas mulheres. Por fim, as lideranças mostram-se não como a única fonte de inspiração e manutenção dessas iniciativas sociais, mas são fundamentais, deixando suas marcas e inspirações, e sendo marcadas e inspiradas por outros, num processo de construção constante. Mais do que buscar direções únicas, essa pesquisa traz possibilidades e perspectivas para a atuação com comunidades e mulheres. As conclusões e recomendações para o campo apontam a perspectiva das relações e do compromisso na busca pela redução das desigualdades sociais / Seeking to contribute to studies on the leadership theme from the perspective of the relationships established in social organizations, this research deals with psychic and social transformations based on the logic of daily life and the cross stories of people who deal everyday with the consequences of social inequalities in their lives. The interactions established among us made the process exclusive. The stories and perspectives are about five women from two solidarity economy enterprises in the city of São Paulo: Angela de Cara Limpa and União Popular de Mulheres do Campo Limpo e Adjacências. The research took place from interviews and participant observations. The analysis adopted the perspective of the singularities of each story and each organization. These stories, although unique, allow us to observe situations and feelings, as well as transformations and possibilities of the future, marked by several contradictions. The reflections deal with four main topics of analysis: identity, solidarity economy, recognition and leadership. Identity observed as a permanent process of formation and transformation, given material and historical conditions. Under these conditions, social inequality and gender inequality are present markers, constantly influencing individual, collective perceptions and life decision-makings. Solidarity economy emerges as an alternative to lack of employment, income or quality of life. Although the first search in these organizations is for income, solidarity is the main present aspect in the stories. Solidarity is also one of many aspects that favors the struggle for recognition in the process of seeking belonging in society. The claim of rights and feel equal, are some of the factors that appear in the struggle for recognition of these women. Finally, the leaderships are not the only source of inspiration and maintenance of these social initiatives. They are fundamental in leaving their marks and inspirations, and being marked and inspired by others, in a constant construction process. More than seeking unique directions, this research offers possibilities and perspectives of working with communities and women. The conclusions and recommendations point to the perspective of relationships and commitment in the search for the reduction of social inequalities

A presente dissertação trata da ação pública de assistência social no município de São Paulo. Desde a Constituição Federal de 1988 e, principalmente, após a criação do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS), a proteção social de assistência social passou a ser afirmada como um direito de cidadania. Nos últimos anos, diversas pesquisas têm abordado o universo do SUAS, mas raramente vemos uma discussão sobre o estatuto da categoria cidadania neste setor de política pública. Com base no referencial teórico da Psicologia Social Crítica e dos aportes da teoria do reconhecimento de Axel Honneth, a presente pesquisa trata dessa questão, a partir da investigação das ações cotidianas de dois serviços socioassistenciais, do nível da Proteção Social Básica do SUAS, localizados em um território considerado em situação de vulnerabilidade social o distrito do Jaguaré, em São Paulo. Os serviços escolhidos foram: um Centro de Referência da Assistência Social (CRAS) e um Centro para Crianças e Adolescentes (CCA). Buscou-se analisar as ações desses serviços, refletindo sobre seu potencial para efetivação da proteção social como direito de cidadania. O percurso metodológico inclui revisão de literatura e pesquisa de campo, sendo esta última composta por observações participantes no cotidiano do CRAS e do CCA, além de entrevistas com trabalhadoras/es e usuárias/os de ambos os serviços. Ao todo, foram entrevistadas três trabalhadoras do CRAS, três do CCA e três famílias, além de diversas conversas informais e da circulação pelo território que fazem parte do trabalho de campo. As sínteses dos principais achados podem ser divididas em dois eixos: 1) dos serviços socioassistenciais e 2) das famílias atendidas. Tem-se, no primeiro eixo, a) particularidades dos serviços da proteção social básica em São Paulo; b) dificuldades enfrentadas pelas equipes dos serviços; c) soluções práticas encontradas para os problemas cotidianos; d) diferentes concepções de cidadania; e e) relações entre atores estatais e não estatais na provisão dos serviços no município de São Paulo. No segundo eixo, das famílias, destacam- se aspectos de: a) vulnerabilidade social; b) lutas por reconhecimento; c) solidariedade; e d) relação entre as famílias usuárias e os serviços socioassistenciais. Por fim, pode-se considerar que cidadania e reconhecimento são fundamentais para a efetivação da proteção social, no sentido da preservação da vida e da dignidade humana. No entanto, em face aos desafios e obstáculos que impedem a realização efetiva desse horizonte emancipatório, faz-se necessário prosseguir em busca de novas e melhores maneiras de analisar criticamente as potencialidades da assistência social brasileira / This dissertation paper refers to the public social assistance at São Paulo city, Brazil. Since the enactment of the Federal Constitution, in1988, and also after the creation of the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS), the social protection net has being affirmed as a kind of \"citizenship right\". In recent years, several studies have addressed the SUAS particularities, but we rarely see a discussion on the status of the category \"citizenship\" in this public policy sector. Based on the theoretical framework of Critical Social Psychology and the contributions of the Axel Honneth theory of recognition, the present study addresses this question about citizenship in SUAS, researching everyday actions of two social assistance services, at Basic Social Protection level, located in a territory considered socially vulnerable: the Jaguaré district at São Paulo. The services chosen were: a Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS) and a Center for Children and Teenagers (CCA). Its sought to analyze the actions of these services, thinking on their potential for realization of the social protection as a citizenship right. The methodological approach includes literature review and field research, the latter composed of participative observation of CRAS and CCA everyday events. Semistructured interviews were also made with workers and users of both services: three workers from CRAS, three works from CCA and three users families; as well the informal conversations and the circulation of the author through the territory that characterize the field work. The main trends and results can be divided into two areas: 1) the social assistance services and 2) the families. On the first axis, we find: a) particularities of the São Paulos basic social protection services net; b) difficulties faced by the workers of those services; c) practical solutions found by the works to resolve everyday problems; d) different conceptions of citizenship amongst services workers; and e) relations between state and non-state actors in the provision of services at São Paulo. In the second axis are highlight some aspects of: a) social vulnerability; b) struggles for recognition; c) solidarity; and d) the relationship between user families and the social assistance services. Finally, it was considered that citizenship and recognition are essentials for the effectivity of social protection, the preservation of life and the human dignity. However, in the face of challenges and obstacles to the realization of this emancipatory task, it is necessary to continue looking for newer and better ways to critically analyze the potential of the Brazilian social assistance