Facilitative interactions can have a powerful influence on the structure of plant communities and must be accounted for in efforts to restore disturbed and invaded habitats, such as the now rare coastal sage scrub (CSS) of California. In this study, I tested for evidence of facilitative effects by the native shrubs Eriogonum fasciculatum var. foliolosum and Artemisia californica on germination and survival of the CSS native annual forb Phacelia distans. P. distans seeds were planted near patches of native shrubs, both under the shrub canopy where any facilitative effects should be strongest, and 0.5 m away in the more exposed grassland. To determine whether the shrub-forb relationship was affected by the presence of invasive annuals, E. fasciculatum sites were assigned either invasive annual removal or non-removal control treatment; no removal treatments were carried out for A. californica. P. distans had significantly higher germination but lower survivorship under the canopy of E. fasciculatum. The results showed no overall effect of invasive removal, but there was a weak interaction effect with location; in shrub-canopy plots, invasive species further lowered survivorship. A. californica showed neither facilitative nor negative effects of this shrub species on either germination or survivorship of P. distans, in contrast with the results for E. fasciculatum. Although E. fasciculatum appears to facilitate the germination of native forbs under its canopy, it also seems to have a negative effect on survival. The weak interaction between location and removal to further decrease survival under the canopy when invasives are present, and the abundance of grasses growing under the canopy, suggest that native shrubs may facilitate the growth of invasive annuals as well as the germination of natives. Consequently, controlling invasive grass abundance may be necessary to capture the benefits of shrub facilitation for the restoration of native CSS herbs.

Coastal sage scrub (CSS), a lowland plant community native to California, is home to many rare, threatened, or endangered plants and animals. Fire, a natural feature of CSS, is essential for maintaining species diversity. However, the invasion of non-native grasses has altered the fire regime in CSS, increasing fire frequency and fire season length and decreasing fire intensity. Changes in the historical fire regime may in turn cause feedbacks that favor non-native species, resulting in the loss of biodiversity in invaded CSS sites. Numerous studies have examined patterns of post-fire succession in CSS; however, the role that the pre-fire seed bank and the relative abundance of natives to non-natives play in vegetation regrowth and community recovery is unclear. A lack of adequate pre-fire data on community composition makes testing hypotheses about the role of seed banks in post-fire recovery challenging. I propose to study recovery of the plant community in two differentially invaded CSS sites (East and West field) following a fire at the Bernard Field Station in September 2013. Data collected at the two sites from 2009-2013 reveal that non-native grass cover was significantly higher than native cover at both sites, though the West field had slightly higher native forb cover. Furthermore, the invasive grass Bromus diandrus almost entirely dominated the East field. Vegetation cover in the West field was more diverse with the abundance of other non-natives (Bromus hordeaceus, Bromus madritensis, Vulpia myuros) and natives (Amsinckia menziesii, Lupinus spp.) significantly higher than in the East field. To determine the effects of these pre-fire differences on recovery processes, I will carry out a randomized block experiment with four treatments (control, native seed addition, non-native grass removal, and both native seed addition and removal of non-native grasses). Twelve blocks will be evenly divided between the East and West fields. I propose to measure relative seedling abundance for both native and non-native species after each significant rainstorm over a three-year study period. I hypothesize that the composition of seed banks pre-fire will predict vegetation regrowth post-fire. Specifically, I predict that, under control conditions, B. diandrus will dominate the East field post-fire given its high abundance pre-fire. Further, I predict that regrowth in controls plots in the West field will be more variable given its more diverse seed bank pre-fire. Lastly, I predict that native forbs will exhibit the greatest degree of recovery in plots where active restoration methods (seeding and non-native grass removal) are employed; the effects of these restoration methods should be strongest in the East field because the pre-fire vegetation community was more heavily weighed towards non-native species. This study will add crucial knowledge to our understanding of how the pre-fire seed bank in CSS affects its recovery post-fire, which may inform future conservation efforts to ensure the continued health and protection of CSS sites around California.

Cette thèse présente différents aperçus de problèmes de mathématiques discrètes en lien avec la théorie des graphes. Elle s'intéresse en particulier à la coloration de graphes, i.e. l'assignation de couleurs aux sommets (ou arêtes) d'un graphes sous certaines contraintes locales, notamment l'exclusion de motifs. Pour différents types de coloration (choisissabilité des sommets, des arêtes, coloration acyclique ou linéaire, ...), un état de l'art est présenté, accompagné de résultats d'existence sur les graphes planaires ou leurs sous-classes, ayant pour but de minimiser le nombre de couleurs nécessaires pour un degré maximum ou un degré moyen maximum (Mad) donnés. Cette thèse traite également de décompositions induites de graphes, et démontre qu'il existe pour tout graphe $H$ une suite infinie de graphes denses dont les arêtes peuvent être partitionnées en copies induites de $H$. Cette preuve requiert le formalisme des hypergraphes, pour lesquels un autre résultat de décomposition est démontré, i.e. une décomposition optimale de l'hypergraphe complet 3-régulier en hypergraphes $\alpha$-acycliques. La troisième parti porte sur des questions algorithmiques. Elles consistent en problèmes d'optimisation ou d'existence, motivés par le routage d'information dans les réseaux, analysés par le formalisme classique de complexité algorithmique, ou traitent de la recherche de sous-graphes dans le formalisme de la complexité paramétrée. Dans une quatrième partie sont considérés des problèmes de comptage issus de la chimie, suivis de la présentation de Programmes Linéaires Entiers utilisés dans le logiciel de mathématiques Sage.

The human genome contains tens of thousands of gene loci which code for an even greater number of protein and RNA products. The highly complex temporal and spatial expression of these genes makes possible all the biological processes of life. Altered gene expression by mutation or deregulation is fundamental for the development of many human diseases. The ultimate aim of this thesis was to identify gene expression changes relevant to cancer. The advent of genome-wide expression profiling techniques, such as microarrays, has provided powerful new tools to identify such changes and researchers are now faced with an explosion of gene expression data. Processing, comparing and integrating these data present major challenges. I approached these challenges by developing and assessing novel methods for cross-platform analysis of expression data, scalable subspace clustering, and curation of experimental gene regulation data from the published literature. I found that combining results from different expression platforms increases reliability of coexpression predictions. However, I also observed that global correlation between platforms was generally low, and few gene pairs reached reasonable thresholds for high-confidence coexpression. Therefore, I developed a novel subspace clustering algorithm, able to identify coexpressed genes in experimental subsets of very large gene expression datasets. Biological assessment against several metrics indicates that this algorithm performs well. I also developed a novel meta-analysis method to identify consistently reported genes from differential expression studies when raw data are unavailable. This method was applied to thyroid cancer, producing a ranked list of significantly over-represented genes. Tissue microarray analysis of some of these candidates and others identified a number of promising biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic classification of thyroid cancer. Finally, I present ORegAnno (www.oreganno.org), a resource for the community-driven curation of experimentally verified regulatory sequences. This resource has proven a great success with ~30,000 sequences entered from over 900 publications by ~50 contributing users. These data, methods and resources contribute to our overall understanding of gene regulation, gene expression, and the changes that occur in cancer. Such an understanding should help identify new cancer mechanisms, potential treatment targets, and have significant diagnostic and prognostic implications.

Project report (D. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 1998. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 222-230).

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Montana, 2008. / Title from author supplied metadata. Description based on contents viewed on July 15, 2009. Includes bibliographical references.

Detta projekt handlar om att skapa en ny hemsida till Åhus Beach. Huvudmålen är att den ska vara fullt responsiv och fullt ut dynamisk. För att göra hemsidan dynamisk har vi använt oss av wordpress som CMS-verktyg. För att kunna utnyttja wordpress till dess fulla potential har vi använt oss av ett plugin som heter Advanced Custom Fields Pro. Nästan allting på hemsidan så som texter, bilder, färger, knappar och även sidor är möjliga att ändra på via wordpress. Miljön som använts är en wordpress boilerplate som kallas Bedrock tillsammans med ett starttema som kallas Sage och allting har kodats i Visual Studio Code. Med allt detta tillsammans har vi utvecklat en fullständig ny och fräsch hemsida till Åhus Beach. Slutresultatet är en sida som innehåller sidor för tre olika evenemang, deras undersidor med menyer. Sidan innehåller nyheter, erbjudanden, information om eventen, kartor, kontaktinformation, sökfunktion och videos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:21:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Cesar.pdf: 1398944 bytes, checksum: 230077553555248a4d40a60a55218cbc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Exodus 23,1-9 put itself in the juridical world on ancient Israel not as law in the way of casuistic and apodictic sentences but as ethical instruction. The structure, syntax and style of this text disclosure that we are not in front of laws but in front of parenesis. If so asking about your Sitz im Leben, date and contents is very important. The searching for social process that created the conflicts indirectly indicate between free men owner of land and out of the state of poverty and free men owner of land but near of loses it because the debt in natura as well. To verify sociological plausibility of Exodus 23,1-9 we inquiry through social history what kind of society was Israel in time of tribalism and after in monarchy and what kind of social consequences each social system of these promote in ancient Israel. In this way, we intend to know historical-sociological background that create our text.(AU) / Êxodo 23,1-9 se insere no universo jurídico do antigo Israel não como lei a maneira das formulações em estilo casuístico e apodítico, mas como instrução ética. A estrutura, sintaxe e estilo desse texto revelam que não estamos diante de leis, mas de parênese. Sendo assim, a pergunta pelo seu lugar vivencial, data e conteúdos é significativa. Também o é a pergunta pelos processos sociais que viabilizaram os conflitos indicados indiretamente entre homens livres proprietários de terra e fora do estado de empobrecimento e homens livres donos de terra, mas a caminho de perdê-la por conta das dívidas in natura adquiridas. Para verificarmos a plausibilidade sociológica de Êxodo 23,1-9, verificamos, através da história social, que tipo de sociedade era Israel no tempo do tribalismo e depois na monarquia, e as consequências sociais que cada um desses sistemas promoveu na sociedade israelita. Com isso, pretendemos conhecer o pano de fundo histórico-sociológico que tece o nosso texto.(AU)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:21:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissWMJ.pdf: 1908548 bytes, checksum: ce0f41a2d326cd2c20167496826208d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-01-22 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / A síndrome de Down (SD) é a anomalia genética mais freqüente em humanos e apresenta características como retardo mental, malformações cardíacas, defeitos do sistema imunológico, risco aumentado de desenvolvimento de leucemia e doença de Alzheimer, entre outras. Seus fenótipos são causados pela trissomia total ou parcial do cromossomo 21 (CH21) e provavelmente se originam devido a um desequilíbrio dos produtos gênicos deste cromossomo. Inserido em um contexto de Genômica Funcional , o presente trabalho analisou o perfil de expressão gênica de leucócitos de portador da SD na busca de informações sobre o provável padrão molecular anômalo do transcriptoma do paciente. Para tanto, utilizou-se a técnica de Análise Serial da Expressão Gênica (SAGE). Foram listadas e analisadas diferenças entre os transcriptomas de leucócitos de indivíduos normais e de portador de SD. Verificou-se que a condição de SD comparada a não portadores apresenta baixa expressão relativa de transcritos envolvidos com o sistema imune e o metabolismo, além de transcritos ribossomais. Alguns transcritos diferencialmente expressos foram selecionados como possíveis candidatos ao envolvimento com a SD no contexto celular de leucócitos. Eles serviram também para validar os dados da SAGE. Assim, foi realizado o primeiro estudo de análise de expressão gênica em larga escala envolvendo transcriptoma de portadores de SD e utilizando a SAGE. Com isto foi disponibilizado um conjunto de dados importantes para estudos futuros que visem esclarecer a patogênese da SD.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:36:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFMBT.pdf: 987220 bytes, checksum: 107f58e278ff027f5e79eec4c744b5d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-26 / A síndrome de Down (SD) é a anomalia genética mais freqüente em humanos e apresenta características como retardo mental, malformações cardíacas, defeitos do sistema imunológico, risco aumentado de desenvolvimento de leucemia e doença de Alzheimer, entre outras. Seus fenótipos são causados pela trissomia total ou parcial do cromossomo 21 (CH21) e provavelmente se originam devido a um desequilíbrio dos produtos gênicos deste cromossomo. Inserido em um contexto de Genômica Funcional , o presente trabalho analisou o perfil de expressão gênica de leucócitos de portador da SD na busca de informações sobre o provável padrão molecular anômalo do transcriptoma do paciente. Para tanto, utilizou-se a técnica de Análise Serial da Expressão Gênica (SAGE). Foram listadas e analisadas diferenças entre os transcriptomas de leucócitos de indivíduos normais e de portador de SD. Verificou-se que a condição de SD comparada a não portadores apresenta baixa expressão relativa de transcritos envolvidos com o sistema imune e o metabolismo, além de transcritos ribossomais. Alguns transcritos diferencialmente expressos foram selecionados como possíveis candidatos ao envolvimento com a SD no contexto celular de leucócitos. Eles serviram também para validar os dados da SAGE. Assim, foi realizado o primeiro estudo de análise de expressão gênica em larga escala envolvendo transcriptoma de portadores de SD e utilizando a SAGE. Com isto foi disponibilizado um conjunto de dados importantes para estudos futuros que visem esclarecer a patogênese da SD.