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Background: In this world of rapidly developing technologies, it has become less of a challenge for individuals to start a career within music and promote their brand. The emergence of social media has revolutionized digital marketing and facilitated the distribution of music across different online platforms. Artists working independently in the music industry have been challenged to undertake a dual role of being both a creator of music, as well as a marketer. Purpose: This research covers an uninvestigated topic. The paper firstly explores the various possibilities for self-promotion for independent artists, provided by living in a technological world. The second aspect which is examined is how record labels can support artists in their careers through doing their promotion campaigns and establishing their brand identity. Method: This is an exploratory qualitative study, which was conducted deductively. Eight semi- structured interviews were held with independent artists working with music in Sweden, the findings from which were organized through a thematic analysis. The design of the research follows a case study approach. Conclusion: The empirical findings suggest that independent artists use a DIY (Do It Yourself) approach in their careers, specifically in the marketing of their music and their personal brand. Using features provided by social media channels, distribution companies and music streaming services, as well as having consistent personal branding were some of the ways in which independent artists digitally self-promote themselves. On the other side, labels support artists by having bigger budgets and doing more outspread digital promotion campaigns, which allows the artists to focus on the creation of music, rather than on marketing planning and decision-making. The study contributes to research within the field of music marketing. Furthermore, suggestions for future research are provided.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Periodontal disease (PD) affects 42% of US population resulting in compromised quality of life, the potential for tooth loss and influence on overall health. Despite significant understanding of PD etiology, limited longitudinal studies have investigated PD change in response to various treatments. A major barrier is the difficulty of conducting randomized controlled trials with adequate numbers of patients over a longer time. Electronic dental record (EDR) data offer the opportunity to study outcomes following various periodontal treatments. However, using EDR data for research has challenges including quality and missing data. In this dissertation, I studied a cohort of patients with PD from EDR to monitor their disease status over time. I studied retrospectively 28,908 patients who received comprehensive oral evaluation at the Indiana University School of Dentistry between January 1st-2009 and December 31st-2014. Using natural language processing and automated approaches, we 1) determined PD diagnoses from periodontal charting based on case definitions for surveillance studies, 2) extracted clinician-recorded diagnoses from clinical notes, 3) determined the number of patients with disease improvement or progression over time from EDR data. We found 100% completeness for age, sex; 72% for race; 80% for periodontal charting findings; and 47% for clinician-recorded diagnoses. The number of visits ranged from 1-14 with an average of two visits. From diagnoses obtained from findings, 37% of patients had gingivitis, 55% had moderate periodontitis, and 28% had severe periodontitis. In clinician-recorded diagnoses, 50% patients had gingivitis, 18% had mild, 14% had moderate, and 4% had severe periodontitis. The concordance between periodontal charting-generated and clinician-recorded diagnoses was 47%. The results indicate that case definitions for PD are underestimating gingivitis and overestimating the prevalence of periodontitis. Expert review of findings identified clinicians relying on visual assessment and radiographic findings in addition to the case definition criteria to document PD diagnosis. / 2021-08-10

Background: Data analysis for biomedical research often requires a record linkage step to identify records from multiple data sources referring to the same person. Due to the lack of unique personal identifiers across these sources, record linkage relies on the similarity of personal data such as first and last names or birth dates. However, the exchange of such identifying data with a third party, as is the case in record linkage, is generally subject to strict privacy requirements. This problem is addressed by privacy-preserving record linkage (PPRL) and pseudonymization services. Mainzelliste is an open-source record linkage and pseudonymization service used to carry out PPRL processes in real-world use cases. Methods: We evaluate the linkage quality and performance of the linkage process using several real and near-real datasets with different properties w.r.t. size and error-rate of matching records. We conduct a comparison between (plaintext) record linkage and PPRL based on encoded records (Bloom filters). Furthermore, since the Mainzelliste software offers no blocking mechanism, we extend it by phonetic blocking as well as novel blocking schemes based on locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) to improve runtime for both standard and privacy-preserving record linkage. Results: The Mainzelliste achieves high linkage quality for PPRL using field-level Bloom filters due to the use of an error-tolerant matching algorithm that can handle variances in names, in particular missing or transposed name compounds. However, due to the absence of blocking, the runtimes are unacceptable for real use cases with larger datasets. The newly implemented blocking approaches improve runtimes by orders of magnitude while retaining high linkage quality. Conclusion: We conduct the first comprehensive evaluation of the record linkage facilities of the Mainzelliste software and extend it with blocking methods to improve its runtime. We observed a very high linkage quality for both plaintext as well as encoded data even in the presence of errors. The provided blocking methods provide order of magnitude improvements regarding runtime performance thus facilitating the use in research projects with large datasets and many participants.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第18467号 / 人健博第21号 / 新制||人健||2(附属図書館) / 31345 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 任 和子, 教授 横出 正之, 教授 田村 恵子 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Bakgrund: Välfungerande kommunikation i journalen är av stor vikt för patientsäkerheten. Studier påvisade att journalen som arbetsverktyg hade en central roll för sjuksköterskors upplevelser av patientsäker omvårdnad. Om informationen i journalen var lättillgänglig i ett lättarbetat journalsystem upplevde sjuksköterskorna journalhanteringen patientsäker. Studier påvisade även att det var av stor vikt att det fanns tid för sjuksköterskorna att erhålla informationen om patienterna på ett säkert sätt. Syfte: Belysa sjuksköterskors upplevelser av journalhantering ur ett patientsäkerhetsperspektiv. Metod: En intervjustudie med kvalitativ ansats utfördes. Intervjuerna analyserades och tematiserades. Resultat: Journalsystemet upplevdes invecklat och svåröverskådligt. Det fanns brister gällande dokumentationsrutiner. Muntlig rapport och rapportblad kompenserade för brister i journalhanteringen men gav också upphov till nya patientsäkerhetsrisker. Bristen på tid att dokumentera samt bristen på tid att läsa patientjournal påverkade patientsäkerheten negativt. Den psykosociala och fysiska arbetsmiljön påverkade patientsäkerheten i olika riktningar. Slutsatser: Sjuksköterskorna upplevde att brister i journalsystemet, arbetsrutiner och styrning ledde till att journalsystemet inte tillämpades optimalt. Muntlig rapport och rapportblad tillämpades i syfte att kompensera brister i journalhanteringen. Konsekvensen blev dubbeldokumentation, desinformation, risk för informationsförlust och behov av dubbelkontroller, vilket tog tid. / Background: Well-functioning communication in medical record is important for patient safety. Studies showed that the journal as a tool had a central role in nurses' experiences of patient safety. If the information in the records were readily available and easy to work with nurses found the medical record management to be patient safe. Studies also showed that it was vital that there was time for nurses to obtain information about the patients safety. Aim: Elucidate nurses' experiences of the medical records from patient safety perspective. Method: An interview study with qualitative approach was carried out. The interviews were analysed and thematised. Result: Electronic medical records experienced complicated and difficult to understand. There were deficiencies regarding documentation procedures. Oral report and the report sheet offset deficiencies in patient management but also gave rise to new patient safety risks. The lack of time to document and the lack of time to read the medical record impact patient safety negatively. The psychosocial and physical work environment affected patient safety in different directions. Conclusions: The nurses felt that the shortcomings in the medical record system, work procedures and control led to electronic medical records is not applied optimally. Oral report and the report sheet was applied in order to compensate for deficiencies in journal management. The consequence was duplication of documentation, misinformation, risk of data loss and the need for cross-checks, which was time-consuming.

We present a continuous high-resolution precisely dated multiproxy record of hydroclimate variability at Anjohibe in northwestern Madagascar using speleothem AB13. The record spanned ~4,484 to ~2,863 years BP and showed general agreement with previously published speleothem records from the same approximate location. However, a speleothem record from Rodrigues Island, located ~1,600 km to the east of Madagascar, did not align, suggesting that paleoclimate records from Rodrigues Island may not serve as accurate proxies for northwestern Madagascar, as has been previously suggested. Stalagmite AB13 also provides a detailed record of rainfall variability during the 4.2 ka event, the abrupt climate disturbance associated with the collapse of several early human civilizations. Between ~3,900 – 4,300 years BP, Anjohibe experienced two periods of moderate drying. The most significant climate perturbation in the record was a drought that lasted ~300 years with peak dryness at ~3,000 years BP. This extended drought may have contributed to the reduction of the local perennial wetland environments and thus may have implications for the extirpation of Malagasy pygmy hippopotamuses in this part of the dry deciduous forest.

Introduction: The study provides a comprehensive overview of how it has become increasingly common in today's job market for employers to request criminal record checks during the hiring process. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how the criminal record affects the employment prospects of individuals with a criminal background and to analyze the methods identified as effective in supporting individuals who have been denied employment due to their criminal record. Method: To address the study's objectives, a qualitative research approach was chosen, involving content analysis and document analysis. Results: Individuals with a criminal record face greater challenges in reintegrating into the labor market due to the stigmatization and labeling associated with having a criminal record. The results showed that individuals with a criminal record experience social exclusion, discrimination, and stigmatization. Furthermore, the findings indicate that these individuals are indirectly punished even after serving their sentence, as they face limitations in their opportunities for labor market reintegration. Society views them as deviant, further hindering the reintegration of individuals with previous criminal convictions and increasing the likelihood of recidivism. Therefore, it is important to implement strategies and interventions that focus on the rehabilitation and reintegration of individuals with criminal backgrounds into the labor market.

While media displays exist in every mathematics classroom, these displays may have been taken for granted by teachers and researchers in terms of their potential use and impact on learning. This study looks at how three practicing mathematics teachers with differing teaching styles and experience levels view and use these media displays in their classrooms. This research shows how the relationship between a teachers' perceptions of media displays for showing mathematics are closely tied to their own beliefs regarding teaching and learning. Findings for this study can provide researchers with a starting place to see how teachers perceive and talk about public records in their classes.