Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-79) Also available in print.

Neste trabalho é avaliado o impacto da interoperabilidade intergovernamental na melhoria da eficiência nos processos de governo eletrônico, em especial entre estados e municípios. Governo Eletrônico é visto como o uso intensivo de tecnologia da informação para atender às necessidades do Estado com foco nos cidadãos, visando otimizar os processos governamentais. A Interoperabilidade é a capacidade de troca transparente de dados entre sistemas. A união dos dois conceitos, aplicada nas relações intergovernamentais, tem como objetivo propiciar, principalmente ao poder executivo nas três instâncias - união, estados e municípios -, a troca de dados de forma transparente e desburocratizada, buscando a melhoria do atendimento ao cidadão e da eficiência, eficácia e efetividade entre os entes federados. Para compreender a influência da interoperabilidade na eficiência destes processos foi analisado o processo de matrículas escolares entre os sistemas do estado e do município de São Paulo. No Estado de São Paulo são realizadas, anualmente, cerca de dez milhões de matrículas no ensino básico, sendo um terço (três milhões e meio aproximadamente) no município de São Paulo. Partindo-se da descrição histórica do processo de implantação, são apresentadas as motivações que levaram à criação de interoperabilidade entre os sistemas de matrícula dos dois entes federados, barreiras encontradas para a implantação, como foram enfrentadas e o impacto na eficiência tanto nos processos internos quanto no atendimento à população. Além do processo ter sido simplificado com a interoperabilidade, conclui-se que o impacto na eficiência dos processos internos de controle e gestão dos sistemas foi grande, principalmente nas secretarias de escolas, onde foram percebidas melhorias significativas, apesar de persistirem outros problemas no processo como um todo. A inexistência da interoperabilidade entre os sistemas dos outros estados da federação faz com que o tempo de matrícula de um aluno transferido de fora do Estado de São Paulo seja muito superior ao tempo de confirmação de aluno transferido no Estado de São Paulo. / In this paper, the impact of intergovernmental interoperability in improving e-government processes efficiency between states and municipalities is evaluated. E-Government is considered the intensive use of information technology to meet the state\'s needs with a focus on citizens in order to optimize governmental processes. Interoperability is the ability of transparent data exchange between systems. The joint of the two concepts, applied to intergovernmental relations, aims to provide, mainly to the executive in three instances -union, states and municipalities-, to exchange data seamlessly, without bureaucracy, seeking to improve public service and the state\'s efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness. In order to understand interoperability\'s influence in the efficiency of these processes we have analyzed school enrollment\'s process among São Paulo city and state\'s systems. In São Paulo state annually about ten million enrollments in primary education are performed, being a third part (three and a half million approximately) in São Paulo city. Based on the historical description of the deployment process, in this paper are presented the motivations that led to the creation of interoperability between registration\'s systems of the two federal entities, the barriers encountered to the deployment and how they were faced, and the impact on efficiency in both internal processes and in the service to population. We also conclude that the impact on efficiency of internal control processes and management systems was of great deal, as well as in the schools secretariats, where significant improvements in efficiency were perceived, although other problems persist in the process as a whole. Due to the lack of interoperability between systems of other federation states, the time of transferring a student registration from outside of São Paulo is higher than the time transferring from São Paulo municipalities. Besides this, interoperability simplified processes between both systems.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the enrollment in the academic and non-academic courses taught in the senior high schools of Texas.

This dissertation assesses the effectiveness of the Ugandan Universal Secondary Education policy. It seeks to ascertain whether and to what extent offering free-tuition education at eligible public and private secondary schools has affected gross enrollment rates at the lower secondary school level in Uganda between 2007 and 2015. Using a synthetic control method as well as a linear probability model, I explore the impact of the USE policy on lower secondary school enrollment both at the country and household levels since the policy implementation in 2007 up to 2015. To carry out the analysis, I merge several sources of administrative data, including World Bank education indicators, UNESCO Institute of Statistics data on school participation, Uganda National Bureau of Statistics' annual statistical abstracts and Uganda’s Ministry of Education and Sports’ annual reports into a country-panel dataset for the period of 1992-2015 and use the latter for the synthetic control approach. The linear probability model exploits the data from the 2013 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS). The synthetic control analysis shows no effect of the USE policy at the country level. Instead, the results indicate that during my study period, lower secondary school enrollment rates growth in Uganda was reduced by a yearly average of 8 percentage points compared to its synthetic version. The micro-analysis, however, shows that the receipt of a government subsidy to enroll in lower secondary school had a positive and statistically significant effect ranging from .5 to 9.4 percentage points.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The fundamental principles colleges and universities use to recruit students have remained largely unchanged for decades. Traditionally, admissions professionals visit high schools and attend college fairs, while colleges and universities hold preview days and publish viewbooks all in the interest of attracting a high-quality and diverse student population. The recruiting process has been greatly improved through the application of modern technology. The analytic abilities of technologies such as geographic information systems (GISystems), which allow for the visualization and analysis of spatial data, presents previously underutilized strategies for higher education recruiting methods. In addition, the incorporation of a Hierarchical Bayesian model will effectively model influential enrollment factors, which successful students possess. Hierarchical Bayesian models use the prior distribution, and likelihood of an events occurrence to create the posterior distribution or Bayesian inference. The intelligence created by combining traditional recruiting techniques with GISystems and Hierarchical Bayesian modeling will allow admissions professionals to improve the success rate of enrollment efforts and expenditures. This paper will explore the application of Hierarchical Bayesian models and GISystems within higher education recruiting.

No description available.

There is a lack of consensus on the empirical findings in research examining the so-called ‘guns and butter’ argument – does military expenditure crowd out social expenditure or not? Feminist scholars have been arguing that militarism, affects women’s welfare in a negative way. This study investigates whether countries' increase in military expenditure leads to a deterioration in women's health and education, based on the guns and butter argument. The study intends to find out what a possible correlation looks like for two different models, one that represents the impact on women's health and another that represents the impact on women's education, by using maternal mortality and school enrollment (with a gender parity index) as dependent variables. The survey is conducted for a sampling of countries in Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia for the period 1988 to 2020. The main findings of this study indicate that increased military expenditure leads to increased maternal mortality, however, the study finds no linear relationship between military expenditure and girls' school enrollment. The study also finds no correlation between health care, education expenditure and maternal mortality. Nevertheless, it indicates that education expenditure has a positive effect on girls’ school enrollment, and health care expenditure has a negative effect on girls’ school registration.

In 2015, Congress reauthorized the latest version of the Elementary Secondary Education Act through the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA, 2015). In addition to the requirements for all students, this document includes provisions for English Language Learners (ELLs) and immigrant students. ESSA (2015) not only required annual assessments to ensure high level learning but also requires annual assessments for assessing ELL language acquisition. School divisions are required to monitor and report on how many ELLs made language acquisition growth and how many successfully met English language proficiency. The benefit of both ESSA (2015) and the resulting state policies is to ensure ELLs are afforded the appropriate supports to learn and achieve at the same high levels as their native English speaking peers. The purpose of this study was to identify a possible relationship between elementary school enrollment size and the academic success for ELLs in high ELL and low ELL population schools. This quantitative study examined existing data from a large suburban school district on Standards of Learning assessment achievement for ELLs over three academic years (2016-2017, 2017-2018, 2018-2019). Findings suggest total enrollment size and ELL population size impact academic achievement for ELLs. The researcher used two way ANOVA to determine if a difference exists in academic success for ELLs based on elementary school enrollment size and ELL population size. This study adds to research on conditions for high achievement for all students. / Doctor of Education / In 2015, Congress reauthorized the latest version of the Elementary Secondary Education Act through the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA, 2015). In addition to the requirements for all students, this document includes provisions for English Language Learners (ELLs) and immigrant students. ESSA (2015) not only required annual assessments to ensure high level learning but also requires annual assessments for assessing ELL language acquisition. The benefit of both ESSA (2015) and the resulting state policies is to ensure ELLs are afforded the appropriate supports to learn and achieve at the same high levels as their native English speaking peers. The purpose of this study is to identify a possible relationship between elementary school enrollment size and the academic success for ELLs in high ELL and low ELL population schools. This study examined existing data from a large suburban school district on Standards of Learning assessment achievement for ELLs over three academic years (2016-2017, 2017-2018, 2018-2019). These data showed academic achievement for different enrollment sizes and for different ELL population sizes. This study adds to research on conditions for high achievement for all students.

The aim of this study was to explore some of the reasons for low student enrollments at alternative schools, through a case study of a Ugandan alternative school, Heritage International School. The study was carried out in Kampala, the capital city of Uganda, in a small town called Kansanga, where Heritage International School, is located. Various people were interviewed in different categories, to find out their views on low enrollments at HIS. The literature review in the study included the theoretical perspectives on reasons for low enrolments in various schools that had the characteristics of HIS. This review was very helpful in steering the direction of the research as it highlighted various causes for low enrolments at alternative schools. This research was able to highlight the causes of low enrollment that were particular to HIS and therefore give some recommendations on to how to solve these problems. / Education / M. Ed. (Education Management)

Esta dissertação de mestrado teve o objetivo de investigar os motivos que levaram os pais de crianças com autismo e deficiência intelectual associada a matricularem seus filhos na educação infantil em escolas de educação especial. Para atender o objetivo proposto, esta pesquisa apresenta um panorama da educação infantil no Brasil, com destaque para a questão da educação especial, abordando as suas ambiguidades presentes nas normas e legislação, além de discutir a respeito da falta de consenso e fragilidade na conceituação e caracterização do autismo e da deficiência intelectual. Foram realizadas entrevistas com pais de crianças com autismo e deficiência intelectual associada, que frequentaram a educação infantil em escola de educação especial. O que se observou nas entrevistas foi que os pais buscaram inicialmente a escola regular para seus filhos, mas devido às dificuldades encontradas, acabaram escolhendo por retirá-los da escola regular e matriculá-los em escolas privadas de educação especial, por acreditarem que estas escolas podem oferecer melhores condições para o processo de escolarização de seus filhos. Ao analisarmos os relatos dos pais à luz da Teoria Critica da Sociedade, levantamos alguns indícios de que a escola de educação especial muitas vezes aparece como a melhor possibilidade de escolarização para crianças com autismo de e deficiência intelectual associada, logo, esta escolha dos pais apresenta uma coerência. No entanto, não houve resistência e enfrentamento dos pais ao se depararem com as dificuldades na inclusão de seus filhos nas escolas de ensino regular, o que indica uma atitude de adaptação destes pais em relação aos limites impostos à escolarização de seus filhos com autismo e deficiência intelectual associada. Além disso, discutimos a questão de que a educação infantil pode ser um ambiente inclusivo dado às condições adequadas para que as crianças tenham contato com a diversidade, ou seja, crianças com e sem deficiências frequentando a mesma escola, podem por esta aproximação ter uma diminuição do preconceito para com o diferente / This dissertation aimed to investigate the reasons that parents of children with autism and intellectual disability associated with enrolling their children in early childhood education in special education schools. To meet the proposed objective, this research presents an overview of early childhood education in Brazil, highlighting the issue of special education, approaching their present ambiguity in the rules and legislation, and to discuss about the fragility and lack of consensus in the conceptualization and characterization of autism and intellectual disabilities. Interviews were conducted with parents of children with autism and intellectual disability associated with, who attended early childhood education in special education school. What was observed in the interviews was that parents initially sought a mainstream school for their children, but due to difficulties, just by choosing to remove them from regular school and enroll them in private schools for special education because they believe that these schools may offer better conditions for the process of schooling of their children. When analyzing the parental reports in the light of Critical Theory of Society, lifted some evidence that the special education school often appears as the best possible education for children with autism and intellectual disability associated, so that parental choice has consistency. However, there was no resistance and coping of parents faced with the difficulties in including their children in mainstream schools, which indicates an attitude adjustment of parents in relation to limits on the schooling of their children with autism and disabilities associated intellectual. Moreover, we discuss the question that early childhood education can be an inclusive environment given the right conditions for children to have contact with diversity and children with and without disabilities attending the same school, this approach may have a decreased prejudice toward different