The purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between gender, self-control, emotion regulation, rumination and test anxiety. In other words, the study aimed at investigating how well each of the mentioned independent variables contributes to explain variance of test anxiety. The participants (N=188) were reached by convenient sampling procedure. The sample consisted of preparatory students studying in a private university in Ankara. Data were collected by a demographic form and four scales as Test Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 1980), Self-Control Scale (Tangney, Baumeister, &amp / Boone, 2004), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Gross &amp / John, 2003), and Ruminative Response Scale (Treynor, Gonzalez, &amp / Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003). For this study, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was utilized to examine the data. The results revealed that gender, self-control, two emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and suppression) and also brooding as a ruminative response significantly correlated to test anxiety of university students. Furthermore, self-control and cognitive reappraisal were found to be correlated with test anxiety stronger than the other independent variables. Reflection as another ruminative response was not found to be correlating with test anxiety within the suggested model. The findings obtained from the present study are discussed with regards to the related literature, and conclusions were drawn accordingly.

Thesis (M.A.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2008. / Directed by Susan P. Keane; submitted to the Dept. of Psychology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 28, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-39).

Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Psychology, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

The empirical literature to date has indicated that narcissism is associated with reactive aggression; however, exactly why narcissists respond with aggression to provocation is yet to be determined. The present paper is an exploration of two possible means through which a lack of self-control could be an important predictor involved in narcissists‟ aggressive behavior: 1) a lack of self-control could explain the link between narcissism and aggression, and 2) the combination of insufficient self-control and narcissism could increase the likelihood of aggressive response to provocation. To explore these possibilities, an experiment was conducted in which 214 participants were first administered measures of narcissism and self-control. Then, random assignment determined whether the participant would be provoked through negative feedback on his/her performance. Participants were provided opportunities to aggress on two measures: 1) an evaluation of another‟s performance, 2) open-ended responses to a situational vignette. There were two major areas of focus in the results of the study. First, the effect of provocation was examined. As expected, provoked participants provided more aggressive responses on the evaluation of their peer than nonprovoked participants; however, provocation did not affect aggression on the situational vignette. Narcissism was associated with aggression on the situational vignette and not on the evaluation. These findings point to the strength of the situation in the prediction of behavior as it was only when provocation did not produce an effect that personality had a significant influence on aggression.  Second, the relationships among narcissism, self-control and aggression were examined. Narcissism was associated with low self-control as expected. Stepwise linear regression revealed a significant interaction between narcissism and self-control in the prediction of physical aggression in response to the situational vignette. The moderation effect of self-control and narcissism on physical aggression indicates that the combination of high narcissism and low self-control is important in predicting physical aggression. Additional post-hoc exploratory analyses suggest some overlap in the measures. Thus, suggestions for future research and methods of reducing the overlap in construct during measurement are provided.

Immigration transition may be an opportunity for physical, psychological, and social improvement, but the health of transitioning individuals may actually be at an increased risk for decline. In order to overcome negative influencing factors on the health of immigrants trying to integrate into a new society, examining the impact of transitioning immigration on the health of immigrants is important. Transition has complex and multidimensional patterns based on an individual’s social and cultural background. Korean immigrants in transitioning to the U.S. have experienced a specific and unique situation. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to identify the impact of immigration transition, which is defined in the middle-range theory of transition, on the health-promoting behaviors and mental well-being of Korean immigrants in the U.S. A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational comparative design was used for examining a total of 192 Koreans: 105 in the U.S. and 87 in S. Korea, which were selected through matched age and gender controls with Korean immigrant participants in the U.S. The average ages were 46.8 (Median = 47, SD = 12.5) of Korean immigrants in the U.S and 46.2 (Median = 46, SD = 12.7) of 87 native S. Koreans. Korean immigrants had a low level of acculturation and limited English proficiency. The level of health-promoting behaviors of Korean immigrants was higher than that of S. Koreans, especially in subscales of health promotion, nutrition, and safety. Social resourcefulness was a key predictor of health-promoting behaviors and mental well-being among Korean immigrants. Also, self-control was a dominant mediator on the relationship between behavioral acculturation and mental well-being. Increasing acculturation and English ability for Korean immigrants, as well as increasing self-control, family functioning, and social resourcefulness were found to be important to improve integrating Korean immigrants into the U.S. These findings provide essential information that all health care professionals can use to increase their awareness of the importance of appropriately treating individuals with different cultural perspectives as well as diverse populations coming from varied countries. / text

<p>Religious observance has been reliably shown to improve a wide variety of health outcomes across the lifespan. Significant work has already been done to find mediating processes that explain this relationship, but as yet no studies have been published that attempt to integrate these mediators into a single model to see if they all work together. The current study presents three possible mediators of the religiosity-health link: social support, self-control, and reliance on others. Participants were recruited from Amazon.com’s Mechanical Turk worker system (N = 112) for a 14-day diary study in which all relevant constructs were measured on a daily basis, with daily health behaviors being the outcome. Social support, self-control, and reliance on others were all found to be simultaneous partial mediators of the religiosity-health link, though some questions remain as to the causal flow between religiosity and each of these mediators. It is concluded that each of these mechanisms is related to religiosity and in turn aid in the pursuit of superior health.</p> / Dissertation

This dissertation consists of three empirical essays on distortions in labor market outcomes in developing countries. Chapter 1 tests for downward nominal wage rigidity in markets for casual daily agricultural labor. It examines responses to rainfall shocks in 500 Indian districts from 1956-2008. First, nominal wages rise in response to positive shocks but do not fall during droughts. Second, after transitory positive shocks have dissipated, nominal wages do not fall back down. Third, inflation moderates these effects. Fourth, rigidities lower employment: landless laborers experience a 6% reduction in employment in the year after positive shocks. Fifth, consistent with separation failures, rationing leads to increased labor supply to small farms. New survey evidence suggests that agricultural workers and employers view nominal wage cuts as unfair and believe that they reduce effort. Chapter 2 (with Michael Kremer and Sendhil Mullainathan) describes the results of a field experiment that tests for self-control problems in labor supply. First, we find that workers will choose dominated contracts—which pay less for every output level but have a steeper slope—to motivate themselves. Second, effort increases significantly as workers’ (randomly assigned) payday gets closer. Third, the demand for dominated contracts (and their benefits) is concentrated amongst those with the highest payday effects. Finally, as workers gain experience, they appear to learn about their self control problems: the correlation between the payday effect and the demand for the dominated contract grows with experience. These results together suggest that self-control, in this context at least, meaningfully alters the firm’s contracting problem. Chapter 3 empirically examines the impact of multiple market failures on allocative efficiency in farm production in poor countries. In years when labor rationing is more likely in villages (due to wage rigidity), there is a 63% increase in sharecropped and leased land by small farmers. This is consistent with the prediction that distortions from a failure in one market can be reduced by reallocating other factors of production. In areas with worse credit access, there is less land adjustment in response to labor rationing. These results provide evidence for separation failures resulting from multiple missing markets.

Summary Mental health – it is mental and social wealth of person, that ensures proper physical, intellectual and emotional communication which doesn’t prevent the development of other people (Dictionary of Sport Terms, 2002). Mental health is defined by three fundamental components: sense of harmony, self-control, and stress level. Problem in question: Whether instruments of psychological influence are efficient to the development of students’ mental health while exercising? Hypothesis: we presume that instruments of psychological influence positively affect the students’, who play basketball, mental health. Object: Peculiarities of thirteen-year-old students’ who play basketball, mental health training using instruments of psychological influence. Goal of research: Identify the peculiarities of thirteen-year-old students’ who play basketball, mental health training using instruments of psychological influence. Tasks: Disclose the mental health of thirteen-year-old students, who play basketball, before the experiment and after its completion; evaluate the students’ sense of harmony before the experiment and after its completion; evaluate the level of students’ self-control before the experiment and after its completion; define the level of students’ stress before the experiment and after its completion. Results and findings: Results of mental health in control and experimental students’ groups statistically didn’t differ significantly (p>0.05) before experiment. Level of... [to full text]

Probleminis klausimas: Ar ugdymo programa padeda ugdyti žaidžiančių krepšinį moksleivių savikontrolės ir bendravimo įgūdžius? Probleminio klausimo formulavimas leido iškelti hipotezę: Po ugdymo programos žaidžianči�� krepšinį moksleivių savikontrolės ir bendravimo įgūdžiai yra aukštesnio lygio. Tyrimo tikslas: atskleisti krepšinį žaidžiančių moksleivių savikontrolės ir bendravimo įgūdžių ugdymo ypatumus. Uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti krepšinį žaidžiančių moksleivių (vaikinų ir merginų) savikontrolės ir bendravimo įgūdžių lygį. 2. Ugdomuoju eksperimentu atskleisti ugdymo programos poveikį krepšinį žaidžiančių moksleivių socialinės ir varžybin��s savikontrolės įgūdžiams. 3. Ugdomuoju eksperimentu nustatyti ugdymo programos poveikį krepšinį žaidžiančių moksleivių verbaliniams, neverbaliniams, situaciniams ir varžybiniams (kodavimo, dekodavimo) bendravimo įgūdžiams. Anketinei apklausai buvo panaudotos 3 LKKA psichologijos ir pedagogikos katedroje aprobuotos metodikos. Tyrimas buvo atliekamas Kauno miesto mokyklose, buvo ištirta 147 žaidžiantys krepšinį moksleiviai (15–16 metų), tarp kurių 78 vaikinai ir 69 merginos. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad žaidžiančių krepšinį vaikinų savikontrolės įgūdžiai yra geresni (p< 0,05), nei žaidžiančių krepšinį merginų. Merginų ir vaikinų socialiniai gebėjimai yra panašaus lygio (p>0,05). Vaikinų kodavimo ir dekodavimo įgūdžiai yra aukštesnio lygio (p<0,05), nei merginų Po ugdomojo eksperimento krepšinį žaidžiančių moksleivių socialinės ir varžybinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Problematic question of my work is: Does the training program help educate self–control and communication skills of pupil basketball payers? The problematic question let me hypothesize. The pupil basketball player’s self–control and communication skills become better after training program. The objective of investigation is to reveal the self–control and communication skills training peculiarity of basketball – playing pupil. The goals of investigation are: 1. To ascertain the self–control and communication skills level of basketball – playing pupil (boys and girls). 2. To reveal the effect of education program of basketball – playing pupil social and competitive self – control with education experiment 3. To reveal the effect of education program of basketball – playing pupil verbal, nonverbal, situational and competitive (encode and decode) with education experiment Questionnaires poll. There were used 3 LKKA sanctioned method of psychology and pedagogy department. The research was carried out in Kaunas city secondary schools. In this research participated 147 basketball – playing pupil (15 – 16 year old): 78 boys and 69 girls. During research were examined, that basketball – playing boys self – control skills are better (p<0,05), then basketball – playing girls. Basketball – playing boys and girls social skills are similar level (p>0,05). Basketball – playing boys code and encode skills is higher level then girls (p<0,05). After education program basketball – playing... [to full text]

In our daily lives, we often make decisions that require the use of self-control, weighing trade-offs between various attributes: for example, selecting a food based on its health rather than its taste. Previous research suggests that re-weighting attributes may rely on selective attention, associated with decreased neural oscillations over posterior brain regions in the alpha (8-12 Hz) frequency range. Here, we utilized the high temporal resolution and whole-brain coverage of electroencephalography (EEG) to test this hypothesis in data collected from hungry human subjects exercising dietary self-control. Prior analysis of this data has found time-locked neural activity associated with each food’s perceived taste and health properties from approximately 400 to 650 ms after stimulus onset (Harris et al., 2013). We conducted time-frequency analyses to examine the role of alpha-band oscillations in this attribute weighting. Specifically, we predicted that there would be decreased alpha power in posterior electrodes beginning approximately 400 ms after stimulus onset for the presentation of healthy food relative to unhealthy food, reflecting shifts in selective attention. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found a significant decrease in alpha power for presentations of healthy relative to unhealthy foods. As predicted, this effect was most pronounced at posterior occipital and parietal electrodes and was significant from approximately 450 to 700 ms post-stimulus onset. Additionally, we found significant alpha-band decreases in right temporal electrodes during these times. These results extend previous attention research to multi-attribute choice, suggesting that the re-weighting of attributes can be measured neuro-computationally.