This research evaluates the effectiveness of a concentrated, buffered vinegar product (CBV) and a simple buffered vinegar product (BV) for controlling Clostridium perfringens outgrowth during extended cooling times of ready-to-eat roast turkey and roast beef respectively. Whole turkey breasts and beef inside rounds were injected with a typical brine, then ground and mixed with CBV (0.0, 2.01, 2.70 and 3.30% wt/wt) or BV (0.0, 1.75, 2.25, and 3.75% wt/wt) and a three-strain C. perfringens spore cocktail to a detectable level of ca. 2-3 log CFU/g. The meat was divided into 10g portions and vacuum packaged and stored frozen until tested. The meat was cooked in a programmable water bath to 71.6°C (160.8°F) in 5 hours. The meat was then cooled exponentially with the times between 48.9°C and 12.8°C (120°F and 55°F) lasting 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 hours for the five different cooling treatments. The cooling continued until the temperature reached 4.4°C (40°F). C. perfringens counts were taken at 54.4°C (130°F) and 4.4°C (40°F). At a 2.01% concentration, CBV effectively limited C. perfringens growth to 1-log or less up to a 9-hour cooling treatment, while 2.70 and 3.30% concentrations were effective up to the 18 hour cooling treatment. BV had an inhibitory effect on C. perfringens outgrowth in roast beef, but did not limit growth to 1-log or less at any concentration tested for any of the cooling treatments.

Every fall, Eduardo Zayas-Bazán, a native of Cuba who was a veteran of the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion and who taught Spanish at East Tennessee State University for over 30 years, hosts a Cuban-style pig roast in Tennessee for family and friends. "Among my fondest memories are the pig roasts we had in Cuba on special occasions," said Zayas-Bazán, who marinates his pigs in grapefruit juice mixed with garlic and oregano, and cooks them in a contraption that he says "looks like a shoe box with a grill inside."" With the annual pig roast as context, the film tells the story of Zayas-Bazán's life, both in Cuba and the U.S. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1098/thumbnail.jpg

Potential new ore deposits containing significant levels of enargite, a copper arsenic sulphide mineral, are being considered for development. The processing of high arsenic copper concentrates directly in copper smelters is difficult due to environmental concerns. This thesis investigates a process using sulphation roasting as an alternative method for processing enargite concentrates; copper is recovered from the calcine by acid leaching, gold is extracted from the leach residue by conventional cyanidation and arsenic is either fixed in the calcine or precipitated from process emissions. In this research, sulphation roasting between the temperatures of 300-800oC, with varying oxygen and sulphur dioxide partial pressures, was investigated. Experiments indicated that high levels of copper extraction, as well as arsenic fixation, could be achieved from the produced calcines through hydrometallurgical processes. At operating temperatures between 400-550oC copper sulphate, copper arsenate, iron sulphate, hematite and iron arsenate form in the calcine, as well as some arsenic being volatilized as arsenic trioxide. At processing temperatures between 475-575oC, greater than 80% of the arsenic was retained in the calcine as copper and iron arsenates. Copper arsenate would be weak-acid soluble and fixed in an effluent treatment plant along with arsenic captured in the wet-gas scrubber bleed solution. As operating temperatures increase above 650oC copper sulphates were converted into oxysulphates, oxides and ferrites, hematite production was favoured, and arsenic was primarily volatilized. Increasing the sulphur dioxide addition in the reaction atmosphere resulted in additional sulphate formation and increased sulphate stability at higher temperatures. Sulphation roaster heat balances were developed for calcines produced at two temperatures, 500 and 750oC. They indicated that while high copper extraction and arsenic fixation rates could be achieved, the sulphation roasting reactions are highly exothermic and significant cooling water would need to be added. Due to these issues, it is likely that partial roasting operations would be economically favourable in greenfield operations. However, niche applications of this process in operations with existing copper SX/EW facilities in good acid markets, have the potential to be economically favourable. / Thesis (Master, Mining Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2012-08-17 20:14:36.292

Denna uppsats använder en kvalitativ analys för att undersöka delar av anföranden i roastprogram framförda av ståuppkomikerna Fredrik Andersson, Messiah Hallberg och NikkiGlaser. Syftet med uppsatsen är att med hjälp av humorteori och forskning förstå hur hemskafenomen kan bli roliga i roast-sammanhang och vilka tekniker som kan nyttjas för att lyckasmed anföranden i roast. Uppsatsen visar på att humor är ett komplext och svårfångat fenomensom bygger mycket på tvetydighet och oväntade vändningar av perspektiv, ofta är skrattet enreaktion på något plötsligt orimligt eller olämpligt. Humorn har flertalet funktioner,exempelvis kan den vara socialt meningsskapande, gruppstärkande, terapeutisk eller ett sättatt utforska världen och nya möjligheter. Analysen visar att hemska fenomen kan bli roliganär de behandlas lekfullt i en kontext som är begränsad i tid och rum, och för att något skauppfattas som roligt behöver publiken genom leksignalering förstå att det rör sig om en lek.Analysen kommer fram till att användningen av absurditet kanske är den mest framträdandeleksignaleringen, samtidigt som den är en av de effektivaste humorteknikerna

Three dried cricket products – Oven-roasted Cricket Meal (ORCM), Oven-roasted Cricket Powder (ORCP), and Spray-dried Cricket Powder (SDCP) – were prepared and compared to assess their relative nutritional, functional, and sensory properties. The range of particle sizes in SDCP was wider than that of ORCP; while SDCP had more particles in the 7.78-22.0 µm range, it also had more particles in the 176-498 µm range, which contributed to differences in functional and sensory properties. ORCM and SDCP meet the FDA definition of an "excellent source" of vitamin B2, ORCP is a "good source" of vitamin B2, and all three products are an "excellent source" of vitamin B12 and vitamin E at a serving size of 100 g. The addition of ORCP to a protein drink at 30% did not significantly affect its sensory acceptance, while the drink prepared with SDCP was rated significantly worse in every attribute, and the drink prepared with ORCM had varied effects on the different sensory attributes.

The study provides a theoretical account for the representation of apartheid in South African fiction. Narrative strategies employed in the post-apartheid novels The innocence of roast chicken (Richards, 1996), The smell of apples (Behr, 1996), All we have left unsaid (Case, 2006) and Thirteen cents (Duiker, 2011) reveal that depictions of the past contribute to narrative structure and the production of meaning. Genettean temporal relations, namely narrative order, duration and frequency are a systematic method to analyse the selected novels, since it enables a contrast between the narrative past as the histoire, and the narrative present as the récit. Retrospective events are constructed as memories, thereby are complemented by Bergson’s psychological and philosophical theory in the analysis and interpretation of the dualistic interaction between the apartheid and post-apartheid temporal centres adopted within the novels. The representation of apartheid may be seen as sub-themes and time as configurations of temporal zones. / Afrikaans & Theory of Literature / M.A. (Theory of Literature)

The study provides a theoretical account for the representation of apartheid in South African fiction. Narrative strategies employed in the post-apartheid novels The innocence of roast chicken (Richards, 1996), The smell of apples (Behr, 1996), All we have left unsaid (Case, 2006) and Thirteen cents (Duiker, 2011) reveal that depictions of the past contribute to narrative structure and the production of meaning. Genettean temporal relations, namely narrative order, duration and frequency are a systematic method to analyse the selected novels, since it enables a contrast between the narrative past as the histoire, and the narrative present as the récit. Retrospective events are constructed as memories, thereby are complemented by Bergson’s psychological and philosophical theory in the analysis and interpretation of the dualistic interaction between the apartheid and post-apartheid temporal centres adopted within the novels. The representation of apartheid may be seen as sub-themes and time as configurations of temporal zones. / Afrikaans and Theory of Literature / M. A. (Theory of Literature)