This study examined the relationship of the serve-specific core self-evaluation scale (SS-CSES) with serve performance of inter-collegiate volleyball athletes. The SSCSES is a modified version of the core self-evaluations scale (CSE). It was hypothesized that SS-CSES would be related to serve performance, that SS-CSE would be more related to serve performance than CSE, and that SS-CSE would have incremental validity over CSE when predicting serve performance. Responses to the two scales and selfassessments of server performance were collected online through self-report questionnaire. Additionally, NCAA serve statistics were collected by the researchers. Results indicated that SS-CSE was a stronger predictor of performance than CSE, and all other hypotheses were supported.

La maladie d'Alzheimer (MA) est une maladie neurodégénérative qui est la cause la plus fréquente de démence chez les personnes âgées. Il est proposé que celle-ci ait pour origine l'agrégation du peptide l'amyloïde-ß (Aß) qui, produit à l'état monomérique, est retrouvé sous formes de plaques séniles dans le cerveau des patients. Lors de l'agrégation, le peptide se retrouve sous plusieurs formes, dont les formes oligomériques qui présentent la plus grande toxicité envers les neurones. Bien qu'il existe une grande diversité de structures chimiques utilisées comme sondes des plaques séniles, le développement d'outils de détection des formes précoces du processus d'agrégation reste un défi scientifique majeur. Pour cela, il est nécessaire de connaitre à l'échelle moléculaire la nature du(des) site(s) d'interaction entre la sonde et le peptide. Ceci permettrait l'élaboration rationnelle de ligands plus spécifiques pour chaque forme du peptide Aß (monomère, oligomère,...). Dans le cadre de ces travaux de thèse, la mise au point de synthèses modulaires de différents dérivés du motif 2-aryl-benzothiazole connu pour son interaction avec les agrégats a été effectuée. Ces dérivés permettent l'étude de l'agrégation et de l'identification du(des) site(s) d'interaction par différentes techniques. Au cours de ces travaux, la synthèse et l'étude de quatre principaux dérivés du 2-aryl-benzothiazole ont été réalisées ; (i) un dérivé comportant une amine secondaire présentant des propriétés photophysiques intéressantes, obtenu en 11 étapes avec un rendement global de 23 % ; (ii) un dérivé avec un motif ferrocène pour des études en électrochimie, obtenu avec 13 % de rendement en 11 étapes ; (iii) un dérivé comportant un motif TEMPO radicalaire pour des études par RPE et RMN, obtenu avec un rendement 16 % en 10 étapes ; et (iv) un dérivé comportant un motif diazirine obtenu avec un rendement global de 8 % en 19 étapes pour une étude de marquage par photo-affinité (création d'un lien covalent après irradiation) suivi d'une étude par spectrométrie de masse. Outre les synthèses de ces sondes, des résultats préliminaires des études menées par études photophysiques, électrochimie, RPE, RMN et spectrométrie de masse seront présentées dans ce manuscrit. / Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people. It is proposed that it originates from the aggregation of amyloid-ß peptide (Aß), produced in the monomeric state, which is found as senile plaques in the brain of patients. During aggregation, the peptide is found in several forms, including oligomeric forms that are the most toxic to neurons. Although there is a wide variety of chemical structures used as probes for senile plaques, the development of tools to detect early forms of the aggregation process remains a major scientific challenge. To accomplish this, it is necessary to know, at the molecular level, the nature of the interaction site(s) between the probe and the peptide. This would allow the rational design of more specific ligands for each form of the Aß peptide (monomer, oligomer,...). As part of this thesis work, the development of modular syntheses of various derivatives of the 2-aryl-benzothiazole scaffold, known for its interaction with aggregates, was carried out. These derivatives allow the study of the aggregation and identification of the interaction site(s) by different techniques. During this work, the synthesis and study of four main 2-aryl-benzothiazole derivatives were carried out; (i) a derivative containing a secondary amine with interesting photophysical properties, obtained in 11 steps with an overall yield of 23%; (ii) a derivative with a ferrocene unit for electrochemistry studies, obtained with 13% yield in 11 steps; (iii) a derivative with a radical TEMPO moiety for EPR and NMR studies, obtained with a 16% yield in 10 steps; and (iv) a derivative with a diazirine unit obtained with an overall yield of 8% in 19 steps for photoaffinity labelling study (creation of a covalent bond after irradiation) followed by mass spectrometry analysis. In addition to the syntheses of these probes, preliminary results of studies conducted by fluorescence, electrochemistry, EPR, NMR and mass spectrometry will be presented in this manuscript.

STUDENT NO: 9902414P MA HUMANITIES SCHOOL OF HUMAN AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT / ABSTRACT Rationale: In the early 1990s, the Lidcombe Programme, which is a direct, parentconducted, operant intervention programme for early childhood stuttering, was introduced to therapists. Available data in Australia suggest that the Lidcombe Programme is an effective early communication intervention as it eliminates stuttered speech in the medium and long term and is able to maintain these effects for up to seven years post-treatment (Onslow, Costa & Rue, 1990; Onslow, Andrews & Lincoln, 1994; Lincoln & Onslow, 1997; Jones, Onslow, Harris & Packman, 2000). However, despite the plethora of research in Australia, no South African research appears to have previously been conducted to establish long-term results and maintenance of fluency following the administration of this programme with young children. Purpose: The present study endeavoured to establish long-term results and maintenance of fluency using the Lidcombe Programme with children who stutter. Participants: Nine children were recruited, ranging in age from six to eleven years who had undergone therapy using the Lidcombe Programme during the previous two to six years. The parents of these children also participated in the study. Method: As part of the Lidcombe Programme, the percentage syllables stuttered (%SS) and the severity rating score (SR) were recorded at the time of the assessment and termination of therapy. The researcher evaluated each participant’s speech in two different situations using the measurements of %SS and SR and then compared these scores to the %SS and SR score recorded at the initial assessment and termination of therapy to ascertain whether each participant’s speech had improved, deteriorated or remained consistent. An interview with the child’s parents was also conducted to obtain a qualitative assessment of the parent’s views of their child’s speech since the termination of therapy. Results: The Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed a significant decrease in %SS and SR between pre-treatment scores and scores recorded at the time of the study (p = 0.00195 & p = 0.00195 respectively). Four participants’ %SS obtained at the time of the study compared to immediately after termination of therapy had increased slightly although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.4375). All parents reported that they had noted improvement in their child’s speech since the termination of therapy except for one mother who reported that her child’s speech had remained the same. Conclusions: It would seem that the Lidcombe Programme was successful with this particular group of participants as all of the children demonstrated a definite decrease in stuttering following therapy compared to pre-treatment and had maintained the levels of fluency obtained post-treatment to the time of the study. These findings have implications for early communication intervention, training of speech-language pathologists, theory and future research. KEY WORDS: stuttering, Lidcombe Programme, children, severity rating (SR) percentage syllables stuttered (%SS)

No description available.

Today’s automotive industry evolves very quickly and new technology is integrated into vehicles every day. This technology creates many new actuator-controlled functions and sub-functions having different names and use in every car maker’s program. The thesis has been performed at ÅF Industry chassis department in Trollhättan, Sweden.  To get a clear overview and understanding, a benchmarking process have been made for a classic station wagon to sort out and categorize functions for five different car makers. The same process for another car model was also made parallel to this thesis by another student for wider results, while this thesis covers brake actuators and brake actuators in combination with other actuators that student covers other types of actuators. These benchmarking results were then put together and a screening was done to eliminate functions not relevant for my thesis. The remaining functions were analyzed more in depth and a datasheet was created for each function covering basics such as its functions, how it works, pros and cons, parameters and an estimated cost. This will be used for clarifying the functions for ÅF’s engineers when needed.   Evaluation of the function Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) was also done through testing at NEVS test track in Trollhättan with advanced and accurate test equipment. The ESP evaluated by a standardized test method SS-ISO 3888-2, Severe lane-change maneuver – Part 2: Obstacle avoidance where the track was completed in various speeds with ESP activated and ESP deactivated. By having ESP activated, control of the vehicle was gained and skidding was repealed. The results did not show off a great difference but there were clear signs and data that the ESP affected the vehicle in a positive way. / Dagens fordonsindustri utvecklas i ett rasande tempo där det kommer ny integrerande teknik varje dag som baseras på aktuatorer (ställdon). Denna teknik skapar många nya aktuatorbaserade funktioner och sub-funktioner som alla har olika benämningar och användningsområde inom varje biltillverkares utbud. Arbetet har utförts hos ÅF Industry chassiavdelningen i Trollhättan, Sverige   För att få en tydlig överblick och för att skapa förståelse, så har en benchmarking-process genomförts för en klassisk herrgårdsvagn för att sortera och kategorisera fem olika biltillverkares funktioner. Samma process har även genomförts parallellt av en annan student för bredare resultat. Detta arbete täcker funktioner som är baserade på bromsaktuatorer och bromsaktuatorer i kombination med andra aktuatorer medan den andra studentens arbete täcker andra sorters aktuatorer. Resultatet från bådas benchmarking lades ihop och en sållning gjordes för att avlägsna irrelevanta funktioner för denna rapport. De kvarvarande funktionerna analyserades mer på djupet och ett faktablad skapades där funktion, hur den fungerar, för- och nackdelar, parametrar och pris täcktes. Dessa kommer att användas när ÅFs ingenjörer är osäkra på vad det är för funktion och hur den fungerar.   Utvärdering av Electronic Stability Programme (ESP)- funktionen har gjorts genom testning på NEVS testbana i Trollhättan med avancerad och noggrann testutrustning. En standardiserad testmetod, SS-ISO 3888-2:2011 – Provbana för kraftig undanmanöver – Del 2: Undvikande av hinder, användes genom att köra testbanan i olika hastigheter med ESP aktiverat och med ESP avaktiverat. Genom att låta ESP vara aktiverat så fås ökad kontroll och sladd upphävs effektivt. Det var ingen markant skillnad i resultatet men det var tydligt att ESP:n påverkade kontrollen över fordonet positivt.

Ocean-continent convergence and subsequent continental collision are responsible for continental growth, mountain building, and severe tectonic events including volcanic eruptions and earthquake activity. They are also key driving forces behind the extensive thermal and compositional heterogeneities at crustal and mantle depths. Active subduction along the Calabrian Arc in southern Italy and the Hellenic Arc are examples of such collisional tectonics. The first part of this thesis examines the subduction related deformations within the crust beneath the southern Apennines. By modeling regional surface wave recordings of the largest temporary deployment in the southern Apennines, a lower-crustal/upper-mantle low-velocity volume extending down to 50 km beneath the mountain chain is identified. The magnitude (~ 0.4 km/s slower) and anisotropic nature (~ 10%) of the anomaly suggest the presence of hot and partially molten emplacement that may extend into the upper-crust towards Mt. Vulture, a once active volcano. Since the Apulian basement units are deformed during the compressional and consequent extensional events, our observations favor the ``thick-skin'' tectonic growth model for the region. In the deeper mantle, active processes are thermodynamically imprinted on the depth and strength of the phase transitions. This thesis examines more than 15000 SS precursors and provides the present-day reflectivity structure and topography associated with these phase transitions. Through case studies I present ample evidence for both slab penetration into the lower mantle (beneath the Hellenic Arc, Kurile Island and South America) and slab stagnation at the bottom of the Mantle Transition Zone (beneath the Tyrrhenian Sea and eastern China). Key findings include (1) thermal anomalies (~ 200 K) at the base of the MTZ, which represent the deep source for Cenozoic European Rift Zone, Mount Etna and Mount Cameroon volcanism, (2) significant depressions (by 20-40 km) at the bottom of the Mantle Transition Zone beneath subducting slabs, (3) a strong 520-km reflector near subducting slabs, (4) a weak and elevated (15-25 km) 410-km reflector within active deformation zones, (5) strong lower mantle reflectors (~ 900 km) while slabs penetrate into the lower mantle, and (6) consistency between the topography of a 300-km reflector and an exothermic phase transformation. / Geophysics

The purpose of this study has been to examine whether the bottom fauna of the stream Stensjöån, has been negatively influenced since the harvesting of peat began on the nearby peat moss Skäftesmyr or not. Comparison has been made with the results of index calculations from earlier examinations in the stream, two calculated indexes has been made, Danish fauna index and ASPT-index. The sampling was made with the kick sampling method, SS-EN 27 828. Three locations were chosen for the examination, one upstream from the peat moss, one just downstream from where the brook from the peat moss joins Stensjöån and a third location near the outlet of the stream to the lake Stensjön. The samples were sorted and the found animals identified to the taxonomic level required for the calculation of the two indexes. The results showed that two locations (Ulvsnäs and Axlarp) had unchanged very good index values, but the location near brook from the peat moss showed signs of negative influence. If it is the harvesting of peat on the peat moss that has been the cause of the negative influence or not is not covered in this study. / Undersökningen har syftat till att se om bottenfaunan i Stensjön och dess tillflöde Bokån har utsatts för någon negativ påverkan i jämförelse med tidigare undersökningar i avseende på beräkningar av Danskt faunaindex och ASPT-index sedan brytningen av torv inleddes på Skäftesmyr februari 2007. Detta undersöktes genom provtagning av bottenfaunan i enlighet med den så kallade sparkmetoden, SS-EN 27 828. Tre lokaler användes i undersökningen, där en lokal låg uppströms om Säftesmyr, en vid utloppet från Skäftesmyr och den tredje nedströms liggande punkten vid åns utlopp i Stensjön. Proverna sorterades och djuren identifierades till den taxonomiska nivå som krävdes av respektive grupp för att kunna göra indexberäkningarna. Danskt faunaindex och ASPT-index beräknades för de tre provtagningslokalerna, varav två lokaler (Axlarp och Ulvsnäs) gav oförändrat mycket bra värden, enligt naturvårdsverkets klassificering (Naturvårdsverket, 1999). Lokalen vid utloppet från Skäftesmyr uppvisade tecken på störning. Om störningen beror på torvbrytningen eller andra orsaker omfattas inte av denna undersökning.

Why do ordinary individuals participate in mass violence perpetrated against civilians? That is the question I will attempt to answer in the following paper. I consider these men ordinary to the extent that the majority was not socially deviant. Looking at the case of Nazi Germany, two groups stand out as good case studies: the SS Einsatzgruppen and the SS cadres in the Death camps. The following analysis will focus on the motivations of these men to commit mass murder. I argue for a causal sequence of action, beginning with the onset of Nazi ideology, further followed by the dehumanization of the victim and the brutalization of the perpetrator. I will demonstrate how the ideology present during German interwar society influenced these men into participation. Dehumanization and brutalization are complimentary factors that push these men into action.

Why do ordinary individuals participate in mass violence perpetrated against civilians? That is the question I will attempt to answer in the following paper. I consider these men ordinary to the extent that the majority was not socially deviant. Looking at the case of Nazi Germany, two groups stand out as good case studies: the SS Einsatzgruppen and the SS cadres in the Death camps. The following analysis will focus on the motivations of these men to commit mass murder. I argue for a causal sequence of action, beginning with the onset of Nazi ideology, further followed by the dehumanization of the victim and the brutalization of the perpetrator. I will demonstrate how the ideology present during German interwar society influenced these men into participation. Dehumanization and brutalization are complimentary factors that push these men into action.

No description available.