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The thesis is focused on the finds of glass and faience which are to be found in the form of beads and pendants, vessels, inlays, game pieces, bracelets and a "window" in the bottom of a ceramic urn. The most common are glass and faience beads. Their occurrence increases in the Late Roman Period substantially when new ornament styles come into being as well. Because of the predominant cremation rite, the knowledge is limited for the poor condition as a large amount of glass artefacts was deformed. In view of the fact that the majority of the beads originates from the classical antiquity world, they represent a vast number of imported goods, which may have been traded in Barbaricum as well. The long necklaces reflect obviously the higher social status of buried women. Nevertheless, the same statement cannot be considered to be applicable for lower numbers of beads in graves. Even some male graves with beads are known. The elite milieus are indicated also by the glass vessels, rather rare in the Roman Period Bohemia, the inlays on brooches or rings, as well as the game pieces. The Roman glass bracelets represent a rare sort of artefacts in Barbaricum. It is also possible to encounter some residues of the Iron Age glass, mostly on the settlements. Keywords glass - faience - Roman Period - imports - Bohemia

This thesis investigates the role which Roman artefacts played within rural settlements in North Britain during the Romano-British period. The possibility that Roman artefacts were used by native Britons as markers of prestige is explored through the presence or absence of Roman artefact types. The more prestigious the occupants of the rural settlements were, the more likely they were to have access to a variety of exotic trade items. The methodology employed in this study has been adapted from previous studies on pottery types and settlement remains from Scotland. This thesis examines an area that centres on Hadrian's Wall, which at various times in its history acted as the frontier for the Roman Empire, as well as being a staging post for troops and a means of controlling the local population's movement. The study region includes land up to 50 kilometres either side of Hadrian's Wall, and examines rural settlements located within one or two days travel from the Wall. The excavation reports of rural settlements were examined, and include settlement types such as homesteads, hillforts and villas. From these sites, Roman artefact types were quantified and used to generate data for analysis. The results agree with the hypothesis that social hierarchy can be detected through the comparative presence or absence of Roman artefact types. It is also apparent that the settlements on either side of Hadrian's Wall, and either side of the Pennines mountain chain, were not part of a simple, homogenous culture. This thesis begins with an outline of the geographic and environmental nature of the region (Chapter 2), and an examination of settlement and society in North Britain during the preceding Bronze and Iron Ages (Chapter 3). An essay on Romano-British society and settlement is included (Chapter 4), and is followed by a brief discussion of post- Roman Britain (Chapter 5). Following an outline of the methodology used (Chapter 6), the results of analysis are presented in detail (Chapter 7). The Discussion chapter explores how the results of analysis meet existing theories of rural settlement and society, and compares North Britain with continental data from Germany and North Gaul (Chapter 8).

This work is focused on roman imports in Central Bohemia from 1st to 4th century A.D. My aim is to pay attention on findings of roman - provincial origin, which are published in a literature, the second aim is to sort these objects on a specific types and determine their inclusion on a timeline of archaeological absolute or relative chronology. This knowledge is very important to say what their importance was and which role they played in our history in Central Bohemia. It is clear that Central Bohemia had different position in some phases of a roman period. The study of imports also produce a knowledge about the importance of imported subjects from roman provinces for our society in roman period and about influences, that had many impacts on this society and her nature. Keywords Import, Central Bohemia, barbaricum, roman provinces, roman period

This thesis deals with the settlement archeology of the Roman period in Bohemia and summarizes the findings of the Beroun settlement in this period. The work is mainly focused on processing and evaluation of archaeological research at the site Beroun - Plzeňské Předměstí, which were carried out by P. Břicháček, P. Charvát and V. Matoušek in years 1979-1981. There were unearthed settlements from the early Roman period with above ground and sunken objects. The main attention was paid to the recessed huts. The ceramic material and chronologically sensitive (metal, bone and antler) items were assessed with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The work also includes a brief description of other objects and their mutual relationships. At the conclusion of the work there is presented the importance of the settlement for Beroun area in Roman period.

This dissertation evaluates Germanic fibulae of the Early Roman Period found in the area of Bohemia. The catalogue mainly consists of ca. 740 already published brooches. For the purpose of this dissertation, many of them have been newly documented as well as some so far unpublished finds which are introduced in the appendix of the dissertation. The dissertation sums up our present knowledge of particular types and variations of fibulae and makes their chronology more accurate - based on various combinations of brooches occurring in graves. Alternatively it deals with their connection to certain sex, age and social status. The most common type of brooches is by far the group of the eye-brooches (ca. 300pcs). Regarding the dating, the author managed to cast doubt upon information about some of the brooches found in the literature. The analysis has proven a long survival of some types of fibulae. Key words: brooches - fibulae - Early Roman Period - Germans - Chronology

This study investigates the relationship between the ancient settlements in west Anatolia and physical, environmental parameters including topography, rock and morphological classes. Modern settlements are also included in the study to analyze if the response has changed to these parameters from past to the present. The databases created in the study include three topographic attributes (elevation, slope and aspect), rock type, ancient settlements and modern settlements. Analyses performed in the study involve distance and density analyses, morphological analysis / distribution within the rock types both for ancient and modern settlements. The results of the study demonstrated that 1) the active faults produced attractive topography to settle, 2) people preferred the vicinity of the fault line as settlement location, and 3) they were not aware of the earthquake potential of their location. Therefore, because of the advantage of the location they did not consider to change the place as indicated by rebuilding their settlement repeatedly at the same place after it is damaged.

Cette nouvelle étude des monuments funéraires de Gaule romaine a pour but de mettre en évidence les différents procédés employés par les populations antiques pour perpétuer la mémoire de leurs morts. Que ce soit à travers l’image sculptée ou par le texte, le rappel du nom, de l’identité du défunt et des éléments propres à son quotidien étaient autant de moyens adoptés afin de garder vivace son souvenir dans le monde des vivants. L’espace géographique choisi est circonscrit à trois cités antiques, celles des Éduens, des Lingons et des Séquanes. Proches géographiquement et culturellement, ces territoires présentent en effet durant l’Antiquité des traditions funéraires similaires. Quant au cadre chronologique, il est restreint au Haut-Empire, soit du Ier au IIIe siècle ap. J.-C. À travers une analyse épigraphique et iconographique des monuments en pierre est posée la question des choix sépulcraux faits par les commanditaires. En effet, les modes de représentation divergent selon différents critères et modifient donc considérablement l'aspect et la forme des tombeaux. Ces derniers dénotent-ils des pratiques spécifiques à une cité ou à un groupe social ? De la même manière, les formulaires épigraphiques se trouvent adaptés aux informations que le commanditaire souhaite transmettre.Par des comparaisons typologiques, stylistiques et textuelles avec des monuments issus des territoires de Gaule et d’Italie, ce travail cherche à analyser les pratiques commémoratives spécifiques à des populations indigènes romanisées du Nord-est de la Gaule.À travers l’étude d’un corpus provincial, cette thèse vient ainsi compléter les différentes recherches portant sur l’art sépulcral romain. / This new study of funerary monuments in Roman Gaul aims at putting emphasis on the various tools used by the ancient populations to perpetuate the memories of their dead. Thanks to carved images or texts, the mention of the name, of the identity of the deceased and of specific aspects of his everyday life were some of the means used to keep his memory alive in the world of the living. The geographical area chosen corresponds to three ancient territories : thoose of the Aeduens, the Lingons and the Sequans. Geographically and culturally close, these territories show indeed the same funeral traditions in ancient times. As for the chronological frame, it is limited to the Early Roman Empire, from the 1st to the 3rd centuries. Thanks to an epigraphic and iconographic analysis of the stone monuments, the question of the funeral choices made by the person who commisioned the tom bis raised. Indeed, the ways of evocation diverge according to different criteria, thus implying significant changes in the aspect and the shape of graves. Do the latter denote practices specific to a city or a social group ? In the same way, the epigraphic applications are suitable to the information that the dead wishes to convey.The typological, stylistic and textual comparisons made with orther monuments from Gaul and Italy enable to analyse the particular commemorative practices of indigenous romanised populations from north-eastern Gaul.Through the study of a provincial corpus, this thesis completes the various researches dealing with Roman funeral art.

Les données paléoparasitologiques pour l’époque romaine sont nombreuses, mais souvent diluéesdans des rapports, des monographies ou des articles scientifiques. La première partie de ma thèsevise à rassembler ces informations, et présente une synthèse des données disponibles pour l'époqueromaine (27 av. - 476 ap. J.-C.). Dans cette perspective, une approche pathographique des maladiesparasitaires a été réalisée, et une liste des parasites connus dans l'Antiquité a pu être réalisée. Nousavons également complété ces données grâce à l’étude de onze nouveaux sites archéologiques.L’ensemble des résultats a été intégré dans une base de données, dont l'exploitation a permisd'étudier la répartition géographique des taxons, et de comparer leurs fréquences en fonction dedifférents paramètres tels les types de sites, d'activités, ou d'échantillon.Une seconde partie de mon travail s’est attaché à comparer et améliorer la technique employée pourl’extraction des oeufs de parasites anciens. Plusieurs tests ont été réalisés, qui montrent que lesméthodes sans sélection chimique permettent d’extraire un grand nombre de résidus tout enconservant le maximum de biodiversité. Enfin la quantification précise des oeufs lors des études dessites archéologiques du corpus a permis de tester des approches statistiques et de spatialisation dansle traitement des résultats. Ainsi, l'emploi d’outils tels la classification ascendante hiérarchique(CAH), les systèmes d'information géographique (SIG), ou la micromorphométrie sur les oeufs, ontpermis d'affiner les identifications, et les interprétations des structures au sein des sitesarchéologiques. Ces résultats montrent l’intérêt d’intégrer ces outils dans les étudespaléoparasitologiques à l’avenir. / Paleoparasitological data concerning the Roman period are numerous, but scaterred in reports,monographs or scientific articles. The aim of the first part of my thesis is to collect theseinformations, and provide a review of available data for the Roman period (27 BC - 476 AD). Forthis purpose, a pathographic approach for parasitic diseases has been performed and a listing ofparasites known in Antiquity has been made. We have also completed the data with the study ofeleven new archeological sites. All results have been include in a database. The exploitation of dataallowed to study the taxa geographical repartition, and to compare their frequencies according tovarious parameters such as the type of sites, activities or samples.A second part of my work is focused on comparing and improving the method used to extractancient eggs. Several tests have been performed which point out that methods without chemicalselection allowed to extract many residues, while maintaining the maximum of biodiversity. Tofinish, the precise quantification of eggs during the study of archeological sites from the corpus,allowed to test statistical and spatialization approaches in the treatment of results. So, using toolssuch as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), geographic information system (GIS), ormicromorphometry on eggs, allowed to refine identifications and interpretations of structures withinarcheological sites. These results point out the interest to include in the future these tools inpaleoparasitological studies.

Arles, colonie de droit romain, hérite, après la défaite de Pompée contre César, du contrôle d’une partie du Rhône, importante voie d’acheminement des marchandises provenant de tout le pourtour méditerranéen. Actrice privilégiée d’un commerce qui s’amplifie, accueillant de nombreux naviculaires pour le gérer et des populations indigènes toujours plus nombreuses, la cité d’Arles a également montré au travers de ses édifices la présence de marbres colorés dans la décoration pariétale et dans les pavements. Ce type de matière première était un symbole de puissance et de richesse et, à ce titre, diffusé dans toutes les provinces de l’empire. Dans ce cadre-là, nous étudions l’utilisation et l’approvisionnement de ces marbres dans la cité d’Arles au travers de l’étude de sites archéologiques terrestres et d’éléments retrouvés dans le Rhône. Pour cela, nous étudierons chaque fragment en marbre coloré retrouvé dans des contextes du Haut-Empire et de l’Antiquité tardive. Nous déterminerons pour chaque site étudié la répartition et la proportion de chacun ainsi que les formes dans lesquelles ils ont été façonnés. Nous analyserons ensuite chronologiquement l’emploi de ces éléments dans la décoration de domus et d’édifices à caractère public. Enfin, nous ferons le lien avec l’acheminement de ces marchandises dans la vallée du Rhône à l’époque romaine. / Arles, roman right colony, inherited the control of the river the Rhône, after Pompei’s defeat against Cesar, important delivery route of any kind of supply coming from the Mediterranean area. Trading business increasing Arles welcomed a lot of navicularii to manage it. And also the growing native population helped Arles to become a privilege actor. Through the monument the great city of Arles showed coloured marbles on the wall and pavement. This type of raw material was a symbol of power and wealth which was diffused in every province of the empire. In this context, we will study the use and the supply of the marble in Arles through terrestrial archaeological sites and elements discovered in the river Rhone.Concerning this, we will study every pieces of coloured marble found in the high Roman Empire and late Antiquity period. For every sites we will determined the distribution and the proportion as well as the different ways they were shaped. Then we will analyse chronologically the use of these elements in the “domus” decoration and in public building.Last but not least we will link it together with the routing of the supplier in the Rhône valley at the Roman Empire period.