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1	Řízení před samosoudcem / Criminal procedure in front of a single judge Burak, Oleg January 2019 (has links) Criminal procedure in front of a single judge Abstract The master thesis focuses on the legislation concerning criminal procedure in front of a single judge and its purpose is not only the description of all aspects of such criminal procedure but also the presentation of disputable questions and their answers. Another objective of the thesis is to identify inappropriate legislation and provide solutions in the form of de lege ferenda thoughts, including the provision of opinions as to future legislation. Based on methods of description, analysis and historical comparison, the master thesis provides a comprehensive view on the single judge, while using commented legislation, academic literature and case law. The first chapter closely describes the historical evolution of the role of the single judge from 1918 (respectively since 1873 as the Austrian-Hungarian legislation had been adapted) until today. The second chapter solves a problematic question whether the single judge can administer justice at a regional court or only at a county court. The following chapters focus on the core of the thesis, which is described in the next three chapters. The third chapter presents the very first actions of the single judge after the prosecution is delivered to him. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the criminal order...
2	Zkrácené přípravné řízení / Fast-track pre-trial proceedings Trojanová, Monika January 2015 (has links) This thesis deals with the institute of summary preliminary proceedings in the context of past and current legislation and also the reasons that led to its introduction into law. The paper also outlines the objectives of summary proceedings and the use of the institute for other criminal laws. In this work there are also defined summary preliminary proceedings within individual forms of pre-trial proceedings. In some cases, the work compares the above mentioned institute of summary preliminary proceedings with foreign legislation. This study also defines the essence of summary preliminary proceedings and acts carried out in it. At the same time the author tries to define the legal conditions for holding summary preliminary proceedings, further the course of summary preliminary proceedings. The paper also describes the course of summary preliminary proceedings, from the record of initiation of criminal proceedings, to notification about suspicion, further deals with the question of proving evidence in summary proceedings. The paper also discusses in detail the specific entities acting in summary preliminary proceedings. In the description of these entities an analysis of their rights and obligations is simultaneously carried out. Furthermore, the paper describes the various ways of ending summary preliminary...
3	Les principes directeurs du procès dans la jurisprudence du Conseil Constitutionnel / The Trial’s guiding principles in the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Council Lestrade, Éric 21 November 2013 (has links) Malgré le peu de fondements écrits consacrés à la justice dans le texte de la Constitution du 4 octobre 1958, le Conseil constitutionnel, en réalisant un travail d’actualisation à partir de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, a permis l’émergence d’un droit constitutionnel processuel, construit autour de principes directeurs. Ceux-ci peuvent être répartis dans trois catégories : deux principales, selon que l’acteur du procès prioritairement concerné soit le juge ou les parties et une troisième, complémentaire, celle des garanties procédurales, permettant de favoriser les qualités essentielles du juge et de contrôler le respect des droits des parties. Une gradation des exigences du Conseil constitutionnel est discrètement perceptible entre les deux premières catégories de principes, plus facilement identifiable entre celles-ci et la dernière famille. Cette échelle décroissante de « densité » des principes directeurs du procès témoigne d’une véritable politique jurisprudentielle en matière de droit constitutionnel processuel, qui met l’accent sur l’accès au juge, doté des qualités indispensables à l’accomplissement de sa mission juridictionnelle. Toutefois, aussi satisfaisante que soit l’action du juge constitutionnel français à l’égard du droit du procès, celle-ci nécessiterait aujourd’hui le relais du constituant, afin de moderniser le statut constitutionnel de la justice. / In spite of a relatively low number of written dispositions dedicated to justice inside of the body of the Constitution of October 1958 4th, the constitutional Council, while updating this text through the Declaration of Human Rights, contributed to the development of a procedural constitutional law, which is structured around guiding principles. Those principles can be classified within three different categories : two major categories depend on the trial actor that is primarily concerned, either the judge or the parties; a third and additional category pertaining to procedural protections, fosters the essential qualities of the judge and secure the protection of the parties’ rights. A gradation of the requirements of the constitutional Council is discreetly perceptible between the first two categories of principles, and more easily identifiable between those first two categories and the last one. This decreasing scale of “density” yoked to the trial guiding principles highlights a genuine judicial policy when it comes to procedural constitutional law, emphasizing access to the judge, whom is given essential qualities in order to achieve its judicial duty. However, the action of the French constitutional judge, as satisfactory as it is towards the rights of the trial, would easily support the intervention of the constituent power in order to update Justice’s constitutional status. Accès au juge Actes de gouvernement Action en justice Appel Autorité de la chose jugée Avocat Cassation Conseil constitutionnel Conseil supérieur de la magistrature Contradictoire Collégialité Délai raisonnable de jugement Déni de justice Double degré de juridiction Droits de la défense Droit au recours juridictionnel effectif Effet dévolutif de l’appel Effet suspensif de l’appel Égalité des armes Égalité devant la justice Garde à vue Impartialité Inamovibilité Injonction pénale Indépendance Instance Instruction Intérêt pour agir Juge unique Juridiction Magistrat Ministère public Motivation Parquet Partie au procès Présomption d’innocence Principes directeurs Procès Publicité des audiences Recours administratif préalable Siège Validations législatives Voies de recours Access to the judge Acts of government Adversarial proceedings Appeal Argumentation Authority Cassation Collegiality Constitutional Council Constitutionnalization of procedural law Criminal injunction Denial of justice Equality before the law Equality of arms Force of res judicata Guiding principles High Council of the Judiciary Impartiality Independence Independent administrative authorities Instruction Interest to act Judge Jurisdiction Lawyer Legal proceedings Legal remedies Legislative validations Party to the proceedings Plea-bargaining Police custody Preliminary administrative appeal Presumption of innocence Prosecutor Public prosecutor Publicity of hearings Rights of the defense Single judge Sitting judge Tenure The devolutive effect of appeal The right to a second hearing The right to effective judicial review The suspensive effect of appeal Trial 340

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