Spelling suggestions: "subject:"reproductive 1echnology"" "subject:"reproductive 1technology""
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Comparison of two different media and assisted hatching techniques on the embryo hatching rate using the mouse as a modelNegota, Nkhumeleni Cathbert 18 May 2017 (has links)
MSCAGR (Animal Science) / Department of Animal Science / The use of in vitro culture media and assisted hatching techniques remain a challenging obstacle to hatching of blastocyst-stage embryos. Mechanical, chemical, enzymatic thinning and laser assisted techniques have been used previously, but there is still a lack of information on its application and implication in livestock. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two in vitro culture media ((Ham’s F10 and Tissue Culture Medium 199 (TCM-199)) and four assisted hatching techniques (mechanical, chemical, enzymatic and laser) on blastocyst formation and hatching rate using murine embryos as a model. The C57BL/6 and BALB/c mouse breeds were bred and raised until they reach maturity and then bred naturally to produce a hybrid F1 generation. The light in the breeder house was controlled at 14 hours light and 10 hours darkness. Feed and water were provided ad libitum for the mice. Mature female mice were super-ovulated using equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). A total of 400 blastocysts were collected from the F1 generation and these were allocated equally for the four assisted hatching techniques (laser, mechanical, chemical and enzymatic) as well as a non-treated control group. The blastocysts were paired into a group of 10 and replicated 4-four times for each assisted hatching techniques and control group. The embryos were then cultured for 24 hours and the hatching of the embryos were observed. Hatched embryos were stained for blastomere counting. The general linear model (GLM) of statistical analysis software (SAS) version 9.4 was used to analyze the data. Assisted hatching techniques (laser, mechanical, enzymatic and chemical) yielded 46.86±37.12; 51.07±40.19; 39.05±35.83 and 33.32±37.50% of hatching, respectively under in vitro culture in Ham’s F10. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) observed between assisted hatching techniques using Ham’s F10 as culture medium. In the TCM-199, laser, mechanical, enzymatic and chemical assisted hatching techniques yielded 56.25±43.30; 52.55±35.50; 49.16±37.50 and 33.85±35.50%, respectively, with significant differences (p<0.05). However, the hatching rate of embryos for all techniques was higher when in vitro cultured in TCM-199 compared to those cultured in Ham’s F10, and statistically higher than the control group. In conclusion, laser assisted hatching technique is the best of the techniques to use to assist the hatching of murine embryos and TCM-199 is the best of the two in vitro culture media for the hatching percentage.
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Transplantace dělohy jako cesta k mateřství / Uterus transplantation as a path to motherhoodHlaváčová, Žaneta January 2018 (has links)
This thesis describes relatively new method of assisted reproduction. Uterus transplantation is viewed from feminist perspective, and its potential benefits and risks in wider ethical and social contexts on theoretical level are being considered. It reveals how womanhood and motherhood are constructed in different discourses in context of uterine transplantation through critical reading and thinking. By using of critical discourse analysis I focus on texts produced on this subject in the popular and professional discourse and reveal what kind of gender stereotypes and constructs they are using to support their arguments. These areas of our everyday lives have great power in society and influence the way we perceive and construct reality and thus participate in its creation. Key words: Uterus transplantation, infertility, motherhood, reproductive technology, gender roles
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Assessing the Psychological Impact of Fertility TreatmentMcKenna, Kenneth A. (Kenneth Allen) 08 1900 (has links)
This controlled descriptive study was designed to investigate the psychological status of couples who are engaged in advanced fertility treatments. A battery of psychological test instruments, including the Millon Behavioral Health Inventory (MBHI), the Health Attribution Test (HAT), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS), was used to measure psychological variables that have been shown in the infertility research literature to be associated with the psychological experiences of infertility patients. The scores from the four assessment instruments were compared with those of pregnant couples in childbirth education classes to differentiate the impact of stress associated with fertility treatment from the stress experienced by third trimester pregnant couples. Eighty-five subjects (42 male and 43 female) volunteered for the study and completed packets of questionnaires. The groups were designated Treatment (infertile couples) and Control (pregnant couples). The resulting data were collected and analyzed on the basis of group mean scores on the test instruments.
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KNOWLEDGE, INTENTIONS, AND BELIEFS ABOUT FERTILITY AND ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY AMONG ILLINOIS COLLEGE STUDENTSMorris, Akilah 01 August 2018 (has links) (PDF)
AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF AKILAH MORRIS SMITH, for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Public Health, presented on April 11th 2018, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: KNOWLEDGE, INTENTIONS, AND BELIEFS ABOUT FERTILITY AND ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY AMONG ILLINOIS COLLEGE STUDENTS MAJOR PROFESSOR: Roberta Ogletree H.S.D and Juliane P. Wallace PhD The purpose of this quantitative cross sectional study was to examine knowledge, beliefs, and intentions about fertility and assisted reproductive technology among college students. This study differs from previous studies in that it examines knowledge, beliefs, and intentions about fertility and assisted reproductive technology among Illinois college students. Five hundred thirty six undergraduate students from six Illinois universities taking foundational health courses participated in this convenience sample study. Participants included three hundred and five females, 225 males, and five transgender students. The age ranges from 18-60. Five hundred and twenty students were childless. Three hundred and eleven students were single, 195 were in a committed relationship, and 16 were married. An Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) detected the differences among college students’ knowledge, beliefs, and intentions, based on race, sexual orientation, age, parental status, relationship status, and gender. Additionally Multiple Linear Regression analysis determined variations among race, sexual orientation, age, parental status, relationship status, and gender based on intentions, beliefs, and knowledge of fertility and ART treatment options. The first findings indicate that age, race and relationship status variables strongly impacted fertility intentions. The second findings reveal that gender and race impact beliefs influencing fertility and ART treatment options. None of the six variables significantly affected knowledge, which does not correlate with the literature. The students replied that they were not informed about women’s fertility as well as ART treatment options. Caucasians and older students’ intended on delaying parenthood supports the current literatures. According to Martinez, Daniels, and Chandra (2012), Caucasians are more likely to delay parenthood, which this research study supports. Secondly, Caucasians and males students had beliefs that supported the delaying of parenthood. Amongst the six groups, none of the groups affected knowledge. Daniluk and Koert (2012) show that while college student’s lack knowledge researchers are not sure what strongly predict their fertility and ART knowledge treatments.
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A feminist interpretation of the implications and consequences of new reproductive technologies /Misri, Anita P. January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
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Designer Genes: An analysis of a theoretical framework for policy proposals in relation to genetic engineering as a reproductive technologyCrain, Stacie M. 03 September 2003 (has links)
With the new capabilities of genetic engineering and such biotechnologies, come added considerations for policy makers. If gene therapy (or even embryo selection) becomes common practice, we must look not only to creating policies that protect the interests of individuals in the legal and social realms, but consideration must also be given to the equality of opportunity in the genetic sense. This additional level brings with it much significance; one can argue that financial disparity is at least theoretically surmountable but it is difficult to account for intentional genetic alterations that would forever give certain individuals a physical advantage over non-enhanced persons.
It is with these new boundaries that genetic policy must find itself creating legislation; it is also with these new boundaries that policy will find its greatest hurdles. Given the ever-expanding field of biotechnology and gene therapy, one can hardly expect policy written today to be up-to-date ten, or even two years from now. Instead of focusing, therefore, on specific recommendations, I will center my discussion on a broad framework that outlines the arguments that should be considered when dealing with genetic engineering and public policy.
After creating a theoretical structure centered on historical experiences and the philosophical writings of John Rawls, we will delve deeper into the actual possibilities created by genetic engineering and embryo selection. I will further analyze the differences between positive and negative genetic interventions and discuss the consequences of these differences as they should (or should not) affect policy. This particular distinction and the implications of these differences on policy will serve as the bulk of my discussion. / Master of Arts
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The interaction between human spermatozoa and its homologous zona pellucida : scientific advances and clinical significanceOehninger, Sergio C. 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Infertility is a very common problem worldwide. Recent data have shown that disorders of the
male represent the most common single defined cause of infertility. This proposal examines
the clinical significance and fundamental physiological aspects of human gamete interaction.
These studies are focused on the assessment of the cellular-molecular mechanisms involved in
human sperm binding to its homologous zona pellucida resulting in the physiologic induction
of the acrosome reaction. We have developed and validated in vitro bioassays that assess
specific steps of the fertilization process that are critical for early embryo development. The
results of our translational research have already had a significant impact on the overall
evaluation of male infertility and on the clinical management of the infertile man in the
assisted reproduction arena. Furthermore, the unveiling of the basic mechanisms involved in
human gamete interaction will ultimately allow for both (i) the development of new male
reproductive diagnostic capabilities and (ii) the design of improved and safer therapies aiding
conception in childless couples suffering from male infertility. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Menslike onvrugbaarheid is 'n algemene wêreldwye probleem en onlangse data toon aan dat
die manlike factor die grootste enkel bydraende factor tot hierdie toestand is. Die werk loods
'n intensiewe ondersoek na die kliniese betekenis en basiese fisiologiese aspekte wat 'n rol
tydens spermsel en eisel interaksie speel. Hoofstuk 3 fokus op die sellulêre en molekulêre
meganismes wat betrokke is tydens spermsel en eisel binding wat gevolglik lei tot
akrosoomreaksie van die spermsel. Die werk verteenwoordig die resultate van 10 jaar se
navorsing tussen die kandidaat en die promoter. Dit gee oorsprong aan 'n reeks bio-toetse wat
die bevrugtingsproses koriografiese ontleed en verskaf dus 'n stap-vir-stap uiteenseting van
menslike bevrugting en gevolglike embrio ontwikkeling. Die resultate in Hoostuk 4 bring
vernuwing in die begrippe van die manlike faktor en die rol in die kinderlose huwelik. Die
resulate soos in Hoofstuk 3 en 4 uiteengesit, vorm nie net die basis vir die moontlike
ontwikkeling van nuwe diagnostiese benaderings tot die hantering van die man nies maar
speel oojk 'n rol die daarstelling van verbeterde terapeutiese hantering van die kinderlose
egpaar. Hoofstuk 5 gee kortliks riglyne en aanbevelings tot opsigte van die gebruik van die
spermsel-zona pellucida bindingstoets en akrosomreaksie. Die kandidaat bevel aan dat die
genoemde twee bio-toetse deel van die laboratorium ondersoeke van die man gebruik moet
word.
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Stress and coping for women from infertility to assisted reproductive treatmentsWong, Yim-kuk, Aileen., 黃艷菊. January 2000 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work
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Liberté de la recherche et modification du génome humain : le cas du transfert d'ooplasmeFortin, Sabrina 04 1900 (has links)
"Mémoire présenté à la faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit (LL.M.) option droit, biotechnologies et société" / Le transfert d'ooplasme est une nouvelle technique de reproduction (NTR) qUI
bouscule les fondements utilisés pour encadrer les modifications génétiques chez l'humain.
Par l'intervention dans le matériel génétique contenu dans les mitochondries des cellules,
ce nouveau procédé implique la création d'enfant issus du matériel génétique de trois
parents. L'exemple est intéressant en ce qu'il permet à la fois d'analyser une situation
spécifique aux enjeux éthiques et sociaux considérables, mais également de poser une
réflexion plus générale sur les modes d'encadrement des NTR et leur impact sur la liberté
de la recherche scientifique. Les théories sociologiques issues de l'analyse de la
technoscience permettent de démontrer d'une part un enthousiasme pour la recherche et
d'autre part les craintes de sa dérive. L'hypothèse du pluralisme normatif, issue de ces
craintes et de l'incapacité du droit à parvenir à les calmer, permet de mettre en lumière la
multiplication des normes destinées à encadrer la recherche scientifique. Cette pléthore de
normes est responsable d'une confusion dans l'interprétation des différents principes qui les
justifient (dignité humaine, innocuité, bienfait thérapeutique), d'autant plus qu'elles doivent
être conciliées entre les niveaux international, régional et national. Cette réflexion éthique
sur la limitation de la liberté de la recherche par l'encadrement des NTR permet la
démonstration des véritables enjeux qu'impliquent la génétique de la reproduction et
propose un regard neuf sur la façon de l'envisager. / Ooplasm transfer is a new reproductive technique that jostles the basis of human
gene modification. This new fertility treatment involved the transplantation of genetic
material included in mitochondrion, and results in new-born with DNA from three different
persons. This technique brings important sociological and ethical dilemmas. It also raises a critical discussion on how new reproductive techniques are regulated and how that
regulation limits the freedom of research. Sociological theories about technosciences have
shown that there is a great enthusiasm for research in society, but also great concerns on its excess. Those concerns have generated a multiplication of norms in order to control
possible abuses of researchers. The multiplication of norms limits not only the freedom of research, but is also responsible for the confusion in interpreting the principles that justify them (human dignity, innocuity, health benefits), especial1y when these principles have to be reconciled at the national, regional and international level.
This study is an ethical reflection on limits imposed on the freedom of research in
the new reproductive genetics area. By using ooplasmic transfer as an example, this work
addresses main issues of reproductive genetic and proposes a new way of understanding
and considering genetics in the socio-economical context of technoscientific societies.
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Análise de viabilidade de folículos ovarianos pré-antrais de gatas domésticas (Felis catus silvestris) após criopreservação /Martins, Jorge Luis Araujo. January 2015 (has links)
Orientador: Maria Denise Lopes / Banca: Fernanda da Cruz Landim / Banca: Fabiana Souza Ferreira / Banca: Ronaldo Gonçalves Morato / Banca: Nei Moreira / Resumo: Não disponível / Abstract: Not available / Doutor
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