abstract: Humans and robots need to work together as a team to accomplish certain shared goals due to the limitations of current robot capabilities. Human assistance is required to accomplish the tasks as human capabilities are often better suited for certain tasks and they complement robot capabilities in many situations. Given the necessity of human-robot teams, it has been long assumed that for the robotic agent to be an effective team member, it must be equipped with automated planning technologies that helps in achieving the goals that have been delegated to it by their human teammates as well as in deducing its own goal to proactively support its human counterpart by inferring their goals. However there has not been any systematic evaluation on the accuracy of this claim. In my thesis, I perform human factors analysis on effectiveness of such automated planning technologies for remote human-robot teaming. In the first part of my study, I perform an investigation on effectiveness of automated planning in remote human-robot teaming scenarios. In the second part of my study, I perform an investigation on effectiveness of a proactive robot assistant in remote human-robot teaming scenarios. Both investigations are conducted in a simulated urban search and rescue (USAR) scenario where the human-robot teams are deployed during early phases of an emergency response to explore all areas of the disaster scene. I evaluate through both the studies, how effective is automated planning technology in helping the human-robot teams move closer to human-human teams. I utilize both objective measures (like accuracy and time spent on primary and secondary tasks, Robot Attention Demand, etc.) and a set of subjective Likert-scale questions (on situation awareness, immediacy etc.) to investigate the trade-offs between different types of remote human-robot teams. The results from both the studies seem to suggest that intelligent robots with automated planning capability and proactive support ability is welcomed in general. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2015

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-03-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:12:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_lv_me_arafcl.pdf: 1611725 bytes, checksum: 6dff92f12a1e187c4179b35f8a82e819 (MD5) / Fundação Ford / Atualmente a questão ambiental é um dos grandes problemas enfrentados pela sociedade moderna e debatidos pro profissionais de diferentes áreas. Nas últimas décadas novas leis estão sendo implementadas visando criar, resgatar e difundir hábitos que levem em questão a preservação do espaço. As instituições de ensino estão se adequando às novas necessidades e cabe aos professores a realização de uma série de atividades que atendam a realidade ambiental específica de cada região. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa tem uma perspectiva educacional e ambiental e, na sua realização acompanhamos o desenvolvimento e aplicação de um projeto educacional num assentamento rural de Araraquara/SP. Ela teve por objetivo verificar a efetividade dos propósitos definidos pelo projeto escola do campo no que tange a aceitação da comunidade e principalmente ao exercício do trabalho dos professores com temas relacionados ao resgate cultural e difusão de valores que apresentem uma preocupação com a conservação ambiental. Tratou-se de um estudo referenciado numa abordagem qualitativa de cunho etnográfico. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foram utilizados a observação participante, a análise documental e entrevistas. Nos resultados procuramos fazer uma discussão teórica sobre os problemas ambientais e educacionais enfrentados pelas zonas rurais brasileiras, enfatizando as vantagens e dificuldades apresentadas pelos professores na aplicação de atividades que discutiam a temática ambiental, sugerindo que, para atingir resultados mais eficientes seria necessário uma melhor formação inicial e/ou capacitação dos professores. / Environmental issues are currently some of the most serious challenges that modern society faces. The degradation of the environment is an issue that is being discussed by several different professional fields and involves many other sectors of society. In the last few decades new laws have been implemented to create new behaviors that address environmetal conservation. Educational institutions are complying with the environmental laws and it is up to educational professionals to address environmental issues, using a series of comprehensive educational tools to adapt to the specific environmental challenges of each area. With this in mind, our research has both environmental and educational goals. In our research we followed the development and application to an educational project at the agriculture seat of Araraquara, state of Sao Paulo. The educational project goal was to verify the effectiveness of the proposals defined by the rural school project. It also focused on the teacher's performence in subjects related to the reclamation and diffusion of cultural values that have a concern with environmental conservation. It was a study with a qualitative approach from the ethnographic point of view. The process of data retrieving was done in three ways: participant observation, document analysis, and interviews. In the study conclusion we try to engage in a theoretical discussion about the environmental and educational problems that challenge rural areas in Brazil. We emphasized the advantages and disavantages shown by the professors throughout the application of the activities that touched the environmental question. As result we concluded that in order to achieve better results, further education of the professors would be necessary to increase their capacities for teaching the new environmental values.

Orientador: Edson do Carmo Inforsato / Banca: Maria Cristina Zancun / Banca: Marcos Sorrentino / Resumo: Atualmente a questão ambiental é um dos grandes problemas enfrentados pela sociedade moderna e debatidos pro profissionais de diferentes áreas. Nas últimas décadas novas leis estão sendo implementadas visando criar, resgatar e difundir hábitos que levem em questão a preservação do espaço. As instituições de ensino estão se adequando às novas necessidades e cabe aos professores a realização de uma série de atividades que atendam a realidade ambiental específica de cada região. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa tem uma perspectiva educacional e ambiental e, na sua realização acompanhamos o desenvolvimento e aplicação de um projeto educacional num assentamento rural de Araraquara/SP. Ela teve por objetivo verificar a efetividade dos propósitos definidos pelo projeto escola do campo no que tange a aceitação da comunidade e principalmente ao exercício do trabalho dos professores com temas relacionados ao resgate cultural e difusão de valores que apresentem uma preocupação com a conservação ambiental. Tratou-se de um estudo referenciado numa abordagem qualitativa de cunho etnográfico. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foram utilizados a observação participante, a análise documental e entrevistas. Nos resultados procuramos fazer uma discussão teórica sobre os problemas ambientais e educacionais enfrentados pelas zonas rurais brasileiras, enfatizando as vantagens e dificuldades apresentadas pelos professores na aplicação de atividades que discutiam a temática ambiental, sugerindo que, para atingir resultados mais eficientes seria necessário uma melhor formação inicial e/ou capacitação dos professores. / Abstract: Environmental issues are currently some of the most serious challenges that modern society faces. The degradation of the environment is an issue that is being discussed by several different professional fields and involves many other sectors of society. In the last few decades new laws have been implemented to create new behaviors that address environmetal conservation. Educational institutions are complying with the environmental laws and it is up to educational professionals to address environmental issues, using a series of comprehensive educational tools to adapt to the specific environmental challenges of each area. With this in mind, our research has both environmental and educational goals. In our research we followed the development and application to an educational project at the agriculture seat of Araraquara, state of Sao Paulo. The educational project goal was to verify the effectiveness of the proposals defined by the rural school project. It also focused on the teacher's performence in subjects related to the reclamation and diffusion of cultural values that have a concern with environmental conservation. It was a study with a qualitative approach from the ethnographic point of view. The process of data retrieving was done in three ways: participant observation, document analysis, and interviews. In the study conclusion we try to engage in a theoretical discussion about the environmental and educational problems that challenge rural areas in Brazil. We emphasized the advantages and disavantages shown by the professors throughout the application of the activities that touched the environmental question. As result we concluded that in order to achieve better results, further education of the professors would be necessary to increase their capacities for teaching the new environmental values. / Mestre

Este trabalho apresenta uma leitura das manifestações do insólito ficcional, a partir de mitos e do maravilhoso moçambicano, em Vinte e zinco, de Mia Couto. Essas manifestações podem ser vistas como pertencentes ao Realismo Maravilhoso, Mágico ou Animista, uma vez que podem ser observadas através da representação literária de mitos que perpassam o continente africano como um todo, permitindo, assim, repensar a origem de lendas, crenças, folclore, religiosidade e tradições nacionais. Dessa forma, os eventos insólitos presentes em Vinte e zinco são utilizados por Mia Couto com a intenção, explicitada em seus artigos de opinião, de resgatar e recuperar aspectos dispersos da mosaica e híbrida identidade moçambicana, contribuindo para sua construção na contemporaneidade, ultrapassadas as guerras de descolonização -frente a Portugal - e civil -entre os próprios moçambicanos / This paper presents an analysis of unusual manifestations of fiction, from the wonderful myths and Mozambique, in Twenty-Zinc, by Mia Couto. These manifestations can be seen as belonging to Realism Wonderful Wizard Animist or, as can be seen through the literary representation of myths that pervade the continent as a whole, thus allowing rethink the origin of legends, beliefs, folklore, religious and national traditions. Thus, these unusual events in Twenty and zinc are used by Mia Couto with intent, embodied in its articles of opinion, rescue and recover aspects of the Mosaic dispersed and hybrid Mozambican identity, contributing to its construction in contemporary times, exceeded the wars decolonization, against Portugal and civil among Mozambicans themselves

abstract: While developing autonomous intelligent robots has been the goal of many research programs, a more practical application involving intelligent robots is the formation of teams consisting of both humans and robots. An example of such an application is search and rescue operations where robots commanded by humans are sent to environments too dangerous for humans. For such human-robot interaction, natural language is considered a good communication medium as it allows humans with less training about the robot's internal language to be able to command and interact with the robot. However, any natural language communication from the human needs to be translated to a formal language that the robot can understand. Similarly, before the robot can communicate (in natural language) with the human, it needs to formulate its communique in some formal language which then gets translated into natural language. In this paper, I develop a high level language for communication between humans and robots and demonstrate various aspects through a robotics simulation. These language constructs borrow some ideas from action execution languages and are grounded with respect to simulated human-robot interaction transcripts. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Computer Science 2012

O estudo apresenta uma análise sobre os sítios arqueológicos filiados à Tradição Tupiguarani e da cultura material deles decorrentes, de modo a favorecer uma discussão sobre os elementos constituintes dessa filiação cultural na Bacia do Alto Tocantins. Os trabalhos foram executados no âmbito de projetos de salvamento arqueológico, parte integrante da modalidade da pesquisa arqueológica de contrato, realizados pelo Laboratório de Arqueologia do Museu Antropológico da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Os registros arqueológicos foram identificados na área dos empreendimentos hidrelétricos da UHE Serra da Mesa e UHE Cana Brava, localizados na Bacia do Alto Tocantins, região norte do estado de Goiás. O trabalho tem como objetivo relatar as características observadas na constituição do processo de ocupação da área pela Tradição Tupiguarani, mesmo que seus assentamentos sejam significativamente reduzidos neste território, cuja predominância está relacionada aos grupos filiados às Tradições Aratu e Uru. O propósito não é contestar a existência breve ou perene desses grupos na região, se existiram apenas como circulantes de uma rota de migração, mas buscar compreender a partir do cenário arqueológico encontrado, manifestações que configurem a dinâmica de ocupação pelos grupos ceramistas pré-coloniais relacionados à Tradição Tupiguarani. / This study shows an analysis of the archaeological sites related to the Tupiguarani tradition and the material culture arose from it, in a way to enhance a discussion on the principles of such cultural relationship in the Bay of the Upper Tocantins. The work was done in the scope of projects of archaeological rescue, integrating part of the feature of the archaeological research of contract, realized by the Archaeology Laboratory of the Anthropological Museum of the Federal University of Goiás. The archaeological records were identified in the area of the hydroelectric venture of the Hydroelectric Power Station of Serra da Mesa and the Hydroelectric Power Station of Cana Brava, located in the Bay of Upper Tocantins in the north of the Goiás State. The objective of the work is to report the characteristics observed in the constitution of the occupation process of the area by the Tupiguarani Tradition, even though its settlement was quite reduced in this territory, which was predominantly related to the Aratu and Uru Traditions. The aim is not to contest the brief or perennial existence of these groups in the area, if their settlement there was just part of a migratory movement, but to try to understand the manifestation that represents the dynamic of the occupation by the pre-colonial ceramist groups related to the Tupiguarani Tradition according to the archaeological scenery found.

L’opéra sauvetage s’est développé rapidement en France durant la Révolution française, principalement dans l’opéra-comique, puis est assez vite passé de mode sous l’Empire. L’opéra sauvetage se définit surtout en fonction de ses caractéristiques littéraires. Le livret met en scène un héros ou un groupe sauvé de la mort ou d’un avenir contraire à ses désirs après que l’injustice ou la malveillance l’a persécuté. Le sauvetage arrive à l’instant le plus critique. Nous nous sommes interrogée sur l’efficacité dramatique des intrigues, musiques et mises en scènes proposées dans ces créations. Notre étude travaille donc sur l’énergie dramatique mise en œuvre dans les opéras sauvetage et surtout sur son calibrage selon le déroulement de l’action. Le terme « énergie dramatique » doit être compris comme le lien entre la construction d’un opéra et l’émotion que cette construction doit engendrer. Cette étude sur l’énergie dramatique se justifie d’autant plus que ce concept est au centre de l’intérêt d’un opéra sauvetage à défaut d’autres notions comme la virtuosité par exemple. / The rescue opera developed quickly in France during the French Revolution, mainly in the light opera, then is rather fast old-fashioned under the Empire. The rescue opera defines itself especially according to its literary characteristics. The notebook stages a hero or a group saved from the death or from the future against its desires after the injustice or the hostility persecuted him. The rescue arrives at the most critical moment. We wondered about the dramatic efficiency of the intrigues, music and directions were proposed in these creations. Our study works on the implemented dramatic energy in the rescue operas and especially on its grading according to the progress of the action. The term "dramatic energy" must be understood as the link between the construction of an opera and the emotion which this construction has to engender. This study on the dramatic energy justifies itself especially since this concept is in the center of the interest of a rescue opera for lack of the other notions as the virtuosity for example.

The interest in robots in the urban search and rescue (USAR) field has increased the last two decades. The idea is to let robots move into places where human rescue workers cannot or, due to high personal risks, should not enter.In this thesis project, an application is constructed with the purpose of teleoperating a simple robot. This application contains a user interface that utilizes both autonomous and semi-autonomous functions, such as search, explore and point-and-go behaviours. The purpose of the application is to work with USAR principles in a refined and simplified environment, and thereby increase the understanding for these principles and how they interact with each other. Furthermore, the thesis project reviews the recent and the current status of robots in USAR applications and use of teleoperation and semi-autonomous robots in general. Some conclusions that are drawn towards the end of the thesis are that the use of robots, especially in USAR situations, will continue to increase. As robots and support technology both become more advanced and cheaper by the day, teleoperation and semi-autonomous robots will also be seen in more and more places.

Title: First aid in drowning - knowledge and methodology of teaching pupils of the second grade of elementary school Objectives: The aim of this work is to determine the theoretical knowledge of first aid for drowning man of students in the second grade of elementary schools and to create a model lesson suitable for these students. Methods: In the theoretical part of thesis was used research of literature in the first aid and water rescue. The research was conducted by interviewing, the form of survey. Analysis method (Non-numerical one-dimensional analysis) was used for sorting the information which were obtained, synthesis metod was used in their summary. Results: The knowledge of pupils at our elementary schools, picked by us, about the safety rules of water behavior is sufficient. On the other hand, knowledge of specific first aid to drowning man is insufficient. In some cases, there were answers which had more than 90% success, but in the basic questions about behaviour in specific situations, almost 2/3 respondents answered badly. Keywords: First Aid, Water Rescue, Framework Educational Program.

The studies reported in this thesis describe the work done in the area of translation initiation where a previously unknown role of multiple copies of initiator tRNA in E. coli has been reported. Also the role of SsrA resume codon in resumption of translation, until not clearly known has been reported here. Chapter -1 discusses the relevant literature in understanding translation and initiator tRNA selection on the ribosome during initiation. It also discusses the literature pertaining to the aspect of release of stalled ribosomal complexes by SsrA. This is followed by the next chapter (chapter- 2) which discusses the materials and methods used throughout the study. Chapter- 3 describes the studies leading to the role of multiple copies of initiator tRNA in E. coli in governing the fidelity of initiator tRNA selection on the P site of the ribosome. This is followed by Chapter-4 which describes the role of the resume codon of the SsrA in governing the efficiency of trans-translation in releasing the stalled ribosomal complexes. The summaries of the chapters 3 and chapter 4 are briefly described below. i) Role of conserved 3GC base pairs of initiator tRNA in the initiator-elongator tRNA discrimination. Translation initiation is the first step in the very important and highly conserved biological process of protein biosynthesis. The process involves many steps, a wide array of protein factors at each specialized step and a large ribonucleoprotein particle; the ribosome to decode the information of the mRNA template into biologically active proteins. The process of initiation is still unclear largely due to fewer reports of available structural data. One of the very interesting questions that people have been trying to address is how the initiator tRNA is selected on the P- site of the ribosome and what is the importance of the conserved three GC base pairs in the anticodon stem of the initiator tRNA. Here in this study, I have studied this question by using the classical genetic technique of generating and characterizing the mutant initiator tRNA defective at the step of initiation. I have identified and analyzed the suppressors which are capable of rescuing this defect in initiation. The study involves two such E. coli suppressor strains (named D4 and D27). These suppressors can initiate translation from a reporter CAT mRNA with amber codon, independent of the presence of the three consecutive GC base pairs in the anticodon stem of initiator tRNAs. Mapping of the mutations revealed that the mutants are defective in expression of the tRNA1fMet (metZVW) gene locus which encodes the initiator tRNA. Both the suppressors (D4 and D27) also allow initiation with elongator tRNA species in E. coli. Taken together, the results show that E. coli when deficient in the initiator tRNA concentration can lead to initiation with elongator tRNA species. ii) The Role of SsrA/tmRNA in ribosome recycling and rescue. Occasionally during the process of translation, the ribosomes stall on the mRNA before the polypeptide synthesis is complete. This situation is detrimental to the organism because of the sequestration of the tRNAs as ‘peptidyl tRNAs’ and the ribosomes. In E. coli one of the pathways to rescue stalled ribosomes involves disassembly of these stalled complexes to release peptidyl tRNAs which are then recycled by peptidyl tRNA hydrolase (Pth), an essiential enzyme in E. coli. The other pathway which is not essential in E. coli but is conserved in all prokaryotes involves SsrA or tmRNA (transfer messenger RNA). The tmRNA is charged with alanine and recognizes the stalled ribosomal complexes and acts as tRNA to bind the A-site. It also functions as mRNA by adding a undecapeptide (which is actually a tag for degradation by cellular proteases) to the existing polypeptide and there is normal resumption of the translation. In most sequences of SsrA ORF, the first codon of the ORF, called as resume codon, is conserved. I wanted to understand the importance of the conservation of the resume codon. Towards this end I randomly mutated the resume codon and studied the effect of the altered resume codon in the rescue of stalled ribosomal complexes. The effect of over-expression of these mutants was investigated in the rescue of the Pthts defect since it is known that the overexpression of SsrA rescues the temperature sensitive phenotype of the Pthts strain and so causes less accumulation of peptidyl–tRNA in E. coli .The effect for these mutants has also been studied by the growth of hybrid λimmP22 phages. I also used AGA minigene system to study the effect of various mutants which has been shown to sequester tRNAArg (UCU) in the ribosomal P-site, translation of this minigene causes toxicity to E. coli. I have tried to study the effect of the SsrA mutants in rescue of toxicity caused by the minigene. Overall, the observations indicate that the conservation of the resume codon is important in E. coli and having mutated resume codon probably leads to deficient trans-translation during one or the other growth conditions.