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Showing 41 to 49 of 49 (0.394 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"econdary data analysis"" "subject:"decondary data analysis""
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The Labour Supply of Unpaid Caregivers in CanadaLilly, Meredith Lenore 31 July 2008 (has links)
The Labour Supply of Unpaid Caregivers in Canada, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Meredith Lenore Lilly, Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 2008.
As medical care increasingly shifts from the hospital to the home, responsibility for care has also shifted from the state and paid care, to the family and unpaid care. Unpaid caregivers are family members and friends who provide homecare services to recipients in their place of residence without financial compensation, as a result of their close personal relationships. This research tests the multiple hypotheses that unpaid caregiving has an impact on (1) the probability of labour force participation (LFP); (2) hours of labour force work; and (3) earnings by caregivers in Canada.
We analyzed the 1996 and 2002 General Social Surveys, applying multivariate probit, logistic, and OLS regression analyses to four equations: 1) the probability of labour force participation; 2) the hourly wage; 3) weekly hours of labour market work; and 4) the probability of being an unpaid caregiver.
Results indicate that unpaid caregiving was negatively associated with labour force participation; however, the impact on hours of labour market work and wages was uncertain. Women and men caregivers were impacted differently: only caregiving men in 1996 had significantly lower wages than non-caregivers, and only women in 1996 worked significantly fewer hours in the labour market. When caregiving was defined broadly, only men in 1996 were significantly less likely to be employed than non-caregivers. Yet when we controlled for caregiving intensity in 2002, both male and female primary caregivers were much less likely to be in the labour force than non-caregivers, while secondary caregivers were no less likely to be employed than non-caregivers.
We conclude that when caregiving responsibilities are relatively small, individuals seem able to balance both caregiving with employment. Yet when caregiving commitments become heavy, it becomes increasingly difficult to balance employment with caregiving. We make a number of policy recommendations ranging from improving caregiver access to financial supports, formal care and respite services, particularly for primary caregivers. We also encourage the development of workplace legislation and caregiver friendly workplaces for the majority of caregivers who remain in the labour market.
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| 42 |
Towards establishing the equivalence of the English version of the verbal analogies scale of the Woodcock Munuz Language Survey across English and Xhosa first language speakersIsmail, Ghouwa January 2010 (has links)
<p>In the majority of the schools in South Africa (SA), learners commence education in English. This English milieu poses a considerable challenge for English second-language speakers. In an attempt to bridge the gap between English as the main medium of instruction and the nine indigenous languages of the country and assist with the implementation of mother-tongue based bilingual education, this study focuses on the cross-validation of a monolingual English test used in the assessment of multilingual or bilingual learners in the South African context. This test, namely the Woodcock Muñ / oz Language Survey (WMLS), is extensively used in the United States in Additive Bilingual Education in the country. The present study is a substudy of a broader study, in which the original WMLS (American-English version) was adapted into SA English and Xhosa. For this specific sub-study, the researcher was interested in investigating the scalar equivalence of the adapted English version of the Verbal Analogies (VA) subscale of the WMLS across English first-language speakers and Xhosa first-language speakers. This was achieved by utilising differential item functioning (DIF) and construct bias statistical techniques. The Mantel-Haenszel DIF detection method was employed to detect DIF, while construct equivalence was examined by means of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) utilising an a priori two-factor structure. The Tucker&rsquo / s phi coefficient was used to assess the congruence of the construct across the two language groups</p>
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| 43 |
Comparing the BDI II and the HADS (HADS-D) as a screening tool for depression amongst HIV infected individuals attending a public health clinicLe Fleur, Celeste Catherine January 2011 (has links)
<p>This study utilised secondary data from a larger study that looked at individuals that are already infected by HIV which is entitled Implicative personal dilemmas and cognitive conflicts in health decision making in HIV positive adults and adults with AIDS. The primary aim of the larger study was to examine the cognitive construction of the individual and how they utilised their individual resources to construct who they are and how they perceived the difficulties and challenges that they face and the decisions they make regarding their health. HIV and AIDS is a debilitating disease and it affects millions worldwide. South Africa, presently, has the largest burden of this disease with those between the ages of 15 &ndash / 49 years of age being most affected. As previously  / mentioned the decisions that individuals make can impact on their health. Decisions to take necessary precautions such as protected sex during sexual intercourse can decrease the  / progression of the disease. Decisions made regarding abstinence of risky behaviour as well as being committed to taking medication could also positively impact health. People living with HIV and AIDS find it  / difficult to adjust to the challenges that this disease presents. Depression is often experienced due to the changes in self image and perception. Studies show that  / females are twice more likely to experience depression than men. There has however been no conclusive evidence showing the reason for this, however, the perception of stress based on  / gender could shed some light on this matter and how these perceptions can increase the likelihood of women being more vulnerable to depression. Due to the limitation of this study, it will  / only look at depression as it relates to HIV and AIDS. Psychological problems such as depression can hamper the adjustment process and the effect of depression is evident in that it can lower the CD 4 + cells. Not only are those  / living with HIV and AIDS affected by depression, but they also have a lifetime prevalence to depression. It is important to have an effective screening tool for depression so that the detection of this  / disease can be made and effective treatment can be implemented to enhance health. The sample consisted of 113 adult participants that have already been diagnosed with HIV and AIDS. The  / primary aim of this study was to compare the Beck&rsquo / s Depression Inventory II (BDI II) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale &ndash / (the Depression component) (HADS-D) as a screening tool  /   / for depression. Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed a 5 factor structure which accounted for 60.14 % of the total variance. The HADS yielded one factor accounting for 14.33% of total variance. The BDI II has proven to be more a reliable measure of depression with 0.89 according to the Cronbach&rsquo / s Alpha co efficient opposed to 0.375 as per the HADS-D. The secondary aim was to establish  / the sociodemographic and disease profiles of the participants under study. </p>
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| 44 |
Comparing the BDI II and the hads (HADS-D) as a screening tool for depression amongst HIV infected individuals attending a public health clinicFleur, Celeste Catherine Le January 2010 (has links)
This study utilised secondary data from a larger study that looked at individuals that are already infected by HIV which is entitled Implicative personal dilemmas and cognitive conflicts in health decision making in HIV positive adults and adults with AIDS. The primary aim of the larger study was to examine the cognitive construction of the individual and how they utilised their individual resources to construct who they are and how they perceived the difficulties and challenges that they face and the decisions they make regarding their health. HIV and AIDS is a debilitating disease and it affects millions worldwide. South Africa, presently, has the largest burden of this disease with those between the ages of 15 – 49 years of age being most affected. As previously mentioned the decisions that individuals make can impact on their health. Decisions to take necessary precautions such as protected sex during sexual intercourse can decrease the progression of the
disease. Decisions made regarding abstinence of risky behaviour as well as being committed to taking medication could also positively impact health. People living with HIV and AIDS find it difficult to adjust to the challenges that this disease presents. Depression is often experienced due to the changes in self image and perception. Studies show that females are twice more likely to experience depression than men. There has however been no conclusive evidence showing the
reason for this, however, the perception of stress based on gender could shed some light on this matter and how these perceptions can increase the likelihood of women being more vulnerable to depression. Due to the limitation of this study, it will only look at depression as it relates to HIV and AIDS. Psychological problems such as depression can hamper the adjustment process and the effect of depression is evident in that it can lower the CD 4 + cells. Not only are those living with HIV and AIDS affected by depression, but they also have a lifetime prevalence to depression. It is important to have an effective screening tool for depression so that the detection of this disease can be made and effective treatment can be implemented to enhance health. The sample consisted of 113 adult participants that have already been diagnosed with HIV and AIDS. The primary aim of this study was to compare the Beck’s Depression Inventory II (BDI II) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale –(the Depression component) (HADS-D) as a screening tool for depression.Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed a 5 factor structure which accounted for 60.14 % of the total variance. The HADS yielded one factor accounting for 14.33% of total variance. The BDI II has proven to be more a reliable measure of depression with 0.89 according to the Cronbach’s Alpha co
efficient opposed to 0.375 as per the HADS-D. The secondary aim was to establish the sociodemographic and disease profiles of the participants under study. / Magister Psychologiae - MPsych
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| 45 |
The ICT pedagogic challenges and enablers of grade eight natural science and mathematics teachers in South African classrooms / Varughese J.Varughese, James January 2011 (has links)
In South Africa, Science and Technology Education faces many problems. Insufficient numbers
of Science and Technology teachers, inadequate in–service training, large classes, instruction
with the aim of narrowly orienting students towards examination passes an insufficient
integration of technology in the curriculum, and insufficient physical infrastructure dominates
the list. The Department of Education envisages the use of ICT as a tool for learning
and teaching. ICT has the potential to improve the quality of education and training. If adequate
resources are available, and teachers have confidence in the usefulness of ICTs, then
the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) may improve the teaching
and learning of Mathematics and Science.
A review of the literature indicated that the deployment of ICT resources alone will not bring
about desirable pedagogical practices in the classroom. There exists a need for interventions
that will enhance ICT pedagogical practices in South Africa. The following main research
questions were formulated:
What are the ICT pedagogic practices used by grade 8 Mathematics and Science teachers in
South African classrooms?
How do the barriers that grade 8 Mathematics and Science teachers encounter, as well as
the support they receive, influence their pedagogical practices?
What is the Principal’s role in promoting the emerging pedagogic practices using ICT in
South African classrooms?
This research comprises a secondary data analysis of the SITES 2006 South African data
base. The population and sample for this study was based on the South African grade 8
Mathematics and Natural science teachers. In SITES 2006, the samples comprised more
than 504 schools. Due to the fact that ICT is only significantly implemented in two out of nine
provinces in South Africa, 25 strata were created to secure fair representation of the population
with 666 Mathematics teachers and 622 Natural Science teachers.
Bromfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory and Engeström’s Activity Theory was used to
investigate Natural Science and Mathematics teachers’ progress in their ICT pedagogical
practices through the time–frame 2004 to 2013, as stipulated in the South Africa’s White paper
on e–Education policy. Statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences
was used to address the research and sub–questions. The study found that South African
Mathematics and Natural Science teachers’ level of ICT use is small; when they do use ICT, it is enhanced 21st century pedagogic practices. This is in accordance with findings from the
international literature study. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Education))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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| 46 |
The ICT pedagogic challenges and enablers of grade eight natural science and mathematics teachers in South African classrooms / Varughese J.Varughese, James January 2011 (has links)
In South Africa, Science and Technology Education faces many problems. Insufficient numbers
of Science and Technology teachers, inadequate in–service training, large classes, instruction
with the aim of narrowly orienting students towards examination passes an insufficient
integration of technology in the curriculum, and insufficient physical infrastructure dominates
the list. The Department of Education envisages the use of ICT as a tool for learning
and teaching. ICT has the potential to improve the quality of education and training. If adequate
resources are available, and teachers have confidence in the usefulness of ICTs, then
the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) may improve the teaching
and learning of Mathematics and Science.
A review of the literature indicated that the deployment of ICT resources alone will not bring
about desirable pedagogical practices in the classroom. There exists a need for interventions
that will enhance ICT pedagogical practices in South Africa. The following main research
questions were formulated:
What are the ICT pedagogic practices used by grade 8 Mathematics and Science teachers in
South African classrooms?
How do the barriers that grade 8 Mathematics and Science teachers encounter, as well as
the support they receive, influence their pedagogical practices?
What is the Principal’s role in promoting the emerging pedagogic practices using ICT in
South African classrooms?
This research comprises a secondary data analysis of the SITES 2006 South African data
base. The population and sample for this study was based on the South African grade 8
Mathematics and Natural science teachers. In SITES 2006, the samples comprised more
than 504 schools. Due to the fact that ICT is only significantly implemented in two out of nine
provinces in South Africa, 25 strata were created to secure fair representation of the population
with 666 Mathematics teachers and 622 Natural Science teachers.
Bromfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory and Engeström’s Activity Theory was used to
investigate Natural Science and Mathematics teachers’ progress in their ICT pedagogical
practices through the time–frame 2004 to 2013, as stipulated in the South Africa’s White paper
on e–Education policy. Statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences
was used to address the research and sub–questions. The study found that South African
Mathematics and Natural Science teachers’ level of ICT use is small; when they do use ICT, it is enhanced 21st century pedagogic practices. This is in accordance with findings from the
international literature study. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Education))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
|
| 47 |
Analysis of Evidence-Based Course of Study Predictors for Improving the Post-school Outcomes of Post-Secondary Education and Employment for Students with AutismFeldman-Sparber, Carol 04 May 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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| 48 |
The Food Behavior Considerations, Physical Activity Behavior Patterns, and Body Composition Indices of Adolescents in Puerto RicoVigo-Valentin, Alexander 12 September 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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| 49 |
Exploratory study of market entry strategies for digital payment platformsMarcinkowska, Anna January 2018 (has links)
The digital payment industry has become one of the fastest evolving markets in the world, but in the wake of its rapid advancement, an ever increasing gap between academic theory and the actual reality of this market widens - and especially so when it comes to entry theory. It is widely acknowledged that the world is moving towards an ever more homogeneous economy, but despite the fact that payment preferences differ greatly from country to country - research on this subject continues to revolve mainly around localized efforts. But as historical inequalities between poor and rich societies continue to dissipate - learning from nations at the forefront of technological advancement increases the likelihood that the developed strategy becomes applicable to an increased number of countries. By selecting a nation most conducive to technological growth, the purpose of this report is to map the present dynamics in its digital payment industry using both recent and traditional market entry theory. However, studies geared towards globalized strategy formulation cannot be assumed as having guaranteed access to internal company-data at all times. So in order to facilitate such studies, the level of dependency on primary data required for conducting such research needs to be understood first, which is why the work in this report is constrained strictly to data of secondary nature. This, not only to further map the characteristics of this market, but also to see how open the market is to public inspection. Ultimately, the academic contribution becomes that of providing a road-map towards adapting currently available market entry theory to suit the rapidly evolving conditions of the digital payment industry from a global perspective and, when failing to do so, the aim is to also explore avenues for further research towards this end goal.
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