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Ce mémoire avait pour but d'expérimenter une nouvelle forme d'administration du test de Rorschach. Il s'agissait d'une application collective qui ne faisait pas intervenir le filtre verbal comme élément nécessaire à la production de la réponse, tel que cela se trouve dans l'administration standard et dans les tentatives d'application collective du test. Il a été proposé une administration basée uniquement sur la comparaison d'une planche par rapport à une autre dans un processus d'évaluation et de comparaison entre les planches. Pour ce faire, des étudiants en psychologie (n = 60) ont participé au projet et ce, sur une base volontaire. Il s'agissait pour eux d'observer des combinaisons de planches et de déterminer la ressemblance ou la différence entre les paires présentées. Les résultats ont démontré que les planches ont, dans l'ensemble, tendance à se regrouper selon des caractéristiques communes soit les déterminants (couleur, mouvement forme et estompage). Ainsi, ce mémoire, innovateur dans le domaine, aura permis de faire ressortir, de manière statistiquement significative, les affinités qu'ont les planches entre elles.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / An experiment was designed to study the effects of color on associational and perceptual functions by making explicit the assumptions underlying the Rorschach color shock hypothesis. These are: Shock reaction on the Rorschach test is essentially and anxiety interferes with mental functioning. Any or all aspects of the Rorschach stimulus can be related to such an anxiety reaction. If color is manifested in a protocol, color is assumed to have played a determining role in eliciting such a response. Response to color is an affective response. The arousal of affects influence the associational and perceptual processes. Subjects who use repression to cope with the aroused affects, manifest color shock phenomenon. If gray-black shock is manifested, it is assumed gray has played a determining role in eliciting such a response. The selection of a particular aspect of the Rorschach stimulus is determined by the personality variables [TRUNCATED] / 2031-01-01

Using a clinical sample of 63 girls aged 5 - 16 years, the Psychoanalytic Rorschach Profile (PRP; Burke et al., 1988), a measure of drive, ego, and object relations functioning, was examined for differences between sexual abuse (SA) victims and distressed but nonabused (NA) peers. The hypothesis that the SA group would evidence more pathological, less developed levels of drive, ego, and object relations functioning than the NA group was not supported. Limitations of the use of archival data are discussed. The effects of controlling for the number of responses (R) in Rorschach research were examined by comparing entire protocols of a clinical sample of girls from 5 - 16 years of age to shortened versions which included only the first one (N = 89; R = 10) or two (N = 17; R = 20) responses to each blot. Of 12 PRP scales compared, differences between the R = 10 and entire protocols were found on 5 variables, but when R was increased to 20, only 2 differences remained. Support was given for the notion of uniform Rorschach administration in which 2 responses per card are solicited.

This investigation represents an attempt to employ the Devries Suicide Prediction Scale and the Rorschach Inkblot Test in a two-stage predictive model which was designed to decrease the high false positive rate associated with the Devries and to design a way in which the Rorschach could be used efficiently in suicide prediction in a large mental hospital setting. The Rorschach was not found to significantly improve the predictive ability of the Devries. An unexpectedly high percentage of mental patients in the study, thirty-eight percent, admitted to previous suicide attempts, raising the question of whether suicidal behavior is not more common than is usually thought.

The following experimental study was conducted to test these hypotheses. The subjects used in the study were twenty-five males and twenty-five females from undergraduate courses in psychology at the freshman and sophomore levels. Procedure.--Each subject was administered the Rorschach test, in the manner described by Beck (1961), except that the subject was seated facing the test administrator. Each subject was also administered the MMPI, using,.Form R.

Dentre outras questões em saúde pública, o tabagismo e a depressão se constituem em situações que ocupam os profissionais de saúde que buscam elaborar medidas preventivas auxiliares no tratamento destas. O tempo de duração, as recaídas e os problemas, físicos e mentais, que sofrem as pessoas, portadoras destes transtornos mentais, constituem um grande desafio no tratamento dos mesmos. Buscar instrumentos de avaliação psicológica que auxiliem neste processo é o principal objetivo. Este trabalho verificou indicadores de depressão em pessoas portadoras de dependência de nicotina (tabagistas), por meio do Teste de Bender e do Método de Rorschach, que podem mensurar traços do funcionamento da personalidade, contribuindo para o entendimento destas características de personalidade, auxiliando na compreensão dos processos psíquicos do indivíduo tabagista, informações que podem auxiliar nos processos preventivos. Os participantes são tabagistas e não tabagistas que estavam cursando algum curso superior e sem histórico de tratamento de depressão ou outro transtorno mental. A coleta de dados foi realizada individualmente com cada um dos participantes (n=60). Os instrumentos utilizados foram entrevista preliminar; a Adaptação Hutt do Teste de Bender e o Método de Rorschach. Os principais resultados se referem ao Teste de Bender e ao Método de Rorschach pelo Sistema Compreensivo de Exner. No Bender são relevantes os dados relativos à análise configuracional da Depressão da Escala de Psicopatologia; no Rorschach são ressaltados os itens que compõe o Índice de Depressão. Concluiu-se que o Teste de Bender, com a escala de avaliação de aspectos psicopatológicos, e o Método de Rorschach, no Sistema Compreensivo, podem auxiliar nos trabalhos preventivos, trazendo indicadores do funcionamento psíquico do indivíduo tabagista. Por outro lado, também se verificou a necessidade de aprofundamento dos estudos nesta área, ampliando o número de participantes e realizando estudos longitudinais / Among other public health issues, smoking and depression are situations that worry health professionals. Thus, they try to take measures to provide against them and help in their treatment. The duration, relapses, and the mental and physical problems of people who present these mental disorders go through present a big challenge to the treatment. Searching for ways to evaluate psychologically and, therefore, help in this process is the main goal. This work detected depression symptoms in people addicted to nicotine (tobacco users) by using the Bender Test and the Rorschach Method, which can measure aspects of the personality, contributing to the understanding of these personality traits. It can help us understand the psychological processes of the tobacco users, helping in the prevention processes. The participants were smokers and non smokers; they were college students and had never undergone any depression or mental disorder treatment. The data collection was carried out individually with each one of the participants (n=60). Preliminary interviews, the Hutt Adaptation of the Bender Test, and the Rorschach Method, Comprehensive System were used. The main results refer to the Bender Test and the Rorschach Method. In the Bender Test, the data related to the configuration in the analysis of depression from the psychopathology; in the Rorschach Method the items that comprise the Depression Index. It was concluded that the Bender Test, with the scale of evaluation of psychopathologic aspects, and the Rorschach Method can help in the prevention procedures, showing how the psychological functioning of smokers work. On the other hand, it became clear that a deep study in this area is necessary, increasing the number of participants and carrying out longitudinal studies

A adição a drogas psicoativas é um fenômeno que atinge todas as sociedades, causando sérios danos nos mais diversos contextos sociais. Avanços significativos no conhecimento sobre aspectos psicofarmacológicos e epidemiológicos da drogadição na atualidade, contudo, investigações relativas ao dinamismo psíquico dos usuários de drogas não se apresentam na mesma proporção. Mediante a gravidade e complexidade desta problemática, faz-se importante reunir indícios técnicos referentes à psicodinâmica destes indivíduos drogaditos, no intuito de compreender melhor o fenômeno. Diante destas considerações, objetivou-se avaliar as características psicológicas de usuários de drogas focalizando-se sua história de vida, desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e dinâmica da personalidade. Foram avaliados 20 homens de 18 a 35 anos, sendo 10 usuários de drogas psicoativas (G1) há pelo menos um ano, que se encontravam em fase de busca de tratamento, recém ingressos em contextos de internação institucional, e outros 10 indivíduos não usuários de drogas (G2) que fizeram parte do grupo controle. Como recursos técnicos para a avaliação psicológica foram utilizados a entrevista semi-dirigida, o teste INV- forma C, as Figuras Complexas de Rey e o Psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach. A aplicação dos métodos avaliativos foi feita em duas sessões, realizadas na própria instituição ou no consultório particular do pesquisador. O INV indicou normalidade intelectual em todos os participantes. As Figuras de Rey evidenciaram normalidade neuropsicomotora, porém com déficit de desempenho de G1 em relação a G2, em virtude da tensão e impulsividade deste grupo na realização da tarefa. Verbalizaram vivências de intenso sentimento de desespero e de perda total do controle da vida, gerando grande inquietação e ansiedade. O Rorschach evidenciou uso maciço da racionalidade e controle da afetividade em G1 e G2; semelhanças na sensibilidade afetiva (fórmulas vivenciais) e controle ineficaz do afeto em G1, associado à imaturidade afetiva e dificuldades na adaptação social em G1 (aumento do H%). A vivência do sentimento de angústia e de impotência perante a dramaticidade do contexto familiar foi mencionada como principal causadora da drogadição. Angústia, morte e acidentes traumáticos associados ao contexto familiar foram temas recorrentes na história de vida do G1. A maioria destes indivíduos relatou enfrentamento de situações dramáticas durante o desenvolvimento infantil e que o correspondente sentimento de impotência perante o fato foi proeminente para o ingresso na drogadição. A problemática familiar evidenciou-se nas percepções do contexto hostil e violento da relação com a figura paterna: falta de entendimento com o pai; ausência, mágoa ou violência associados à figura paterna. A análise simbólica da prancha IV do Rorschach, também evidenciou, freqüentemente, sensação disfórica e ameaçadora, diante da figura masculina percebida sob a forma de figuras fantásticas ou pára-humanas. No entanto, os usuários de drogas apresentaram bom potencial intelectivo, parcialmente aproveitado, acompanhado por ansiedade e tensão constante. / The addition of the psychoactive drugs is a phenomenon that reaches all the societies, causing serious damages in the most diverse social contexts. Significant advances in the knowledge on psychopharmacological and epidemiologists aspects of the drogadiction in the present time, however, relative inquiries to the psychodynamism of the of drug users are not presented in the same ratio. By means of the gravity and complexity of this problematic, its important to congregate technicians indications referring to the psychodynamism of these individuals drogadictions, in intention to understand the phenomenon deeply. Ahead of these considerations, it was objectified to evaluate the psychological characteristics of users of drugs being focused their histories of life, their neuropsicomotor development and their personality dynamic. Twenty men of 18 35 years old was available, 10 users of psychoactive drugs (G1) in treatment search, newly-ingressed in contexts of institucional internment and others 10 not users of drugs (G2), the last, the control group. As technician resources for the psychological evaluation they had been used the semi-structured interview, the INV- Test form-C, the Complex Figures of Rey and the Rorschach Method. The application of the methods was made in two sessions, carried through in the own institution or in the particular doctor\'s office of the researcher. The INV indicated intellectual normality in all the participants. The Figures of Rey had evidenced neuropsychomotor normality, however with deficit of performance of G1 in relation to G2, in virtue of the tension and impulsiveness of this group in the accomplishment of the task. The subjects have related experiences of intense feeling of desperation and total loss of life control, generating great inquietude and anxiety. The Rorschach evidenced massive use of the rationality and control of the affectivity in G1 and G2; similarities in affective sensitivity (existential formulas) and inefficacious control of the affection in G1, associated with the affective immaturity and difficulties in the social adaptation in G1 (increase of H%). The experience of the feeling of anguish and impotence in front of the dramaticity of the familiar context was mentioned as the main causer of the drogadiction. Anguish, death and traumatic accidents associates to the familiar context had been recurrent themes in the history of life of the G1. The majority of them has told confrontation of dramatical situations during the childish development and the corresponding feeling of impotence in front of the fact was prominent for the ingression in the drogadiction. The familiar problematic was proven in the perceptions of the hostile and violent context of the relation with the paternal figure: lack of agreement with the father; absence, sorrow or violence associated to the paternal figure. The symbolic analysis of Rorschachs plate IV, also evidenced, frequently, disforical and threatening sensation, ahead of the masculine figure perceived under the form of fantastic figures or pára-humans. However, the users of drugs had presented good intelective potential, partially utilized, joint for anxiety and constant tension.

Os processos judiciais de adoção são pautados por muitas expectativas e dificuldades técnicas, envolvendo complexos fatores. O presente trabalho objetivou contribuir com a área por meio do estudo de características de personalidade de mulheres inférteis que buscam a adoção de crianças como forma de vivenciar a maternidade. Em complemento, objetivou-se examinar indicadores psicométricos (precisão e validade) acerca do Questionário Desiderativo enquanto método projetivo de avaliação da personalidade. O delineamento do estudo foi transversal, descritivo-comparativo de grupos e correlacional, a partir de instrumentos de avaliação psicológica. Foram avaliadas 60 mulheres voluntárias (30 a 50 anos), em união conjugal, com escolaridade média ou superior. Destas, 40 não tinham filhos biológicos, sendo 20 pretendentes à adoção (Grupo 1=G1) e 20 mães adotivas (Grupo 2=G2). As 20 restantes eram mães biológicas, constituindo grupo de comparação (Grupo 3=G3). Responderam, individualmente, a uma bateria de instrumentos psicológicos, incluindo Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade (BFP), Questionário Desiderativo (QD) e Psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach (escola francesa), aplicados e avaliados conforme diretrizes técnicas de seus respectivos manuais. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial, comparando-se resultados médios ou frequências das variáveis nos grupos (ANOVA e Kruskall-Wallis, com post-hoc de Bonferroni ou teste Qui-quadrado), além da análise de associação entre variáveis e avaliação de concordância entre examinadores (Kappa e correlação de Spearman), considerando-se p0,05. Os achados apontaram elevados índices de precisão no Rorschach e no Desiderativo, com altos índices de concordância entre examinadores independentes, conferindo-lhes confiabilidade. A comparação de resultados médios entre os grupos apontou reduzido número de diferenças estatisticamente significativas, sugerindo homogeneidade nas características de personalidade das mulheres avaliadas, bem como ausência de indicadores psicopatológicos (SRQ-20). O padrão geral de respostas aos instrumentos mostrou-se compatível com referenciais normativos dos instrumentos utilizados, independente da diferenciada experiência das mulheres em termos de maternidade. Dentre os fatores de personalidade avaliados pela BFP, houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em apenas uma de suas facetas: Liberalismo (maior em G3). No Rorschach houve indicadores de preservado funcionamento lógico e afetivo, com raros marcadores específicos entre os grupos. No tocante ao Desiderativo foi possível aprimorar seu sistema avaliativo, com positivos indicadores de precisão e de validade, como inicialmente proposto. Os resultados enriqueceram-se a partir das análises correlacionais entre os três instrumentos avaliativos, identificando-se importantes e variadas correlações entre variáveis do Desiderativo e Rorschach, bem como entre Desiderativo e BFP, evidenciando indicadores de validade entre construtos relacionados, fortalecendo possibilidades avaliativas de características de personalidade a partir desta bateria técnica, integrando métodos projetivos e de autorrelato. Houve diferentes resultados de variáveis com correlação estatisticamente significativa em cada grupo de participantes, sugerindo que a combinação entre os instrumentos pôde detectar especificidades no funcionamento psicodinâmico destas participantes, a depender de suas condições frente à maternidade, não reveladas pela análise isolada das variáveis. Os resultados ilustram a relevância de se considerar componentes da personalidade em processos de avaliação psicológica forense voltados à adoção, visto que variáveis relacionadas às vivências psíquicas da infertilidade (ou não) podem interferir em seus resultados. Por fim, o trabalho aponta para as possibilidades informativas dos instrumentos padronizados de avaliação psicológica, sobretudo de sua utilização conjunta e complementar neste contexto da prática profissional do psicólogo. / The adoption judicial processes are based on many expectations and technical difficulties, involving complex factors. The present work aimed to contribute to the area through the study of infertile womens personality features who seek children´s adoption as a way of experiencing motherhood. In addition, we aimed to examine psychometric indicators (reliability and validity) of the Desiderative Questionnaire as a projective method for assessment of the personality. The study design was cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative between groups, and correlational, based on psychological assessment instruments. Sixty female volunteers (30 to 50 years old), in a conjugal union, with average or higher education were assessed. Forty women did not have biological children: 20 were waiting for adoption (Group 1 = G1) and 20 were adoptive mothers (Group 2 = G2). The remaining 20 were biological mothers, constituting a comparison group (Group 3 = G3). They individually answered to a battery of psychological tests, including Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), Factorial Personality Battery (BFP), Desiderative Questionnaire (QD) and Rorschach Psychodiagnosis (French Approach), administered and interpreted according to technical guidelines from their respective manuals. Data were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, comparing mean scores or variable\'s frequencies in the groups (ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis, with Bonferroni posthoc, or Chi-square test), as well as the analysis of the association between variables and agreement between examiners (Kappa and Spearman correlation), considering p0.05. The findings indicated high indicators of reliability in the Rorschach and Desiderative, with high agreement between independent examiners. The of means between the groups indicated a small number of statistically significant differences, suggesting homogeneity in the personality characteristics of the women evaluated, as well as the absence of psychopathological indicators (SRQ-20). The general pattern of responses to the instruments was compatible with the instruments normative references, regardless of the differentiated women\'s experience in maternity terms. Among the personality factors evaluated by BFP, there was a statistically significant difference in only one of its facets: Liberalism (higher in G3). In the Rorschach, there were indicators of preserved logical and affective functioning, with rare specific markers between groups. Regarding the Desiderative, it was possible to improve its evaluation system, with positive indicators of reliability and validity, as initially proposed. The results were enriched from the correlational analyses between the three evaluation instruments, identifying important and varied correlations between the Desiderative and Rorschachs variables, as well as between Desiderative and BFP, evidencing validity indicators between related constructs, strengthening evaluation possibilities of personality characteristics from this technical battery, integrating projective and self-report methods. There were different results from variables with significant correlation in each group of participants, suggesting that the instruments combination could detect specificities in the psychodynamic functioning of these participants, depending on their conditions in relation to motherhood, not revealed by the isolated analysis of the variables. The results illustrate the relevance of considering personality components in forensic psychological evaluation processes aimed at adoption since variables related to psychological experiences related to infertility (or not) might interfere with their results. Finally, the research points to the informative possibilities of the standardized instruments of psychological evaluation, especially their conjunction and complementary use in this context on the psychological professional practice.