Fondée sur une enquête archéologique de terrain, cette thèse est consacrée à l’étude des temples dans l’expansion d’un site majeur de l’Inde centrale, Badoh-Pathari (district de Vidisa, Madhya Pradesh), entre le 5e et le 10e siècle de notre ère. Le terrain de cette recherche empirique couvre une aire géographique d’environ 80 km² au sein desquels furent découverts un grand nombre de sites et de vestiges provenant de temples et de structures hydrauliques. En considérant que les temples et les ouvrages hydrauliques sont des artefacts historiques organisés dans l’espace et dans le temps, et qu’ils résultent de processus socioéconomiques au sein de contextes écologiques et anthropiques variés, ces travaux se proposent d’étudier non seulement les vestiges de ces artefacts et la configuration structurelle de leur site, mais également le paysage dans lequel ils existent et dans lequel se sont forgées les relations de l’homme avec le milieu, et de mettre ces résultats au service d’une recherche plus vaste sur l’implication et le rôle intermédiaire des institutions religieuses dans le développement d’un centre économique, politique et religieux et d’un territoire agraire à l’époque médiévale. L’étude du site de Badoh-Pa et #7789;h et #257;ri est menée dans le cadre (1) d’un examen descriptif des vestiges et de leur distribution spatiale et chronologique, (2) d’une exploration des particularités géomorphologiques des sites, de la fonction des ouvrages hydrauliques et de leur relation aux sites cultuels, (3) d’une analyse intégrée de diverses sources de données par la mise en place d’un système d’information géographique (SIG). / Based on new data acquired from fieldwork, this Ph.D. dissertation is devoted to the archaeological study of temples and their place in the expansion of an important site in Central India, Badoh-Pathari (Vidisa district, Madhya Pradesh), between the 5th and the 10th century AD. This empirical research covers a geographic area of about 80 km², in which a large number of sites and remains from temples and hydraulic structures were discovered and examined. As historic artefacts organized in space and time and within various ecological and anthropogenic contexts, the remains of these temples and hydraulic structures testify of several interrelated socioeconomic processes in the formation of a centre in early medieval time. This work deals not only with the material of these artefacts and the structural configuration of the sites, but also with the landscape in which they are kept and distributed, reflecting how the dynamic rela! tionship between man and environment were forged. It is crucial to integrate the study of both material sources and landscape in a historical context in order to address the question about the role of religious institutions in the economic, political and religious development of a centre in early medieval time. The purpose of this work is: (1) to examine in detail the remains and their archaeological context, as well as the spatial and chronological distribution of sites, (2) to explore the landscape features in which they are kept, the functions of hydraulic structures and their spatial relation to cult sites, (3) to develop an integrated analysis of various data in the framework of a geographic information system (GIS).

Hàm Nghi (1871-1944), empereur patriote selon l’historiographie vietnamienne, victime ou acteur de la résistance anticoloniale selon les historiens français, fut exilé à Alger dans l’espoir de mettre fin au mouvement Cần Vương. Déporté à l’âge de dix-huit ans, pion sur l’échiquier politique de l’Indochine, il était considéré par une partie des autorités françaises comme un homme politique influent. Il fut surveillé toute sa vie et ne fut jamais autorisé à entrer en contact avec l’Indochine. Cependant, celui qui était désormais appelé « prince d’Annam », noua des amitiés avec des élèves vietnamiens au lycée d’Alger, des officiers et des missionnaires français, qui circulaient entre l’Indochine, l’Algérie et la métropole. Ces intermédiaires lui permirent de conserver un lien avec l’Indochine. Hàm Nghi consacra sa vie à l’art. Il devint peintre et sculpteur. Il fut l’élève du peintre orientaliste Marius Reynaud, du sculpteur Auguste Rodin, et fréquenta de nombreux artistes de son époque. Les archives nationales, vietnamiennes et françaises, nous apprennent les aspects administratifs de son exil : seul le point de vue du gouvernement français est alors connu. Les archives privées du fonds Hàm Nghi, récemment découvertes, apportent le regard intime de l’empereur exilé sur sa vie, par l’intermédiaire de sa correspondance. Ces documents permettent d’écrire une biographie et d’établir un catalogue raisonné de son œuvre. / Hàm Nghi (1871-1944), patriotic emperor according to Vietnamese historiography, victim or actor of the resistance against colonisation according to French historians, was sent into exile in Algiers in order to end the movement called Cần Vương. Deported when he was eighteen years old, pawn on the political chessboard of Indochina, he was considered by some French authorities to be an influential political figure. He was kept under surveillance his entire life and was never allowed contact with Indochina. Hàm Nghi, who was henceforth called “prince of Annam”, nevertheless established friendships with Vietnamese students of the Algiers highschool, and with officiers and missionnaries who travelled between Indochina, Algeria and France. These intermediaries helped him to maintain a connection with Indochina. Hàm Nghi dedicated his life to art. He became a painter and a sculptor. He was the student of the orientalist painter Marius Reynaud and of the sculptor Auguste Rodin, and he associated with many artists of his day. Previously the Vietnamese and French national archives informed us of the administrative aspects of the emperor’s exile, revealing only the point of view of the French government. Today the private archives of Hàm Nghi’s collection bring us the personal view of the emperor on his life. These documents enable us to write a biography and a catalogueraisonné.

Cet étude interroge la pratique de la sculpture et sa relation avec le terme qui la nome, dans le but de penser et comprendre qu’est-ce que la sculpture ; afin de situer notre pratique personnelle de cet art. En effet, nous constatons que depuis l’adoption des matériaux et des techniques nouvelles, la sculpture n’a cessé de s’enrichir, en franchissant ses limites et en allant à l’encontre de son propre sens. Des multiples transgressions ont permis de la prolonger avec l’incorporation de nouvelles valeurs dynamiques, plastiques et esthétiques. Les dimensions de la sculpture se voient ainsi élargies, par la présence de l’ombre portée, par le déplacement du spectateur et par les multiples facettes de l’espace. Une des valeurs ajoutées las plus riche étant sans doute le mouvement réel ; il apparaît comme conséquence de cette longue évolution, du dépouillement matériel, de l’éclatement du bloc qui rend la sculpture de plus en plus légère, de l’élimination du socle, de la suspension, ainsi que de la manipulation des forces mécaniques et physiques. Tout au long du XXe siècle, des artistes ont fait preuve d’inventivité pour doter leurs œuvres du mouvement réel ; il génère à son tour des relations en devenir, dynamiques. Nous employons le terme dynamique selon l’étymologie grecque de dunamis, dans le sens de « force », et de « possibilité de ». Nous cherchons ainsi à savoir de quelle manière le mouvement de la sculpture peut être initié, prolongé ou enrichi par la présence de phénomènes rythmiques, temporels, sonores et d’équilibre précaire ou éphémère. Éléments qui participant du dit mouvement, en découlent, et parfois le génèrent. / The focus of this research questions the practice of sculpting and its relation with the term that defines it. The main goal is to reflect and to understand what exactly a sculpture is, in order to determine our own personal practices in this art. Indeed, it is noted that since the adoption of new materials and techniques, sculpting has seen a continuous process of enrichment, constantly breaking barriers and moving counter to its own origins. Multiples transgressions have permitted to extend sculpting with the incorporation of new dynamic, cosmetic and aesthetic values. The dimensions of sculptures are thus enlarged by the presence of projected shadows, the movement of the spectator and the multiples facets of space. One of the richest added values is without a doubt physical movement. It appeared as a consequence of this long evolution: the shedding and simplification of materials, the breaking-down of the block that renders the sculptures more and more nimble, the elimination of the pedestal, the practice of suspension, as well as the manipulation of physical and mechanical forces. Throughout the twentieth century, artists had proven their ingenuity by endowing their works with actual movement that in turn generated future dynamic relations. Here we employ the term “dynamic” according to the Greek etymology dunamis in the sense of ‘force’ and ‘possibility of.’ Thus, this dissertation will search to find out in what ways the movements of sculptures can be initiated, prolonged or enriched by the presence of rhythmic, temporal and sound phenomenon, including precarious and ephemeral balance. These elements can, by participating in this movement, stem from and at times generate it.

The hero and the image of nationalism in Colombia, The sculptures at "Parque del Centenario" (1883-1958). The main objective of this master thesis is to analyze and determine the relationship between the construction of the pantheon of heroes1 in Colombia and the attempt to consolidate a national identity in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. This problem is analyzed through a case study that focuses on a specific public space in Bogotá: "El Parque del Centenario". This space was built in 1883 for commemoration of the 100th anniversary of Simon Bolivar's birthdate. The research was conducted as an analysis that puts on dialogue different kinds of historical sources. Therefore, the use of images representing the monuments; maps and plans of the park and the city were; but above all, the main sources of analysis are newspapers and magazines which circulated between 1880 and 1958. The analysis of this case study is presented as a historical narrative that aims to provide relevant information about the construction and development of this public space. This text is divided into three chapters that chronologically follow the progress of the park. The first chapter covers the period between 1883 and 1910. This section focuses on the celebration of the centenary of Bolívar's birth. There will...

The purpose of this thesis was to explore how alchemy has influenced Carlos Estevez’s work through a study of the symbolic repertoire and the philosophical concepts associated with it in his art, particularly how these are expressed in his artworks and how alchemy has evolved thematically in his oeuvre. The study of alchemy influenced this artist so deeply that even pieces that were not primarily inspired by this philosophical system show traces of it, essentially by representing the concept of transformation, crucial to understanding the alchemical process. This thesis is based on Carl Gustav Jung’s idea of metaphysical transformation as one of the main aspects of alchemy, and on his theory of active imagination as a tool to represent thoughts through artworks. Alchemy transformed Estevez’s art, and by extension the way he approaches life, making him conscious of the importance of transmutation and alchemical concepts.

Les stalles de l'ancien duché de Bretagne forment un corpus exceptionnel du point de vue de l'art autant que de l'histoire. Cette thèse en propose une approche globale depuis leur inventaire jusqu’aux mécanismes de leur création en passant par l’iconographie. Dans un premier temps, le recensement de ce mobilier a révélé la présence d’une dizaine de groupes encore en place, soit plus de 300 sièges comportant plus de 1000 éléments sculptés, réalisés pour l’essentiel entre la findu XVe et le milieu du XVIe siècle. Par ailleurs, les documents d’archives permettent la compréhension du contexte de création, les exigences des commanditaires et le travail des huchiers. Ces derniers apparaissent comme des travailleurs indépendants, très qualifiés et bénéficiant d’un savoir-faire étendu. Les modalités de la commande diffèrent selon leszones géographiques et linguistiques concernées, et selon les commanditaires, a fortiori dans le contexte politique de cetteépoque. Le rôle joué par la noblesse francobretonne est ici déterminant, notamment dans la diffusion des motifs italiens. L’iconographie des stalles bretonnes constitue, enfin, un point essentiel de ce travail par la richesse des motifs et la variété des références. L’ouverture du duché au commerce international à la fin du Moyen Âge contribue à la diffusion des modèles et aux échanges artistiques. Mêlant dans un joyeux syncrétisme thèmes religieux et profanes, images du Gothique international et vocabulaire de la première Renaissance, les sculptures des stalles mettent en scène la vision d’un monde, celle du clergé, où cohabitent discours moral, herméneutique chrétienne et culture carnavalesque / The choir stalls of the ancient Duchy of Brittany present an exceptional corpus from the historical point of view as well as from that of the history of art. This thesis focuses on this particular church furniture, supplying its inventory, a study of its iconography and the history and conditions of its creation. The first step of the inventory reveals about ten groups of choir stalls still preserved in Breton churches, which, at least, represent more than 300 stalls and a thousand of sculptures. Themajority of those groups were created between the last decades of the 15th century and the middle of the 16th century. Furthermore, archives give a certain number of useful information for the comprehension of a context of their creation, patrons’ wishes and woodcarvers’ work. Carvers appear to be qualified independent workers possessing an important experience and qualification. The conditions of work depend on geographic and linguistic areas, type of patronage and, afortiori, the specific political and religious context of this period. For example, the Franco-Breton nobility plays a key role in this context, especially in the diffusion of Italian motifs. Iconography of the choir stalls is, finally, of a high interest because of the richness of motifs and the variety of references used in its. The opening of the duchy to the world trade in the late Middle Ages contributes to the diffusion of models and the development of artistic exchanges. Mixing in joyful syncretism religious and profane themes, images from International Gothic and new vocabulary of the first Renaissance, the choir stalls’ carvings of Brittany show us the clerical vision of a world, where moralistic meanings, Christian hermeneutic, satirical views of the society and carnival culture are merged together without contradiction

The Astwerk like late gothic natural decor in Bohemian lands with international kontext Abstract The diploma thesis presents introduction to problems of naturalistic dekor and use of the motif cut branches / astwerk in Bohemian lands. The focus will be primarily using in the field of sculpture of stone. There will be explained starting area use of astwerk decor, way to the Bohemian lands and Moravia, followed by the development of a retreat in the context of the Renaissance. After a critical review of the literature the work will indicate a chapter on cultural-historical context. The situation in the Bohemian lands after the Hussite wars will be introduced, when in insecure religious circumstances was chosen King Vladislav Jagiello in Kutna Hora, and so begins a new period of prosperity of the country again. Mentioned also will be his representative program in response to Charles IV. Soon Vladislav Jagiello also became King of Hungary and change the new seat to Buda. The influence of the character of the change should be noted. Above it is meant unbroken artistic production and later inspiration the early Renaissance form. The subchapter is a courtly art especially during the reign of Vladislav Jagiello. In this part there are presented foremost works and their authors also including B. Ried. In this...

This thesis proposes the use of seashells and their behaviours to create a methodological framework for designing wearable knitted sculptures for the body. The behaviours of exposure, protection, growth, and constriction are used to map out the cyclic life pattern of the woman's body and explore its growth. This cyclic view of the woman's body is rooted in re-imagined storytelling of classic myths, continuing the traditional practice of retelling stories to fit or change the perception of current social constructions. The mythology of maiden-mother-crone is aligned with seashell growth cycle, creating a conceptual dialogue between the two. This creates a dynamic storytelling within the research which informs the behaviour and look of the individual pieces. The work used a methodology that explored how digital tools can be incorporated into the sketching process. Experiments, digital and physical, were conducted to support and deepen the exploration of the concept regarding seashells growing on human bodies in both the metaphorical and physical sense. The methodology included the notion of Tableau vivant, a tableau-like performance by the model that is captured as a still image to convey the design expression. The collection tells a story where each piece is a point in the lifespan of shells and humans, drawing parallels between the individual growth cycles and establishing meeting points through body characteristics and social symbolism. This makes the textiles not only an extension of the body with transcribed feelings and personalities but also a representation of it. This thesis presents a twofold result, the five-pieced collection of wearable garments and a series of photographed images that contextualize the collections’ interaction with the woman's body.

The text explores the concept of shared spaces and the role of spaces in caring for everything inhabited. It highlights the need for us humans to rethink spaces and engage with them. This thesis uses two sculptured objects in Malmö to illustrate the responsibility and response-ability objects and humans hold towards their places. The text aims to engage with these objects with care and consciousness. Theoretical frameworks of Leslie Kern’s Feminist City and theories of Radical Empathy in archival practices will formulate the basis for this engagement. This thesis seeks for actions of radical care through a feminist agenda. It concludes by highlighting the importance of empathically engaging in public spaces, leading to discussions around societal norms and questioning of human constructs.

[ES] La presente tesis profundiza en el saber metodológico, material y simbólico del tipo de bien cultural categorizado como "escultura arquitectónica en terracruda", dirigiéndolo a dilucidar los problemas conservativos que le son característicos. Para ello parte de la hipótesis según la cual el empleo simbólico de la tierra con fines espirituales es el que habría conducido al desarrollo de un método o conjunto de técnicas encaminadas a la representación de la divinidad mediante este material, las cuales podrían mostrar un patrón de elaboración común repetido a lo largo del tiempo y preservado hasta nuestros días. En la verificación de dicha hipótesis se emplea un enfoque multimodal, comparando: los datos obtenidos del estudio de la bibliografía histórico-arqueológica, la documentación del conocimiento tradicional conservado en el noroeste de la India y algunas áreas del Himalaya y los análisis de muestras de ejemplos de esculturas arqueológicas de entre los siglos V y X d.C., procedentes en los yacimientos budistas de Tepe Narenj y Qol-e-tut (Kabul, Afganistán). Los resultados demuestran la existencia de un patrón de elaboración común y por lo tanto la conexión de este tipo de obras con un saber milenario preservado durante más de 2.000 años en algunas regiones de Asia. Con ello, no sólo se amplía el conocimiento científico que hasta hoy se tenía de esta clase de obras y se sientan las bases para un protocolo de actuación dirigido a mejorar su conservación en caso de ser halladas en contexto arqueológico, si no que los resultados ofrecen una nueva perspectiva de estudio, a la vez que sirven para inspirar futuras líneas de intervención más acordes con su naturaleza y significado. / [CA] La present tesi aprofundeix en el saber metodològic, material i simbòlic del tipus de bé cultural categoritzat com "escultura arquitectònica en terracrua", dirigint-lo a dilucidar els problemes conservatius que li són característics. Per fer-ho parteix de la hipòtesi segons la qual l'ús simbòlic de la terra amb finalitats espirituals és el que hauria conduït a el desenvolupament d'un mètode o conjunt de tècniques encaminades a la representació de la divinitat mitjançant aquest material, les quals podrien mostrar un patró d'elaboració comú repetit al llarg de el temps i preservat fins als nostres dies. En la verificació d'aquesta hipòtesi s'ha emprat un enfoc multimodal, comparant: les dades obtingudes mitjançant l'estudi de la bibliografia històrico-arqueològica, la documentació del coneixement tradicional conservat al nord-oest de l'Índia i algunes àrees de l'Himàlaia i les anàlisis de mostres d'exemples d'escultures arqueològiques d'entre els segles V i X dC, procedents en els jaciments budistes de Tepe Narenj i Qol-e-tut (Kabul, Afganistan). Els resultats demostren l'existència d'un patró d'elaboració comú i per tant la connexió d'aquest tipus d'obres amb un saber mil·lenari preservat durant més de 2.000 anys en algunes regions d'Àsia. Les dades obtingudes no tan sols amplien el coneixement científic que fins avui es tenia d'aquesta classe d'obres, posant les bases per a un protocol d'actuació dirigit a millorar la seva conservació en cas de ser trobades en context arqueològic, sinó que també ofereixen una nova perspectiva d'estudi, alhora que serveixen per inspirar futures línies d'intervenció més d'acord amb la seva naturalesa i significat. / [EN] The present thesis delves into the methodological, material, and symbolic knowledge of a type of cultural heritage categorized as "architectural sculpture in terracruda" to elucidate the conservation problems that are characteristic of it. To this end, it is based on the hypothesis that the symbolic use of "earth" for spiritual purposes is what would have led to the development of a method or set of techniques aimed at the representation of the divinity through this material, which could show a common pattern of elaboration repeated over time and preserved to the present day. A multimodal approach is used to verify this hypothesis, comparing the data obtained through the study of the historical-archaeological literature, the documentation of traditional knowledge preserved in north-western India and some areas of the Himalayas and the analysis of archaeological samples of sculptures from the 5th to 10th centuries A.D., from the Buddhist sites of Tepe Narenj and Qol-e-tut (Kabul, Afghanistan). The results demonstrate the existence of a common pattern of elaboration and therefore the connection of this type of works with a millenary knowledge preserved for more than 2,000 years in some regions of Asia. This not only broadens the scientific knowledge of this type of work and lays the foundations for an action protocol aimed at improving their conservation in case they are found in an archaeological context, but the results also offer a new perspective of study, while serving to inspire future lines of intervention more in line with their nature and significance. / Gracias a la valiosa ayuda de la National Geographic Society (EC-59568C-19) / López Prat, M. (2021). La escultura arquitectónica en terracruda: análisis tecnológico basado en la evidencia histórico-arqueológica y el estudio del conocimiento tradicional [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/174682 / TESIS