At the core of this study was an investigation of the current system of identification of learning disabled children as a result of concerns raised regarding the equivocal nature of federal guidelines for identification and their differential application by professionals. Toward this goal, the purposes of this study were 1) to evaluate the Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Screening Test as a means to differentiate LD children from low-achieving and normal children; 2) to assess the quantitative and qualitative neuropsychological performance differences between these three groups; and 3) to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative neuropsychological performance differences between male and female LD and low-achieving children. Subjects were 244 male (n=118) and female (n=126) LD (n=82), low-achieving (n=72), and normal (n=90) children randomly selected from five Midwestern school corporations. Classification of subjects into groups was based on previous identification as an LD child or scores on the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills (below the 50th percentile and not school identified as LD were classified as low-achieving). Two-way analyses of variance indicated that neuropsychological performanceNeuropsychological Differences as measured by the Reran-Indiana Aphasia Screening Test significantly differed between groups but not gender on total error score. Further, two-way multivariate analyses of variance indicated significant performance differences across groups with LD children making more errors than either group on tasks indicative of spelling dyspraxia, constructional dyspraxia, dyslexia, central dysarthria, dyscalculia, and body dysgnosia. Additionally, LD children demonstrated more dysfunction in deficits reflective of only mild to moderate neuropsychological impairment as compared to deficits more strongly indicative of brain damage. No differences in performance based on type of error or severity of dysfunction was found between genders. Implications of these findings are discussed relative to the identification process. / Department of Educational Psychology

This study explored the relationship between anxiety and children's performance on the Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Screening Test. Anxiety was measured using the Personality Inventory for Children. Participants' anxiety scores were correlated with the individual component error scores and the total error scores from the Reitan Aphasia Screening Test. Second, the individual component scores were examined to assess their independent and shared contributions in the prediction of the Anxiety Scale of the Personality Inventory for Children.Participants for this study were 176, 9 to 16 year old boys and girls referred to an outpatient neuropsychological assessment clinic. Anxiety was found to be significantly related to the total score of the Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Screening test, as well as, each of the individual components. The regression analysis showed that five of the individual components of the Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Screening Test were able to significantly predict scores on the Anxiety Scale of the Personality Inventory for Children with a multiple R of .76. These data were discussed in terms of the importance of the interrelationship between anxiety and the Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Screening Test when making clinical judgements concerning the individual patient. / Department of Educational Psychology

Submitted by SANDRA LUCIA PETRILLO (sandrapetrillo.longlife@gmail.com) on 2017-12-11T17:56:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Mestrado_Sandra_Petrillo.pdf: 5408729 bytes, checksum: 260301e7ac6761c455f3e28f08f23ac3 (MD5) / Submitted by SANDRA LUCIA PETRILLO (sandrapetrillo.longlife@gmail.com) on 2017-12-11T18:47:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Mestrado_Sandra_Petrillo.pdf: 5408729 bytes, checksum: 260301e7ac6761c455f3e28f08f23ac3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Pizzani null (luciana@btu.unesp.br) on 2017-12-12T16:04:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 petrillo_sl_me_bot.pdf: 5408729 bytes, checksum: 260301e7ac6761c455f3e28f08f23ac3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-12T16:04:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 petrillo_sl_me_bot.pdf: 5408729 bytes, checksum: 260301e7ac6761c455f3e28f08f23ac3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-14 / Objetivo: Avaliar desempenho do teste de rastreio Memory Impairment Screen (MIS) para a triagem diagnóstica da Demência na Doença de Alzheimer (DDA). Casuística e método: Estudo de acurácia realizado no Ambulatório de Geriatria do Centro de Saúde Escola da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – Unesp. Casuística de 126 pacientes idosos, sendo aplicado o teste de avaliação cognitiva MIS, utilizando-se como padrão ouro os critérios diagnósticos da DDA propostos por Frota. O valor diagnóstico foi analisado pelo cálculo da sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos (positivo e negativo) e razão de verossimilhança positiva e negativa. A curva ROC foi traçada para contribuir na avaliação do desempenho do MIS no diagnóstico da DDA. Resultados: Foram avaliados 126 idosos com média de idade de 71,6 + 7,8 anos, maioria do sexo feminino (65,9%) e com 1 a 4 anos de estudo (40%). A presença do diagnóstico de Doença de Alzheimer foi observada em 18 (14,3%) dos idosos avaliados. O teste de rastreio cognitivo pelo MIS apresentou valor de sensibilidade de 72,2%, especificidade de 83,3%, valor preditivo positivo de 41,9% e negativo de 94,7% e razões de verossimilhanças positiva de 433 e negativa de 33,3. A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,78 (IC 95%, 0,65-0,9). Conclusão: O presente estudo evidenciou a aplicabilidade do teste MIS e sua eficácia no diagnóstico das alterações cognitivas em pacientes idosos, com valores significativos de sensibilidade e especificidade; apresentou vantagens de rapidez, fácil aplicabilidade e interpretação; independente de cultura, linguagem e escolaridade. O MIS oferece vantagens importantes como teste de rastreio para uso em cuidados primários a saúde, sendo necessário estudos complementares que possam indicar o uso isolado deste teste para exclusão de demência. / Objective: To evaluate the performance of the Memory Impairment Screen (MIS) for the diagnostic screening of Dementia in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Methods: Accuracy study performed at the Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic of the School Health Center of Botucatu Medical School - Unesp. A total of 126 elderly patients were enrolled, and the MIS cognitive evaluation test was applied, using the AD diagnostic criteria proposed by Frota as the gold standard. The diagnostic value was analyzed by the calculation of sensitivity, specificity, predictive values (positive and negative) and positive and negative likelihood ratio. The ROC curve was drawn to contribute to the evaluation of MIS performance in the diagnosis of AD. Results: A total of 126 elderly individuals with a mean age of 71.6 ± 7.8 years, most of them female (65.9%) and 1 to 4 years of education (40%) were evaluated. The presence of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease was observed in 18 (14.3%) of the elderly evaluated. The MIS cognitive screening test showed a sensitivity of 72.2%, specificity of 83.3%, positive predictive value of 41.9% and negative of 94.7% and likelihood ratio of 433 and negative of 33,3. The area under the ROC curve was 0,78 (95% CI, 0.65-0.9). Conclusion: The present study evidenced the applicability of the MIS test and its efficacy in the diagnosis of cognitive alterations in elderly patients, with significant values of sensitivity and specificity; Presented advantages of speed, easy applicability and interpretation; Independent of culture, language and schooling. MIS offers important advantages as a screening test for use in primary health care, and further studies are needed to indicate the use of this test alone to exclude dementia.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-30 / Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa (AFIP) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Testes de triagem de leitura são instrumentos essenciais para professores e profissionais que trabalham no âmbito educacional, visto que proporcionam, de forma rápida e econômica, um levantamento do desempenho dessa habilidade. Contudo, há uma carência desse tipo de instrumento que seja adaptado para a população brasileira. Assim, foi realizado este trabalho acerca do processo de adaptação, para o português do Brasil, de um teste de triagem, The Reading Decision Test (RDT). Este é formado por três subtestes (letras, palavras e sentenças) com nível crescente de dificuldade, tendo cada um deles duas formas equivalentes (F1 e F2). O trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas: (I) tradução das instruções e adaptação dos subtestes para o português brasileiro; e (II) avaliação da adequação da versão brasileira do RDT. A etapa I teve 2 fases: 1) tradução das instruções do RDT e adaptação dos subtestes de palavras e sentenças; 2) análise dos estímulos dos subtestes por juízes especialistas. Na etapa II, foram realizados três estudos, com escolares do 1º ao 5º ano: Estudo 1) administração do RDT em 40 crianças com adequado desempenho escolar, para verificar a adequação dos itens dos subtestes e alterá-los quando necessário; Estudo 2) aplicação em 80 crianças, metade sem e metade com problemas de aprendizagem, tendo os mesmos objetivos do estudo 1, além de comparar o desempenho dessas crianças no RDT com testes já adaptados para população brasileira; Estudo 3) administração do RDT em 230 crianças (n=46), por ano escolar) selecionadas aleatoriamente, com o objetivos de avaliar as propriedades psicométricas inicias dos subtestes. A partir dos estudos 1 e 2, foi possível realizar a substituição de itens, por meio da análise do índice de dificuldade (ID) e correlação item-total (I-T). No estudo 2, observou-se, diferença significativa entre o desempenho dos grupos sem e com problemas de aprendizagem nos três subteste do RDT (p<0,05). Os subtestes de letras e de palavras mostraram correlação moderada (p<0,05) com testes já adaptados, entretanto, o de sentenças apresentou relação fraca (p<0,05). No estudo 3, a análise dos itens de cada forma dos três subtestes mostrou efeito significativo do ano escolar. Houve diferença estatística (p<0,01) no reconhecimento dos dois tipos de itens que formam os subtestes de palavras (palavras e pseudopalavras) e sentenças (sentenças verdadeiras e absurdas) em todos os anos escolares, nas duas formas dos subtestes. A análise da velocidade de leitura mostrou diferença significante (p<0,05) no número de acertos, nos anos escolares, em ambas as formas dos três subtestes. A análise de correlação intra-classe (ICC) indicou correlação moderada entre as duas formas do subteste de letras (ICC=0,68), mas forte correlação entre as formas dos subtestes de palavras (ICC=0,90) e sentenças (ICC=0,90) (p<0,05). Assim, conclui-se que os subtestes da versão brasileira do RDT apresentam propriedades psicométricas iniciais adequadas, podendo ser essa a versão final do teste. / Screening tests in reading are essential for teachers and professionals working on the field of education, as these instruments provide a fast and economic measure of reading disabilities. So, this study aimed at adapting a screening test for reading, The Reading Decision Test (RDT), to Brazilian Portuguese. This test is made up of three subtests (letter, words and sentences) with increasing difficulty levels. Each subtest had two equivalent forms (F1 and F2). This research was carried out in two stages: (I) translation of the instructions and adaptation of the subtests to Brazilian Portuguese; and (II) assessment of the adaptation of the Brazilian version of the RDT. Stage I has two phases: 1) translation of the instructions of the RDT and adaptation of the word and sentence subtests; 2) analyses of the stimuli of the subtests by specialist judges. Stage II was made up of three studies, with schoolchildren from the 1st to 5th year: Study 1) RDT tested on 40 children with adequate school performance, to assess the adaptation of the items and the necessity of changes; Study 2) test application in 80 children, half with and half without learning problems, with the same aim as study 1, as well as to compare the performance of these children on the RDT in relation to other tests already adapted to the Brazilian population; Study 3) administration of the RDT in 230 randomly selected children (n=46 from each year), in order to assess the initial psychometric properties of the subtests. From studies 1 and 2, it was possible to substitute the items, by means of difficulty index analyses (DI) and item-total correlation (I-T). In study 2, a significant difference between the groups with and without learning problems was observed on all three subtests (p<0.05). The letter and words subtests showed moderate correlation (p<0,05) with the other tests already adapted to the Brazilian population, but the sentences subtest showed a weak correlation (p<0.05). In study 3, the analysis of the items in each subtest showed a significant effect for schoolyear. There was a significant statistical difference (p<0.01) on the recognition of both types of items in the words (real words and pseudowords) and sentences subtest (true and absurd sentences) in F1 and F2. The reading speed analyses showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the number of right answers, in each school year, in both forms of all three subtests. The intra-class correlation (ICC) showed a moderate correlation between F1 and F2 on the letter (ICC=0.68) subtest, and a strong correlation on the words (ICC=0.90) and sentences (ICC=0.90) subtests (p<0.05). In conclusion, all three subtests of the Brazilian version of the Reading Decision Test show adequate initial psychometric properties, and this may be considered as the final version of the test. / FAPESP: 2008/07586-2 / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:29:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 curtis_kmc_me_araiq.pdf: 767278 bytes, checksum: b9eefeb12752b6e4c943bbfc29b1a46c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A síndrome do cromossomo X frágil (SXF) é a forma mais comum de deficiência mental herdada. A doença ocorre pela expansão das repetições de trinucleotídeos na região 5’ não traduzida do gene FMR1 no cromossomo X. Dependendo do número de repetições CGG originam-se 4 tipos de alelos: normal (NL), pré-mutado (PM), gray zone (GZ) e mutação completa (FM). A instabilidade e expansão das repetições, aliado à metilação do DNA, causam a diminuição ou ausência na produção da proteína FMRP, a qual é essencial para a função cerebral. O diagnóstico da SXF tem sido realizado principalmente por análise molecular Southern blot. Porém, este método é trabalhoso, demorado e de custo elevado. Recentemente foi desenvolvido um novo método molecular para triagem da SXF por PCR, que segundo os autores, é rápido, de baixo custo, e eficiente na detecção das repetições CGG em homens e mulheres. No entanto, notou-se a ausência de informações importantes para reprodução do método. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: (i) padronizar a técnica de PCR proposta por Tassone et al., (2008), adaptando-a, devido a carência de informações metodológicas; (ii) comprovar a exatidão (acurácia), sensibilidade e especificidade do método, comparando-a ao Southern blot; (iii) avaliar a aplicação da técnica utilizando DNA extraído de diferentes materiais biológicos/métodos de extração; (iv) estimar o custo e o tempo de execução do método no mercado nacional. Os materiais biológicos utilizados foram: sangue coletado por sistema à vácuo e células da mucosa oral, que foram extraídos por solventes orgânicos e sangue coletado em cartões FTA, purificado pelo kit Whatman. Obtevese sucesso na reprodução do método da PCR em 75 indivíduos utilizando a enzima Expand Long Template PCR System (Roche Diagnostics). A exatidão (acurácia), sensibilidade e especificidade foram... / Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited mental retardation. The disease occurs by the expansion of triplet nucleotide repeats in the 5' untranslated of the FMR1 gene on chromosome X. Depending on the number of CGG repeats four types of alleles originate from it: normal (NL), pre-mutated (PM), gray zone (GZ) and full mutation (FM). The instability and expansion of these repetitions, together with the methylation of DNA, cause a decrease or absence in the production of the protein FMRP, which is essential for the brain function. The diagnosis of FXS has been done mainly by molecular analysis Southern blot. However, this method is laborious, time consuming and expensive. Recently we have developed a new molecular method for FXS screening by PCR, which according to the authors, is rapid, inexpensive, and efficient in the detection of CGG repeats in male and female. However, we noted the absence of important information for breeding method. The objectives of this study were: (i) to standardize the PCR technique proposed by Tassone et al. (2008), adapting it, due to the lack of methodological information, (ii) verify the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the method, comparing it to the Southern blot, and (iii) to evaluate the technique using DNA extracted from different biological materials / extraction methods, and (iv) estimate the cost and time of the method execution in the domestic market. The biological materials used were: blood collected by vacuum system and oral mucosal cells, which were extracted by organic solvents and blood collected on FTA cards, purified by Whatman kit. Success was achieved in the reproduction of the PCR method in 75 individuals using the enzyme Expand Long Template PCR System (Roche Diagnostics). The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 100% when analyzing the total sample, indicating that the technique can detect the presence... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A sífilis é doença causa pelo Treponema pallidum pallidum. Quando transmitida por via transplacentária durante a gestação pode levar a sífilis congênita, proporcionando um aumento de morbidades fetais, como nascimento prematuro e dificuldade no aprendizado, entre outras. Observou-se um número elevado de casos em Roraima entre 2008 e 2011, se comparado ao preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde, sem esclarecimentos sobre o perfil das gestantes com sífilis. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo transversal foi analisar o perfil epidemiológico da sífilis gestacional e congênita no Hospital Materno-Infantil Nossa Senhora de Nazaré (HMINSN). O estudo foi realizado em Roraima, estado brasileiro localizado no extremo setentrional da Amazônia. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram as puérperas do HMINSN, única maternidade pública de Roraima, durante o período de novembro de 2012 e junho de 2013. Foram identificados os cartões de pré-natal e os exames de VDRL realizados no parto no período da pesquisa e selecionado aquelas que tinham VDRL reagente no Cartão da Gestante e/ou no internamento para serem entrevistadas. Utilizou-se para análise dos dados o Índice de Confiabilidade (IC) de 95% e o teste qui-quadrado (&#967;) com significância de 5% (p<0,05). O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Roraima (CoEP da UFRR) (protocolo121001). Foram analisados 4.142 cartões de pré-natal e prontuários, sendo selecionados 44 casos de VDRL reagente e realizadas 37 (86,04%) entrevistas. Observou-se uma incidência de 10,3 casos de sífilis gestacional/1000 Nascidos Vivos (NV) e 8,4 casos de sífilis congênita/1000 NV. Os resultados que mostraram significância estatística (p<0,05), demonstraram um predomínio do grupo com idade entre 20 e 34 anos (66,44%), de cor parda (74,42%), com nível fundamental (58,14%), com renda familiar de até 1 salário mínimo (69,44%), procedente de Boa Vista (74,42%), localizando-se principalmente na região oeste e sul da cidade, com realização de menos de 7 consultas de pré-natal e realização de 2 ou mais exames de VDRL. Os parceiros das puérperas com sífilis congênita não realizaram tratamento (78,79%) e não usaram preservativo, como método de barreira, para prevenção da sífilis durante a gestação (63,6%). Ocorreram 24,24% de prematuros e 6,06% de natimortos entre os recém-nascidos com sífilis congênita. Percebe-se a importância de medidas educativas das pacientes e de seus parceiros, além da realização de programas de capacitação dos profissionais de saúde regularmente com a finalidade de diminuir o número elevado de sífilis congênita existente em Roraima. / Syphilis is the disease caused by Treponema pallidum pallidum disease. When transmitted by placenta during pregnancy can lead to congenital syphilis, providing an increase in fetal morbidity such as premature birth and learning disabilities, among others. There was a high number of cases in Roraima between 2008 and 2011, compared what is recommended by the Ministry of Health, without clarification on the profile of pregnant women with syphilis. Thus, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the epidemiology of gestational and congenital syphilis in Maternal Infant Hospital Nossa Senhora de Nazaré (HMINSN). The study was conducted in Roraima, Brazilian state located in the northern reaches of the Amazon. The research subjects were the mothers of HMINSN, only public maternity Roraima, during the period November 2012 to June 2013. Antenatal care visit cards exams and VDRL exams from the medical records were identified during the survey period and selected those who had positive VDRL in the Antenatal care visit Card and/or in hospitalization to be interviewed, for using data analysis the 95% CI (Confidence Index) and qui-square test (&#967;) with significance de p<0.05 . The project was approved by the Ethics Committee on Research of Universidade Federal de Roraima (COEP UFRR) (protocolo121001). It were identified 4,142 prenatal cards and medical records, selected 44 cases of positive VDRL and made 37 (86.04 %) interviews were analyzed. There was an incidence of 10.3 cases of gestational syphilis/1000 Live Births (LB) and 8.4 cases of congenital syphilis/1000 LB. The results showed statistical significance (p < 0.05), demonstrated a predominance of the group aged 20 to 34 years (66.44 %), mulatto (74.42%), with primary level (58.14%), with family income up to 1 minimum wage (69.44%), coming from Boa Vista (74.42%), located mainly in the west and south of the city, with less than 7 prenatal visits and achievement of 2 or more VDRL tests. The partners of the mothers with congenital syphilis did not undergo treatment (78.7%) and did not use condom as a barrier method for syphilis prevention (63.6%). There were 24.24% preterm and 6.06 % of stillborn among newborns with congenital syphilis. We conclude that educational measures for patients and their partners, and training programs for health professionals should be performed in order to reduce the high number of existing congenital syphilis in Roraima.

This study was designed to validate a speech screening device entitled the Oregon School Entrance Speech Screening Test. The OSESST was developed to identify quickly those children entering first grade who are in need of speech and language intervention. The present study sought to determine what proportion of children with speech and language disorders was not detected by the screening test and what proportion of children without speech and language disorders failed the OSESSI. In addition, this study undertook to determine whether results of this investigation are consistent with those obtained on the OSESST in areas of articulation, syntax, language reception and expression, voice, and speech fluency. Subjects for this investigation were forty children just entering first grade in Tillamook County. Twenty-one were randomly selected from those who passed the screening test and nineteen from those who failed. This investigator received the forty subjects in random order and without prior knowledge of which children passed or failed the screening test.

This study was designed to validate the Preschool Speech and Language Screening Test. The PSLST was designed to quickly identify those preschool children who appear to be in need of speech and/or language evaluation or intervention. Specifically, the present investigation sought to determine the proportion of children with speech and/or language problems not detected by the screening test and the proportion of children without speech and language problems who failed the PSLST.

Screening has been suggested as the most efficient method to find students with potential language problems (Neidecker, 1980). Based on the need for a standardized adolescent language screening tool, Prather, Breecher, Stafford, and Wallace (1980) developed the Screening Test of Adolescent Language (STAL). This is a six to eight minute test with twenty-three items which examine vocabulary, auditory memory span, language processing, and proverb explanation. Following an item analysis of the STAL, Prather, Brenner, and Hughes (1981) derived the Mini-Screening Test of Adolescent Language (M-STAL). This test contains five items from the STAL and requires one minute to administer.

No description available.