Thesis (doctoral)--Uppsala universitet, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 399-435).

One of the most discussed archaeological subjects is the neolitisation, and the start of a neolithic lifestyle which is characterized by several significant events. The traditional view has been that settled people were cultivating and breeding, but this picture has been questioned and changed in later years. The development is principally based on two models; that already neolithic people immigrated and took over, or that the new lifestyle gradually developed out of the existing cultures. Southern Scandinavia was characterized by a settlement pattern with permanent settlements which were complemented by temporary special settlements, but in time more domestic settlements originated. On the British Isles the settlements didn´t consist of permanent agricultural settlements but instead did the people here move freely between several short term settlements.

Diss. Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2008.

Thesis--(Licentiate)--Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 2007. / Original thesis t.p. and absdtract on 1 leaf inserted. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-109).

The cup marks are the most common form of rock art in Scandinavia and they have been dated from the Mesolithic to the Migration period. In Sweden they are mostly found in the southern parts of the country. They are believed to generally have been made by permanently resident agrarian people from the Bronze age. The question about the cup marks origin and purpose is one of the unanswered questions in Scandinavian rock art research, which this essay has had the goal to answer with a holistic, statistical analysis based on all the registered cup marks in Sweden. Furthermore, the cup marks have been investigated in correlation with other ancient remains to see if there are patterns in the landscape that could indicate the cup marks purpose. The analysis confirmed that most of the cup marks probably where made by a permanent resident agrarian people on land mostly close to water, and that there seems to have been central places in the south of Sweden where different ancient remains have been made in clusters. No uniform meaning about the cup marks could be found with this method, but the research showed that with more detailed research about cup mark sites combined with a wider perspective about the entire cup marks placings in the landscape, new research will probably be able to get closer to an answer about the cup marks purpose and use in the Norse landscape.

À travers un millier d’articles issus de quotidiens et de revues, cette enquête embrasse une période s’étendant de la guerre franco-prussienne au début de la Première Guerre mondiale. Elle a pour ambition de comprendre la réception des Scandinaves en France et d’en présenter son évolution au sein d’une époque marquée par une montée du protectionnisme culturel et du nationalisme. L’étude des champs lexicaux confirme ces tendances ainsi qu’un ressentiment envers l’Empire allemand qui est convoqué, en filigrane, dans de nombreux articles. Cette thèse démontre également un schisme net dans la critique, que révèlent, au demeurant, l’engouement d’une presse novatrice et cosmopolite et la résistance d’une autre, conservatrice et académique. L’analyse portera, en outre, sur les images véhiculées collectivement sur les pays du Nord et sur leurs représentations. En effet, les récits de voyage de la première moitié du XIXème siècle ont forgé un archétype « exotique » de la Scandinavie, et plus particulièrement de la Norvège, mystérieuse et brumeuse. Celui-ci exerce une forte influence sur la réception de cette aire artistique méconnue et périphérique. Outre la peinture, la littérature et la musique, il sera pertinent d’étudier plus précisément le théâtre, thématique centrale de notre corpus, et de constater si la décennie 1890 est, comme il l’est communément admis, synonyme de « vague scandinave » à Paris. De surcroît, cette analyse exposera l’importance des réseaux et des interactions entre traducteurs, critiques, journalistes, éditeurs, metteurs en scène, acteurs, mais également passionnés et mécènes, qui ont tous été des passeurs culturels entre les Scandinaves et la France. / Based on a thousand articles from newspapers and reviews, this survey takes place in a period from the franco-prussian war to the early WWI. It aims to understand the reception of Scandinavians in France and to set its evolution during a time marked by a rise of cultural protectionism and nationalism. The analysis of the lexical fields do confirm this point and also shows a real resentment against the german Empire which appears as a watermark in several articles. This work proves, as well, a split in the critic : one is cosmopolitan and innovative while the other is conservative and academic. Furthermore, the collective images of the northen countries will be studied and analysed. Indeed, the descriptions done in the early XIXth century by travellers built up exotic representations of Scandinavia and especially a mysterious and hazy Norway. They had a harmful effect on the reception of artists from this unlying geographical area. Besides painting, music and litterature, theater is the main thema of the corpus. This analysis will contribute to demonstrate the significance of cultural networks in Paris for Scandinavians at this time.

This paper looks to examine the relationship between the church buildings and archaeological finds from under the church floor in Silte parish on the baltic isle, Gotland. The material was excavated in 1971-1972, after evidence of an older wooden church was uncovered during restoration work. This older structure, revealed to have consisted of a chancel and choir, had evidently been connected to the present stone choir for some time. The well preserved foundation was excavated along with a rich archeological material consisting of, amongst other things, some 1700 coins and 18 graves along with skeletal material indicating an additional 25 individuals. In this thesis the material and the buildings are put into context and an attempt is made to link it to different phases of christianization. One connecting to the timbered stave church, and one to the later stone church. The results are then used to make a connection between this development and the formation of the parish system on the island and the increased stratification of church and society during the early Middle Ages in Sweden and Scandinavia.

This paper is about food culture in Uppland under early iron age in Upplans, Sverige. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analysis the lipids that were extracted from archaeological potsherds from Påtåker Raä 62, Sollentuna, Uppland. The result of the lipid analysis shows content of aquatic animal products, terrestrial animal products, vegetables and indication of being heated. Based on these results and what is considered to be a normal diet during the Iron Age, it is possible to say that there are similarities. These results are also compared with three sites from Late Iron Age – Vendel 1:1, Vendel 28 and Tuna, to see if there are any similarities. The reason to choose three sites from Late Iron Age, and not Early Iron Age, is because there haven’t been done studies like this on material from the early Iron Age. Vendel 28 was the site that was most similar to Påtåker, when it comes to its enviorment with meadows and woods, and the ceramics application areas. / This study is part of the on going research of Påtåker Raä 62, Sollentuna, Oppland.

This thesis deals with question of Scandinavian social model's transferability on Baltic countries and Iceland. The aim of the thesis is to establish whether and to what extent Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Iceland are ready to adopt the system. Three main methods are used in the thesis, namely: analysis of macroeconomic indicators and competitiveness indices, synthesis using the magic pentagon and comparison via coefficient of variation. The thesis comprises three main parts. The first one deals with theory and methodology. The second part applies information gained from databases of world organisations and follows their development. The last part then compares these figures.

A number of phenomena, such as new ways of farming, new crops and new domestic animals, derived from the Roman Empire during the Roman Iron Age. In this study, an attempt is made at describing the dispersion of the domestic cat to and in Southern Scandinavia. Domestication of animals in general and of the cat in particular is described, along with the Romanization of Europe. A description is made of a number of archaeological investigations carried out in Denmark and Southern Sweden where remains of the domestic cat have been found. Questions of representativity and criticism of sources are discussed.                                The results of this study imply that the domestic cat first appeared in Jutland in the second century AD, then spread east to the rest of Denmark, to the larger Baltic Islands and mainland Sweden at approximately the same time as Roman artefacts and some domestic birds. The intentions of the Romans and the Scandinavians are discussed and the conclusion is drawn that the Romans probably dispersed cats along with other gifts for diplomatic rather than commercial purposes and that the Scandinavians initially regarded cats as prestige objects rather than rodent killers during the Roman Iron Age. Later, cats where distributed over Scandinavia and took on other tasks. They were sometimes buried with humans and may have taken on a certain status and mythological meaning.