Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:21:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Blaia dAvila.pdf: 19547858 bytes, checksum: b492df89170b5f41c329295c5bc184c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-26 / The research is based on an analysis of the changes that are occurring in trying to adapt the limitations of the planet facing the constant demands of humanity. After an initial analysis of the problems of growth of cities and the exploitation of natural resources, there is a major historical events and documents produced in the environmental area and presentation of a number of changes in the field of architecture and urbanism. There is then an analysis on techniques to improve the environment urban or peri-urban and feel the need to incorporate principles of ecology in planning and city management. The first technical deal with water resources and urban drainage, pointing the principles proposed for sustainable management of rainwater. In addition to these proposals, there is a land of bioengineering and fitorremedia??o, which are techniques for stabilization and recovery of degraded areas, especially in water courses. Shall be analysed then the permaculture, a philosophy that is creating scenarios in human space already offering a number of practices they consider the energy cycle of human actions, aimed at reduction of waste and ecological awareness in food production and actions of everyday life. The permaculture serves as the basis for ecological communities, called "ecovilas", which house thousands of people seeking to live with another form of relationship with nature around the world. The research is finished with considerations of these approaches, relating them and suggesting lines of future study. / A pesquisa baseia-se em uma an?lise sobre as mudan?as que v?m ocorrendo na tentativa de adapta??o das limita??es do planeta frente ?s constantes exig?ncias da humanidade. Ap?s uma an?lise inicial da problem?tica do crescimento das cidades e da explora??o dos Recursos Naturais, ? feita uma retrospectiva hist?rica dos principais eventos ocorridos e documentos elaborados na ?rea ambiental e apresenta??o de algumas mudan?as na ?rea de arquitetura e urbanismo. Apresenta-se, em seguida, uma an?lise sobre t?cnicas que visam melhoria do meio ambiente urbano ou peri-urbano e consideram a necessidade de incorporar princ?pios da ecologia no planejamento e gest?o das cidades. As primeiras t?cnicas tratam dos recursos h?dricos e da drenagem urbana, apontando os princ?pios propostos para um manejo sustent?vel de ?guas pluviais. Como complemento para estas propostas, destaca-se a bioengenharia de solos e a fitorremedia??o, que s?o t?cnicas para recupera??o e estabiliza??o de ?reas degradadas, sobretudo em cursos d??gua. Analisa-se em seguida a permacultura, uma filosofia que vem criando espa?o nos cen?rios humanos j? que prop?em uma s?rie de pr?ticas que consideram o ciclo energ?tico das a??es humanas, visando a redu??o de res?duos e a consci?ncia ecol?gica na produ??o de alimentos e a??es do cotidiano. A permacultura serve de base para comunidades ecol?gicas, chamadas ecovilas , que abrigam milhares de pessoas que procuram viver com outra forma de rela??o com a natureza pelo mundo todo. A pesquisa ? finalizada com considera??es sobre estas abordagens, relacionando-as e sugerindo linhas de estudo futuro.

Es presenta una recerca activista de geografia crítica sobre el capitalisme balear: el poder, el seu procés d’internacionalització, els fluxos de materials del seu metabolisme social i la seva petjada ecològica. En primer lloc, es vinculen l’economia ecològica i la geografia crítica, amb l’estudi de les mesures biofísiques, les lògiques espacials i els processos socials del capitalisme balear. En segon lloc, es pretén situar el turisme en un lloc central en la via d’acumulació capitalista, desxifrar la seva dinàmica sociopolítica, la geografia de la seva globalització neoliberal i els conflictes socials que genera, particularment la seva contribució a la crisi socioecològica global. En tercer lloc, s’ha pretès esbrinar l’evolució geohistòrica del capitalisme balear, amb l’anàlisi de les geometries del poder, una comptabilitat biofísica, les solucions geogràfiques del capital –deslocalitzacions productives i desplaçaments de les extraccions– i els conflictes socials associats. / Se presenta una investigación activista de geografía crítica sobre el capitalismo balear: el poder, su proceso de internacionalización, los flujos de materiales de su metabolismo social y su huella ecológica. En primer lugar, se vinculan la economía ecológica y la geografía crítica, con el estudio de las medidas biofísicas, las lógicas espaciales y los procesos sociales del capitalismo balear. En segundo lugar, se pretende situar el turismo en un lugar central en la vía de acumulación capitalista, descifrar su dinámica sociopolítica, la geografía de su globalización neoliberal y los conflictos sociales que genera, particularmente su contribución a la crisis socioecológica global. En tercer lugar se ha pretendido averiguar la evolución geohistórica del capitalismo balear, con el análisis de las geometrías del poder, una contabilidad biofísica, las sociones geográfics del capital –deslocalizaciones productivas y desplazamientos de las extracciones– y los conflictos sociales a él asociados. / We are submitting a critical geography activist research paper on Balearic capitalism: the power, its internationalization process, the flows of materials of its social metabolism and its ecological footprint. Firstly, ecological economics and critical geography are linked with the study of biophysical measurements, spatial logics and the social processes of Balearic capitalism. Secondly, an attempt is made to situate tourism in a central place in the path of capitalist accumulation, deciphering its socio-political dynamic, the geography of its neoliberal globalization and the social conflicts generated, particularly its contribution to the global socio-economic crisis. Thirdly, we have attempted to discover the geohistorical evolution of Balearic capitalism, by analyzing the geometries of power, biophysical accounting and the geographical solutions of the capital – relocation of production and movement of the extractions – and associated social conflicts.

In this interview, our guest responds to current and controversial issues related to environmental matters and the mining sector. First, the author talks about the variability of numbers for investment in mineral exploration in our country along recent periods. Also, the problem of social unrests, tax issues, permits and licenses, known as «permisología» and their impact on the sector. Similarly, and inevitably, some comment on the widespread use of Contracts Tax Stability and new measures of environmental control, taken by the recently enacted and controversial Law N° 30230 – Law Establishing Tax Measures, Simplification of Procedures and permits for promotion and revitalization of investment in the country, also called «Paquetazo Castilla». Furthermore, about the EIA and the recent creation of SENACE, as part of the Ministry of Environment Agency is analyzed. Finally, our interviewee continues to review the controversial «contribution by regulation» to OEFA and disciplinary proceedings. / En la presente entrevista, nuestro invitado responde a temas vigentes y controvertidos, relativosa materia ambiental y del sector minero. En primer lugar, él habla sobre la cuestión referida a la variabilidad de las cifras de inversión en exploración minera en nuestro país durante los últimos periodos. Asimismo, se analiza el reticente problema de los conflictos sociales, temas tributarios y la conocida «permisología», así como sus correspondientes impactos en el sector. Del mismo modo, e inevitablemente, se comenta sobre la extensión del uso de los Contratos de Estabilidad Tributaria y las nuevas medidas de fiscalización ambiental, adoptadas por la recientemente promulgada y polémica Ley N° 30230 – Ley que establece Medidas Tributarias, Simplificación de Procedimientos y Permisos para la promoción y dinamización de la Inversión en el País, llamada también «Paquetazo Castilla». Siguiendo la misma línea, se analiza lo correspondiente a los EIA y la reciente creación del SENACE, como organismo adscrito al Ministerio de Ambiente. Por último, nuestro entrevistado no deja de opinar sobre el discutido «aporte por regulación» al OEFA y el procedimiento sancionador.

MORAES, Ana Paula da Cruz Pereira de. Entre mobilidades e disputas: o sertão do Rio Piranhas, Capitania da Paraíba do Norte (1670-1750). 2015. 301f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em História Social, Fortaleza (CE), 2015. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-15T11:39:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_apcpmoraes.pdf: 6078475 bytes, checksum: 33db9db18e8a2ab123388f2aa59ee385 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-15T17:09:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_apcpmoraes.pdf: 6078475 bytes, checksum: 33db9db18e8a2ab123388f2aa59ee385 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-15T17:09:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_apcpmoraes.pdf: 6078475 bytes, checksum: 33db9db18e8a2ab123388f2aa59ee385 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / After the expulsion of the Dutch of Portuguese America, the Lusitanian Crown returned to efforts for economic development and occupation of their colony in the New World. The time had come to expand its boundaries westward, turning to the distant hinterlands, investing in wars and raising cattle, as a impeller of the opening of paths and of occupation areas. From the perspective of a Social History of the Hinterland, this research sought to contribute to the debate on the spatial and social formation of the colonial hinterlands, building upon the Hinterland of Rio Piranhas, between 1670 and 1750, located in the Captaincy of North Paraíba. In this context of internalization of the lusos domains, the aforementioned hinterland was involved in a play of power over their spaces articulated by strategic actions of the colonizers, which resulted in the reconfiguration of territories, through the deterritorialization of indigenous nations, which in turn, they did resistance actions of different ways, from direct confrontation, the war against the colonial forces, to the formation of alliances with outsiders. Using documents of the Overseas Historical Archive, land grants registers and cartographic documents, among other sources, sought to launch a historiographic view at the plot of this hinterland, which had become a zone of multiple frontiers, pervaded by the mobile capability of their social agents, which articulated in paths networks and social networks that points a moving hinterland. / Após a expulsão dos neerlandeses da América Portuguesa, a Coroa retomou os esforços pelo desenvolvimento econômico e ocupação da sua colônia no Novo Mundo. Chegara o tempo de expandir seus limites na direção oeste, voltando-se para os sertões ermos, investindo nas guerras e na criação do gado, como um propulsor de abertura de estradas e núcleos de ocupação. Partindo da perspectiva de uma História Social do Sertão, esta pesquisa buscou contribuir com o debate em torno da formação espacial e social dos sertões coloniais, tomando como base o Sertão do Rio Piranhas, entre 1670 e 1750, localizado na Capitania da Paraíba do Norte. Nesse contexto de interiorização dos domínios lusos, o mencionado sertão foi envolvido em um jogo de poder sobre seus espaços, articulado por ações estratégicas dos colonizadores, que culminou na reconfiguração de territórios, por meio da desterritorialização das nações indígenas que, por sua vez, empreenderam ações de resistência de diferentes maneiras, desde o confronto direto, a guerra contra as forças coloniais, até a tessitura de alianças com os forasteiros. Utilizando documentos do Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, cartas de sesmarias e material cartográfico, entre outras fontes, buscou-se lançar um olhar historiográfico sobre a trama desse sertão, que se tornara uma zona de múltiplas fronteiras, perpassadas pela capacidade móvel dos seus atores sociais, que se articulavam em redes de caminhos e redes sociais que apontam um sertão em movimento.

nÃo hà / Esta pesquisa à uma tentativa de compreender o sentido ou as conexÃes de sentido das aÃÃes praticadas pelas pessoas envolvidas diretamente com as atividades criminais em bairros populares. O recorte analÃtico à o que estou denominando Grande Tancredo Neves: um complexo de comunidades pauperizadas circunvizinhas situadas na regiÃo sudeste de Fortaleza, de aproximadamente 40 mil habitantes, que se interconectam e se segregam pelos trÃficos de armas e drogas, mas tambÃm se entremeiam e aproximam-se pelas redes de vizinhanÃa, pelos laÃos afetivos e de parentesco, bem como pelos comÃrcios e serviÃos. Intento tecer uma anÃlise interpretativo-hermenÃutica das relaÃÃes criminais e suas respectivas artes de fazer, ou seja, as prÃticas e agenciamentos operados pelos agentes da criminalidade pobre, procurando entender o praticante de delitos e seu processo de subjetivaÃÃo: os sentimentos de pertenÃa ao territÃrio, a construÃÃo de uma identidade marginal, a âescolhaâ pela âcarreiraâ criminal, as redes de socialidade, os cÃdigos de conduta e comportamento, os rituais de passagem e os momentos liminares da âvida no crimeâ, a alegada âcrueldadeâ, e, por fim, sua agÃncia ambÃgua, duplamente vinculada: de um lado, resistÃncia e antidisciplina à ordem hegemÃnica; por outro, reproduÃÃo de parte dos mecanismos de poder e dominaÃÃo dessa mesma estrutura. Enfim, compreender o agente criminal pauperizado nÃo como uma mÃnada alienada à sua configuraÃÃo sociohistÃrica, mas inserido em um fenÃmeno reticular, em uma complexa e infinita rede interdependente de relaÃÃes, que amiÃde ativa aÃÃes contraditÃrias. Apresento caminhos teÃrico-metodolÃgicos que foram traÃados para a compreensÃo do objeto, bem como tento fazer uma descriÃÃo densa do campo em diÃlogo com uma anÃlise sobre as redes e as maneiras de sociabilidade que se estabelecem entre as pessoas do local. O trabalho foi desenvolvido sob trÃs eixos: i. um mergulho teÃrico-reflexivo em trabalhos anteriores com temÃticas afins; ii. uma anÃlise histÃrico-documental de jornais e revistas, mormente de veÃculos locais; iii. sobretudo por meio de uma imersÃo etnogrÃfica, âde perto e de dentroâ. As tÃcnicas metodolÃgicas empreendidas sÃo a observaÃÃo direta e participante, as entrevistas nÃo sistematizadas â as conversas nas calÃadas, bares, mercadinhos, feiras e praÃas â e entrevistas semiestruturadas, a partir de um roteiro-base. Estas sÃo realizadas principalmente com praticantes de modalidades criminais diversas, como roubo, assalto, trÃfico de drogas e armas, etc., mas tambÃm ocorrem com pessoas que nÃo encampam atividades ilÃcitas â e que formam a maioria dos moradores e moradoras do local. / This research is an attempt to understand the sense of actions practiced by people involved with criminal activities at popular neighborhoods. The focus analytical and the field search is on the Grande Tancredo Neves, a roughly 40 thousand inhabitantâs complex of slums that interconnect and segregate themselves by drugs and guns trafficking, but also join themselves and approach by neighborhoods networks, affective and kinship relations, as well as by trading and services. I aim make an hermeneutics analysis of criminal relations and theirs manners to do the crime operated by poor âcriminalsâ, seeking understand theirs subjective processes: the territorialâs feelings, the construction of a marginal identity, the âchoiceâ by criminal âcareerâ, the sociability networks, the behaviorâs codes, the rituals and liminal moments of âthug lifeâ, the famous âcrueltyâ, and, at last, theirs ambiguous actions: in one sense, resistance and antidiscipline against hegemonic order; by other side, reproduction of some power and domination mechanisms of this structure. At all, I want to understand the poor criminal agent not as isolated of your social and historic configuration, but inserted in a netlike phenomenon, therefore, in an infinite and complex interdependent network of relations, that often activate contradictory actions. I bring some theoretical-methodological paths that I am following to arrive at the object, as well as attempt to make a dense description of the Grande Tancredo Neves, in addition to analyze the sociability manners and networks of local people. This investigation is developed under three battlefronts: i. a theoretical-reflexive diving in previous writings with similar themes; ii. an historical-documental analysis of newspapers and magazines, mainly of local press; iii. above all through an ethnography immersion, âup close and from insideâ. The methodological techniques performed are direct and participant observation, non-systematized interviews â chats at sidewalks, bars, corner stores, street markets, public squares etc. â and semi-structured interviews, from a script previously elaborated. These ones are made mainly with criminal agents of diverse modalities, as robbery, assault, drugs and guns trafficking etc., but also occur with people non-involved with criminal activities â by the way, these persons constitute the absolute majority of local inhabitants.

Biblical scholars have grown increasingly aware of the importance of looking at texts not only in their historical or literary contexts, but also in their socio-cultural contexts. Many studies have shown that honour and shame were core social values in the ancient Mediterranean world. By scrutinizing the available research on the topic of honour and shame, one realizes that there were indeed four major social values in the Mediterranean world, that is i) honour and shame, ii) patronage and reciprocity, iii) kinship and iv) purity. Modern biblical scholars would often appeal to the works of the classical authors in order to show how important these values were in the ancient world. Unfortunately claims that are being made in modern studies concerning honour and shame are usually based on the biblical and classical writings. These scholars seldom consult patristic writings. In this study it is argued that the ancient Church Fathers were indeed aware of these social values. The four social values mentioned above are taken as a basis to unlock the social context of Clement of Alexandria’s Paedagogue. It illustrates the importance of understanding the core social values of the Mediterranean society in order to interpret the theology of the early Church Fathers. / Thesis (DLitt (Greek))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Ancient Languages / unrestricted

L’objet de la recherche consiste à mettre en évidence que la prise en compte des violences émeutières requiert une évolution de l’environnement juridique et des méthodes de maintien de la paix publique hérités de notre histoire. Notre dispositif de gestion de l’ordre public est particulièrement adapté au modèle français de manifestation. C’est considérable et exemplaire à beaucoup d’égards mais cela ne peut clore le débat sur les formes de la réaction sociale nécessaires pour répondre aux différentes formes du répertoire de la protestation en particulier à la dynamique complexe des désordres émeutiers.Alors que la manifestation, son encadrement par les forces de sécurité intérieure et son environnement juridique ressortissent à la culture de l’organisation et de l’ordre, les violences émeutières relèvent, quant à elles, de comportements colériques naturels. Elles constituent un objet et un enjeu différents que traduisent notamment la récurrence des crises en milieu urbain et la difficulté d’y faire face de façon satisfaisante.Sur le plan opérationnel comme sur le plan juridique, l’éventail de la réponse aux désordres est particulièrement large, mais il traduit également un double embarras :• Les violences émeutières sont le plus souvent des violences d’expression. Qu’ils en soient conscients ou non, face à ces comportements, le juge et le politique se sont montrés fréquemment indulgents dans un contexte juridique où la liberté d’expression est un droit fondamental et la manifestation une conquête sans équivalent dans notre pays. Les réponses sociale et judiciaire se caractérisent donc par une mansuétude parfois légitime, parfois inadaptée mais souvent mal comprise.• Les modes d’action policiers et les outils du Droit façonnés par l’environnement juridique et la culture de la manifestation, peuvent se révéler inadaptés pour répondre aux émeutes urbaines et conduire à des évolutions aussi variées qu’inappropriées comme la banalisation du recours à des régimes juridiques d’exception et la sédimentation d’une culture d’affrontement entre police et population.Le concept retentissement / identification et l’analyse des colères rebelles et insoumises ouvrent la voie à une adaptation du droit et de la réponse sociale conciliant le respect des droits fondamentaux et le maintien de la paix publique dans l’espace urbain. Tel est l’enjeu de la dialectique « Libertés - Droit - désordres ». / The object of the research is to highlight that rioting violence cannot be dealt with without an evolution of the legal framework and public-order policing inherited from our History. Our way to manage public-order policing is particularly suitable to our French traditional demonstration pattern. It is significant and exemplary in many respects but that alone cannot close the debate about the forms of social reaction that would be necessary to answer the various forms of the repertoire of protest especially the complex dynamics of rioting disorders.Even though the demonstration, its framing by the police and its legal framework are both an order issue and a cultural issue, rioting acts of violence are a natural irascible behaviour of the human nature. Riots are an object and an issue which translate into in recurring urban crises and the difficulty to satisfactorily deal with them.From an operational point of view and from a judicial one, there is a wide range of answers to the disorders but this results in a double embarrassment:• Riots are very often a means of expression. Consciously or not, the judge and the policy-maker have frequently been indulgent with these behaviours in a legal context in which freedom of expression is a fundamental human right and demonstrating a conquest without equivalent in our country. Social and judicial answers are characterized by indulgence, sometimes legitimate, sometimes inadequate and often ill-understood.• Policing and the tools of the law that were shaped by the legal framework and the culture of demonstration can prove to be inadequate to cope with urban riots and they can result in various as well as inappropriate answers like the trivialization of emergency legal schemes and the sedimentation of a culture of clash between people and the police.The repercussion and identification concept and the analysis of the rebel and unsubdued bouts of anger pave the way to an adaptation of the law and the social response aiming at balancing both the expression of the basic rights and the preservation of public peace in urban areas. This is what is at stake with the dialectics « Liberties – Law – Disorder ».