Este trabalho consiste em aplicar a técnica de identificação de perigos e análise de risco conhecida como Análise de Modos de Falha e Efeitos (AMFE) ao Sistema de Resfriamento de Emergência (SRE) de uma instalação nuclear experimental, cuja função é a de mitigar as conseqüências de um eventual acidente de perda de refrigerante no circuito primário de um reator a água pressurizada. Esse tipo de análise tem como objetivo identificar as possíveis vulnerabilidades desse sistema e propor melhorias de modo a maximizar sua confiabilidade. Para isso foi realizado o estudo detalhado do sistema (por intermédio de sua documentação técnica), obtido o diagrama de blocos correspondente, feita a análise do tipo AMFE e, finalmente, apresentadas algumas sugestões. / This study consists on the application of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), a hazard identification and a risk assessment technique, to the Emergency Cooling System (ECS) of an experimental nuclear power plant, which is responsible for mitigating the consequences of an eventual loss of coolant accident on the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). Such analysis intends to identify possible weaknesses on the design of the system and propose some improvements in order to maximize its reliability. To achieve this goal a detailed study of the system was carried on (through its technical documentation), the correspondent reliability block diagram was obtained, the FMEA analysis was executed and, finally, some suggestions were presented.

Este trabalho consiste em aplicar a técnica de identificação de perigos e análise de risco conhecida como Análise de Modos de Falha e Efeitos (AMFE) ao Sistema de Resfriamento de Emergência (SRE) de uma instalação nuclear experimental, cuja função é a de mitigar as conseqüências de um eventual acidente de perda de refrigerante no circuito primário de um reator a água pressurizada. Esse tipo de análise tem como objetivo identificar as possíveis vulnerabilidades desse sistema e propor melhorias de modo a maximizar sua confiabilidade. Para isso foi realizado o estudo detalhado do sistema (por intermédio de sua documentação técnica), obtido o diagrama de blocos correspondente, feita a análise do tipo AMFE e, finalmente, apresentadas algumas sugestões. / This study consists on the application of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), a hazard identification and a risk assessment technique, to the Emergency Cooling System (ECS) of an experimental nuclear power plant, which is responsible for mitigating the consequences of an eventual loss of coolant accident on the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). Such analysis intends to identify possible weaknesses on the design of the system and propose some improvements in order to maximize its reliability. To achieve this goal a detailed study of the system was carried on (through its technical documentation), the correspondent reliability block diagram was obtained, the FMEA analysis was executed and, finally, some suggestions were presented.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-28T19:35:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 elisangelaaparecidadasilva.pdf: 2177842 bytes, checksum: 0d18c613cb79564732c9003bd933cac9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-05-02T01:15:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 elisangelaaparecidadasilva.pdf: 2177842 bytes, checksum: 0d18c613cb79564732c9003bd933cac9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T01:15:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 elisangelaaparecidadasilva.pdf: 2177842 bytes, checksum: 0d18c613cb79564732c9003bd933cac9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-29 / O presente trabalho objetivou analisar o uso do Programa de Avaliação da Aprendizagem Escolar (PAAE) em seis escolas de ensino médio da SRE de Janaúba. As escolas selecionadas participaram do extinto projeto Escola-referência e por isso têm registrado mais tempo de experiência com o PAAE. O enfoque da pesquisa foi captar informações que revelassem o que é executado pelas escolas em relação ao programa e verificar se esse uso se aproxima dos objetivos declarados pelos idealizadores do PAAE. Para atingir esse propósito, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental e uma pesquisa empírica (entrevista de roteiro semiestruturado com os gestores escolares e questionários aplicados aos docentes das disciplinas avaliadas no programa). O referencial teórico se baseou em Mainardes(2006) e sua obra sobre análise do ciclo de políticas, Weiss (1998) com sua discussão sobre avaliação de programas, entre outros autores que tratam da temática da avaliação. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que o programa é subutilizado pelas escolas e a motivação desta subutilização tem por causa fatores mais relacionados às escolas do que ao próprio programa. O Plano de Ação Educacional propõe a realização de um conjunto de ações que possam contribuir para a otimização do uso do PAAE pelas escolas. / This aimed study to analyze the use of the Program Evaluation School Learning (PAAE) in six high schools SRE Janaúba. The selected schools participated in school-defunct project reference and so have logged more time to experiment with the PAAE. The focus of the research was to obtain information that would reveal which runs the schools in the program and whether such use is approaching the goals declared by the creators of the PAAE. To achieve this purpose, was performed documentary research and empirical research (semistructured interview script with the school managers and questionnaires to teachers of subjects evaluated in the program). The theoretical framework was based on Mainardes (2006) and his work on the analysis of the policy cycle, Weiss (1998) in his discussion of program evaluation, and other writers on the subject of evaluation. The survey results indicate that the program is underutilized by the schools and the motivation of this underutilization is because factors related to schools than the program itself. The Action Plan for Educational proposes to carry out set of actions that may contribute to the optimization of PAAE by schools.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-29T10:37:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 celioserafimdossantos.pdf: 1555484 bytes, checksum: c2d93f89a6a26736fe6511c6b15c9e66 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-05-02T01:16:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 celioserafimdossantos.pdf: 1555484 bytes, checksum: c2d93f89a6a26736fe6511c6b15c9e66 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T01:16:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 celioserafimdossantos.pdf: 1555484 bytes, checksum: c2d93f89a6a26736fe6511c6b15c9e66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-13 / O presente trabalho tem a característica de ser um estudo de caso e objetivou identificar elementos de eficácia escolar na análise de uma escola estadual de Divinópolis/MG e propor um Plano de Ação visando melhorar os resultados educacionais das escolas circunscritas à SRE/Divinópolis. A instituição foi escolhida como objeto de pesquisa por sobressair-se em uma série histórica de resultados educacionais. Desde a edição de 2007, a escola tem atingido o maior IDEB do 9º ano dentre todas as unidades pertencentes à SRE e um dos mais altos índices do 5º ano. Destaca-se, também, que suas notas no SIMAVE são coerentes com os índices do IDEB. Em um primeiro momento, apresentou-se o caso de gestão e descreveu-se a escola. Em um segundo momento, procurou-se identificar e analisar elementos de escolas eficazes apontados no trabalho do Grupo de Avaliação e Medidas Educacionais, da UFMG, denominado Escola Eficaz: um estudo de caso em três escolas da rede pública de ensino do Estado de Minas Gerais. Os elementos de eficácia escolar presentes na unidade foco de pesquisa foram analisados à luz de referenciais teóricos de autores como José Francisco Soares, Maria Teresa Gonzaga Alves, Creso Franco, além de pesquisadores internacionais, como Sammons, Hillman e Mortimore. O percurso metodológico contempla pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e empírica, observação in loco, aplicação de questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas realizada com os gestores e equipe pedagógica. A pesquisa revela características de escolas eficazes, como uma gestão focada na dimensão pedagógica, professores qualificados, compromissados e com altas expectativas com relação aos alunos. Esses resultados da investigação fundamentam o capítulo propositivo, composto por ações direcionadas às escolas, circunscritas à SRE/Divinópolis, como a criação do Repositório Digital de Projetos Eficazes e também para a própria unidade investigada, como a reativação do grêmio estudantil e do laboratório de informática, a fim de que ela possa ampliar ainda mais suas possibilidades de sucesso enquanto referencial de gestão para a SRE. / The present work has the characteristic of being a case study aimed to identifying elements of school effectiveness through analysis of a state school in Divinópolis/MG and propose an Action Plan to improve educational outcomes of schools circumscribed to the SRE/Divinópolis. The institution was chosen as an object of research for excelling in a historical series of educational outcomes. Since the 2007 edition, the school has achieved the highest IDEB in the 9th year among all the units belonging to the SRE and one of the highest rates in the 5th year. It is noteworthy, too, that its grades in SIMAVE are consistent with the rates of IDEB. At first, one presented the management case and described the school. In a second step, one aimed to identify and analyze elements of effective schools highlighted in the work of the Evaluation Group and Educational Measures, from UFMG, called Effective School: a case study in three schools in the public school system of the State of Minas Gerais. The elements of school effectiveness in the focus research unit were analyzed in the light of theoretical frameworks of authors like José Francisco Soares, Maria Teresa Gonzaga Alves, Creso Franco, as well as international researchers, such as Sammons, Hillman and Mortimore. The methodological approach includes bibliographic, documental and empirical research, on-site observation, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews conducted with managers and pedagogical staff. The research reveals characteristics of effective schools with management focused on the pedagogical dimension, qualified, committed teachers with high expectations for students. These research findings underlying the propositional chapter, composed of actions directed at schools, circumscribed to the SRE/Divinópolis, such as the creation of the Digital Repository of Effective Projects and also directed for the unit investigated, for the reactivation of the student union and the computer lab, so that the school can further expand the chances of success while as a management referential for SRE.

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-08-23T18:52:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 katiaaparecidamagalhaesprovette.pdf: 3275344 bytes, checksum: 9cde8cb35920448cccc6af1fd1bc37d8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-08-28T12:31:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 katiaaparecidamagalhaesprovette.pdf: 3275344 bytes, checksum: 9cde8cb35920448cccc6af1fd1bc37d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-28T12:31:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 katiaaparecidamagalhaesprovette.pdf: 3275344 bytes, checksum: 9cde8cb35920448cccc6af1fd1bc37d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-26 / A presente dissertação é desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Avaliação da Educação Pública (PPGP) do Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (CAEd/UFJF). O caso de gestão aqui estudado descreve e analisa as designações buscando identificar entraves e dificuldades na troca de informações entre o Setor de Pagamento da Superintendência Regional de Ensino de Caratinga (SRE) e as escolas estaduais de sua circunscrição. Tais entraves e dificuldades ocasionam erros e inconsistências durante a inclusão de designações no Sistema de Administração de Pessoal do Estado de Minas Gerais (SISAP). Pretende-se conhecer como as informações e orientações referentes às designações são repassadas às escolas e a forma como as instituições de ensino tratam tais informações para realizar o trabalho com a folha de pagamento. O objetivo geral deste estudo é analisar os possíveis entraves ao fluxo de informações entre o setor de Pagamento da SRE Caratinga e as escolas estaduais de sua circunscrição, no que se refere às designações, trazendo propostas de intervenção para minimizar suas consequências. Os objetivos específicos são: (i) descrever como ocorre o fluxo de informações referentes às designações entre as escolas e o setor de Pagamento da SRE Caratinga; (ii) analisar o fluxo de informações entre escolas e o setor de Pagamento e identificar os problemas e os erros recorrentes nas designações; (iii) propor ações que minimizem a ocorrência de erros e aprimorem o funcionamento do setor de Pagamento da SRE Caratinga pela elevação do padrão de qualidade dos dados e informações prestados pelas escolas para a alimentação do SISAP. Para tanto a questão que norteia o presente caso é a seguinte: Como solucionar os entraves que dificultam/prejudicam o fluxo de informações entre as escolas e o setor de Pagamento da SRE Caratinga, no que se refere às designações de professores e demais servidores escolares? A metodologia usada na pesquisa tem cunho qualitativo com a utilização de levantamento e análise de dados obtidos por meio de pesquisa documental, entrevista semiestruturada com a coordenadora do setor de Pagamento, com a servidora que trabalha no balcão de atendimento e com dois taxadores, sendo um com experiência de pelo menos nove anos no setor e outro com ingresso mais recente nessa função, além da aplicação de questionário aos servidores responsáveis pela folha de pagamento das escolas da circunscrição da SRE Caratinga. A pesquisa possibilitou a confirmação da maioria das hipóteses e suposições iniciais, bem como apontou alguns achados que não constavam das expectativas iniciais da pesquisadora. / This thesis has been developed within the scope of the Professional Master of Management and Assessment of Public Education (PPGP) in the Center for Public Policies and Educational Assessment of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CAEd/UFJF). The management case studied here describes and analyzes the designations seeking to identify obstacles and difficulties in the exchange of information between the Payment Sector of the Regional Education Board of Caratinga (SRE)) and the state schools of its constituency. These obstacles and difficulties cause errors and inconsistencies during the inclusion of designations in the System of Administration of Personnel of the State of Minas Gerais (SISAP). It is intended to understand how the information and guidelines are passed on to schools and how these educational institutions treat such information and guidelines for carry out the work with the payroll. The general objective of this study is to analyze the possible obstacles to the flow of information between the Payment Sector of SRE Caratinga and the state schools of its circumscription, with regard to the designations, bringing intervention proposals to minimize their consequences. The specific objectives are: (i) to describe how the flow of information regarding designations between schools and the Payment Sector of SRE Caratinga occurs; (ii) analyze the flow of information between schools and the Payment Sector and identify recurring problems and errors in designations; (iii) propose actions that minimize the occurrence of errors and improve the operation of the Payment Sector of SRE Caratinga by raising the quality standard of data and information provided by schools for SISAP. To this end, the question that guides the present case is: How to solve the obstacles that hamper the information flow between schools and the Payment Sector of SRE Caratinga, with regard to the designations of teachers and other school employees? The research methodology is qualitative with the use of a survey and analysis of data obtained through documentary research, semi-structured interview with the SRE Caratinga Payment Sector coordinator, with the server that works at the service desk and with two taxpayers, being one with at least nine years' experience in the sector, besides the application of a questionnaire to the servers responsible for the payroll of the SRE Caratinga constituency schools. The empirical research made it possible to confirm most of the hypotheses and initial assumptions, as well as pointed out some findings that were not part of the initial expectations of the researcher.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-06T19:57:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arnaldofernandescorrea.pdf: 1337257 bytes, checksum: 10475519e434ae4106974b9bcb37665c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-07T16:11:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arnaldofernandescorrea.pdf: 1337257 bytes, checksum: 10475519e434ae4106974b9bcb37665c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T16:11:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arnaldofernandescorrea.pdf: 1337257 bytes, checksum: 10475519e434ae4106974b9bcb37665c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-12 / A proposta que as instituições públicas contemporâneas almejam é que os Estados brasileiros se transformem e construam no interior destas, ambientes de trabalho mais colaborativos, integrados, arrojados e técnicos. Esta dissertação pretende explicar o processo de implementação da Diretoria de Pessoal (DIPE) na Superintendência Regional de Ensino de Ubá (SRE/Ubá) que conforme a nova estrutura orgânica da Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Minas Gerais (SEE/MG) passou a vigorar a partir de 27/01/2011, mediante o Decreto nº 45.536, em todas as SREs. A pesquisa visa a contribuir para o entendimento da seguinte questão: A nova estrutura organizacional implementada na SRE/Ubá proporciona qualidade na prestação de serviço ao público em geral? Desse modo, o objetivo geral é analisar se esta nova estrutura está promovendo trabalhos alinhados às demandas do público que procura a SRE/Ubá. Os específicos focam em investigar se tal mudança proporciona cooperação estratégica governamental, a partir de melhor organização das funções, ao orientar os setores na busca de soluções eficazes para o alcance das metas pactuadas. Justifica-se o tema, uma vez que a DIPE caminha para superar dificuldades, apoiar e qualificar os servidores que atuam nesta área, tendo como foco a melhoria da qualidade dos serviços ofertados. A metodologia envolveu um Estudo de Caso cuja pesquisa de campo foi exploratória, descritiva e de cunho qualitativo, tendo como técnicas os seguintes instrumentos utilizados: questionário, entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado e análise documental tais como: leis, decretos e notas técnicas, além dos conceitos de alguns teóricos, a saber: Chiavenato, Bergue, Tachizawa, Paradela e Mello. A partir de alguns resultados apresentados, a DIPE proporcionou maior eficiência na execução dos trabalhos, bem como na assistência ao público, promovendo maior diálogo entre SRE-Escola, com consequente descentralização das tarefas e facilidade de comunicação, tornando assim, o serviço mais qualificado e ágil. / The proposal that contemporary public institutions crave is that Brazilian states to transform and build within them, work environments more collaborative, integrated, and daring technicians. This dissertation aims to explain the implementation process of the Directorate of Personnel (DIPE) in the Regional Superintendent of Education of Uba (SRE / Uba) that according to the new organizational structure of the State Department of Education of Minas Gerais (SEE / MG) became effective from 27/01/2011, by Decree No. 45,536, in all SREs. The research aims to contribute to understanding the following question: The new organizational structure implemented in SRE / Uba provides quality in providing service to the general public? Thus, the general objective is to analyze whether this new structure is promoting work aligned to the demands of the public who seeks SRE / Uba. The specific focus on investigating whether such a change provides strategic government cooperation, from better organization of functions, to guide the sector in seeking effective solutions to achieve the agreed targets. Justified the theme, since the DIPE walks to overcome difficulties, support and qualify the servers who work in this area, focusing on improving the quality of services offered. The methodology involved a case study whose field research was exploratory, descriptive and qualitative nature, with the techniques used the following instruments: questionnaire, semistructured interview and document analysis such as laws, decrees and technical notes, beyond concepts some theorists, namely: Chiavenato, Bergue, Tachizawa, Paradela and Mello. From some results presented in DIPE provided greater efficiency in the execution of the works, as well as assistance to the public, promoting greater dialogue between SRE-School, with consequent decentralization of tasks and ease of communication, thus making the most qualified service and agile.

This study examined students' perception between short research experiences (SRE) courses and full-semester course research experiences (CRE) using the Persistence in the Sciences (PITS) survey and the interview questionnaire. The study also aimed to correlate the influence of student's demographic as a predictive indicator for Project Ownership Scores (POS) and Quantitative Literacy (QL) score means. The three courses studied at the University of North Texas were Biology for Science Majors Laboratory (BIOL 1760 SRE), Microbiology with Tiny Earth (BIOL 2042 Tiny Earth SRE), and Introductory Biology Research Laboratory I (BIOL 1750 SEA-PHAGES CRE). The mean scores for the PITS categories leaned favorably towards the research component of each laboratory course assessed in this study. The interview questionnaire showed 66% of the students in the SRE courses and 90% of the students in the CRE course preferred the research component of the lab. Paired survey demographic analysis for BIOL 1760 SRE showed significance for the Science Community Values with associate/bachelor's degree. BIOL 1750 SEA-PHAGES CRE showed significance in three of the six categories when comparing means for Project Ownership Emotion, Self-Efficacy, and Science Identity with Gender. Binary logistics was used to build a regression model to predict demographics with approximately 65% to 75% accuracy for each course. When analyzing students' QL score, the demographic category "Ethnicity" showed significance for BIOL 2042 Tiny Earth SRE. Categorizing the correct response into two categories for the QL test scores, the SRE and CRE courses, and analyzing the PITS scores for paired data sets showed that there was significance in the Networking category for the question "I have discussed my research in this course with professors other than my course instructor." The validated PITS, POS, and interview questionnaire could be a tool for use to analyze laboratories at UNT that offer a SRE or CRE component and to understand students' perceptions on the effectiveness of the laboratory.

Hela samhället berörs av bristande kunskap och dåliga attityder kring sexualitet och sexuell hälsa. Syftet med studien var att beskriva ungdomars användning och upplevelse av informationskällor bland olika kunskapsområden inom sexualitet och sexuell hälsa, med en enkät. Resultatet visade att vänner/partners är den mest värdefulla informationskällan. Pornografi är en värdefull källa för kunskap om ”sätt att ha sex” och sociala medier är en värdefull källa för HBTQ+. Mest tillförlitliga informationskällorna var föräldrar/vårdnadshavare, ungdomsmottagning och vänner/partner. Den upplevda kunskapen om sex och samlevnad överlag uppnådde nivån “måttlig”, med bäst kunskaper inom preventivmedel och säkrare sex, och det viktigaste kunskapsområden upplevdes vara relationer. Studiens betydelsefullaste resultat visade att ungdomars upplevda kunskapsnivå inom ett område och upplevd tillförlitlighet av en källa korrelerar med hur värdefull ungdomar upplever informationskällan, inte i vilken omfattning informationskällan används. / The whole society is affected by the lack of knowledge and poor attitudes about sexuality and sexual health. The purpose of the study was to describe young people's use and experience of information sources among different areas of knowledge in sexuality and sexual health, with a questionnaire. The result showed that friends/partners are the most valuable source of information. Pornography is a valuable source of knowledge about ways of having sex, and social media is a valuable source of knowledge for LGBTQ+. The most reliable sources of information are parents, youth clinics and friends/partners. The perceived knowledge of sexuality and sexual health in general achieved the level “moderate”, with the best knowledge about contraception and safer sex, and the most important knowledge areas were perceived as relationships. The most significant results showed that young people's perceived level of knowledge in one area and perceived reliability of a source correlate with how valuable young people experience the information source, not to what extent the source of information is used.

This thesis investigates improved estimators of the parameters of the linear regression models with normal errors, under sample and non-sample prior information about the value of the parameters. The estimators considered are the unrestricted estimator (UE), restricted estimator (RE), shrinkage restricted estimator (SRE), preliminary test estimator (PTE), shrinkage preliminary test estimator (SPTE), and shrinkage estimator (SE). The performances of the estimators are investigated with respect to bias, squared error and linex loss. For the analyses of the risk functions of the estimators, analytical, graphical and numerical procedures are adopted. In Part I the SRE, SPTE and SE of the slope and intercept parameters of the simple linear regression model are considered. The performances of the estimators are investigated with respect to their biases and mean square errors. The efficiencies of the SRE, SPTE and SE relative to the UE are obtained. It is revealed that under certain conditions, SE outperforms the other estimators considered in this thesis. In Part II in addition to the likelihood ratio (LR) test, the Wald (W) and Lagrange multiplier (LM) tests are used to define the SPTE and SE of the parameter vector of the multiple linear regression model with normal errors. Moreover, the modified and size-corrected W, LR and LM tests are used in the definition of SPTE. It is revealed that a great deal of conflict exists among the quadratic biases (QB) and quadratic risks (QR) of the SPTEs under the three original tests. The use of the modified tests reduces the conflict among the QRs, but not among the QBs. However, the use of the size-corrected tests in the definition of the SPTE almost eliminates the conflict among both QBs and QRs. It is also revealed that there is a great deal of conflict among the performances of the SEs when the three original tests are used as the preliminary test statistics. With respect to quadratic bias, the W test statistic based SE outperforms that based on the LR and LM test statistics. However, with respect to the QR criterion, the LM test statistic based SE outperforms the W and LM test statistics based SEs, under certain conditions. In Part III the performance of the PTE of the slope parameter of the simple linear regression model is investigated under the linex loss function. This is motivated by increasing criticism of the squared error loss function for its inappropriateness in many real life situations where underestimation of a parameter is more serious than its overestimation or vice-versa. It is revealed that under the linex loss function the PTE outperforms the UE if the nonsample prior information about the value of the parameter is not too far from its true value. Like the linex loss function, the risk function of the PTE is also asymmetric. However, if the magnitude of the scale parameter of the linex loss is very small, the risk of the PTE is nearly symmetric.

No description available.