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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Automatická tvorba tezauru z wikipedie / Acquiring Thesauri from Wikipedia

Novák, Ján January 2011 (has links)
This thesis deals with automatic acquiring thesauri from Wikipedia. It describes Wikipedia as a suitable data set for thesauri acquiring and also methods for computing semantic similarity of terms are described. The thesis also contains a description of concepts and implementation of the system for automatic thesauri acquiring. Finally, the implemented system is evaluated by the standard metrics, such as precision or recall.
92

Získávání skrytých znalostí z online dat souvisejících s vysokými školami

Hlaváč, Jakub January 2019 (has links)
Social networks are a popular form of communication. They are also used by universities in order to simplify information providing and addressing candidates for study. Foreign study stays are also a popular form of education. Students, however, encounter a number of obstacles. The results of this work can help universities make their social network communication more efficient and better support foreign studies. In this work, the data from Facebook related to Czech universities and the Erasmus program questionnaire data were analyzed in order to find useful knowledge. The main emphasis was on textual content of communication. The statistical and machine learning methods, including mostly feature selection, topic modeling and clustering were used. The results reveal interesting and popular topics discussed on Czech universities social networks. The main problems of students related to their foreign studies were identified too and some of them were compared for countries and universities.
93

Script pro zpracování obrazu / Script Language for Image Processing

Zuzaňák, Jiří Unknown Date (has links)
This thesis deals with design of scripting language, especially specified for effective image processing. Introduction of this thesis is focused on studying and also appropriation of methodology of compilers and interpreters design, include their following application in design of the scripting language and as well its interpreter. Another point of my work is showing the methods of design and implementation of the interpreter including automated methods used in the design of the implemented program. Next part deals with description of structure and implementation of the designed program, intended for generating compiler of any language which is described in input of this program. The conclusion of this work is more detailing description of the scripting language design; its implementation is based on the methods mentioned before.
94

Разработка автоматизированной системы комплексного структурно - семантического и тематического анализа естественно языковых текстов : магистерская диссертация / Development of an automated system for complex structural - semantic and thematic analysis of natural language texts

Петрова, А. И., Petrova, A. I. January 2020 (has links)
Актуальность темы обусловлена потребностью предприятий во внедрении, в качестве основы всех предоставляемых продуктов и услуг, автоматизированной системы комплексного структурно - семантического и тематического анализа естественно языковых текстов (русскоязычного лингвистического анализатора). Целью работы является разработка автоматизированной системы комплексного структурно - семантического и тематического анализа естественно языковых текстов, а именно эффективного русскоязычного лингвистического анализатора, способного безошибочно определять части речи слов и их морфологические характеристики, так как на момент создания компании Privacy Safeguard Co таковые отсутствовали на рынке. Результаты работы – практическим результатом работы стала разработанная автоматизированная система комплексного структурно - семантического и тематического анализа естественно языковых текстов (русскоязычный лингвистического анализатора). / The relevance of the topic is due to the need for enterprises to implement, as the basis for all provided products and services, an automated system for complex structural - semantic and thematic analysis of natural language texts (Russian-language linguistic analyzer). The aim of the work is to develop an automated system for complex structural, semantic and thematic analysis of natural language texts, namely, an effective Russian-language linguistic analyzer capable of accurately determining the parts of speech of words and their morphological characteristics, since at the time of the creation of Privacy Safeguard Co there were none on the market. Results of the work - the practical result of the work was the developed automated system for complex structural - semantic and thematic analysis of natural language texts (Russian-language linguistic analyzer).
95

Разработка инструмента для планирования и контроля заказов на производстве литий-ионных аккумуляторов в «1C: ERP Управление предприятием» : магистерская диссертация / Development of software tool for schedule and resources planning laity-ions buttery for order control and management base on ERP-system “1C: ERP Enterprise”

Бородулина, А. Д., Borodulina, A. D. January 2023 (has links)
В рамках работы были исследованы методы построения систем планирования и управления предприятием класса ERP-систем. Цель работы – разработка программного инструмента в «1С: ERP Управление предприятием 2», позволяющего вести учет всех заказов, предстоящих и уже выполняющихся на предприятии. В ходе исследования был разработан рабочий прототип учета и планирования производства заказов на предприятии по производству литий-ионных аккумуляторов с использованием ERP-системы «1С-Предприятие». / Within the framework of this work, a study was made of the existing types of scheduler and enterprise resources planning system methods. An analysis of the existing question-answer systems was carried out. The goal of work id development software tool for schedule and resources planning for order control and management of laity-ions buttery base on ERP-system “1C: ERP Enterprise”. In the course of the study, a working prototype of schedule and resources planning for order control and management base on ERP-system “1C: ERP Enterprise” was developed.
96

Latent Semantic Analysis, Corpus stylistics and Machine Learning Stylometry for Translational and Authorial Style Analysis: The Case of Denys Johnson-Davies’ Translations into English

Al Batineh, Mohammed S. 22 April 2015 (has links)
No description available.
97

Les chercheurs, leur discipline, leurs publics: l’orientation de la recherche en sciences sociales et humaines

Landry, Julien 01 1900 (has links)
Réalisé en association avec le Centre interuniversitaire de recherche sur la science et la technologie (CIRST). / Inspirée par les débats portant sur la typologie de la recherche proposée par Michael Burawoy (2005b) et fondée sur une analyse qualitative de vingt-cinq entrevues auprès de professeurs en histoire, en économie et en sociologie, notre investigation a comme but d’identifier et de décrire l’organisation sociale du sens de la recherche en fonction de ses auditoires et ses visées cognitives. À partir d’une analyse sémantique du langage et des repères construits par les acteurs dans leurs expériences de production et de diffusion de connaissances, nous étudions premièrement l’organisation des pratiques de recherche dans l’espace académique, puis l’extension de ces pratiques vers d’autres champs d’activités sociales. Cette analyse nous permet de revenir sur la typologie de Burawoy et d’apporter quelques corrections quant aux distinctions entre les connaissances professionnelle, critique, appliquée et publique. À cet égard, nous proposons que ces « types » de recherche doivent être décomposés en de multiples postures qui s’inscrivent d’une part dans une différenciation des espaces discursifs académiques et d’autre part à l’interface de différents modes d’intervention extra-académique. / Our study of the orientation of research in the social sciences and humanities is a response to Micheal Burawoy’s typology of knowledge production. The objective of this investigation is to identify and describe the social organisation of the meaning of research as scholars attempt to reach different audiences and as their investigations are routed towards particular cognitive aims. Having conducted twenty-five in-depth interviews with historians, sociologists and economists, we analysed their interpretations of research practices in relation to the social space of academia and in regards to the extension of academic activities towards other social spaces. This analysis is then mobilised to comment on Michael Burawoy’s typology of research as we attempt to correct some of the distinctions he makes between professional, critical, policy and public knowledge. Notably, we suggest that these “types” should be broken down into multiple postures understood in relation to a segmentation of academic discursive fields and a differentiation of extra-academic modes of intervention.
98

Modélisation sémantique des bases de données d'inventaires en cycle de vie / Semantic modelling of life cycle inventory databases

Bertin, Benjamin 25 June 2013 (has links)
L'analyse des impacts environnementaux de la production de biens et de services est aujourd'hui devenue un enjeu majeur. L'analyse en cycle de vie est la méthode consacrée pour modéliser les impacts environnementaux des activités humaines. L'inventaire en cycle de vie, qui est l'une des étapes de cette méthode, consiste à décomposer les activités économiques en processus interdépendants. Chaque processus a des impacts environnementaux et la composition de ces processus nous donne l'impact cumulé des activités étudiées. Plusieurs entreprises et agences gouvernementales fournissent des bases de données d'inventaires en cycle de vie pour que les experts puissent réutiliser des processus déjà étudiés lors de l'analyse d'un nouveau système. L'audit et la compréhension de ces inventaires nécessite de s'intéresser à un très grand nombre de processus et à leurs relations d'interdépendance. Ces bases de données peuvent comporter plusieurs milliers de processus et des dizaines de milliers de relations de dépendance. Pour les experts qui utilisent les bases de données d'inventaire en cycle de vie, deux problèmes importants sont clairement identifiés : - organiser les processus pour avoir une meilleure compréhensibilité du modèle ; - calculer les impacts d'une modélisation (composition de processus) et, le cas échéant, détecter les raisons de la non convergence du calcul. Dans cette thèse, nous : - mettons en évidence de l'existence de similarités sémantiques entre les processus et leurs relations d'interdépendance et proposons une nouvelle approche pour modéliser les relations d'interdépendance entre les processus d'une base de données d'inventaire. Elle se base sur un étiquetage sémantique des processus à l'aide d'une ontologie et une modélisation multi-niveaux des relations d'interdépendance entre les processus. Nous étudions aussi deux approches déclaratives d'interaction avec ce modèle multi-niveau. - étudions les différentes méthodes de calcul des impacts basées sur des notions classiques d'algèbre linéaire et de théorie des graphes. Nous étudions aussi les conditions de non convergence de ces méthodes en présence de cycle dans le modèle des relations de dépendances. Un prototype implémentant cette approche a montré des résultats probants sur les cas étudiés. Nous avons réalisé une étude de cas de ce prototype sur les processus de production d'électricité aux États-Unis extraits de la base de données d'inventaire en cycle de vie de l'agence environnementale américaine. Ce prototype est à la base d'une application opérationnelle utilisée par l'entreprise. / Environmental impact assessment of goods and services is nowadays a major challenge for both economic and ethical reasons. Life Cycle Assessment provides a well accepted methodology for modeling environmental impacts of human activities. This methodology relies on the decomposition of a studied system into interdependent processes in a step called Life Cycle Inventory. Every process has several environmental impacts and the composition of those processes provides the cumulated environmental impact for the studied human activities. Several organizations provide processes databases containing several thousands of processes with their interdependency links that are used by LCA practitioners to do an LCA study. Understanding and audit of those databases requires to analyze a huge amount of processes and their dependency relations. But those databases can contain thousands of processes linked together. We identified two problems that the experts faces using those databases: - organize the processes and their dependency relations to improve the comprehensibility; - calculate the impacts and, if it is not possible, find why it is not feasible. In this thesis, we: - show that there are some semantic similarities between the processes and their dependency relations and propose a new way to model the dependency relations in an inventory database. In our approach, we semantically index the processes using an ontology and we use a multi-layers model of the dependency relations. We also study a declarative approach of this multi-layers approach; - propose a method to calculate the environmental impacts of the processes based on linear algebra and graph theory, and we study the conditions of the feasibility of this calculation when we have a cyclic model. We developed a prototype based on this approach that showed some convincing results on different use cases. We tested our prototype on a case study based on a data set extracted from the National Renewable Energy restricted to the electricity production in the United-States.
99

介系詞In/On片語語意分析:以母語及學習者語料庫為基礎之研究 / Semantic analysis of in/on prepositional phrases: A study based on english native speaker corpus and learner corpus

曾郁雯, Tseng, Yu Wen Unknown Date (has links)
過去多數英文介系詞語意之研究皆以介系詞為多義詞,並藉由語意網絡去分析其詞義(e.g. Lindner, 1983; Tyler and Evans, 2001),或透過意象圖式理論(image schema theory)來探究介系詞語意,依不同的前景名詞(figure)與背景名詞(ground)組成可產生不同的形貌結構,從而衍生出其特殊語意(e.g. Lakoff, 1987)。然而,有關介系詞片語中詞彙搭配詞組如何影響介系詞使用之研究則較不多見。故本論文著重在分析前景與背景名詞等搭配詞組之語意特徵,探究其對介系詞in和on語意及介系詞片語組成之影響。以英國國家語料庫(British National Corpus)和政治大學外語學習者語料庫(The NCCU Foreign Language Learner Corpus)作分析,比較學習者與以英語為母語者使用in和on介系詞片語在語意上的差異。 本研究共分三部分。第一部分的詞義分析比較學習者與母語人士在使用in與on之詞義之異同,在介系詞in的部分,學習者與母語人士語料相較之下僅有細微的差異,多數語料皆為原型場景(proto-scene)之詞義的使用。介系詞on的詞義使用則稍有不同;學習者較傾向作具體位置的指涉,然母語者則較傾向呈現此介系詞的抽象意涵。第二部分的語意特徵分析則比較介系詞in和on在具體(literal)與抽象(metaphorical)片語組成上,前景與背景語意特徵之異同。研究結果顯示不同的介系詞片語會由特定類型的前景與背景名詞組成,故在組成不同語意之介系詞片語時,特定語意特徵出現的頻率會呈現顯著性地差異。第三部分為學習者語料的錯誤分析,探究學習者誤用in和on介系詞片語之情形。 綜合上述研究結果可得知,組成介系詞片語的名詞詞組會依上下文語意而產生不同之語意偏好(semantic preferences),介系詞的語意除了會受到後接名詞的影響,周圍名詞也可能造成語意上的差異。這些名詞可能會選擇特定的介系詞來使用,亦會影響介系詞在片語中之語意。 本論文深入地探討了介系詞片語詞組之組成,透過大量的語料分析,為英語介系詞複雜的語意層面提出了一個較系統化且完整之解釋,期能將研究發現應用於教材設計上,希望能在學習介系詞使用上有所幫助,也供未來介系詞相關研究作為參考。 / The meanings of English preposition have been explored greatly through vast directions of research. Most studies agree that preposition is a polysemous lexical item whose senses can be construed from the semantic network (e.g. Lindner, 1983; Tyler and Evans, 2001). Its senses has also been examined under the image-schema theory from the cognitive perspective (e.g. Lakoff, 1987), in which the figure (or trajector) and ground (or landmark) interact differently to form various configurations that contribute to sets of distinct senses. Though these studies attempt to provide a comprehensive network for the meanings of prepositions, how the semantic features of the figure and ground might influence the choice of a preposition and the construction of a prepositional phrase is hardly seen. The thesis adopted a native speaker corpus (British National Corpus, BNC) and a learner corpus (The NCCU Foreign Language Learner Corpus, NCCU) to probe into how the semantic features of the figure and ground nouns can help explicate the semantic profiles of the preposition in and on, and to compare learners’ understanding of them with that of the native speakers’. Based on the corpora, the study is composed of three major analyses. The sense analysis compared the sense distributions of in and on, from which similarities and differences may be found between BNC and NCCU. The result of this analysis showed that in the sense categories of in, the distribution did not differ greatly since most of the data were categorized into the proto-scene sense in both BNC and NCCU, and only slight variations could be found in other categories. In the sense categories of on, in senses that refer to location, higher frequency could be found in NCCU, while more metaphorical constructions of on were identified in BNC. In the second analysis, the semantic feature analysis, the distribution of the semantic features are compared between literal and metaphorical constructions of in and on and between BNC and NCCU respectively. For the comparison of in and on, the statistical results showed that different types of nouns could be observed in the data of particular prepositions. Thus, for nouns in prepositions of different meanings, there may be significant differences in the semantic features identified in these nouns This result implied that the nouns surrounding a preposition might have some influences toward the meaning of this preposition. In the third analysis, the errors in the learner data were identified and examined. Based on the results, we proposed that in a prepositional phrase formed by a particular meaning of a preposition, there exist a range of semantic preferences shown in their co-text. The meanings of a preposition are influenced by the lexical words surrounding the preposition, rather than by the word that goes after the preposition (the ground). This thesis extends from the previous studies on the semantics of prepositions and includes the important linguistic elements in forming the prepositional phrases in the analysis. By incorporating a large amount of data, it also provides a systematic analysis and a more comprehensive explanation toward the complex semantics of English prepositions. The findings can be applied to the design of English teaching materials and techniques and may hopefully bring some insights to further preposition-related studies.
100

Résumé automatique de parole pour un accès efficace aux bases de données audio

Favre, Benoit 19 March 2007 (has links) (PDF)
L'avènement du numérique permet de stocker de grandes quantités de parole à moindre coût. Malgré les récentes avancées en recherche documentaire audio, il reste difficile d'exploiter les documents à cause du temps nécessaire pour les écouter. Nous tentons d'atténuer cet inconvénient en produisant un résumé automatique parlé à partir des informations les plus importantes. Pour y parvenir, une méthode de résumé par extraction est appliquée au contenu parlé, transcrit et structuré automatiquement. La transcription enrichie est réalisée grâce aux outils Speeral et Alize développés au LIA. Nous complétons cette chaîne de structuration par une segmentation en phrases et une détection des entités nommées, deux caractéristiques importantes pour le résumé par extraction. La méthode de résumé proposée prend en compte les contraintes imposées par des données audio et par des interactions avec l'utilisateur. De plus, cette méthode intègre une projection dans un espace pseudo-sémantique des phrases. Les différents modules mis en place aboutissent à un démonstrateur complet facilitant l'étude des interactions avec l'utilisateur. En l'absence de données d'évaluation sur la parole, la méthode de résumé est évaluée sur le texte lors de la campagne DUC 2006. Nous simulons l'impact d'un contenu parlé en dégradant artificiellement les données de cette même campagne. Enfin, l'ensemble de la chaîne de traitement est mise en œuvre au sein d'un démonstrateur facilitant l'accès aux émissions radiophoniques de la campagne ESTER. Nous proposons, dans le cadre de ce démonstrateur, une frise chronologique interactive complémentaire au résumé parlé.

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