Cette recherche propose de rendre compte de l'invention des Appalaches en tant que région « étrange et particulière ». Les écrivains « couleur locale » du dix-neuvième siècle ont contribué à ancrer dans la conscience nationale l'image oxymorique de l'Appalachien à la fois bon sauvage, mais surtout hillbilly dégénéré. A partir de l'entre-deux-guerres, puis à la fin des années 60 lors de la « Renaissance Appalachienne », des écrivains autochtones, parmi lesquels Mary Lee Settle, Lee Smith, Denise Giardina, se sont dressés pour réfuter cette identité prescrite. Ces trois voix singulières sont celles de femmes rebelles liées par un même combat : dans une démarche de type postcolonial, elles ont revisité l'histoire régionale afin de faire voler en éclats un siècle de représentations essentialistes et de dénoncer la destruction environnementale infligée aux montagnes appalachiennes par l'industrie houillère / The aim of this research is to look into the invention of Appalachia as a « strange and peculiar » region. Nineteenth-century « local color » writers contributed to etching the oxymoronic image of the Appalachian as – the good savage, but mostly as the degenerate hillbilly – in the national consciousness. Starting in the interwar period, then in the late 1960s during the « Appalachian Renaissance », native writers rose up to reject this prescribed identity, among whom Mary Lee Settle, Lee Smith and Denise Giardina. These three singular voices belong to rebel women united in a common fight: using a postcolonial approach, they have revisited the regional history to shatter century-old essentialist representations and to denounce the MTR devastation caused by the coalmining industry in the Appalachian Mountains

Néstor Perlongher (1949 Buenos Aires - 1992 Sao Paulo) est l'auteur d'une oeuvre poétique aussi impressionnante par ses thèmes que par son style. Sa poétique est fondée sur des opérations linguistiques variées tels qu'une mixité des niveaux de langue, l'utilisation des jargons et des argots régionaux, l'exaltation du pouvoir suggestif du son, la prolifération des références ambiguës dans le cadre d'une esthétique néobaroque, entre autres. Nous estimons que son oeuvre constitue un des travaux les plus intéressants dans le domaine de l'écriture néo-baroque argentine, tant par la radicalité de son travail avec la matérialité du signe linguistique que par la construction d'une poétique qu'actualise les valeurs esthétiques néo-baroques en les combinant avec des faits historiques et épiques. Cette étude propose de lire l'oeuvre de Néstor Perlongher à la lumière des concepts théoriques en provenance du néo-baroque cubain, ainsi que des ouvrages issus de philosophes poststructuralistes. L'analyse de cette problématique sera faite moyennant l'identification et la description des opérations symboliques et sémantiques que constitue le processus d'artificialisation de l'énoncé et qui finalement permettent l'inscription de ces oeuvres dans le style « néobarroso ». / Néstor Perlongher (1949 Buenos Aires - Sao Paulo in 1992) is the author of a work of impressive themes and tones. His poetry is based on various linguistic operations such as mixing levels of language, the use of jargon and regional slang, the exaltation of the suggestive power of sound, the proliferation of ambiguous references in the context of an aesthetic Neo-Baroque, among others. We believe that his writing is one of the most interesting work in the field of literature Argentine neo-baroque, considering that his work is radical to the materiality of the linguistic sign and build a vision that combines neo-baroque aesthetics with historical facts. This study proposes to read the work of Nestor Perlongher in the light of the theoretical concepts of the Cuban neo-baroque and post-structuralist philosophers. The analysis of this issue is made through the identification and description of the symbolic and semantic operations of artificiality process that allows the inclusion of these works in the style "neobarroso".

History, both collective and personal, often provides a stimulus for Southern poets and is useful in bridging the gap between the writers' personal memories and associations and those of the reading audience. The critical introduction to this collection explores connections between personal and shared history in the works of Natasha Trethewey, Betty Adcock, and Kathryn Stripling Byer. These poets convey their own connections to the past through reacting to historical photographs, relaying their own experiences during natural disasters, and setting private incidents within their larger historical contexts. These poets also suggest that time is concentric and malleable, and that history is essentially changed through its retelling. Poems offer a chance to rewrite one's own history. In the final section, I show that historical connections are treated similarly in my own work and that, through making associations with history, my poems also attempt to rewrite the past.

L’exode rural des Maori suivant la seconde guerre mondiale a bouleversé le paysage socioculturel néo-zélandais. Cette thèse explore une de ses conséquences directes : l’émergence de gangs maori comme tentative de re-territorialisation de l’espace environnant dans une logique de différentiation par rapport à l’ordre établi. La rupture avec la ville européenne et les traditions ancestrales maori s’imposait. Le gang dit « maori » ne pouvait, et ne peut plus, dès lors être pensé dans le prolongement du tribalisme et du bellicisme maori pré-colonial, analyse figeant le Maori dans des considérations essentialistes. Cette thèse présente le gang maori comme un produit historique contingent et vise, sans cautionner l’approche essentialiste, à déterminer les effets de cette posture analytique sur les pratiques quotidiennes du membre de gang, ainsi que ses rapports au public.Les gangs, qui souhaitaient inventer un espace qui leur était propre, finirent par admettre leur héritage maori, si bien que les membres allaient non seulement réécrire l’histoire de leur organisation en lui trouvant d’autres origines, mais aussi celle du passé maori pré-colonial en y introduisant des éléments propres au gang de rue contemporain / The Maori urban drift after the Second World War has deeply altered New Zealand’s sociocultural landscape. This thesis explores one of its direct aftermath: the emergence of Maori gangs as an attempt to reterritorialise the surrounding space in a logic of differen-tiation from the established order. Therefore, breaking off with the European city and Maori ancestral traditions was required. In this respect, so called “Maori” gangs could and can no longer be thought as the extension of Maori tribalism and precolonial belli-cism. This type of analysis freezes the Maori into essentialist considerations. This thesis introduces the Maori gang in its historical contingent dimension and aims – without sup-porting the essentialist approach – at pinpointing its very effects on gang members’ daily practices and also on their relationship with wider society.The same gangs that wanted to create their own space ended up acknowledging their Maori heritage. As a result, the members were not only to rewrite the history of their or-ganisation, as they found out other origins, but also precontact Maori history as they in-troduced elements that are typical of contemporary street gangs

Esta tese estuda a obra do escritor Thomas Bernhard, especialmente a partir de dois de seus romances, a saber Holzfällen. Eine Erregung (1984) e Auslöschung. Ein Zerfall. (1986). Pela mediação entre forma literária e forma social, pretende-se desvendar dinâmicas históricas inscritas na forma literária elaborada pelo escritor austríaco. Por um lado, o autor busca \"politizar a estética\" por meio de uma estética da provocação formal, com o que cita diretamente a sociedade e quebra as fronteiras bem delimitadas entre ficção e realidade. Por outro lado, dadas as condições históricas específicas da Áustria após a Segunda Guerra, e apoiando-se na formulação adorniana da arte como historiografia inconsciente de nosso tempo, Bernhard cria uma obra que procura ler a contrapelo (Benjamin) e atualizar esta rica tradição num momento propício, culminando em sua obra dos anos 80. / The present dissertation is a study of the work of Thomas Bernhard, based mainly in two of his novels, Holzfällen. Eine Erregung (1984), and Auslöschung. Ein Zerfall (1986). The intention is to uncover the historical dynamics inscribed in the literary form developed by the Austrian author through the mediation between literary and social form. On the one hand, Bernhard seeks to \"politicize the esthetics\", making use of an esthetics of formal provocation that makes direct references to real people of the Austrian society, effacing the sharp distinction between fiction and reality. On the other hand, in the specific context of the historical condition of Austria after the Second World War and based on Adorno\'s concept of art as the unconscious historiography of our time, Bernhard writings seek to renew this rich tradition in a way that is opposed to the traditionally accepted one (Benjamin) and to bring it up-to-date in a propicious context. The higher point of this achievement is the work he produced during the decade of 1980.

Esta tese estuda a obra do escritor Thomas Bernhard, especialmente a partir de dois de seus romances, a saber Holzfällen. Eine Erregung (1984) e Auslöschung. Ein Zerfall. (1986). Pela mediação entre forma literária e forma social, pretende-se desvendar dinâmicas históricas inscritas na forma literária elaborada pelo escritor austríaco. Por um lado, o autor busca \"politizar a estética\" por meio de uma estética da provocação formal, com o que cita diretamente a sociedade e quebra as fronteiras bem delimitadas entre ficção e realidade. Por outro lado, dadas as condições históricas específicas da Áustria após a Segunda Guerra, e apoiando-se na formulação adorniana da arte como historiografia inconsciente de nosso tempo, Bernhard cria uma obra que procura ler a contrapelo (Benjamin) e atualizar esta rica tradição num momento propício, culminando em sua obra dos anos 80. / The present dissertation is a study of the work of Thomas Bernhard, based mainly in two of his novels, Holzfällen. Eine Erregung (1984), and Auslöschung. Ein Zerfall (1986). The intention is to uncover the historical dynamics inscribed in the literary form developed by the Austrian author through the mediation between literary and social form. On the one hand, Bernhard seeks to \"politicize the esthetics\", making use of an esthetics of formal provocation that makes direct references to real people of the Austrian society, effacing the sharp distinction between fiction and reality. On the other hand, in the specific context of the historical condition of Austria after the Second World War and based on Adorno\'s concept of art as the unconscious historiography of our time, Bernhard writings seek to renew this rich tradition in a way that is opposed to the traditionally accepted one (Benjamin) and to bring it up-to-date in a propicious context. The higher point of this achievement is the work he produced during the decade of 1980.