Tuberculosis was at the start of the 20th century one of the greatest diseases that afflicted the population in Sweden, as well as the rest of Europe. The industrial revolution had created a ripe breeding ground for the disease to spread as people moved from the countryside to the city. Most ended up living in poor, cramped, and unsanitary conditions. At the same time, Sweden was entering an era of social reform under a socialist government. The old and dirty was to be replaced with a new and clean modern society – a “people’s home” for every citizen. This essay explores how this new mentality, that highly valued cleanliness and health of both mind and body, affected those that were ill with tuberculosis and living at a sanatorium in southern Sweden. The source material used is a patients’ magazine from Fur sanatorium, that was published between 1932 and 1944. After selecting articles and poems published by patients and doctors in these magazines, a close reading allowed conclusions to be drawn regarding what the patients thought and felt about the ongoing social changes. Based on these results, it is apparent that the new, hyper-hygienic social norms put further pressure on the patients to conform in any way they could. They did not have a healthy body, so it was important that they had a heathy mind instead.

This master´s thesis deals with the design of architectural study of new facility for Sanatorium with speleotherapy for children Ostrov u Macochy. The construction area is located in the protected landscape area of Moravsky kras, near small town Ostrov u Macochy in Blansko county. The main ambition of this study is to fully use the potential of target area. Children sanatorium mainly focuses on the treatment of respiratory diseases by using speleotherapy. They use nearby cave system for these purposes. This project consists of three main buildings – accommodation for patients, sanatorium and guest house. These objects are designed as well-functioning and cooperative complex which along with pleasant surroundings will satisfy all requirements needed for operating such a facility. The urban solution allows easy access to the centre of city Ostrov u Machochy and also into therapeutic caves. The final form of this study respects all important aspects of affected area and tries to naturally integrate into surrounding nature.

<p>This thesis explores the ethnohistory of Church- and State-mediated tuberculosis treatment for Inuit of the Cumberland Sound region from 1930 to 1972. Pangnirtung’s St. Luke’s Mission Hospital sits at the centre of this discussion and at the nexus of archival evidence and regional Inuit knowledge about tuberculosis. Triangulating information gained from fieldwork, archives, and a community-based photograph naming project, this study brings together the perspectives of Inuit hospital workers, nurses, doctors, and patients, as well as of Government and Anglican-Church officials, during the tuberculosis era in the Cumberland Sound.</p> <p>The study arose from conversations with Inuit in Pangnirtung, who wondered why they were sent to southern sanatoria in the 1950s for tuberculosis treatment, when the local hospital had been providing treatment for decades. Canadian Government policy changes, beginning in the 1940s, changed the way healthcare was delivered in the region. The Pangnirtung Photograph Naming Project linked photos of Inuit patients sent to the Hamilton Mountain Sanatorium to day-book records of St. Luke’s, and culminated in an emotional ceremony in 2009, during which copies of the photographs were returned to survivors or relatives.</p> <p>Information in hospital day books was used to map the yearly distribution of tubercular Inuit in traditional camps, which were progressively abandoned as Inuit in-migrated to Pangnirtung, in response to increased Government incursions and concerns about Arctic sovereignty. Contrary to the pattern for Canadian Arctic Inuit, more tubercular Inuit were treated locally at St. Luke’s than were sent away for treatment to southern hospitals on board the Government-commissioned medical-patrol ship, <em>CGS CD Howe</em>.</p> <p>This thesis underlines the importance of linking archival sources to local Inuit knowledge, in a collaborative, community-based research environment. It also speaks to current concerns about the re-emergence of tuberculosis and the importance of developing culturally-appropriate community initiatives to manage infectious diseases in Nunavut.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Under 1900-talets början etablerade och expanderade sanatoriefenomenet i Sverige som följd av den stora spridningen på tuberkulos. Till sanatoriet åkte alla samhällsklasser för att behandlas i den utsträckning det gick, när det fortfarande inte fanns ett botemedel. Den här undersökningen är en fallstudie som kretsar kring ett sanatorium i Halland, Fagereds länssanatorium, mellan 1914–1924. Materialet består av diverse dokumentationer från Fagered så som årsberättelser, korrespondens och planritningar som format undersökningens utgångsläge. Utifrån materialet har arkitekturen, personalen och patienterna vid sanatoriet fungerat som kategorisering för att försöka synliggöra sociala och ekonomiska strukturer, samt hierarkier och könsförhållanden. Undersökningen kommer fram till att den ekonomiska hierarkin var sammankopplad med arkitekturen, och att redan vid konstruktionen av sanatoriet var det väsentligt att separera på män och kvinnor, både inom personalen och patienter. Även att hierarkin bland personalen var baserad på flera aspekter som ekonomi, boende och utbildning. Fagered utmärker sig med säregna beslut, dels arkitektoniska, dels deras öppenhet till kvinnliga läkare vid en tid då det inte var självklart.

The topic of this master’s thesis was to make an architectural study of the Childern´s sanatorium with speleotheraphy in Ostrov u Macochy. The Sanatorium provides a professional care to the children and teenage with respiratory diseases, asthma but also skin diseases. The proposed building will primarily serve the needs of this sanatorium with the possibility of using some of its parts by the public. The area is located near the upper entrance to the Císařská jeskyně, which is now used for speleotherapy. The new building will be located on a sloping terrain near the surrounding development, which consists only of family houses. The ambition of the proposal was to use the orientation of the slope to the south, which offers a beautiful view of the town and at the same time sensitively set the building into the surrounding landscape of the Moravian Karst. The project itself consists of 4 main buildings that are interconnected by atrium in the middle. This atrium connects not only buildings, but also individual services, and thus acts as a kind of communication node.

The subject of the present thesis is the architectural aspect of healthcare facilities with a focus on the work of the architects František Čermák and Gustav Paul. The initial part outlines the general classification and development of the building system of these facilities - ranging from the "pavilion" type to the extensive hospital blocks - illustrated by examples. The next part describes types of hospitals and their designs, especially after 1948. It includes a brief overview of both Czech and foreign projects that are of significance. The subsequent part introduces the life and oeuvre of the architects František Čermák and Gustav Paul, detailing several particular projects and realizations. Among those chosen for further elaboration are the projects of the Municipal Infectious Diseases Hospital in Bratislava, Clinical and Foundation Hospital in Zagreb, Tuberculosis Sanatorium in Vyšné Hágy and the Hospital in Prague-Motol; and further their realizations including the Sanatorium in Vráž u Písku, Provisional Hospital in Prague-Motol, completion of the main pavilion of the Hospital in Litomyšl and finally the Hospital in Chrudim.

Orientador: Iris Fenner Bertani / Banca: Lucia Cristina dos Santos Rosa / Banca: Jean Marcel Carvalho França / Resumo: Este estudo problematiza a reforma psiquiátrica brasileira, partindo de uma unidade de serviço específica, o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial CAPS II de Frutal, MG., tomando como recurso teórico o referencial foucaultiano. Partindo de práticas discursivas inscritas neste serviço busca-se entender as linhas de força, os saberes, as estratégias, as inteligibilidades que fazem emergir o CAPS enquanto serviço substitutivo ao manicômio junto a uma política reformadora da assistência psiquiátrica no país. O estudo mostra que substituindo as práticas asilares coloca-se em andamento um processo de expansão das práticas psiquiátricas junto ao meio social, principalmente a família. Não há evidência de rompimento com a inteligibilidade que circunscreve a loucura na condição de doença, mas este corpo deixa o interior do asilo para transitar em um circuito balizado pelas práticas psiquiátricas, que se opera principalmente pela via de uma prática pedagógica: um processo de remanejamento das práticas, mas conservação do poder / Abstract: The present study renders problematic about Brazilian psychiatric reform, from the documental analysis of a specific service unit, called Psychosocial Attention Center, CAPS II from Frutal, estate of Minas Gerais, taking as a theorist resource, the Foucault referential. Around the discursive practices enrolled in this service, what is searched is to understand the strength lines, the knowledge, the strategies, the intelligibilities that make CAPS emerges as a substitutive service for the sanatoriums with a politic reformer from psychiatric assistance in Brazil. The present study shows that substituting asylum practices, it is proceeding a psychiatric practices expansion process within the social environment, specially the family. There is no rupture evidence with the intelligibility that circumscribes the madness in an illness condition, but this body leaves the asylum to move up in a circuit that is delimited by psychiatric practices that becomes reality mainly by a pedagogical practice: a practice rehandling process, but power conservation / Mestre

Pulmonary sanatoriums are facilities where efficient and useful therapy for patients suffering from respiratory diseases is provided. They use treatments including the methods of climatotherapy, drinking cures or inhalation therapies. Diseases such as asthma bronchiale, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, various forms of pneumonia, lung cancer and also tuberculosis are cured here. Just the tuberculosis treatment regimen is so specific that the research part of this thesis is devoted mainly to this phenomenon. Currently, tuberculosis represents a large medical problem in our country. Although the number of cases in the last decade has decreased, today it remains a serious medical and social problem with a huge economic effect on the entire society. The epidemiological situation is deteriorating on the global scale. The main causes of this deterioration are AIDS, the influx of refugees and immigrants from various risky countries, an increase in adherence to drug abuse and failure to keep to treatment measures. According to the WHO, two billion people are infected with tuberculosis globally. The urgency of this topic is seen in the fact that despite all measures, over 3 million people die of this disease globally and 90% of this number die in developing countries. This thesis is focused on the importance of pulmonary sanatoriums and also on the mapping of intensity of nursing care in particular pulmonary sanatoriums. To a great extent, the thesis deals with the issue of the specific needs of patients and the method of providing nursing care. The thesis describes individual facilities in the Czech Republic and their importance. It also deals with the specifics of nursing care for individual pulmonary diseases and goes into detail about provision of care at isolated units for patients with tuberculosis. It also deals with the holistic approach to the patient and multicultural nursing. A great part of the thesis is devoted to the needs of patients, and changes in their role in the sanatorium. The objective of this master´s thesis was to outline the difficulty of nursing care in specialized pulmonary sanatoriums and find the specific needs of patients in these facilities. Another objective was to discover the role of the nurse in provision of care and outline differences between individual facilities. All these objectives have been performed. Four research questions were set at the beginning of the research. The first research question dealt with how nursing care in pulmonary facilities is provided. The second research question was focused on finding the specific needs of patients in these facilities. The third research question dealt with the role of the nurse in providing care for patients in specialized pulmonary sanatoriums. And the last research question focused on differences between the individual sanatoriums. The practical part of the thesis contains the results of qualitative research gathered on the basis of a semi-structured interview. Final interviews were recorded, transcribed and subsequently processed by the technique of open coding. The research file consisted of 6 nurses working in pulmonary sanatoriums and 5 patients hospitalized with tuberculosis. Based on the information acquired, the patients perceive isolation units as a very simple and depressing place, where they miss contacts with their closest. The stay in the isolation unit is a shock for them. Foreigners complain of the language barrier. Nurses regard the nursing care as very demanding. They must care for patients with various diagnoses and provide multicultural care with respect to the national and cultural specifics of patients. Based on the results found, an information brochure was created, and this can help as a source of information for hospitalized patients in sanatoriums. Furthermore, the results of this thesis will be presented to individual sanatoriums for the purpose of making changes related to their equipment.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-12-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:39:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 peixoto_pc_me_fran.pdf: 447369 bytes, checksum: 62958c0556e94dbac473997a5d31ae18 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este estudo problematiza a reforma psiquiátrica brasileira, partindo de uma unidade de serviço específica, o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial CAPS II de Frutal, MG., tomando como recurso teórico o referencial foucaultiano. Partindo de práticas discursivas inscritas neste serviço busca-se entender as linhas de força, os saberes, as estratégias, as inteligibilidades que fazem emergir o CAPS enquanto serviço substitutivo ao manicômio junto a uma política reformadora da assistência psiquiátrica no país. O estudo mostra que substituindo as práticas asilares coloca-se em andamento um processo de expansão das práticas psiquiátricas junto ao meio social, principalmente a família. Não há evidência de rompimento com a inteligibilidade que circunscreve a loucura na condição de doença, mas este corpo deixa o interior do asilo para transitar em um circuito balizado pelas práticas psiquiátricas, que se opera principalmente pela via de uma prática pedagógica: um processo de remanejamento das práticas, mas conservação do poder / The present study renders problematic about Brazilian psychiatric reform, from the documental analysis of a specific service unit, called Psychosocial Attention Center, CAPS II from Frutal, estate of Minas Gerais, taking as a theorist resource, the Foucault referential. Around the discursive practices enrolled in this service, what is searched is to understand the strength lines, the knowledge, the strategies, the intelligibilities that make CAPS emerges as a substitutive service for the sanatoriums with a politic reformer from psychiatric assistance in Brazil. The present study shows that substituting asylum practices, it is proceeding a psychiatric practices expansion process within the social environment, specially the family. There is no rupture evidence with the intelligibility that circumscribes the madness in an illness condition, but this body leaves the asylum to move up in a circuit that is delimited by psychiatric practices that becomes reality mainly by a pedagogical practice: a practice rehandling process, but power conservation

The topic of my master’s thesis was to create an architectural study of Hospital with Speleotheraphy in Ostrov u Macochy. Sanatorium provides expert care to children suffering diseases of the respiratory tract, particular allergic and infections. Operation of the building is intended primary for children od preschool age. The building was divided into two main section. It ensures a conflict-free, natural traffic - two interconnected buildings. These buildings were carefully planted in the landscape of the Moravian Karst and contribute to teh development of Ostrov u Macochy.