O presente estudo avaliou in vitro o efeito citotóxico das soluções de EDTA a 17% e ácido cítrico a 15% sob macrófagos peritoneais residentes, valendo-se do método MTT. Após anestesia e sacrifício de 32 camundongos Swiss machos, procedeu-se a coleta do exsudato celular pela injeção e aspiração de meio de cultura estéril na cavidade abdominal dos animais. Pelo processamento do exsudato peritoneal, obteve-se em média 95% de macrófagos. Alíquotas de 5 x 10 5 células foram plaqueadas em triplicata, de acordo com os grupos experimentais. Diluições de 0,5% de EDTA e ácido cítrico foram adicionadas ao meio de cultura num total de 1 mL. O grupo controle recebeu somente meio de cultura estéril. Verificou-se a citotoxicidade em dois momentos: períodos de curto prazo (0, 6, 12 e 24 horas) e médio prazo (1,3, 5, 7 dias). Ao final dos referidos tempos de observação, as amostras foram tratadas pelo corante MTT, obtendo-se valores de absorbância em leitora ELISA 550 nm. Todo o procedimento experimental foi repetido 2 vezes. No período de curto prazo, a análise de variância apontou diferenças significantes (p< 0,05), sendo Fc=46,07 contra Ft= 3,15, para os grupos avaliados: os Grupos EDTA (0,253 nm) e ácido cítrico (0,260 nm) foram mais citotóxicos que o Grupo controle (0,355 nm). Observações de médio prazo revelaram significância estatística (p< 0,05) entre os grupos, sendo Fc= 171,0 contra Ft= 3,15. Ambas as soluções, EDTA (0,158 nm) e ácido cítrico (0,219 nm), mostraram maior toxicidade em relação ao controle (0,310nm), porém o EDTA apresentou-se mais citotóxico que o ácido cítrico, reduzindo substancialmente a população macrofágica. Como conclusão, as soluções irrigantes testadas exerceram toxicidade aos macrófagos peritoneais em cultura, no entanto, a viabilidade tardia destas células foi menos alterada pelo ácido cítrico / The present study evaluated in vitro cytotoxic effects of 17% EDTA and 15% citric acid in murine resident macrophages using MTT assay. After anesthesia and sacrifice of thirty two Swiss male mice, it had processed the peritoneal cellular exudates by fresh culture medium injection and aspiration in peritoneal animals cavities. The peritoneal exudates were composed approximately by 95% of macrophages. 5x 10 5 cells were plated in triplicate, according experimental groups. Each 0.5% dilutions of EDTA and citric acid were applied in medium culture, resulting 1 mL volume. Fresh medium served as control. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in two moments: short term (0, 6, 12, 24 hours) and long term (1, 3, 5, 7 days). After tested periods, the samples were treated by MTT ink assay and absorbance was determined using ELISA microplate reader at 550 nm. All these procedures were repeated twice. To short term period, ANOVA showed significant differences (p< 0.05) among groups (Fc= 46.07 x Ft= 3.15). EDTA (0.253 nm) and citric acid (0.260 nm) groups exhibited more cytotoxicity than control group. Long term observations exhibited statistical differences (p< 0.05), that Fc= 171.0 x Ft= 3.15. EDTA (0.158 nm) and citric acid (0.219 nm) solutions were cytotoxic when compared to control group, thus EDTA reduced greater macrophages viability than citric acid. Based on our results it seems that final irrigants tested presented toxic effects to murine macrophages culture, but in long term evaluation citric acid was considered less irritant.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:12:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cardoso_fgr_me_sjc.pdf: 1483322 bytes, checksum: f86eb5ab19c152a059b91d3c96772605 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente estudo teve como objetivo detectar espécies bacterianas, quantificar microrganismos e endotoxinas em canais radiculares com insucesso endodôntico e presença de lesão periapical, correlacionando-os com os sinais e sintomas clínicos e, avaliar a ação do hipoclorito de sódio 1% e extrato glicólico de gengibre 20% sobre estes microrganismos e endotoxinas. Foram selecionados para o estudo dez dentes tratados endodonticamente com lesões periapicais persistentes que foram divididos em 2 grupos (n=5), de acordo com a substância química auxiliar utilizada durante o preparo biomecânico (PBM): hipoclorito de sódio 1% e extrato glicólico de gengibre 20% intercalado com solução salina fisiológica. Foram realizadas coletas do conteúdo do canal radicular imediatamente após a desobturação do dente, imediatamente após a instrumentação e, imediatamente após 14 dias da ação da medicação intracanal (MIC) de hidróxido de cálcio. Para todas as coletas foram realizados os seguintes testes: a) avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana por cultura microbiológica e através do método molecular - PCR; b) quantificação de endotoxinas verificada pelo lisado de amebócitos de Limulus. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise estatística de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney e mostraram que tanto o PBM quanto à MIC foram capazes de reduzir a quantidade de microrganismos e de endotoxinas, independente da solução utilizada. No entanto, endotoxinas não foram completamente neutralizadas. Espécies de E. faecalis, T. denticola, T. forsythia, P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis, P. nigrescens, P. intermedia, P. micra foram detectadas nos canais radiculares. Observou-se correlação positiva entre a quantidade de endotoxinas e o diâmetro das lesões. Concluiuse que as substâncias testadas foram eficazes na redução de microrganismos e de endotoxinas / The aim of the present study was to detect bacterial species, quantify microorganisms and endotoxins within failed root canals presenting periapical lesion, to correlate them with clinical signs and symptoms, and to evaluate the effect of 1% sodium hypochlorite and 20% glycolic ginger extract on microorganisms and endotoxins. Ten endodontically treated teeth presenting persistent periapical lesion were selected for this study and divided into 2 groups (n=5), according to the auxiliary chemical substance employed during the biomechanical preparation (BMP): 1% sodium hypochlorite and 20% glycolic ginger extract interposed with saline solution. Root canal contents were collected right after root canal filling removal, right after instrumentation, and 14 days of calcium hydroxide intracanal medication (ICM) activity. The following tests were performed for every collection: a) antimicrobial activity evaluation by means of microbiologic culture and molecular biology – PCR; b) endotoxins quantification assessed by Limulus amebocyte lysate. The results were submitted to statistical analysis by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Both BMP and ICM were able to reduce microorganisms and endotoxins quantity, regardless the employed solution. However, endotoxins were not completely neutralized. E. faecalis, T. denticola, T. forsythia, P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis, P. nigrescens, P. intermedia, P. micra species were detected within root canals. A positive correlation was detected for the endotoxin quantity and the diameter of lesion. It can be concluded the tested substances were efficient for endotoxin and microorganisms reduction

O presente estudo avaliou in vitro o efeito citotóxico das soluções de EDTA a 17% e ácido cítrico a 15% sob macrófagos peritoneais residentes, valendo-se do método MTT. Após anestesia e sacrifício de 32 camundongos Swiss machos, procedeu-se a coleta do exsudato celular pela injeção e aspiração de meio de cultura estéril na cavidade abdominal dos animais. Pelo processamento do exsudato peritoneal, obteve-se em média 95% de macrófagos. Alíquotas de 5 x 10 5 células foram plaqueadas em triplicata, de acordo com os grupos experimentais. Diluições de 0,5% de EDTA e ácido cítrico foram adicionadas ao meio de cultura num total de 1 mL. O grupo controle recebeu somente meio de cultura estéril. Verificou-se a citotoxicidade em dois momentos: períodos de curto prazo (0, 6, 12 e 24 horas) e médio prazo (1,3, 5, 7 dias). Ao final dos referidos tempos de observação, as amostras foram tratadas pelo corante MTT, obtendo-se valores de absorbância em leitora ELISA 550 nm. Todo o procedimento experimental foi repetido 2 vezes. No período de curto prazo, a análise de variância apontou diferenças significantes (p< 0,05), sendo Fc=46,07 contra Ft= 3,15, para os grupos avaliados: os Grupos EDTA (0,253 nm) e ácido cítrico (0,260 nm) foram mais citotóxicos que o Grupo controle (0,355 nm). Observações de médio prazo revelaram significância estatística (p< 0,05) entre os grupos, sendo Fc= 171,0 contra Ft= 3,15. Ambas as soluções, EDTA (0,158 nm) e ácido cítrico (0,219 nm), mostraram maior toxicidade em relação ao controle (0,310nm), porém o EDTA apresentou-se mais citotóxico que o ácido cítrico, reduzindo substancialmente a população macrofágica. Como conclusão, as soluções irrigantes testadas exerceram toxicidade aos macrófagos peritoneais em cultura, no entanto, a viabilidade tardia destas células foi menos alterada pelo ácido cítrico / The present study evaluated in vitro cytotoxic effects of 17% EDTA and 15% citric acid in murine resident macrophages using MTT assay. After anesthesia and sacrifice of thirty two Swiss male mice, it had processed the peritoneal cellular exudates by fresh culture medium injection and aspiration in peritoneal animals cavities. The peritoneal exudates were composed approximately by 95% of macrophages. 5x 10 5 cells were plated in triplicate, according experimental groups. Each 0.5% dilutions of EDTA and citric acid were applied in medium culture, resulting 1 mL volume. Fresh medium served as control. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in two moments: short term (0, 6, 12, 24 hours) and long term (1, 3, 5, 7 days). After tested periods, the samples were treated by MTT ink assay and absorbance was determined using ELISA microplate reader at 550 nm. All these procedures were repeated twice. To short term period, ANOVA showed significant differences (p< 0.05) among groups (Fc= 46.07 x Ft= 3.15). EDTA (0.253 nm) and citric acid (0.260 nm) groups exhibited more cytotoxicity than control group. Long term observations exhibited statistical differences (p< 0.05), that Fc= 171.0 x Ft= 3.15. EDTA (0.158 nm) and citric acid (0.219 nm) solutions were cytotoxic when compared to control group, thus EDTA reduced greater macrophages viability than citric acid. Based on our results it seems that final irrigants tested presented toxic effects to murine macrophages culture, but in long term evaluation citric acid was considered less irritant.

A associação dos irrigantes endodônticos hipoclorito de sódio e clorexidina forma um precipitado amarronzado e subprodutos que podem ser tóxicos aos tecidos periodontais apicais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de avaliar qualitativamente e quantitativamente a resposta inflamatória destes irrigantes e suas associações em tecido conjuntivo no dorso do rato. Foram utilizados 24 ratos machos Wistar, 220 gr, cuja região dorsal foram confeccionadas quatro feridas cirúrgicas por punch de 08mm que receberam 20 mL dos irrigantes endodônticos, sendo divididos em: soro fisiológico, solução de digluconato de clorexidina a 2%, hipoclorito de sódio a 1% e a 2,5%, mistura de 10mL de hipoclorito de sódio a 1% mais 10mL de clorexidina a 2% e mistura de 10mL de hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% mais 10mL de clorexidina a 2%. O experimento foi realizado em triplicata e os animais foram sacrificados nos tempos experimentais de 0 (imediato), 24h, 72h e 168h. Os fragmentos foram fixados e corados com hematoxilina e eosina para análise histomorfológica. Para a quantificação celular, cortes histológicos dos grupos de 24, 72 e 168h foram tratados para serem imunomarcados pelos anticorpos para linfócitos CD4 e CD8, e Anti pan-macrófago para marcação de macrófagos. Foram tomadas três fotografias num aumento de 400x de cada lâmina, para serem quantificadas através do software ImageJ. Os dados foram tabulados e submetidos ao teste estatístico ANOVA (dois critérios), com pós-teste de Bonferroni (=0,05), comparando os grupos em função dos marcadores, tempos experimentais e grupos testados. Os resultados obtidos na análise microscópica puderam identificar variações significativas entre os grupos estudados e o controle. Enquanto que no controle não foi verificado um grau de inflamação elevado, nos grupos testados foram observados destruição tecidual, aumento de número e tamanho de vasos, infiltrado inflamatório intenso, edema e início de epitelização até 168h. Na análise quantitativa, foi observado um pico celular em 72h para todos os marcadores (p<0,001). Todos os grupos testados apresentaram níveis celulares maiores que o grupo do soro fisiológico (p<0,001), exceto para o marcador de macrófagos (p>0,05). As associações das substâncias em comparação com as substâncias isoladas não apresentaram diferenças significantes (p>0,05), exceto em 72h no marcador CD4 e com hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% (p<0,001). Estes resultados foram similares tanto para os grupos individuais bem como nas associações. Pode-se concluir, do ponto de vista biológico, que a associação entre o hipoclorito de sódio e a clorexidina mostraram resposta inflamatória semelhante as substâncias isoladas e que podem ser empregados na terapia endodôntica. / The association of endodontic irrigants sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine results in the formation of a brownish precipitate and its byproducts can be toxic to the periodontal tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the inflammatory response of these drugs and their associations in the connective tissue on the back of the mouse. Four dorsal surgical wounds made by 08mm punch in twenty four male Wistar rats of 220 gr received 20 mL of each endodontic irrigants and were divided into grupos: saline solution, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate, 1% and 2,5% sodium hypochlorite, mixture of 10 ml of 1% sodium hypochlorite plus 10 ml of 2% chlorhexidine and mixture of 10 ml of 2,5% sodium hypochlorite plus 10 ml of 2% chlorhexidine. The test was performed in triplicate, the animals sacrificed at 0h (immediately), 24h, 72h and 168h and the fragments fixed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histomorphological analysis. To quantify cells, histological sections from 24, 72 and 168h groups were treated and immunostained by CD4, CD8 lymphocytes and Anti-pan macrophage antibodies. Three pictures were taken in a 400x magnification of each slide and quantified using the ImageJ software. Data was tabulated and submitted to ANOVA (two-way) with Bonferroni post-test (=0.05) comparing the markers, times and experimental groups. The results obtained in the microscopic analysis identified significant differences among the experimental and control groups. In control group there was not high degree of inflammation; in the experimental groups there were tissue destruction, number and size of vessels increased, intense inflammatory infiltration, edema and early epithelialization at 168h. In the quantitative analysis a peak of all cell markers was observed at 72h (p<0.001). All experimental groups showed higher cellular levels than the saline group (p<0.001) except for the macrophages marker groups (p>0.05). The associated or isolated use of the substances showed no significant differences (p> 0.05) except for 72h CD4 marker and with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite group (p<0.001). The results were similar for both individuals and associated groups. In conclusion the association between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine showed inflammatory process similar to isolated substances and therefore it can be utilized in endodontic therapy.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The primary goal of root canal treatment is to eliminate microbes from the root canal system, which is the cause of pulpal and periapical infections. Research shows that after a single visit of chemomechanical debridement microbes continue to remain within the canal system. An interappointment medication step has been advocated to maximize potential elimination of microbes within the root canal system. Previous studies have shown propolis to be antibacterial against common endodontic microbes. Studies have shown trends in different microbes being present in primary verus secondary endodontic infections. The majority of literature has focused on the efficacy of propolis against Enterococcus faecalis, a microbe commonly implicated in secondary endodontic 95 infections. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of propolis against Fusobacterium nucleatum, a microbe commonly found in primary endodontic infections. This study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of propolis against a bacterium of primary endodontic infections (F. nucleatum) as well as against microbial biofilm to further support its potential use as a novel intracanal medicament. Dilutions of propolis were added to cultures of F. nucleatum in microtiter plates in a range from 390 μg/ml to 50,000 μg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) were determined. The MIC was determined of the total solution (biofilm+planktonic), planktonic, and biofilm (MBIC) after a 48-hour incubation period. The MBIC was determined by fixing biofilm to the wells and using crystal violet staining with spectrophotometry. The MBC was examined by plating solution from each concentration test well and reading the plates after 48 hours of incubation. The results show that the MIC of the total (biofilm+planktonic) appears to occur at a concentration of 6250 μg/ml. The MBIC appears to occur at the concentration of 1562.5 μg/ml. The planktonic results exhibit no significant difference in test and control wells. There was no MBC at any of the test concentrations. The propolis appears to inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm formation but does not appear to be bactericidal at any of the tested concentrations. The results of this study indicate that propolis has an MIC and MBIC when tested in vitro against F. nucleatum, although it does not show an MBC. There appears to be potentially significant interaction of propolis with biofilm as displayed by the lower concentration needed to exibit inhibitory effects on biofilm formation. This information 96 may contribute to the ability to develop a proper concentration of propolis to use in vivo when treating endodontic infections.

Submitted by Eunice Novais (enovais@uepg.br) on 2018-07-24T14:32:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) RENATA TERUMI JITUMORI.pdf: 3093609 bytes, checksum: 92de6bf22e06953ec3a932faaf478f71 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-24T14:32:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) RENATA TERUMI JITUMORI.pdf: 3093609 bytes, checksum: 92de6bf22e06953ec3a932faaf478f71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-21 / Avaliou-se o efeito da irrigação prévia na adesão de cimentos resinosos autoadesivos ao canal radicular na cimentação de pinos de fibra de vidro (PFV). Foram utilizados 120 dentes permanentes unirradiculares, os quais tiveram suas coroas removidas e suas raízes tratadas endodonticamente. Após uma semana, foi realizado o preparo padronizado dos condutos para posterior cimentação dos PFV. Nesse momento, as raízes foram divididas aleatoriamente em dez grupos, de acordo com a combinação dos seguintes fatores: cimento resinoso autoadesivo – RelyX U200 (3M ESPE) e Multilink Speed (Ivoclar Vivadent), e agente irrigante aplicado previamente à cimentação dos PFV – água destilada (AD), NaOCl 2,5% (Na), EDTA 17% (ED), ácido poliacrílico 26% (AP) e associação EDTA 17% + NaOCl 2,5% (EN). Duas raízes de cada agente irrigante foram utilizadas para avaliação do grau de desobliteração dos túbulos dentinários (DeTd) por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Após a cimentação dos PFV, sete raízes por grupo foram avaliadas em resistência de união (RU) pelo teste de push-out, quatro em nanoinfiltração (NI) por MEV e microdureza Vickers (VHN); para esse propósito cada raiz foi seccionada transversalmente em seis fatias. Os dados obtidos da DeTd foram submetidos a Kruskall Wallis e Student-Newman-Keuls (α=0,05) e dos testes de RU, NI e VHN a ANOVA dois fatores e Tukey (α=0,05). Na avaliação da DeTd, os agentes que promoveram maior abertura dos tubúlos dentinários foram ED, AP e EN. Para o cimento RelyX U200, o Na, AD e ED obtiveram os maiores valores de RU e VHN; enquanto que para o Multilink Speed esses valores foram superiores no grupo irrigado com AD. Para ambos os cimentos, o AP apresentou valores inferiores e a associação EN valores intermediários de RU e VHN. Não houve diferença estatística significante nos resultados de NI (p>0,05). Pode-se concluir que para cada agente cimentante deve haver um protocolo de irrigação prévia ideal na cimentação de pinos de fibra de vidro ao canal radicular. / It was evaluated the effect of previous irrigation on the adhesion of on the adhesion of self-adhesive resin cements to the root canal in the cementation of glass fiber posts. A total of 120 unirradicular permanent teeth were used, which had their crowns removed and their roots treated endodontically. After one week, the standard preparation of the post space was made for the cementation of the GFP. At this time, the roots were randomly divided into ten groups, according to the combination of the following factors: self-adhesive resin cement - RelyX U200 (3M ESPE) and Multilink Speed (Ivoclar Vivadent), and irrigating agent applied prior to GFP cementation - distilled water (DW), 2.5% NaOCl (Na), 17% EDTA (ED), 26% polyacrylic acid (PA) and 17% EDTA followed by 2.5% NaOCl (EN). Two roots of each irrigating agent were used for evaluation the degree of open dentinal tubules (ODeT) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After the cementation of the GFP, seven roots per group were evaluated in bond strength (BS) by the push-out test, four in nanoleakage (NL) by SEM and in Vickers microhardness (VHN); for this propose each root was sectioned transversely into six slices. The data obtained from ODeT were submitted to Kruskall Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls (α=0.05) and from the tests of BS, NL and VHN to ANOVA two-way and Tukey (α=0.05). In the evaluation of the ODeT, the agents that promoted greater opening of the dentin tubules were ED, PA and EN. For RelyX U200 cement, the Na, DW and ED obtained the highest values of BS and VHN; while for Multilink Speed these values were higher in the group irrigated with DW. For both cements, the PA presented lower values and the association EN intermediate values of BS and VHN. There was no statistically significant difference in NL results (p>0.05). It can be concluded that for each cementing agent there must be an optimal prior irrigation protocol for the cementation of glass fiber posts to the root canal.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of 0.12-percent and 2.0-percent chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) on eliminating Enterococcus faecalis from dentinal tubules, and whether this antibacterial effect was enhanced by heat. To date there have been no published articles that describe the heating of 2.0-percent CHX and its antimicrobial efficacy and clinical relevance towards E. faecalis within dentinal tubules in root canal systems. Ninety-five human extracted, single rooted, maxillary, anterior teeth were used to prepare dentin disk specimens. After proper sterilization, a 2.5-mm ISO-sized diameter lumen was prepared, and then the canals were filled with brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth infected with E. faecalis. The BHI was removed and the specimens in equally divided groups were rinsed with sterile saline and filled with saline, or 0.12 percent CHX or 2.0 percent CHX at ambient temperature (24°C) or experimental temperature (46°C) and incubated at oral temperature (37°C) or the experimental temperature (46°C), respectively. The specimens were frozen to -70˚C and pulverized in liquid nitrogen. Serial dilutions were prepared of 1:100 and 1:1000 and spiral plated on BHI agar plates in duplicate. They were incubated, and the number of bacterial colonies was recorded 24 hours later for data analysis. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with factors for solution, solution temperature, and the solution-by-temperature interaction was used to determine antibacterial efficacy. Pair-wise comparisons between groups were examined for significance using the Fisher’s Protected Least Significant Differences Method. The E. faecalis CFU were log-transformed to satisfy the assumptions required for the ANOVA. The results of this investigation demonstrated no statistically significant difference with the addition of heat to either test irrigation solution regarding the elimination of E. faecalis from dentinal tubules within the root canal system. There was a statistically significant difference in the antibacterial efficacy of CHX against E. faecalis in comparison with the concentration tested. A higher concentration of 2.0-percent CHX demonstrated a significantly higher antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis compared with 0.12-percent CHX, and likewise with the saline control. It can be concluded that the use of a higher concentration of 2.0-percent CHX is advantageous as a final irrigation solution after copious amounts of NaOCl and EDTA have been utilized for effective antimicrobial efficacy and substantivity.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Introduction: Regenerative endodontic therapy in immature teeth with necrotic pulps triggers continued root development, thereby improving the prognosis of these teeth. Disinfection of the canal is accomplished with an intracanal medicament, such as triple antibiotic paste (TAP) composed of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline. A modified triple antibiotic paste (MTAP) that replaces minocycline with clindamycin has recently been suggested to avoid the tooth discoloration and potential demineralization from minocycline. The effect these pastes have on radicular dentin is unknown. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two intracanal medicaments used during endodontic regeneration, TAP and MTAP, at concentrations of 1 g/mL and 1 mg/mL, on the microhardness and chemical structure of radicular dentin. Materials and Methods: Roots from extracted, unrestored, non-carious human premolar teeth were sectioned. An antibiotic paste (MTAP or TAP) or sterile water (control) was applied to treatment groups and stored for four weeks in 80-percent humidity at 37 °C. The effect of each paste on the microhardness of radicular dentin was measured using a Vickers Microhardness Tester (n = 17) to take three pretreatment and post-treatment measurements at both 500 µm and 1000 µm from the pulp-dentin interface. The chemical structure was assessed from dentin specimens treated with the same medicaments or sterile water for four weeks. After treatment, three measurements were taken on each specimen using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to measure the phosphate/amide I ratios of dentin (n = 7). Results: The 1 g/mL of TAP or MTAP and the 1 mg/mL methylcellulose-based TAP caused significant reduction in microhardness of roots compared with untreated control roots at 500 µm and 1000 µm from the pulp-dentin interface. Furthermore, the methylcellulose-based 1 mg/mL TAP and MTAP caused significantly less reduction in microhardness compared with 1 g/mL TAP and MTAP. The 1 g/mL of TAP and DAP caused significantly lower phosphate/amide I ratios compared with other groups. Conclusion: The use of methylcellulose based 1 mg/mL of TAP and MTAP may minimize the reduction in microhardness of roots compared with the currently used 1 g/mL concentration of these antibiotics.