¢Ûanufacturing industry is leaning toward globalization. After year 2000, traditional manufacturing industry has gained some experience toward foreign operations. Consequently, continual investment toward foreign subsidiaries should be studied carefully according to the following three methods: sole ownership, cooperative ownership while retaining control, and investment without majority control of the foreign subsidiary. Careful study of each method is required for multinational corporations in order to avoid wasting time and resource on management. Potential pitfalls include, but are not limited to, losing control of the foreign subsidiary, disagreements between shareholders, inappropriate levels of management. This study is an analysis and discussion of the three different methods. This study for the international netting manufacturer is focussing on ¡§Human Resource Management Utilizing Strategy and Control Model¡¨. This method should be helpful in watching over the operations of the foreign subsidiary. Furthermore, the purpose of this study is to help the business manager, who may be located at the headquarters, to manage the foreign subsidiary in a highly competitive and unpredictable global economy. ¡§Human Resource Management Utilizing Strategy and Control Model¡¨ will also help the manager at foreign subsidiary to evaluate production output, organizational behavior, and local hiring practices. One of the prerequisites for using ¡§Human Resource Management Utilizing Strategy and Control Model¡¨ is the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). Using the AHP as a tool to cross compare different key factors, the process will arrive at a conclusion for the most effective way to manage the foreign subsidiary. One of the outcomes from the AHP process is a map for the top manager at headquarters. The manager will need to keep the map in mind at all times and follow through in the office. Whenever AHP is used as part of the practice, the manager can effectively implement ¡§Human Resource Management Utilizing Strategy and Control Model¡¨. The study arrives at the conclusion that global economy is an unstoppable future trend. Formulating a simple management system for multinational corporations can be beneficial for the netting manufacturer. With the simplified management system, distance, cultural, and language barriers can be overcome. With AHP process, a complex problem can be reduced systematically into solvable simple problems. The management system is flexible enough, that the managers using the system can redefine and synthesize new definitions to suit the particular business. Using top-down approach, if both headquarters and foreign subsidiaries use the same ¡§Human Resource Management Utilizing Strategy and Control Model¡¨ thoroughly, the multinational corporation can be come more competitive in all aspects.

<p>This thesis studies computational interpretations of the intuitionistic sequent<br />calculus with implicit and explicit structural rules, with focus on the systems<br />with intersection types. The contributions of the thesis are grouped into three<br />parts. In the first part intersection types are introduced into the lambda<br />Gentzen calculus. The second part presents an extension of the lambda<br />Gentzen calculus to a term calculus with resource control, i.e. with explicit<br />operators for contraction and weakening, and apropriate intersection type<br />assignment system which characterises strong normalisation in the proposed<br />calculus. In the third part both previously studied calculi are integrated into<br />one framework by introducing the notion of the resource control cube.</p> / <p>Ова дисертација се бави рачунским интерпретацијама<br />интуиционистичког секвентног рачуна са имплицитним и експлицитним<br />структурним правилима, са фокусом на типске системе са пресеком.<br />Оригинални резултати тезе су груписани у три целине. У првом делу су<br />типови са пресеком уведени у lambda Gentzen рачун. Други део<br />представља проширење lambda Gentzen рачуна на формални рачун са<br />контролом ресурса, тј. са експлицитним операторима контракције и<br />слабљења, као и одговарајући типски систем са пресеком који<br />карактерише јаку нормализацију у уведеном рачуну. У трећем делу оба<br />рачуна су интегрисана у заједнички оквир увођењем структуре resource<br />control cube.</p> / <p>Ova disertacija se bavi računskim interpretacijama<br />intuicionističkog sekventnog računa sa implicitnim i eksplicitnim<br />strukturnim pravilima, sa fokusom na tipske sisteme sa presekom.<br />Originalni rezultati teze su grupisani u tri celine. U prvom delu su<br />tipovi sa presekom uvedeni u lambda Gentzen račun. Drugi deo<br />predstavlja proširenje lambda Gentzen računa na formalni račun sa<br />kontrolom resursa, tj. sa eksplicitnim operatorima kontrakcije i<br />slabljenja, kao i odgovarajući tipski sistem sa presekom koji<br />karakteriše jaku normalizaciju u uvedenom računu. U trećem delu oba<br />računa su integrisana u zajednički okvir uvođenjem strukture resource<br />control cube.</p>

<p>The goal of this study is to examine the environmental impacts of oil and gas exploration and production (E&P), the roles of legislation, and the environmental management strategies in the petroleum industry with respect to the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The study seeks to suggest sustainable solutions to the endemic economic, social, and environmental problems associated with oil and gas E&P in the region. The focus is on the environmental control in the upstream (E&P) operations of the oil and gas industry as it affects the Niger Delta region of Nigeria with a view to proffering sustainable solutions.</p><p>The heavily polluting activities and environmental impacts of the upstream oil and gas operations in the Niger Delta have over the years taken a routine dimension and are endemic as a result of inadequate environmental legislations and ineffective enforcements. Sequel to these environmental impacts is militancy, adoption of expatriates, communal conflicts, inter-ethnic conflicts, human right abuses, restiveness and other social vices as the study reveals. These social and environmental impacts of oil and gas activities in this region bring impoverishment, abject poverty, hunger, squalor, birth disease, gene mutation, and death while exposing inhabitants of the region to afflictions and diseases as the study explicitly documents.</p><p>The study also reveals that the persistence rate of unrest, restiveness, militancy and other social vices is as a result of non-dialogue status between the different stakeholders, lack of infrastructural development, lack of basic amenities, high rate of unemployment, poor policy construct, federalized mineral right / resource ownership structure, and the monopolistic nature of Nigeria’s foreign exchange earning in petroleum resources.</p><p>In this dissertation, both proactive and corrective measures to curb the menace of the social, economic and environmental impacts of oil and gas exploration & production operations in Nigeria are presented and discussed with suggestions to sustainable solution and development, better environmental legislation, and better resource policy construct while advocating for good industrial practices in the petroleum industry with emphasis on the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.</p>

The goal of this study is to examine the environmental impacts of oil and gas exploration and production (E&amp;P), the roles of legislation, and the environmental management strategies in the petroleum industry with respect to the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The study seeks to suggest sustainable solutions to the endemic economic, social, and environmental problems associated with oil and gas E&amp;P in the region. The focus is on the environmental control in the upstream (E&amp;P) operations of the oil and gas industry as it affects the Niger Delta region of Nigeria with a view to proffering sustainable solutions. The heavily polluting activities and environmental impacts of the upstream oil and gas operations in the Niger Delta have over the years taken a routine dimension and are endemic as a result of inadequate environmental legislations and ineffective enforcements. Sequel to these environmental impacts is militancy, adoption of expatriates, communal conflicts, inter-ethnic conflicts, human right abuses, restiveness and other social vices as the study reveals. These social and environmental impacts of oil and gas activities in this region bring impoverishment, abject poverty, hunger, squalor, birth disease, gene mutation, and death while exposing inhabitants of the region to afflictions and diseases as the study explicitly documents. The study also reveals that the persistence rate of unrest, restiveness, militancy and other social vices is as a result of non-dialogue status between the different stakeholders, lack of infrastructural development, lack of basic amenities, high rate of unemployment, poor policy construct, federalized mineral right / resource ownership structure, and the monopolistic nature of Nigeria’s foreign exchange earning in petroleum resources. In this dissertation, both proactive and corrective measures to curb the menace of the social, economic and environmental impacts of oil and gas exploration &amp; production operations in Nigeria are presented and discussed with suggestions to sustainable solution and development, better environmental legislation, and better resource policy construct while advocating for good industrial practices in the petroleum industry with emphasis on the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:47:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Giovanni Ribeiro Loiola.pdf: 928388 bytes, checksum: 78051849b34ce27fbc12468e5563d739 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Heteragrion consors Selys (Odonata: Megapodagrionidae) é uma espécie de libélula que habita riachos em matas fechadas. Machos permanecem pousados em poleiros as margens de córregos, enquanto fêmeas adquirem parceiros e visitam locais de oviposição. A variação diária da abundância de machos e da temperatura ambiental, o orçamento temporal dos machos; o comportamento reprodutivo e sistema de acasalamento da espécie, a distribuição espacial dos machos e hipóteses de que o comportamento (pousado inerte, pousado flexionando o abdômen, voo de deslocamento, voo de forrageio e voo agonístico) e tamanho corporal dos machos afetam a permanência e mobilidade em poleiros preferenciais e determinam estratégias territoriais distintas foram investigadas. Para alcance dos objetivos, incluindo testes de hipótese, uma população de H. consors foi monitorada por 40 dias na Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, Espírito Santo, registrando-se o comportamento de 152 indivíduos, localização no ambiente e tomando-se medidas corporais de 63 indivíduos. A espécie apresenta tolerância térmica limitada a alta incidência de radiação solar e recorre a poleiros sombreados nos horários mais quentes do dia, evitando o aquecimento corporal excessivo. Analisando-se 35 horas de amostragem comportamental, machos permanecem pousados e inertes a maior parte do tempo ( x =98,17%, DP= ± 7,58%), utilizando o mesmo poleiro por vários dias consecutivos ( x =4,06 dias; DP= ± 4,08; amplitude=1-20 dias), raramente realizando voos de deslocamento ( x =0,16%; DP= ± 0,85%), forrageio ( x =0,58%; DP= ± 1,06%) e agonístico ( x =0,34%; DP= ± 2,48%); ou acasalamentos (0,4 acasalamentos/dia). O macho permanece em contato com a fêmea em tandem précopulatório ( x =4,55 minutos; DP= ± 5,13; n=27,3 minutos), cópula ( x =15,98 minutos; DP= ± 7,13; n=79,9 minutos) e guarda pós-copulatória com contato ( x =10,07 minutos; DP= ± 7,8; n=40,3 minutos) de longa duração, evitando a perda do sucesso reprodutivo e competição espermática com rivais. As características comportamentais investigadas e o tamanho corporal não exerceram influência sobre a capacidade de monopolização de pontos específicos no ambiente, embora machos com tamanho corporal menor frequentem poleiros mais altos (r=-0,3; P=0,01; n=135). Não foi possível dissociar diferentes estratégias territoriais com base nas características comportamentais investigadas e tamanho corporal dos machos, mas conflitos aéreos e permanência no mesmo poleiro por vários dias podem significar territorialidade. A seleção sexual (intrasexual e intersexual) aparentemente opera em intensidade baixa na espécie, que apresenta baixo grau de dimorfismo sexual. O sistema de acasalamento não se baseia na monopolização de recursos pelos machos, consistindo em um sistema de acasalamento por encontro limitado, com encontros raríssimos entre machos e fêmeas e disponibilidade abundante de locais oviposição. O impacto da longevidade dos machos sobre o sucesso reprodutivo merece investigação futura, pois tende a ser característica influente na aquisição de parceiras, havendo maior vantagem para machos que vivam mais e explorem maior número de eventos reprodutivos extremamente raros. A abundância de fêmeas, gordura e simetria corporal dos machos, características do substrato submerso nos segmentos com poleiros e a velocidade da corrente hídrica também são variáveis que podem definir a permanência dos machos em um mesmo poleiro e a visitação de fêmeas, merecendo também futuras pesquisas / Heteragrion Consors Selys (Odonata: Megapodagrionidae) is a species of dragonfly inhabits streams in dense forests. Males remain resting perches on the banks of streams, while females acquire partner and visit places of oviposition. The daily variation of the abundance of males and ambient temperature, the time budget of males, the reproductive behavior and mating system of the species, the spatial distribution of males and assumptions that behavior (perching inert, perching flexing the abdomen, transition flight, foraging flight and agonistic flight) and body size of males affect retention and mobility in preferred roosts and determine distinct territorial strategies were investigated. To achieve these goals, including hypothesis tests, a population of H. Consors was monitored for 40 days in Duas Bocas Biological Reserve, Espírito Santo, southeastern region of Brazil, registering the behavior of 152 individuals, location in the environment and taking body measurements of 63 individuals. The species has a limited thermal tolerance to high incidence of solar radiation and uses shaded perches in the hottest times of the day, avoiding excessive body heat. Analyzing the 35 hours of sampling behavioral male inert and remain resting most of the time ( x =98.17%, SD= ± 7.58%), using the same perch for several consecutive days ( x =4.06 days; SD= ± 4.08; range=1-20 days), rarely performing transition flights ( x =0.16%, SD= ± 0.85%), foraging flights ( x =0.58%, SD= ± 1,06%) and agonistic flights ( x =0.34%, SD= ± 2.48%), or mating (0.4 matings/day). The male remains in contact with the female pre-copulatory tandem ( x =4.55 minutes, SD= ± 5.13, n=27.3 minutes), copulation ( x =15.98 minutes, SD= ± 7.13, n=79.9 minutes) and contact post-copulatory guarding ( x =10.07 minutes, SD= ± 7.8, n=40.3 minutes) of long duration, avoiding the loss of reproductive success and sperm competition with rivals. Behavioral characteristics investigated and body size had no influence on the ability to monopolization of specific points in the environment, although males with smaller body size perches attend higher (r=-0.3, P=0.01, n=135). It was not possible to separate different spatial strategies based on behavioral characteristics investigated and body size of males, but air conflicts and stay on the same perch for several days can mean territoriality. Sexual selection (intrasexual and intersexual) apparently operates at low intensity in the species, which has a low degree of sexual dimorphism. The mating system is not based on the monopolization of resources by males, consisting of an encounter-limited mating system, with rare encounters between males and females and abundant availability of oviposition sites. The impact on the longevity of male reproductive success deserves further investigation, because it tends to be characteristic influential in acquiring partner, with greater advantage for males to live longer and explore more reproductive events extremely rare. The abundance of females, fat and body symmetry in males, characteristics of the substrate submerged in segments with perches and speed of the water current are also variables that can determine the permanence of males in the same perch and visitation of females, also deserves further research

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