An increasing pressure is found on public sector organisations both to be efficient and innovative. Recently ambidexterity has found its ground in the public sector showing significant impact on firm performance. Combined with the increasing pressure from society for conducting sustainable business, we aimed at investigating how structural ambidexterity in regard to sustainability relates to sustainability performance, and how this relationship is moderated by centralisation and connectedness. A quantitative method has been used where the Swedish municipal housing organisations were surveyed. 141 different municipal housing organisations participated in the survey. A content analysis was also done with the help of the TBL to measure the organisations sustainability performance. The results from the dissertation showed that ambidextrous sustainability leads to sustainability performance. No moderating effect from centralisation and connectedness was found on the relationship between ambidextrous sustainability and sustainability performance. This dissertation sets the ground for a new concept of ambidextrous sustainability. Furthermore, contributing to strategic public management as well as further expanding on the stakeholder approach and the moderating effect of stakeholders. The dissertation also contributes methodologically by measuring sustainability performance with the TBL through a content analysis as well as how to measure ambidextrous sustainability.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-01-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:51:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ramos_dar_me_prud.pdf: 824649 bytes, checksum: 585105f2ef9f91f0e0a09bcd2fdfe05a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Secretaria de Estado da Educação / Este trabalho analisa o subsetor metalomecânico no município de Sertãozinho e sua dependência em relação ao setor sucroalcooleiro, que possuem uma ligação intrínseca desde os primeiros engenhos, na origem do município, às grandes plantas das agroindústrias produtoras de açúcar, álcool e outros subprodutos da cana-de- açúcar, nos dias atuais. O município se desponta pela participação de sete agroindústrias processadoras de cana e várias empresas do subsetor metalomecânico, recorte dessa pesquisa, especializadas em usinagem, caldeiraria, fundição, produtoras de peças e equipamentos e prestação de serviços ao setor sucroalcooleiro. A rápida expansão da cultura de cana-deaçúcar na região, a presença das unidades processadoras, conferiu uma territorialização e especialização produtiva por parte dessas empresas metalomecânicas, que por sua vez, estabelecem relações entre si, instituições e poder público como estratégia de ampliar a capacidade produtiva. Dentro desse contexto, como forma de entender os condicionantes de competitividade utilizou-se a Teoria do Diamante de Porter (1999) que aborda os quatro determinantes e o Governo (Estado), criando um ambiente onde as empresas competem. São eles: Condições de Fatores (insumos) verificou-se a presença de eficiente infra-estrutura viária, a criação de distritos industriais pelo poder público local, fator terra com elevado grau de ocupação do solo pela cultura de cana, existência de mão-de-obra qualificada, composta também pela participação dos proprietários no processo de produção, e a presença de instituições de ensino para a qualificação profissional. Condições de Demanda constatou-se uma demanda crescente por açúcar e álcool no mercado internacional e ampliação do mercado interno para o álcool, em conseqüência desses fatores observou-se investimentos por parte das... / This work analyses the metal-mechanic production subsector in Sertãozinho’s municipality and its dependency in relation to the sugar-alcohol production sector. These two sectors have an intrinsic link beginning with the first machines created in the municipality since its origin until the current sugar, alcohol and other sugarcane agroindustries. The municipality gains importance because of the participation of seven sugarcane agro-industries and many metal-mechanic enterprises. These ones are specialised in machining, boiling, iron foundry, engine pieces and equipments production, and services relating to the sugar-alcohol sector. The fast expansion of sugarcane in Sertãozinho’s region and the presence of processors unities have territorialised and specialised the production of the metal-mechanic enterprises. These enterprises, in their turn, have established relations with each other and with different institutions and the public power as a strategy of expanding the productive capacity. In this context, it was used the Diamond’s theory of Porter (1999) aiming to understand the competitiveness conditionings. This theory focuses in four determinants and government (State) in order to create an environment of enterprise competition. They are: Factors Conditions (inputs), to verify the presence of efficient Road infrastructure, creation of industrial districts by local public power, high occupation of soil by sugarcane, qualified workmanship (with proprietary’s participation in production process) and presence of professional qualifying teaching institutions. Demand Conditions, to find a rising demand for sugar and alcohol in the international market and an increase of internal alcohol market... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

This paper analyzes the effects of the liberalization and/or exclusion of the agricultural sector in the integration processes in which are immersed the Latin American Countries from the comparison of four different ways from liberalization. The central objective consists of determining if it is necessary that this sector receives a special treatment in comparison with the rest of economic sectors, or if the complete liberalization is more/less favorable than the exclusion of the agriculture in the integration processes. We used a static CGE model, multisectorial, multicountry of short and long term that has a predominantly agricultural aggregation. Between the main results we found that although the four types of liberalization generate positive results in the Latin American economies; for Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador-Bolivia, Argentina and Uruguay the multilateral strategy that excludes the agricultural sector generates greater benefits than the net tariff liberalization. Despite if we compare the tariff liberalization versus the total liberalization (one that includes export subsidies elimination and band of prices), all the countries with exception of Peru and Venezuela register greater benefits with the total liberalization. / El presente documento analiza los efectos de la liberalización y/o exclusión del sector agrícola en los procesos de integración en los que se encuentran inmersos los países latinoamericanos a partir de la comparación de cuatro diferentes modos de liberalización. El objetivo central consiste en determinar si es o no necesario que este sector reciba un tratamiento especial en comparación con el resto de sectores económicos, o si es más favorable la liberalización completa o la exclusión del agro en los procesos de integración. Para ello, empleamos como herramienta un modelo EGC estático, multipaís y multisectorial de corto y largo plazo, el cual cuenta con una desagregación predominantemente agrícola. Entre los principales resultados encontramos que si bien los cuatro tipos de liberalización generan resultados positivos en las economías latinoamericanas, para el Perú, Venezuela, Ecuador-Bolivia, Argentina y Uruguay la estrategia multilateral que excluye al sector agrícola genera mayores beneficios que la liberalización netamente arancelaria. No obstante, si se compara la liberalización netamente arancelaria versus la total (que incluye eliminación de los subsidios a la exportación y franja de precios), todos los países, con excepción de Perú y Venezuela, registran mayores beneficios con la liberalización total.

This article begins with a review of the effect of public sector corruption and its causes. It explains the role of supreme audit institutions (SAI) in anti-corruption initiatives. The author ends with strategic recommendations for anti-corruption initiatives within SAIs including reducing the opportunities and incentives for corruption, increasing the cost of corrupt behavior and changing public expectations that cases of corruption will be successfully prosecuted. / Este artículo principia con una síntesis de los efectos de la corrupción en el sector público y las causas de la corrupción. Explica luego el papel de las instituciones supremas de auditoría (ISA) en las iniciativas de anticorrupción. El autor finaliza con recomendaciones para las estrategias de anticorrupción en las cuales las ISA deben centrarse, que incluyen la reducción de las oportunidades y de los incentivos para la corrupción, el aumento del costo previsto del comportamiento corrupto y la transformación de las expectativas públicas al asegurar que los casos de corrupción serán procesados con éxito.

O gerenciamento de portfólios de projetos é adotado por organizações para garantir que sejam priorizados e realizados os melhores projetos para atingir os objetivos estratégicos da organização e para haver um melhor planejamento do uso dos diversos recursos da organização para a execução dos projetos. O setor público tem características que o distingue do setor privado, o que reflete em como as organizações dos dois setores são gerenciadas. O objetivo deste trabalho, além de realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o gerenciamento de portfólio no setor público, é estudar as características e ferramentas utilizadas no gerenciamento de portfólio de projetos no setor público em comparação com o setor privado. Para a realização deste estudo foram realizados estudos de caso em quatro empresas privadas de diversos setores e em quatro organizações públicas de diversas esferas de governo e de atuação. Nos estudos de caso, além da análise de documentação, foram realizadas entrevistas com profissionais de todas as organizações as quais foram transcritas e analisadas com auxílio do NVivo, um programa de análise qualitativa de dados. A análise dos dados levantados frente às proposições de pesquisa permitiu constatar que em ambos os setores o gerenciamento de portfólio de projetos tem como um de seus objetivos principais gerar um alinhamento entre os projetos realizados e os objetivos estratégicos pretendidos pela organização; as organizações do setor público, ao contrário do sugerido pela análise da literatura, possuem uma maior formalização dos seus processos de gerenciamento de portfólio de projetos; existe um indicativo que as ferramentas utilizadas em ambos os setores são semelhantes, sendo que a ferramenta de pontuação e ordenamento é uma das mais utilizadas nas organizações pesquisadas; as classes de critérios mais utilizadas para a seleção e priorização do portfólio no setor público são diferentes das classes de critérios utilizadas no setor privado; a classe de critérios \"financeira\" é a que possui maior quantidade de critérios no setor privado e menor quantidade no setor público, situação que se inverte com a classe \"social e ambiental\" que tem maior quantidade de critérios no setor público e menor número no setor privado; o setor público tem menor atenção ao gerenciamento de riscos do que o setor privado. Não foi possível concluir se há diferença entre a influência das partes interessadas internas e externas à organização no gerenciamento de portfólio nos setores analisados. / Project portfolio management is used by organizations to ensure that they prioritize and execute the best projects available to achieve the organization\'s strategic objectives and to better plan the use of their resources. The public sector has some characteristics that distinguish it from the private sector that influences how organizations in both sectors are managed. This work aims to carry out a bibliographic review on portfolio management in the public sector and also to compare the characteristics and tools of project portfolio management processes used in the public and private sector. In order to carry out this study, eight case studies were carried out, four in private companies from different sectors and four in public organizations from different government´s responsibility and regions. During the case studies, in addition to documentation analysis, interviews were conducted with organizations´ professionals, that were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo, a qualitative data analysis software. The analysis of the data collected in comparison to the research proposals showed that in both sectors the main goal of project portfolio management is to generate an alignment between the projects carried out and the strategic objectives pursued by the organization; on the contrary that were indicated by the literature review, public sector organizations have more formalized project portfolio management processes than private sector companies; there is an indication that organizations in both sectors use similar tools and the scoring and classification´s type is the most commonly used; the selection and prioritization criteria most used by public sector organizations are from different class than the most used by private sector organizations; the \"financial\" class of criteria is the one that has the biggest amount of criteria in the private sector and the smallest amount in the public sector, the opposite situation occurs in the \"social and environmental\" class that has the biggest amount of criteria in the public sector and the smallest amount in the private sector; public sector organizations are less concerned about risk management than private sector organizations. It wasn´t possible to infer if there is a difference in the influence\'s level between internal and external stakeholders in the project portfolio management\'s practices in the analyzed sectors.

The purpose of this thesis is to look at a non-conventional approach to increasing well-being at the community level. This new approach to development is called community-based economic development (CBED). Interest in CBED has been stimulated both by crises at the local level and by global problems. In Canada the impetus for CBED is attributable to three factors: the dependency of small communities on external factors and the alienation it promotes; a globalizing international economy; and the failure of past Canadian regional development planning policies. Community-based economic development is a new approach that seeks to increase community self-reliance. Many different CBED initiatives are currently operating in various regions, communities, and neighbourhoods across Canada. These CBED initiatives have centred on stimulating local employment and income levels almost exclusively within the formal "monetized" economy. This thesis examines a CBED initiative that operates within the "non-monetized" informal sector called the Local Exchange Trading System (LETS). LETS is a barter network that uses a local currency, "green dollars", to facilitate trading between members. To ascertain if the LETSystem can improve well-being at the local level, this thesis has examined three Canadian LETSYstems: Victoria, Cowichan Valley, and Ottawa. Three central goals of CBED were distilled: increased local control; implementation of an integrated approach to development; and sustainable development. The three LETSystems were then evaluated using the above goals. There are two main findings of this thesis. The first finding is that CBED can be, and presently is being, promoted in the informal sector. The second finding is that the LETSystems three examined, pursued goals similar to those of other CBED initiatives and sought to improve community well-being. The continued promotion of CBED by LETS is subject to two constraints: the novelty of the idea; and the lack of variety of goods and services traded. Nevertheless, there exists additional opportunities for the increased promotion of CBED through LETS, increased community development, and an expanded range of employment opportunities. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

The paper describes principles of project valuation within public sector. Theoretical part explains reasons why it is possible to donate private subject. In terms of these principles it is valuated project of implementing internet in the municipality. The valuation is realised mainly according to the analysis of financial flows.

This thesis analyses connections and similarities of indebtedness between household sector and the general government sector in the Czech Republic. Following the definition of the influence of monetary and fiscal policy on indebtedness of both sectors this thesis analyses indebtedness of the household sector and the government sector in the Czech Republic and selected EU countries in the period 2000 -- 2012 in terms of its amount and structure.

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of the Private-Public-Partnership (PPP) projects, as a tool for mutual financing of the public projects by private sector. Its main goal is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis, that the PPP projects are more effective form of the financing of the public projects and solve the problem of the debt trap into which countries entered in last decades. The thesis also defines the problem of the PPP project, their advantages and disadvantages and possible risks, analyses their usage in the Czech Republic and compares the experiences from the Great Britain in first two decades of the 21st century. The theoretical part of the thesis copes with the topic of financing of the projects of public sector and PPP projects. The descriptive and comparative methods will be used. In the practical part of the thesis will be performed the comparison of the chosen projects by synthetic analysis and the recommendation for the Czech Republic will be formulated based on the findings.

Work motivation is one of basic methods of management, it is a specific scientific field containing many scientific theories. An Effective motivation must be focused on characteristics of both the subject and the target. The greatest economic subject is the national economy with two cooperating sectors -- private, based on private ownership, and public sector financed by public sources. People engaged in one of these sectors can have various ideas and claims. For all managers, it is essential to know these claims and interests in order to apply a convenient motivation method. The aim of the proposed diploma thesis is to contribute to a solution of the following question -- is it necessary to motivate employees in public sector differently than employees in private sector? For this purpose I designed and evaluated a questionnaire. In last chapter, I suggest what measures are most convenient in order to reach the most effective motivation of employees in a public sector as well as in a private sector.