In 1992, the Government of Botswana appointed a National Commission to review the education system and advise how it could promote human resource development to address the country’s socio-economic challenges. The Commission identified the need to diversify the labour market and shift towards occupational groupings based on skills, attitudes and competence. However, fifteen years on, Botswana’s dependence on diamond mining, coupled with immigration from neighbouring countries and a mismatch of skills supply and demand has resulted in a pool of labour exceeding the number of jobs available. Access, opportunity and social inclusion therefore represent major challenges, since large numbers of under and un-utilised people imply a heavy socioeconomic burden. This thesis employed a Problem Based Methodology within the framework of a Project Cycle Management approach to develop a project for an Adult Basic Vocational Education and Training (ABVET) programme as a contribution towards the development of human and social capital in Botswana.

Information System (IS) implementations are a risky business with studies showing only a 16%-29% success rate. This research explores the use of social capital to support technology implementations. This research brings together two distinct bodies of knowledge: social network analysis (SNA) and technology acceptance models, in order to better understand the relationship between social capital and technology acceptance. The first aspect of the research looks at social network centrality and influence measures as an alternative means to measure social influence in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The social influence construct has proven to be inconsistent in past research. An individual‟s decision to adopt a new technology is influenced by their social context or the informal social network within which they work. The social capital of others influences their attitudes and decision to adopt a new technology. Social Capital, as measured through social network analysis, could be substituted for the social influence construct of the UTAUT model. Two revised UTAUT models are developed and tested. The second aspect of this research uses social capital to inform membership of a Community of Practice (CoP) to support a Finance Management System implementation in a higher education organization. SNA can be used to gain an understanding of the social network and identify individuals with high social capital. There is growing evidence that CoP support successful organizational change initiatives but it is less clear how CoP membership might be determined. SNA provides an evidence-based approach to CoP formation. The IS implementation cases described in the paper demonstrate an innovative approach to IS implementation grounded in social capital and technology acceptance research that add to the body of knowledge in both theory and practice.

This PhD study explored the day to day lives of young people living in foster care in the United Kingdom. This study utilises Bourdieu’s (1986) conceptualisation of social capital, which has been described as a useful heuristic as it focuses on practices and processes (Morrow 1999) within networks. One of the original contributions of this thesis is its application of Bourdieu’s theory as an analytical framework to explore young people’s experiences of foster care. The study employed qualitative methods to gather rich, contextualised data. Ten young people, aged between twelve to fourteen years old, participated in the research and each of the participants were interviewed on two occasions. Findings are presented across three chapters and they highlight the ways young people in foster care both preserve and build their access to social capital. Firstly, this includes the ways in which the young people are actively engaged in practices to manage and preserve their relationships and as a result their access to social capital. Secondly, findings show that young people in foster care experience stigma by virtue of having the status of being ‘in- care’, and in order to minimise this, the young people actively managed their spoiled identity (Goffman 1968), which allowed them to maintain access to social capital. Thirdly, the findings show that despite the experience of disrupted networks and multiple placement moves, given the opportunity, the participants demonstrated their ability to persevere in their attempts to start again, which built their access to social capital. This thesis offers a particular utility for the discipline of social work, by providing a way of understanding and theorising how young people continually work, in both prosaic and at times heroic ways, to minimise the disruption to their relationships, networks and their subsequent access to social capital.

No description available.

The practice of parent-initiated school choice in China is characterized by the involvement of substantial amounts of money, various forms of capital, the explicit government policy of banning the practice in words but accommodating it in deeds. This research investigates the school choice situation in three middle schools in Nanning, China. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of the forms of capital and cultural and social reproduction and Brown’s Positional Conflict Theory, this thesis argues that the use of cultural, social and economic capital is widespread in the school choice process. With more capital of various types available, middle class families are at a competitive advantage compared to their working class counterparts in the current struggle to gain a place in a good school. The resources of the former families enable their children to gain more cultural capital through extracurricular enrichment activities, exercise more social capital through existing guanxi1 networks and focus more economic capital with which to pay large sums for choice fees, all of which result in the greater chances of entering a desired school. The change of the school admission policy since the mid-1990s from universal entrance examination for junior middle schools to the present school place assignment by proximity has resulted in an unintentional shift from meritocracy to “parentocracy”2. School choice effectively closes out opportunities for quality education for working class families, because they lack the cultural, social and economic capital that is necessary to “work the system”. As a result, school choice tends to insure the intergenerational transmission of existing social classes and to decrease the possibility of upward mobility for the next generation. 1 A network of contacts which an individual may draw upon to secure resources or advantage in the course of social life (see 4.1.2 for detail). 2 See Brown (1990).

This dissertation addresses the question “how disasters change state-society relations under authoritarian rule?” Specifically, I investigate how space and social capital were created after major earthquakes and the relationships between local governments and civil society organizations (CSOs). Based on four years of interviews conducted with government officials and CSO leaders and two rounds of surveys in 126 villages in rural Sichuan province, utilizing experiments, focus groups, and interviews, I argue that social capital and space for CSOs were created after major earthquakes. Adding to the literature of consultative authoritarianism and graduated control, I demonstrate that within the newly created space, local governments use a deliberate differentiation strategy towards different CSOs. Such differentiation is more driven by the state’s interest to extract productivity and outsource responsibility for public goods provision by regime-supporting CSOs, and less dictated by the state’s need to acquire information from regime-challenging CSOs with collective action potential. Such approach contributes to the authoritarian resilience in China. Despite the interference from the state from above, the newly created space also faces challenges from the private sphere with individual citizens being skeptical of the CSO sector due to limited interactions, mismatch of criteria, institutional constraints, and lack of civility. I then draw from the qualitative data and construct a dynamic framework of state-society relations under an authoritarian state after disasters by starting from co-operational, complementary, competitive, and confrontational relations, and end up in either co-optation or confrontation in the long run. Finally, I trace the development of the newly drafted charity law and the foreign NGO law. I argue that the state-organized legalization process would first allow the state to use the “zone of indifference” to get to know the new developments in the public sphere. Then, through a process of toleration, participation, initiation, replication, and bifurcation, the state manages to extract productivity from, and outsource responsibility to, the regime-supporting players, and drive out the regime challenging ones. The laws, made through this process, is also vulnerable to state intervention at any time, and therefore, prevents China from having a meaningful civil society. / 2020-02-22T00:00:00Z

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-07-10T12:45:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Daniel Baioto_.pdf: 4256796 bytes, checksum: bed6c612cd2553bf4f5bd4740bd1a02e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-10T12:45:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Daniel Baioto_.pdf: 4256796 bytes, checksum: bed6c612cd2553bf4f5bd4740bd1a02e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-19 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / FAPERGS - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Ao pensarmos a contemporaneidade, identificamos um ambiente complexo com múltiplas formas de organização da vida em sociedade, bem como evidências de um processo de transição de paradigmas ainda não compreendidos na sua totalidade. Neste sentido, utilizamos Edgar Morin como referência analítica do contexto de transição. Reconhecemos que no campo da economia, também há necessidade de análises que demonstrem esta complexidade, pois os paradigmas da economia moderna têm demonstrado limites interpretativos e, por consequência, problemas socioeconômicos e ambientais. Esta perspectiva possibilita análises mais complexas e plurais sobre o conceito de economia. Desenvolvemos nossas percepções sobre este campo com base em Karl Polanyi e Amartya Sen, que demonstram formas de economia mais plurais e sustentáveis. Neste campo de análise, identificamos o cooperativismo como uma dimensão mais substantiva de organização socioeconômica de trabalho – um modelo mais adequado às necessidades da economia contemporânea. Na gestão do empreendimento cooperativo, as dimensões social e econômica estão diretamente correlacionadas, por se tratar de um modelo de organização voltado à melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas. Nesta pesquisa, objetivamos investigar a importância da Educação Cooperativa como forma de gerar um capital social específico deste modelo de organização, como indicador de resultado de um modelo de gestão cooperativista. Este indicador estaria relacionado a uma forma de eficiência que incorpora tanto elementos sociais como econômicos na análise de indicadores de resultado. Delimitamos como estudo de caso as experiências de projetos voltadas ao fomento da cultura cooperativista desenvolvidos pela cooperativa de crédito Sicredi Pioneira. A metodologia desenvolvida incorporou um conjunto de procedimentos relacionados a evidenciar a influência da cooperativa no fomento da educação cooperativista e geração de um capital social específico do cooperativismo, e a evidenciar referências de indicadores que demonstram uma eficiência voltada à proposta cooperativista. Neste sentido, trabalhamos com estudo de caso da cooperativa referenciada, entrevistas, diário de campo, análise sócio-histórica e, em profundidade, as ações relacionadas diretamente ao fomento de uma cultura cooperativista na comunidade. Os resultados desta pesquisa demonstraram que o investimento na educação cooperativista representa um indicador importante para evidenciar uma eficiência cooperativista, e que as ações desenvolvidas pela cooperativa em educação cooperativista têm atuado como fonte de um capital social na comunidade onde atua – no caso, a cidade de Nova Petrópolis. Entendemos que a pesquisa apresentada respalda a necessidade de construção de indicadores de resultados na análise de gestão de cooperativas que incorporem o fomento à cultura cooperativista como fator estratégico para a sustentabilidade deste modelo de organização. / When thinking of contemporaneity, we identify a complex environment with multiple forms of organizing life in society, as well as evidence of the transition of paradigms, which have not yet been understood in their totality. In this regard, we use Edgar Morin as analytic reference of the context of transition. In the field of economy, there is demand for analysis which takes in account this complexity, as the paradigms of modern economy have shown interpretative limitations and in consequence socioeconomic and environmental problems. This perspective allows more complex and plural analysis about the concept of economy. We develop out perceptions in this field based on Karl Polanyi and Amartya Sen who show more complex and plural forms of economy. In this field of analysis, we identify cooperativism as a more substantive socioeconomic work organization – a more adequate model for the needs of contemporary economy. In the management of cooperative entrepreneurship, the social and economic dimensions are directly correlated, as the model focuses on the improvement of life quality of people. In this research, we aim to investigate the importance of the social capital, which is specific for this organization model, as performance indicator of a cooperative management model. This indicator would be related to a form of efficiency which incorporates social and economic elements in the performance indicator analysis. The case study is delimited to the experience in projects focused on promoting the cooperative culture by the credit cooperative Sicredi Pioneira. The methodology developed incorporates a bundle of procedures in order to emphasize the impact of the cooperative in the promotion of a cooperativism specific social capital and the indicator references which demonstrate an efficiency focused on the cooperative proposal. In this context, we work with a case study of the cooperative previously mentioned, interviews, field diary, sociohistorical analysis and the actions directly related to the promotion of a cooperative culture in the community. The results of this research show that the cooperative social capital represents an important indicator to emphasize the cooperative efficiency and that the actions taken by the cooperative have served as a source of that social capital in the community of the municipality of Nova Petrópolis. We understand that the present research supports the necessity of developing performance indicators in the analysis of cooperative management which incorporate the promotion of a cooperative culture as a strategic factor for this organization model.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-03-17T11:53:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Edineide Maria de Oliveira.pdf: 2256459 bytes, checksum: 72ab25ab8df88985fe1738ff9618b3f4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-17T11:53:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edineide Maria de Oliveira.pdf: 2256459 bytes, checksum: 72ab25ab8df88985fe1738ff9618b3f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-13 / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / This thesis studied the possible relationship between social and human capital specifically on the graduating students of management, who were employed by the time of the research, but seeking a better qualification for the labor market. The main objective was to verify the possible relationship between social and human capital of those students. For this reason, to assist in this research, the specific objectives consisted in presenting, interpreting and also discussing two human capital indicators (education and experience);as well as the students' responses about social capital; the possible relationship between human capital and social capital of the students. So that, the achievement of the objectives was through quantitative methodology, which was applied a question narrate complement a qualitative methodology was also performed by ten interviews with graduating students of business school. Therefore, the problem of this study was based on checking the composition of the capital, in 2015 and 2016, of employed students and based on this, there was confirmation of the hypothesis, almost entirely, showing that most students have a network of virtual relationships only in the recreational part with attitudes of trust and reciprocity on that. So that it was proved that the student has a network of virtual and personal relationships that allow them to show their human capital. According to the authors Coleman, Putnam, Bourdieu and Schultz, there was proved a relationship between social and human capital of students based on the questions and interviews / Esta tese de doutorado estudou as possíveis relações entre o capital social e o capital humano, especificamente dos alunos concluintes do curso de Administração, empregados no momento da pesquisa que buscam melhor qualificação para o mercado de trabalho. O objetivo geral foi verificar as possíveis relações entre o capital social e o capital humano desses alunos. Os objetivos específicos consistiram em apresentar, interpretar e discutir dois indicadores de capital humano (experiência e educação); as respostas dos alunos acerca do capital social; as possíveis relações entre capital humano e capital social dos estudantes. A concretização dos objetivos se deu por meio da metodologia quantitativa, em que se aplicou um questionário e uma pesquisa exploratória. A metodologia qualitativa foi realizada por meio de dez entrevistas. A problemática deste estudo baseou-se em verificar a composição do capital social, em 2015 e 2016, dos alunos trabalhadores e suas respectivas relações, houve a confirmação das hipóteses, quase na totalidade, em que a maioria dos alunos tem uma rede de relacionamentos virtuais, somente na parte recreativa, e tem atitudes de confiança e reciprocidade. O aluno tem uma rede de relacionamentos virtuais e pessoais que lhe proporciona mostrar o seu capital humano. Conforme os autores Coleman, Putnam, Bourdieu e Schultz, houve relação entre o capital social e o capital humano dos alunos nas questões e entrevistas realizadas

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-12-04T11:18:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaRibeiroDissertacao2018.pdf: 3150410 bytes, checksum: a195b760fbdf3212b3d459a5d747bfb1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-12-04T11:18:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaRibeiroDissertacao2018.pdf: 3150410 bytes, checksum: a195b760fbdf3212b3d459a5d747bfb1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-04T11:18:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaRibeiroDissertacao2018.pdf: 3150410 bytes, checksum: a195b760fbdf3212b3d459a5d747bfb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-21 / This researsh problematizes as possibilities of social capital and empowerment of women who are fragile and in a situation of social vulnerability through workshops of leisure contemplating the physical-sports, manual, artistic, virtual, virtual and tourist contents. It aims to investigate the relationship between social capital and empowerment of participants in the Women Project of the Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology - Campus Ilhéus. Empowerment and social capital intended in the study as actions that promote and impel groups and communities for growth, autonomy and improvement in life through social organization, with the formation of social networks, reciprocity, trust, sense of merit, participation and practical virtues that facilitate coordination and participation for the exercise, the leisure workshops of the women associated with the project. / Este trabalho problematiza as possibilidades de aumento de capital social e de empoderamento de mulheres fragilizadas e em situação de vulnerabilidade social através de oficinas de lazer contemplando os conteúdos físico-esportivo, manual, artístico, intelectual, virtual e turístico. Tem como objetivo investigar a relação existente entre capital social e empoderamento das participantes do Projeto “Mulheres Mil” do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia – Campus Ilhéus. O empoderamento e capital social entendidos nesse estudo como ações que promovam e impulsionem grupos e comunidades para o crescimento, autonomia e melhora progressiva na vida através de organização social, com formação de redes sociais, reciprocidade, confiança, senso de merecimento e pertencimento, competência percebida e comportamentos virtuosos que facilitem a coordenação e cooperação para benefício mútuo, aplicados às oficinas de lazer das mulheres pertencentes ao projeto.

Esta tese refere-se à problemática das transições políticas de regimes militares para democracias articulada com a cultura política. Busca-se, com isso, verificar nos contextos de Brasil e Argentina, as diferenças nas percepções dos cidadãos em termos de confiança nos militares, avaliação da situação dos seus governos, interesse por política, preferência pelo regime democrático, satisfação com a democracia, opinião sobre o voto e capital social, plasmado pela confiança interpessoal e institucional. Estas diferenças poderiam ser provenientes de dois o poder de mobilização que os indivíduos possuem em relação a um grupo. É um eguido individualmente porgentina o processo foi mais abrupto, com um fracasso mais evidente dos militares, que saíram de cena completamente derrotados (O’DONNELL e SCHMITTER, 1988). Busca-se examinar, assim, se uma transição gradual e negociada, como a brasileira, gera vínculos e predisposições mais fracos dos cidadãos em relação à democracia, ou seja, uma menor qualidade democrática de um ponto de vista maximalista (DIAMOND e MORLINO, 2004), além de menores índices de capital social, em contraponto com o caso argentino, em que o apelo democrático tenderia a ser maior pelo fato de a ditadura ter saído de cena com uma imagem mais clara de fracasso político. Para verificar tais impactos na prática, serão utilizados dados do Latinobarómetro de 1995, 2000, 2005 e 2010- eventualmente complementados por dados do World Values Survey de 1990- analisando as diferenças em termos de cultura política e capital social nos dois países, levando em consideração a diferença entre os seus legados. / This thesis refers to the matter of political transition of military regimes to democracy combined with political culture. Thus it aims to verify, both in Brazil and in Argentina, the differences in perception of citizens in terms of trust in militaries, evaluation of their governments' situation, interest in politics, preference for democratic regime, satisfaction with democracy, opinion about vote and social capital, represented by interpersonal and institutional trust. These differences could be derived form two distinct models of transition: while in Brazil the transition happened in a slow, gradual and negotiated way, in Argentina the process was more abrupt, presenting a more evident failure of militaries, who left the scene completely defeated (O'DONNELL and SCHIMITTER, 1988). Therefore, the thesis aims to examinate if a negotiated and gradual transition, like the Brazilian, generates weaker ties and predispositions of citizens in relation to democracy, which means a lower democratic quality from a maximalist point of view (DIAMOND and MORLINO, 2004), in addition to lower levels of social capital, in contrast to the Argentinean case, in which the democratic appeal would tend to be enhanced due to the fact that the dictatorship ended with a clearer image of failure. In order to verify these impacts in practice, data from Latinobarómetro for 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 will be used- complemented by data from the World Values Survey for 1990 when necessary- analyzing the differences in terms of political culture and social capital in the two countries, taking into account the differences between their legacies.