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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Not Ideas About the Thing But the Thing Itself: Thomas Reid's Epistemology in the Light of Artistotle's "De Anima"

DeMoor, Michael 09 1900 (has links)
This thesis argues that, in spite of his explicit denunciation of Aristotle's theory of perception and thought, Thomas Reid's own theory of perception marks a return to the central themes of Aristotle's theory. It is argued, first, that Aristotle's 'De Anima' presents an account of sensation and thought in which the functions of the object of perception play the determining role with respect to the structure, order and intelligibility of the act of perception. Thomas Aquinas' and Descartes' transformation of Aristotle's account are then discussed, showing how the "apparatus" of Aristotle's theory remains while the ground of order and intelligibility is shifted from the functions of the object of perception to those of the perceiver as subject. The theories of the British empiricists are then shown to be continuous with this transformation of Aristotle's thought. Finally, it is argued that Reid returns to an objectivism by way of his rejection of the subjectivistic transformation wrought by Descartes et al. It is argued that this rejection is not---as Reid himself believes---a rejection of the crucial aspects of Aristotle's theory, but instead constitutes a return to its primary themes and theses.
22

A concep??o de linguagem de Thomas Reid

Faller, Jacson Jonas 15 July 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:55:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 450316.pdf: 407606 bytes, checksum: 85aef53515ae7124ae586d4ffb032c18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-15 / The bulk of this thesis is devoted to proposing a crosscut reading of two great works of Thomas Reid (1710-1796), Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man and An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense, aiming at positing Reid s notion of language that underlies his theory of operations of the mind. For this, the work is divided into four main points: firstly, Reid s understanding of language is posted, as Reid conceives and organizes it; secondly, the reidian theory of operations of mind is examined as well as its division into social and solitary operation; thirdly, the subject of the testimony is explained so as to, lastly, end it by attempting to answer the question that underlies this research, namely, in what ways Reid s concept of language depicts the relations among world, mind, and language from Reid s own conceptions. / A presente disserta??o possui como proposta de trabalho uma leitura transversal de duas grandes obras de Thomas Reid (1710-1796), Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man e An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense, com o objetivo geral de tornar aparente a no??o reidiana de linguagem que subjaz ? sua teoria das opera??es da mente. Para cumprir com tal objetivo, divide-se este trabalho em quatro momentos principais: em primeiro lugar ? exposta a compreens?o reidiana de linguagem como Reid a concebe e a organiza; em seguida, disserta-se sobre a teoria reidiana das opera??es da mente, bem como sua divis?o entre opera??es sociais e opera??es solit?rias; logo ap?s, aos moldes de Reid, o tema do testemunho ? explanado para, enfim, encerrar a exposi??o com uma possibilidade de resposta ? quest?o que orienta esta pesquisa, a saber, o que esta concep??o de linguagem pode representar no que diz respeito ? rela??o entre mundo, mente e linguagem a partir do pensamento de Thomas Reid.
23

Thomas Reid : o problema da indu??o

Pimentel, Pablo Fernando Campos 30 October 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-01-06T17:10:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_PABLO_FERNANDO_CAMPOS_PIMENTEL_COMPLETO.pdf: 457041 bytes, checksum: b3767810998753faabb48ba36ef282e7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-06T17:10:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_PABLO_FERNANDO_CAMPOS_PIMENTEL_COMPLETO.pdf: 457041 bytes, checksum: b3767810998753faabb48ba36ef282e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-30 / The purpose of this paper is to present a possible reidian theory for a justification to the problem of induction from its two major writings, namely, "An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense" 1764 and "Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Men" of 1785. Thus, appear quite subtle conception of Thomas Reid about "Problem of Induction", which is primarily discussed in the Inquiry, however, they appear quite important approaches and crucial also in Essays. It should not be forgotten that while the reidiana theory of induction is emerging, a debate and an analysis will be made by Reid in his great contemporary Hume. The importance of Hume's inclusion is indisputable because it has been Reid's time, and also by the contours of his thought about inductive reasoning and how Reid understands and, in a way, goes further. Therefore, some chapters will work with the problem of induction in the two respective works of Reid, HMI and EIP. It will also be an analysis of what was written about the induction and other peripheral issues in Reid, the other researchers. What conclusions Reid comes in and another work, and realize what critics synthesized his thinking in this respect, namely with regard to induction. / O objetivo do presente trabalho ? apresentar uma poss?vel teoria reidiana para uma justifica??o ao problema da indu??o a partir de seus dois grandes escritos, a saber, o ?An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense? de 1764 e o ?Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Men? de 1785. Desse modo, surgir? de forma bastante sutil a concep??o de Thomas Reid acerca do ?Problema da Indu??o?, o qual ? discutido primeiramente no Inquiry, no entanto, aparecem abordagens bastante importantes e cruciais tamb?m no Essays. N?o deve ser esquecido que ao passo que a teoria reidiana da indu??o vai emergindo, um debate e uma an?lise v?o sendo feitos por Reid em seu grande contempor?neo Hume. A import?ncia da inser??o de Hume ? indiscut?vel pelo fato de este ter sido do tempo de Reid, e, tamb?m, pelos contornos de seu pensamento acerca do racioc?nio indutivo e como Reid o interpreta e, de certo modo, vai al?m. Deste modo, alguns cap?tulos trabalhar?o com o problema da indu??o nas duas respectivas obras de Reid, IHM e EIP. Tamb?m ser? feita uma an?lise do que foi escrito acerca da indu??o e outros assuntos perif?ricos em Reid, da parte de outros pesquisadores. A que conclus?es Reid chega numa e noutra obra, e perceber o que os cr?ticos sintetizaram de seu pensamento nesse aspecto, a saber, no que tange ? indu??o.
24

L'externalisme épistémologique chez Thomas Reid

Lemaire, Alexandre 04 1900 (has links) (PDF)
L'objet du présent mémoire est d'effectuer une comparaison historique de deux systèmes épistémologiques comportant un aspect externaliste. Les deux philosophes mis à l'étude sont Thomas Reid, Écossais ayant vécu au 18e siècle, et Alvin Goldman, professeur et chercheur américain contemporain travaillant sur l'épistémologie et la psychologie. Ce dernier a développé une analyse de la connaissance qu'on qualifie d'externaliste. Selon cette position, on considère généralement qu'une croyance vraie s'élève au titre de connaissance si elle a été causée de manière adéquate par le fait qui la rend vraie. La croyance n'est alors plus validée de l'intérieur, par la réflexion du sujet, mais bien de l'extérieur, par les faits du monde. Notre thèse est que bien qu'il ait vécu bien avant l'arrivée de ce type de position, Thomas Reid a développé une épistémologie contenant des traces bien similaires à celle de Goldman. Nous soulèverons les points de similitude et tenterons de déterminer si on peut interpréter la philosophie de Reid comme une sorte de fiabilisme, type d'externalisme postulé par Goldman. Nous affirmons que cela est possible et nous en faisons la démonstration dans ce mémoire. Ce type de lecture historique n'est pas sans problème. Il nous faudra aussi résoudre une multitude de problèmes, tant historiques, en ce qui concerne Reid, que théoriques, pour ce qui est du fiabilisme de Goldman. Le travail se fera en trois temps : l'exposition de la thèse de Reid et des traces d'externalisme s'y retrouvant; l'exposition de la thèse de Goldman et les liens possibles avec celle de Reid; enfin, l'exposition et l'évaluation d'interprétations concurrentes à la nôtre. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Épistémologie, Externalisme, Internalisme, Fiabilisme, Thomas Reid, Alvin Goldman
25

The epistemological foundations of the appeal to common sense in Claude Buffier and Thomas Reid/

Marcil-Lacoste, Louise, 1943- January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
26

The development of a Common Sense Realism historiography in American church history from 1955 to 1994 a study of the impact of Thomas Reid's epistemology on the historical methodology of contemporary evangelical historians, with reference to the thought of Professor George Marsden and Professor Mark Noll /

Seeman, Bradley Nelson. January 1995 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 1995. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 464-476).
27

A relação entre sensação e percepção na teoria do conhecimento empírico de Thomas Reid: uma análise do realismo direto em epistemologia

Souza, Miriam Elisabeth Mibielli dos Santos January 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:55:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000414799-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 393719 bytes, checksum: e09801b5cd51426472def038700b8bf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / The objective of this study is to establish the relationship between sensation and perception in the theory of empirical knowledge of Thomas Reid, making an analysis of direct realism in epistemology. The topic is discussed based mainly on two of her major works, An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense and Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man, but without leave to present the ideas of major contemporary philosophers, interpreters of Reid as well as John Greco, James van Cleve, among others. At first, he was critical of Reid to the theory of ideas, setting up a distinction between sensation and perception. The theory of sensation and the theory of perception are treated separately, as the methodology adopted by Reid suggests. To finish up, the last chapter deals with the direct realism of Thomas Reid, where he attempts to demonstrate, through his theory of perception, human mind’s ability to relate directly with the world, without need of any other element, as the "idea" itself. / O objetivo do presente trabalho é estabelecer a relação entre sensação e percepção na teoria do conhecimento empírico de Thomas Reid, efetuando uma análise do realismo direto em epistemologia. O tema é abordado com base, principalmente, em duas de suas grandes obras, An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense e Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man, mas sem deixar de apresentar as ideias de grandes filósofos contemporâneos, intérpretes de Reid como John Greco, James van Cleve, entre outros. No primeiro momento, ressalta-se a crítica de Reid à teoria das ideias, estabelecendo-se em seguida uma distinção preliminar entre sensação e percepção. A teoria da sensação e a teoria da percepção são então tratadas separadamente, conforme a metodologia adotada por Reid. Para finalizar, o último capítulo trata do realismo direto de Thomas Reid, que, na teoria da percepção, demonstra a capacidade que a mente possui de se conectar diretamente com o mundo, sem precisar de qualquer outro elemento, como a própria "ideia".
28

The epistemological foundations of the appeal to common sense in Claude Buffier and Thomas Reid/

Marcil-Lacoste, Louise, 1943- January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
29

A rela??o entre sensa??o e percep??o na teoria do conhecimento emp?rico de Thomas Reid : uma an?lise do realismo direto em epistemologia

Souza, Miriam Elisabeth Mibielli dos Santos 15 May 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:54:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 414799.pdf: 393719 bytes, checksum: e09801b5cd51426472def038700b8bf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-15 / O objetivo do presente trabalho ? estabelecer a rela??o entre sensa??o e percep??o na teoria do conhecimento emp?rico de Thomas Reid, efetuando uma an?lise do realismo direto em epistemologia. O tema ? abordado com base, principalmente, em duas de suas grandes obras, An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense e Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man, mas sem deixar de apresentar as ideias de grandes fil?sofos contempor?neos, int?rpretes de Reid como John Greco, James van Cleve, entre outros. No primeiro momento, ressalta-se a cr?tica de Reid ? teoria das ideias, estabelecendo-se em seguida uma distin??o preliminar entre sensa??o e percep??o. A teoria da sensa??o e a teoria da percep??o s?o ent?o tratadas separadamente, conforme a metodologia adotada por Reid. Para finalizar, o ?ltimo cap?tulo trata do realismo direto de Thomas Reid, que, na teoria da percep??o, demonstra a capacidade que a mente possui de se conectar diretamente com o mundo, sem precisar de qualquer outro elemento, como a pr?pria "ideia".
30

Teoria da percepção e crítica à teoria das idéias no pensamento de Thomas Reid

Pereira, José Aparecido 23 February 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Aparecido Pereira.pdf: 1736504 bytes, checksum: e929f4a6ef8235281a296eb73951a040 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-23 / Influenced by Newton and the great scientific achievements of his time, Thomas Reid believed to be possible to undertake a similar study with regard to human nature, or support it through the secure basis of observation and experimental method of reasoning. A clear outline of this project was found in the investigations in which he seeks to analyze the components involved in the perception, supported by our five senses. The main objective of this study is to analyze and reflect an important part of his thoughts, specifically, his theory of perception and his criticism of the theory of ideas, since they constitute the core of the whole philosophical enterprise established by him, holding him throughout his academic and intellectual journey. An analysis of Reid's works show us that these two issues keep between themselves a close relationship, imposing an important methodological requirement for those wishing to investigate or discuss his epistemology: the approach of one, necessarily implies a reference to another. That requirement and its implication made it necessary to circumscribe our research around these two themes. Thus, two issues are the main subject to be discussed in this work: how Reid systematized the elements of his theory of perception; How, from these elements, it is formulated his criticism of the theory of ideas. Answering these two questions is necessary to check these two interpretations we attach to Reid s thought: a) the assumption according to which his theory of perception had been the key to the construction of his theory of ideas critique, that is, when he systematized the ingredients which are the basis of his criticism about the theory of ideas, he had already made clear which elements should comprise the perceptual process. That was crucial to his objections to the ideal system so that he turned it the origin and the result of his view of perception; b) the investigation of Reid about human nature explicit strong convictions about the right conditions for the acquisition and justification of our beliefs, not by means of reasoning, but through the natural, instinctive, regulated by innate principles of mind, that means the thesis that human nature is governed by principles that do not fit the requirements of priori traditional philosophy. In this sense, Reid was determined to show that the acquisition and justification of them come to depend on principles which, although considered natural, have great importance and authority similar to those typically provided by understanding. For the methodological procedures adopted for this research, we take into account the fact that it was set predominantly in the theoretical or theorist. This naturally put upon us the need to lead it through analytical, expository, interpretive, reflective and systematic reading especially from the works of Reid. The results obtained in this investigation led us, among other conclusions, the finding that this philosopher is important because he carries a deep and interesting analysis of human cognition / Influenciado por Newton e pelas grandes realizações científicas de seu tempo, Thomas Reid acreditava ser possível empreender um estudo análogo no que diz respeito à natureza humana, ou seja, fundamentá-la através da base segura da observação e do método do raciocínio experimental. Um esboço bem definido desse projeto o encontramos em suas Investigações na qual ele procura analisar os componentes envolvidos na percepção, tendo como suporte os nossos cinco sentidos. O objetivo principal desse trabalho consiste em refletir e analisar uma parte importante do seu pensamento, especificamente, a sua teoria da percepção e a sua crítica à teoria das idéias, visto que elas constituem o cerne de todo empreendimento filosófico estabelecido por ele, ocupando-o em todo o seu itinerário acadêmico e intelectual. Uma análise das obras de Reid nos mostrará que essas duas temáticas mantêm, entre si, uma estreita relação, impondo uma exigência metodológica importante para quem queira investigar ou discorrer sobre a sua epistemologia: a abordagem sobre uma, implica, necessariamente, fazer referência à outra. Foi constatando essa exigência e implicação necessárias que circunscrevemos a nossa pesquisa em torno desses dois temas. Assim, duas questões constituem o objeto principal a ser discutido nesse trabalho: como Reid sistematizou em suas obras os elementos que compõem a sua teoria da percepção? Como, a partir desses elementos, encontra-se formulada a sua crítica à teoria das idéias? Ao responder essas duas questões pretendemos, ainda, verificar estas duas interpretações que atribuímos ao pensamento de Reid: a) a suposição segundo a qual a sua teoria da percepção fora determinante para a construção da sua crítica à teoria das idéias, ou seja, quando ele sistematizou os ingredientes que fundamentam a sua crítica à teoria das idéias, ele já tinha bem claro quais os elementos deveriam compor o processo perceptivo. E isso foi determinante para as suas objeções ao sistema ideal a ponto de torná-lo originário e decorrente da sua visão da percepção; b) as investigações de Reid sobre a natureza humana explicitam fortes convicções em torno das condições adequadas para a aquisição e a justificação de nossas crenças, não pelas vias do raciocínio, mas mediante processos naturais, instintivos, regulados por princípios inatos da mente, ou seja, a tese de que a natureza humana é regulada mediante princípios que não se enquadram nas exigências da filosofia apriorista tradicional. Nesse sentido, Reid estava empenhado em mostrar que a aquisição e justificação delas passam a depender de princípios que, embora considerados naturais, possuem peso e autoridade análogos àqueles tradicionalmente conferidos ao entendimento. Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos adotados para essa pesquisa, levamos em conta o fato de ela estar configurada predominantemente no âmbito teórico ou teorético. Isso naturalmente nos impôs a necessidade de conduzi-la através da leitura analítica, expositiva, interpretativa, reflexiva e sistemática a partir, sobretudo, das obras de Reid. Os resultados obtidos nessa investigação nos levaram, dentre outras conclusões, à constatação de que esse filósofo é relevante porque realiza uma profunda e interessante análise sobre a cognição humana

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