Literature reviews on various stream processes which contribute to reoxygenation and deoxygenation was presented. These processes include atmospheric reaeration, photosynthesis-respiration, biochemical oxygen consumption, and benthic demand. Measuring these parameters in a selected stream is a complex and costly operation. On the other hand, prediction models developed are specific to particular location and environmental conditions and can only be applied to similar situations. Computer models such as "RIVER" are available and could be used to predict dissolved oxygen concentrations along a waterway for a specified set of stream conditions. The model "RIVER" was calibrated by using the existing conditions of flow and water quality parameters along Phillippi Creek, Sarasota County, Florida. Also treatment requirements which could eliminate dissolved oxygen violations were predicted.

This creative project has culminated in a design solution to a water quality problem in the City of Indianapolis, Indiana. Pogues Run is a stream that has been buried in an underground culvert for almost a century. It has a long history of water quality problems including high bacteria levels and nonpoint source pollution. In addition, it has long been a flood threat to neighboring communities.To address the issue, a master plan was created for the last 1400' of Pogues Run before it emptied into the White River. The stream was removed from the culvert, brought back up to grade, a series of wetlands were developed to slow and filter stream flow, and an urban revitalization project was developed centering on the stream. The design solution provided flood control, stormwater storage and treatment, mixed-use redevelopment of historical buildings, a recreational area, and a high-density residential community. / Department of Landscape Architecture

There is a need of increasing fish production due to the rapidly growing population. The Amazon basin has around 1 million km2 of freshwater area, and a substantial part could be an ideal base for the development of the fish rearing industry. Currently, small-scale fish farming and fishery is commonly observed in the Amazon Basin, but these systems can negatively impact the environment, for example, via eutrophication and overfishing. Here I compare several fish production systems reported for the Amazon Basin to evaluate what is the most sustainable system that should be preferably implemented in that region. I also analyzed the potential of expanding fish farming at the Amazon basin, including a suggestion of the kind of the Amazonian water type and the fish species that should preferentially be recommended as the most appropriate for sustainable production. Blackwater and clearwater main tributaries have been pointed out as the most appropriate areas for fish farming and are recommended as the potential base of fish farming. As there is an existing market for the fishes Colossoma macropomum (Tambaqui); Arapaima gigas (Pirarucu) and Piaractus mesopotamicus (Pacu), these have been pointed out as the main species to start a sustainable fish production. The analysis of the fish production systems was performed in a way to allow a proper combination of the water self-purification mechanism and the fish culture industry. My main suggestion for sustainable fish production is that: a) fish rearing location should be changed on a yearly basis in order to decrease the local environmental impact. Water self-purification mechanisms are suggested as the main process to help to ameliorate the environmental impacts of fish farming. b) Tree seeds and fruits from 26 types of trees that naturally grow in the Amazon basin should be used for fish feeding, especially for tambaqui and pacu.

<p>Osnovni cilj istraživanja u okviru doktorske disertacije je definisanje<br />kriterijuma na osnovu optimizacije usvojenog stepena sorbiranja i<br />degradacije za modele transporta farmaceutika u aluvijalnim podzemnim<br />vodama, koji služe kao polazna osnova za postavke budućih izvori&scaron;ta<br />podzemne vode. Dobijeni su novi podaci i informacije koje će se koristiti za<br />procenu pona&scaron;anja farmaceutika, kao i za projektovanje i optimizaciju novih<br />sistema za efikasnu za&scaron;titu i upravljanje podzemnim vodama. Potpuno novi<br />rezultati se odnose na određivanje stepena eliminacije farmaceutika tokom<br />primene metode rečne obalske filtracije, kao i teorijsko i eksperimentalno<br />poređenje realnih podataka o stepenu sorbiranja i razgradnje farmaceutika.</p> / <p>The main goal of dissertation is to define new criteria based on the<br />optimization of applied sorption and degradation degree for groundwater<br />pharmaceuticals transport model, which serve as a basis for development<br />and design of the future drinking water facilities. New data and information&rsquo;s<br />are obtained and can be used for assessment of pharmaceutical behavior in<br />alluvial groundwater and for design of new and innovative systems for more<br />efficient protection and groundwater management. Novel results are referred<br />on the determination of the pharmaceuticals elimination during river bank<br />filtration and on the theoretical and experimental comparison of real data for<br />the sorption and degradation capacity of selected pharmaceuticals.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2928443 bytes, checksum: 37e82db316e259923fdc5e5e21f98116 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The water is usually classified as a renewable natural resource in quantity but not quality. The quality and quantity of it, will depend on how the man uses, but it is known that the man often uses this resource in an inappropriate way, causing often irreversible damage. The Tambay river is located in the city of Bayeux, state of Paraiba - Brazil, used in some places as municipal boundary between the towns of Bayeux and Santa Rita, with its river mouth located in the town of Bayeux in Paroeiras river and its source in the same town in the district of Alto da Boa Vista. This river has a length of approximately 3.51 km from the mouth to the source. Nearby its mouth river there is the dam of Santo Amaro, which years ago had breached its spillway and now appear as two distinct bodies of water. Water pollution originates from various sources, among which stand out domestic effluent, industrial effluents, the urban and agricultural runoff surface and is therefore associated with the use type and land occupation. It was observed that the population living around the basin using the river water for different uses such as irrigation, watering the animals, eviction of effluents, solid waste disposal, recreation, among others. To perform the research, some parameters were analyzed: pH, turbidity, color, total dissolved solids, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and thermotolerant coliform. The results of this analysis were compared with the values allowed by the CONAMA Resolution number 357/2005, to Class II river. It is observed that the parameters nitrite, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, thermotolerant coliform, behaved mostly above those permitted by the above resolution. Organic pollution of a watercourse can be evaluated by the decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration and / or the concentration of organic matter in terms of concentration of oxygen needed to oxidize it. Dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and thermotolerants coliforms were used as parameters to evaluate the self-purification of Tambay river. Evaluations were made of organic pollution profile through water sampling conducted over a period of one year and five months and were identified the areas of self-purification, over the course of the river, where it was possible to correlate DO with the BOD, but according with the results, Tambay river is in poor condition, silted, very polluted and unable to self-purify. / A água é comumente classificada como um recurso natural renovável em quantidade, mas não em qualidade. Tanto a qualidade quanto a quantidade da mesma vão depender da forma que o homem a usa, embora seja sabido que o homem utiliza muito esse recurso de forma inadequada, causando danos muitas vezes irreversíveis. O Rio Tambay está localizado no município de Bayeux, Estado da Paraíba - Brasil, servindo em alguns pontos como limite intermunicipal entre os municípios de Bayeux e Santa Rita, tendo a sua foz localizada na cidade de Bayeux no Rio Paroeiras e a sua nascente no mesmo município, no bairro Alto da Boa Vista. O referido rio tem extensão de aproximadamente 3,51 km da nascente à foz. Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral avaliar o processo de autodepuração do Rio Tambay na cidade de Bayeux Paraíba/Brasil, utilizando-se como parâmetros de qualidade da água o oxigênio dissolvido (OD) e a demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO5). Nas proximidades da nascente existe o Açude Santo Amaro, que há alguns anos teve seu vertedouro rompido e, atualmente, apresentam-se como dois corpos d água distintos. A poluição das águas origina-se de várias fontes, dentre as quais se destacam os efluentes domésticos, os efluentes industriais, o deflúvio superficial urbano e agrícola estando, portanto, associada ao tipo de uso e ocupação do solo. Observou-se que a população residente na bacia utiliza a água do rio para os mais diversos usos, tais como: irrigação, dessedentação de animais, despejos de efluentes, descarte de resíduos sólidos, lazer, dentre outros. Para realização da pesquisa alguns parâmetros foram analisados: pH, turbidez, cor, sólidos totais dissolvidos, nitrito, nitrato, oxigênio dissolvido, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio e coliformes termotolerantes. Os parâmetros OD, DBO5 e coliformes foram utilizados para avaliar e identificar as zonas de autodepuração do rio em estudo. Para tanto foram construídos perfis sanitários ao longo do curso do rio, contudo foi possível correlacionar os parâmetros citados. Os resultados obtidos dessas análises foram comparados com os valores máximos permitidos pela Resolução no 357/2005 do Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente - CONAMA, para Rio de Águas Doce - Classe II, na qual está inserido o rio Tambay. Observa-se que os parâmetros nitrito, nitrato, oxigênio dissolvido, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, coliformes termotolerantes, se comportaram na maioria das vezes acima do valor permitido pela Resolução supracitada. A poluição orgânica de um curso d água pode ser avaliada pelo decréscimo da concentração de oxigênio dissolvido e/ou pela concentração de matéria orgânica em termos de concentração de oxigênio necessário para oxidá-la. O oxigênio dissolvido (OD), a demanda bioquímica do oxigênio (DBO5) e os coliformes termotolerantes foram utilizados como parâmetros para avaliar a autodepuração do Rio Tambay. Foram feitas avaliações do perfil de poluição orgânica através de coletas de água realizada num período de um ano e cinco meses e foram identificadas as zonas de autodepuração, ao longo do curso do rio, onde foi possível correlacionar o OD com a DBO5. De acordo com os resultados obtidos o Rio Tambay encontra-se em péssimo estado, assoreado, bastante poluído e sem condições de se autodepurar.

Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre global de la restauration des cours d’eau pollués par une intensification des mécanismes d’autoépuration, en particulier la dégradation de la matière organique et de l’azote. L’objectif principal de cette étude est d’évaluer et modéliser la capacité de transfert d’oxygène air-eau par les principaux ouvrages hydrauliques à savoir les cascades en marches d’escalier et les chutes d’eau. Les expériences d’aération menées dans un pilote de laboratoire modulable, servant à la fois de cascade et de chute d’eau, ont permis d’évaluer le potentiel d’aération de ces structures, ainsi que d’étudier les effets des paramètres géométriques et opératoires. En première approche, une corrélation semi-empirique globale de calcul d’efficacité d’aération dans les cascades, avec un large spectre de validité, a été élaborée, en fonction du débit, nombre de marches et pente de la cascade, sur la base de nos mesures expérimentales et des données collectées dans les publications. La même démarche a été suivie pour élaborer une corrélation semi-empirique permettant une estimation de l’efficacité d’aération dans les chutes d’eau en fonction de la hauteur de chute, le niveau d’eau en aval et le débit d’écoulement. Afin de rendre compte des caractéristiques du phénomène de transfert dans les cascades d’eau (aire interfaciale d’échange air-eau et volume d’eau), des expériences de traçage ont été associées aux expériences d’aération ce qui a permis de mesurer le volume d’eau et de corréler le coefficient de transfert volumique d’oxygène kLa avec les différents paramètres intervenant dans les mécanismes d’aération. L’aire spécifique interfaciale a été simulée numériquement via l’approche VOF en fonction des conditions opératoires et géométriques. Une équation prédictive de calcul du coefficient de transfert du film liquide kL en fonction des paramètres d’influence a été obtenue à l’issu de l’ensemble des simulations et des mesures d’aération expérimentales / This work represents a part of polluted watercourses restoration by intensification of self-purification mechanisms essentially the degradation of organic matter and nitrogen. The main objective is to evaluate and model the air-water oxygen transfer by major hydraulic structures, namely stepped cascades and waterfalls. Aeration experiments conducted in a geometrically adjustable laboratory pilot, serving as stepped cascade and waterfall were used to assess the aeration potential of these structures as well as to study the geometrical an operating parameters effects. In a first approach, a global semi-empirical correlation for aeration efficiency calculation in stepped cascades, valid for a wide range of parameters, was developed, depending on water discharge, number of steps and chute slope, basing on our experimental measurements and data collected in publications. The same procedure was followed for developing a semi-empirical correlation to estimate the aeration efficiency of waterfalls in terms of the chute height, downstream water level and flowrate. In order to take into account the oxygen transfer phenomenon characteristics in stepped cascade (water volume and air-water exchange interfacial area), tracer experiments were associated with aeration experiments to allow measuring water volume and correlating the volume oxygen transfer coefficient kLa with the various parameters involved in the aeration mechanism. The interfacial specific area was numerically simulated using VOF approach depending on operating and geometrical parameters. A predictive equation for liquid film transfer coefficient kL calculation based on the parameters of influence was issued from both the simulations and experimental aeration measures

Darbo tikslas - ištirti taršos veikiamų reguliuotų upelių savaiminio apsivalymo nuo organinių ir biogeninių medžiagų tendencijas vasaros–rudens sausmečio laikotarpiais atsižvelgiant į gamtines ir antropogenines sąlygas. Darbo rezultatų praktinė reikšmė - disertacijoje nustatytas matematines priklausomybes galima pritaikyti vertinant organinių ir biogeninių medžiagų koncentracijų pokyčius tolstant nuo sutelktosios taršos šaltinio ne tik tirtuose, bet ir kituose upeliuose, tekančiuose panašiomis sąlygomis. Pateiktos matematinės priklausomybės yra naudingos modeliuojant vandens kokybės pokyčius, vertinant išleidžiamų į upelį teršalų poveikį vandens ekosistemai, nustatant leistiną išleidžiamų į upelius teršalų kiekį. Darbo mokslinis naujumas - šiame darbe pirmą kartą Vidurio Lietuvos Nevėžio upės baseino reguliuotuose upeliuose (kai debitas vasaros–rudens sausmečio laikotarpiu mažesnis kaip 0,1 m3/s) nustatyta gyvenviečių (iki 2000 gyventojų) sąlyginė tarša ir vandens kokybės kitimo dinamika upeliuose tolstant nuo sutelktosios taršos šaltinio; nustatyti veiksniai, turintys esminės įtakos savaiminiam upelių apsivalymui nuo organinių ir biogeninių medžiagų, bei ištirti upelių savaiminio apsivalymo dėsningumai ir pateiktos matematinės priklausomybės, leidžiančios prognozuoti upelių savaiminio apsivalymo galimybes. / The target subject of the research – pollution of Nevėžis River sub-basin regulated streams by small settlements (max. 2,000 inhabitants) in Middle Lithuania and their self-purification processes during seasons of low-flow regime. Scientific novelty of the research – for the first time, this paper identifies a relative pollution by settlements (up to 2000 inhabitants) in Nevėžis River basin regulated rivers (at a river discharge less than 0.1 m3/s during seasons of low-flow regime in summer-autumn) in Middle Lithuania and water quality dynamics in streams, moving away from the point pollution source, identifies factors having substantial effect on stream self-purification from organic substances and nutrients, investigates patterns of the stream self-purification, and provides mathematical relations that allow forecasting stream self-purification capabilities. Practical value of research results – mathematical relations, defined in the dissertation, can be applied to the assessment of fluctuations in organic substances and nutrients concentrations, moving away from the point pollution source not only in the studied streams, but also in other ones flowing under similar conditions. The mathematical relations are useful for modelling water quality changes, for assessing an impact of pollutants, discharged into a stream, on the aquatic ecosystem, and for determining the permissible load of pollutants discharged into streams.

The target subject of the research – pollution of Nevėžis River sub-basin regulated streams by small settlements (max. 2,000 inhabitants) in Middle Lithuania and their self-purification processes during seasons of low-flow regime. Scientific novelty of the research – for the first time, this paper identifies a relative pollution by settlements (up to 2000 inhabitants) in Nevėžis River basin regulated rivers (at a river discharge less than 0.1 m3/s during seasons of low-flow regime in summer-autumn) in Middle Lithuania and water quality dynamics in streams, moving away from the point pollution source, identifies factors having substantial effect on stream self-purification from organic substances and nutrients, investigates patterns of the stream self-purification, and provides mathematical relations that allow forecasting stream self-purification capabilities. Practical value of research results – mathematical relations, defined in the dissertation, can be applied to the assessment of fluctuations in organic substances and nutrients concentrations, moving away from the point pollution source not only in the studied streams, but also in other ones flowing under similar conditions. The mathematical relations are useful for modelling water quality changes, for assessing an impact of pollutants, discharged into a stream, on the aquatic ecosystem, and for determining the permissible load of pollutants discharged into streams. / Darbo tikslas - ištirti taršos veikiamų reguliuotų upelių savaiminio apsivalymo nuo organinių ir biogeninių medžiagų tendencijas vasaros–rudens sausmečio laikotarpiais atsižvelgiant į gamtines ir antropogenines sąlygas. Darbo rezultatų praktinė reikšmė - disertacijoje nustatytas matematines priklausomybes galima pritaikyti vertinant organinių ir biogeninių medžiagų koncentracijų pokyčius tolstant nuo sutelktosios taršos šaltinio ne tik tirtuose, bet ir kituose upeliuose, tekančiuose panašiomis sąlygomis. Pateiktos matematinės priklausomybės yra naudingos modeliuojant vandens kokybės pokyčius, vertinant išleidžiamų į upelį teršalų poveikį vandens ekosistemai, nustatant leistiną išleidžiamų į upelius teršalų kiekį. Darbo mokslinis naujumas - šiame darbe pirmą kartą Vidurio Lietuvos Nevėžio upės baseino reguliuotuose upeliuose (kai debitas vasaros–rudens sausmečio laikotarpiu mažesnis kaip 0,1 m3/s) nustatyta gyvenviečių (iki 2000 gyventojų) sąlyginė tarša ir vandens kokybės kitimo dinamika upeliuose tolstant nuo sutelktosios taršos šaltinio; nustatyti veiksniai, turintys esminės įtakos savaiminiam upelių apsivalymui nuo organinių ir biogeninių medžiagų, bei ištirti upelių savaiminio apsivalymo dėsningumai ir pateiktos matematinės priklausomybės, leidžiančios prognozuoti upelių savaiminio apsivalymo galimybes.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:23:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 757861 bytes, checksum: d287878573ebdc6c53d8f72b51ac84bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-13 / With the condensation increase of the urban population and of the exploration of farming and industry in the region of Dove River, the pollutant charges were increased in the water route of the region. The contamination of the water by several resources, such as domestic emanation and industries and, the diffuse urban and farming charge in the Dove River, mainly in the passage in studying, that is, from the nascent (Santa Bárbara of Tugúrio district), passing through Mercês, up to the city of Dove River, has been target of preoccupation. To characterize the environmental conditions and the water qualities, in this work was determined the water quality Index (WQI) and it was quantified the coefficients of deoxygenation (K1) and the reaeration (K2), in this passage of the river. The samples of water to determine the WQI were colected the amount of the sanitarium exhaustion points of the mentioned cities, this index has been calculated using the method adapted by Miner Institute of Water Management (IGAM). The variable selected to the calculation of WQI were tolerant-fire coliform, pH, variation of temperature between the point of mixture and the one point the amount of the point of the mixture, turbidity, total solids, biochemistry oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate, phosphate e melted oxygen. The samples of water to determine the values of K1 e K2 were collected the ebb tide from the points of the cities sanitary exhaustion. The values of K1 were obtained using the method of quantification of the oxygen consume in samples kept to 20°C, with posterior adjust of the mathematics equation to the data of BOD discharged in function of the time. The values of K2 were obtained replacing the data (water temperature, local altitude, concentration of oxygen melted in the point of the mixture, BOD5d-20oC, water velocity, value of K1, traveled distance and the concentration of melted oxygen (MO) in the final of the passage) in the equation of Streeter-Phelps. Estimate equations of values of K2, as function of the velocity and the water depth in the river, they were adjusted for each passage of the studied river. The WQI obtained to the dry period were classified as good , medium and bad , respectively to the passages, nascent up to Santa Bárbara of Tugúrio, from this to Mercês and then to the city of Dove River. In the rainy period, the index was classified as good , medium e bad , to the same passages. The variables that interfered more to the decrease of the QWI value and that damage the classification of the water, according to Resolution # 357/2005 of the CONAMA, were counting of tolerant-fire coliform and turbidity. The obtained values of K1 were from 0,13 to 0,24 d-1 and the values of K2 from 0,40 to 1,90 d-1. The profile of melted oxygen concentration (MO) during the route indicated that, even in the more critical point, the concentration of MO was bigger than the established in the resolution # 357/2005 of the CONAMA, for course of water class 2. In the rainy period, there were carrying of soil and organic waste, increasing the turbidity and the counting of tolerant-fire coliform, worsen the waters quality. The coefficient K1 was low, in all the passages, denoting that the organic material present in these waters is of low biodegradability. The coefficient of reaeration (K2) was bigger in the route of bigger turbulence and environment of mountainous relief, that is, closer to the headboard of the Dove River. / Com o crescimento da população em áreas urbanas urbanas e da exploração agropecuária e industrial na região do Rio Pomba, foram aumentadas as cargas poluidoras nos cursos d'água da região. A contaminação das águas por diversas fontes, tais como efluentes domésticos e industriais e, a carga difusa urbana e agrícola no Rio Pomba, principalmente no trecho em estudo, ou seja, da nascente (Município de Santa Bárbara do Tugúrio), passando por Mercês, até a cidade de Rio Pomba, tem sido alvo de preocupação. Para caracterizar as condições ambientais e a qualidade das águas na região, neste trabalho determinouse o Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA) e quantificou-se os coeficientes de desoxigenação (K1) e de reaeração (K2), nesse trecho do rio. As amostras de água para determinação do IQA foram coletadas a montante dos pontos de esgotamentos sanitários das citadas cidades, sendo este índice calculado utilizando-se o método adaptado pelo Instituto Mineiro de Gestão das Águas (IGAM). As variáveis selecionadas para o cálculo do IQA foram coliformes termotolerantes, pH, variação de temperatura entre o ponto de mistura e um ponto a montante do ponto de mistura, turbidez, sólidos totais, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), nitrato, fosfato e oxigênio dissolvido. As amostras de água para determinação dos valores de K1 e K2 foram coletadas a jusante dos pontos de esgotamentos sanitários das cidades. Os valores de K1 foram obtidos utilizando-se o método de quantificação do consumo de oxigênio em amostras mantidas a 20°C, com posterior ajuste da equação matemática aos dados de DBO exercida em função do tempo. Os valores de K2 foram obtidos substituindo-se os dados (temperatura da água, altitude local, concentração de oxigênio dissolvido no ponto de mistura, DBO5d-20ºC, velocidade da água, valor de K1, distância percorrida e a concentração de oxigênio dissolvido (OD) no final do trecho) na equação de Streeter-Phelps. Equações de estimativa dos valores de K2, como função da velocidade e profundidade de água no rio, foram ajustadas para cada trecho do rio estudado. O IQA obtido para o período seco foi classificado como BOM, MÉDIO e MÉDIO, respectivamente para os trechos, nascente até Santa Bárbara do Tugúrio, desta a Mercês e daí até a cidade de Rio Pomba. Já no período chuvoso, o índice foi classificado como BOM, MÉDIO e RUIM, para os mesmos trechos. As variáveis que mais interferiram para abaixamento do valor do IQA e que prejudicaram a classificação das águas, segundo Resolução Nº 357/2005 do CONAMA, foram contagem de coliformes termotolerantes e turbidez. Os valores obtidos de K1 foram de 0,13 a 0,24 d-1 e os valores de K2 de 0,40 a 1,90 d-1. O perfil de concentração de OD ao longo do percurso indicou que, mesmo no ponto mais crítico, a concentração desse gás foi maior que a estabelecida na Resolução Nº 357/2005 do CONAMA, para cursos d'água classe 2. No período chuvoso, houve carreamento de solo e resíduos orgânicos, aumentando a turbidez e a contagem de coliformes termotolerantes, piorando a qualidade das águas. O coeficiente K1 esteve baixo, em todos os trechos, indicando relativamente, baixa taxa de consumo de oxigênio nessas águas. O coeficiente de reaeração K2 foi maior no trecho de maior turbulência e ambiente de relevo montanhoso, ou seja, mais próximo às cabeceiras do Rio Pomba.

Submitted by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-03-14T16:52:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Gian Pietro Benevento.pdf: 2768332 bytes, checksum: b929626c71f93552c88bfcf779d67928 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-03-14T16:53:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Gian Pietro Benevento.pdf: 2768332 bytes, checksum: b929626c71f93552c88bfcf779d67928 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-14T16:53:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Gian Pietro Benevento.pdf: 2768332 bytes, checksum: b929626c71f93552c88bfcf779d67928 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o diagnóstico ambiental da situação atual da microbacia Hidrográfica do córrego Urubu, como subsídio de enquadramento do corpo hídrico e propor, através de um prognóstico, metas e intervenções a serem aplicadas, identificando os fatores determinantes para mudança do cenário atual. O diagnóstico ambiental da microbacia foi fundamentado no método VERAH, que tem como componentes os aspectos: Vegetação, Erosão, Resíduo, Água e Habitação, oferecendo dados e informações capazes de contribuir na construção de prognóstico com metas e intervenções necessárias à recuperação do corpo hídrico, e melhoria de índices ambientais da microbacia. A microbacia está localizada em uma região que possui situação socioambiental estável, originada quase que totalmente de ocupações planejadas. Os resultados identificaram impactos visíveis na qualidade ambiental: a mata ciliar que protege o córrego encontra-se com espaço respeitado, mas pouco densa em certas regiões do córrego. Foram verificadas ocorrências erosivas ao redor da microbacia, principalmente no trecho 3. Foram identificados vários bolsões de lixo nas margens do córrego e nos terrenos circunvizinhos, além de lançamentos de efluentes domésticos in natura diretamente no corpo hídrico, alterando a qualidade da água superficial e reduzindo a capacidade de suporte deste. Ao analisar os possíveis impactados ambientais resultantes do lançamento de efluentes domésticos da Estação de Tratamento localizada no bairro Recanto dos Pássaros e confrontar as características qualitativas do córrego Urubu com a legislação CONAMA nº 357/2005, identificou-se que a qualidade da água do córrego apresenta-se como péssima de acordo com o IQA. Os resultados dos parâmetros DBO5 e Oxigênio Dissolvido no córrego apresentaram piores índices de qualidade na Jusante quando comparados com a Montante. Com relação ao aspecto Habitação, a microbacia se apresenta com predominância de área residencial e comercial, caracterizada como de alta densidade populacional. Após determinar a capacidade suporte do córrego Urubu e a partir do estudo de autodepuração concluiu-se que corpo hídrico não consegue autodepurar todo efluente lançado devido à concentração elevada de matéria orgânica e a baixa vazão do córrego. Por fim, a partir do diagnóstico da microbacia foi possível elaborar prognósticos indicadores de melhoria da qualidade ambiental da área de estudo e sistematização de cenários futuros propondo a reversão do quadro ambiental atual da microbacia, adotando ações preventivas, adicionando programas que visem ao monitoramento contínuo de forma a promover fiscalização efetiva com poder de polícia administrativa dos órgãos públicos, aliados a programas de educação ambiental para as comunidades. / The aim of this study was the environmental assessment of the current situation of the Hydrographic watershed stream Urubu, as a framework subsidy of the water body and to propose, through a prognosis, goals and interventions to be implemented, identifying the determinants for change the current scenario. The environmental assessment of the watershed was based on the method Verah, whose components aspects: vegetation, erosion, Waste, Water and Housing, providing data and able to contribute information on the prognosis of construction with goals and interventions necessary for the recovery of the water body, and improvement of environmental indices of the watershed. The watershed is located in a region with stable socio-environmental situation, it originated almost entirely of planned occupations. The results identified visible impacts on environmental quality: a riparian forest that protects the stream meets respected space, but sparse in some parts of the stream. Erosive events were observed around the watershed, especially for section 3. various pockets of waste were identified in the stream margins and the surrounding land, and domestic effluent discharges in natura directly into the water body, altering the quality of surface water and reducing the ability to support this. After analyzing the possible domestic effluent discharge resulting from environmental impacted the treatment plant located in the Birds Corner neighborhood and confront the stream Urubu quality characteristics with CONAMA law No 357/2005, it was found that the stream water quality presents themselves as poor according to the IQA. The results of DBO5 and dissolved oxygen in the stream parameters presented worse quality scores in the downstream compared with the amount. Regarding the aspect Housing, a watershed is presented with a predominance of residential and commercial area, characterized as high population density. After determining the stream carrying capacity and from depuration study concluded that water body can not autodepurar all effluent released due to the high concentration of organic matter and low-flow stream. Finally, from the diagnosis of the watershed it was possible to develop prognostic indicators improving the environmental quality of the area of study and systematization of future scenarios proposing a reversal of current environmental framework of the watershed, adopting preventive actions, adding programs aimed at the continuous monitoring to promote effective supervision with administrative police power of government agencies, together with environmental education programs for communities.