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No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação - Naurinete Fernandes Inácio Reis - 2013.pdf: 3302404 bytes, checksum: 45f9f97edea25511b38bba0ccf4a3800 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The Araguaia region, historically characterized by social and land conflicts, is today marked by the memory of the Guerrilla (1972-1975), since the changes occurring on the Araguaia lands as a result of this movement have wrought the need for organization of peasant movements who seek knowledge and recognition of historical experiences. The peasants of Araguaia, involved in a gunfight between The Communist Party of Brazil (PC do B) militants, who allegedly fought against the military dictatorship in the country and for the construction of a popular revolutionary government, and the military, who were supported by the ideological discourse of national defense and the ensuring of law and order, had their daily lives changed. In this sense, the present work has as its theme the social memory of the Araguaia Guerrilla, triggered at the boundaries of the regions of south and southeast of Pará, north of Tocantins (at the time, state of Goiás) and west of Maranhão and analyzes, through social memory, the perception of those involved, especially the peasants, on the Araguaia guerrilla and on the intervention of the same in peasant life. In this perspective, this study is aimed at understanding the fundamental elements of peasants‘ social memory on the Guerrilla as well as answering the following questions: What is the perception that the peasants had/have about the Guerrilla, about the armed forces in confrontation and their strategic political projects for the region and for the people? What motivations led the peasants to "contribute" to the Guerrilla or to fight against it? And how the memory of the Guerrilla works in peasants‘ everyday life? The methodological procedures used in this study consisted, besides the literature and documents, mainly on interviews with those who lived in the context of the Guerrilla. As a theoretical frame work we consider the assumption that the memory is socially constructed as a result of historical and social processes, being thus an active, selective, reflective and continuously constructed process. We were supported by the contributions of authors like Maurice Halbwachs, Frederic Charles Bartlett, Michael Pollak, Jacques Le Goff, Fernando Rosas and NildoViana, among others. Assuming that social memory should be analyzed taking into consideration its relationship with the historical and social conditions in which it is produced, the social memory was critically analyzed, which enabled us to confirm the hypothesis that the construction of memory on the Araguaia Guerrilla undergoes a process of dispute and conflict involving several forces and agents, and therefore that the perception of peasants on the Guerrilla is constructed from social determinations, as well as individual values and socially constituted feelings. Thus, it is configured as a space of contestation, resistance, meaning construction and class struggle. / A região do Araguaia, historicamente caracterizado pelos conflitos sociais e fundiários, é hoje marcada pela memória da Guerrilha (1972 a 1975), pois as transformações ocorridas nas terras do Araguaia em decorrência desse movimento têm forjado a necessidade de organização de movimentos camponeses visando o conhecimento e reconhecimento de experiências históricas. Os camponeses do Araguaia, envolvidos numa luta armada entre militantes do PC do B, que supostamente lutavam contra a ditadura militar no país e pela construção de um governo popular e revolucionário, e as Forças Armadas, respaldadas no discurso ideológico da defesa nacional e da garantia da lei e da ordem, tiveram seu cotidiano alterado. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como tema a memória social da Guerrilha do Araguaia, deflagrada nos limites territoriais das regiões do sul e sudeste do Pará, norte do estado do Tocantins (à época, estado de Goiás) e oeste do Maranhão e analisa, através da memória social, a percepção dos envolvidos, notadamente dos camponeses, sobre a guerrilha do Araguaia, sobre a intervenção da mesma na vida camponesa. Nesta perspectiva, este estudo é direcionado para a compreensão dos elementos fundamentais da memória social camponesa da Guerrilha, bem como das seguintes questões: Qual a percepção que os camponeses tinham/têm da Guerrilha, das forças armadas em confronto, bem como dos respectivos projetos políticos estratégicos para a região e para a população? Quais motivações levaram os camponeses a ―contribuir‖ com a Guerrilha ou com o combate à mesma? E, de que forma a memória da Guerrilha atua no cotidiano dos camponeses hoje? Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados nesse estudo consistiram, além da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, principalmente, na realização de entrevistas com os que viveram e conviveram no contexto da Guerrilha. Como referencial teórico, parte-se do pressuposto de que a memória é construída socialmente, como resultados de processos históricos e sociais, consequentemente um processo ativo, seletivo, reflexivo e em contínua construção. Lançamos mão das contribuições de alguns autores, dentre o quais: Maurice Halbwachs, Frederic Charles Bartlett, Michael Pollak, Jacques Le Goff, Fernando Rosas, Nildo Viana, entre outros. Partindo do pressuposto de que a memória social deve ser analisada levando-se em consideração sua relação com as condições históricas e sociais na qual é produzida, a memória social foi analisada criticamente, o que nos possibilitou confirmar a hipótese de que a construção da memória sobre a Guerrilha do Araguaia passa por um processo de disputa e conflitos envolvendo diversas forças e agentes e, por conseguinte, a percepção camponesa da Guerrilha é construída a partir de determinações sociais, bem como de valores e sentimentos individuais constituídos socialmente. Dessa forma, a mesma se configura como espaço de contestação, de resistência, de construção de significados e de luta de classes.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O trabalho se propÃe a analisar os hinos da doutrina do Santo Daime. A hipÃtese central à que eles sÃo, ao mesmo tempo, o conhecimento em si e o veÃculo de transmissÃo desse conhecimento. SÃo analisados hinos que acompanham a evoluÃÃo do Santo Daime destacando trÃs momentos de sua histÃria: a fundaÃÃo por Raimundo Irineu Serra, na dÃcada de 30 do sÃculo passado; a consolidaÃÃo por SebastiÃo Mota de Melo, a partir de 1971, e a expansÃo levada à frente por Alfredo GregÃrio de Melo atualmente. A partir dos conceitos de memÃria social e performance, analiso os diversos tipos de rituais que constituem o corpus da religiÃo em questÃo e destaco a relaÃÃo entre ensino e aprendizagem a partir dos hinos, do transe e da performance. / The work analyzes the hymns of the doctrine of the Saint Daime. The central hypothesis is that they are at the same time the knowledge in itself and the vehicle of transmission of this knowledge. This text tries to understand though the hymns the evolution of the Saint Daime detaching three moments of its history: the foundation for Raymond Irineu Serra, in the decade of 30 of the last century; the consolidation for SebastiÃo Mota de Melo, from 1971 and the currently expansion taken to the front for Alfredo Gregorio de Melo. With the concepts of social memory and performance the text analyzes the diverse types of rituals that constitute the corpus of the religion in question and it detaches the relation between education and learning with the hymns, and trance and the performance.

As tradições urbanas têm participação antiga no município de Osasco/SP. Sabe-se que a geomorfologia local, marcada pela dinâmica das planícies aluviais, limitou a exploração agrícola das terras, assim como desfavoreceu os processos de ocupação. Sua proximidade com a cidade de São Paulo também promoveu formas de uso do solo profundamente vinculadas às necessidades da capital, de modo que a região se configurou muito mais como uma área periférica à expansão urbana paulistana do que como uma extensão rural dela, assumindo claras funções industriais e suburbanas. O cotidiano local, entretanto, ainda hoje abriga traços de uma cultura rural que não podem ser ignorados, mesmo que as estatísticas oficiais não tenham confirmado a presença de expressivas atividades agrícolas no seu passado. Em linhas gerais, esta pesquisa (financiada pela CNPq) se propôs a investigar a origem desta suposta ruralidade ainda atuante no município, apesar da sua intensa urbanização. A questão da identidade cultural revelou enorme complexidade nessa área: a ampliação do parque industrial na década de 1940 transformou o então subdistrito paulistano num grande pólo de atração populacional, de forma que inúmeros migrantes vivenciaram a transição de uma realidade rural e agrícola para um cotidiano urbano e industrial. Obstante a ampla diversidade cultural que passou a interagir naquele espaço, as identidades rurais e urbanas permaneceram como importantes referenciais para a cultura local, não sendo interpretadas como dualidade de oposição, mas como aspectos complementares daquele cotidiano. Como resultados desta pesquisa compreendemos que: a) os traços culturais verificados no território osasquense poderiam ser considerados rurais na medida em que foram vivenciados pelos migrantes em suas terras de origem e posteriormente reproduzidos no município de destino; b) a persistência de alguns caracteres deve-se à iniciativa de vetores intelectuais que resgataram tradições dentro de uma perspectiva essencialmente cultural, mas que foram assumidas pelos moradores locais como manifestações legítimas de cultura e religiosidade; c) o termo rusticidade utilizado por Antônio Cândido refinou a análise na medida em que desassociou a concepção de cultura rural da ideia de localização rural, ou seja, reafirmava a possibilidade de sua reprodução em contextos de intensa urbanização, tal como verificamos no município. Neste sentido, o fato de não ter existido um passado agrícola expressivo na região não desqualificava a persistência destes elementos da cultura rústica ainda atuantes no cotidiano do município / Urban traditions have old participation in Osasco/SP. It is known that local geomorphology, marked by dynamics of floodplains, limited agricultural farm land, as well as disadvantaged the processes of occupancy. Its proximity to city of São Paulo also promoted using soil deeply linked to needs of capital, so that region is configured much like a peripheral area of São Paulo\'s urban sprawl than an extension of it, assuming clear industrial and suburban duties. However the local daily life still shelter traces of a rural culture that cannot be ignored, even though official statistics have not confirmed significant agricultural activities in its past. In general, this research (funded by CNPq) set out to investigate the source of this supposed rurality still active in county, despite its intense urbanization. The question of cultural identity revealed enormous complexity in this area: industrial expansion in 1940s transformed the old subdistrict of São Paulo into a large center of population attraction, because of this, many migrants experienced the transition from a rural and agricultural reality to an urban and industrial daily life. Despite the wide cultural diversity that starts interacting in that space, rural and urban identities remained as important references to local culture, not being understood as duality of opposition but as complementary aspects of that daily. As a result of this research, we realized that: a) cultural traits recorded in osasquense territory could be considered rural as they were experienced by migrants in their lands of origin and later reproduced in city of destination; b) persistence of some characters is due to initiatives of intellectual vectors which rescued some traditions within an essentially cultural perspective, but they were assumed by local residents as legitimate expressions of culture and religiosity; c) term rusticity used by Antônio Cândido refined our analysis insofar as unlinked the conception of rural culture from the idea of rural location, in other words, reaffirmed the possibility of its reproduction in contexts of intense urbanization, such as we find in city. In this sense, the fact of there was not a significant agricultural past in the region, does not disqualified the persistence of these elements of rustic culture still actives in city daily life

The study of Melkisedeq has been highly fragmentary among modern scholars, proving to be difficult to discuss over the long Second Temple Period. This study will focus on the social memory of Melkisedeq to understand the evolution of the tradition surrounding his character among sectarian groups in the Second Temple Period. Through an analysis of the components from the Hebrew Bible that compromise the social memory of Melkisedeq a deeper understanding of how his memory is used by later groups can be made. The redaction and expansion of his character changes greatly over time. The study of social memory allows scholars to understand how different memories form within a collective group, thus exploring the societal and ideological elements of disparate groups that form the over-arching memory of Melkisedeq. In order to properly identify these memories, redactional, historical, and textual criticisms will be employed to analyze the texts of Melkisedeq, answering such questions as: Who is Melkisedeq? What is the relationship between Melkisedeq and the king of Sodom? What is a priest-king? Did Abram tithe to Melkisedeq? This study will address the Near Eastern context of Melkisedeq in Genesis 14, in order to examine which features of his social memory are accentuated or excluded in Second Temple literature.

This dissertation addresses one of the reasons for the lack of confidence in public health in Southern Africa. It examines the impact of intrusive colonial public health measures and colonial attempts to suppress indigenous healing practices in the Manica region. The dissertation asks whether invasive colonial public health interventions had unintended consequences, such as the continued existence of traditional medicine and the reluctance to accept biomedical arguments on the epidemiology of infectious and communicable diseases. While these intrusive colonial public health measures were constant and pervasive, they were not always effective, partly due to the border that colonialism created. The epidemiology of the Manica region is fundamentally affected by cross-border movements, which not only spread infections, but altered disease ecologies, complicating disease control efforts. Colonial efforts to monitor movements led to the disruption of life and caused much hardship to villagers and townsfolk. Reflecting the dynamism of African societies, this dissertation argues that while Africans tended to dislike intrusive and discriminatory preventative public health policies, they were willing to experiment with new ideas, particularly treatment services. They were discouraged, however, by the failure of colonial governments to provide adequate treatment-based services for Africans, proving that the provision of health services for Africans was driven by European settler fears of infection and economic imperatives rather than the concern for Africans. However, most of these settler fears stemmed from misunderstandings of epidemiology, and were often grossly exaggerated and racist. Regardless of whether these theories were accurate or not, they still caused hardship. Although this project looks at the history of public health before the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Southern Africa, the legacy of colonial public health policies affects how people in Southern Africa comprehend this disease. Through the use of archival materials and oral histories, this dissertation concludes that the current reluctance to embrace biomedicine is connected to social memory and perceptions of the state, and its legitimacy. Had resentment of colonial public health not played a role, biomedicine would have been more readily integrated as an additional option into a repertoire of alternative therapies in Southern Africa.

This dissertation examines the representation of social memory in British historical fiction from 1810 to 1880. I argue that social memory is crucial to the analysis of historical fiction during this period because it affords us an opportunity to see how authors in the nineteenth century viewed the social dimensions of memory as constructed by communities that envision their pasts in relation to prevailing ideologies and dominant authorities. Specifically, literary representations of social memory are important in understanding how communities come together to achieve common goals or resist dominant authorities through their sense of a common past in one of the most popular genres of nineteenth-century literature, the historical novel. The significance of social memory for the study of nineteenth-century British historical novels centers in the fact that it reveals the processes by which kinship or kindred groups and other social groups can be formed and by which historical consciousness is developed and communicated among those groups within the novel and to the reader. Social memory is defined here as a shared vision of the past, its narratives, and its symbols that embodies the cultural and communal influences on an individual's and broader groups contemporary identity. Social memory can represent a positive, unifying force in an individual's lift and a community's day-to-day lived experiences, a force that can be used to achieve common purposes or resist common foes. The activation of social memory, though, offers a paradox: on the one hand, individuals are united by a powerful sense of togetherness as understood by their relationship to the past and its significance to their present, lived experience; yet, on the other hand, individuals may resist this totalizing or homogenizing sense of the past when it threatens the uniqueness of individual subjectivity, specific characteristics of group culture, or forecloses on the possibilities of social action by those on the margins. This dissertation looks at how social memory is represented in non-canonical and canonical historical novels by Sir Walter Scott, Anthony Trollope, Charles Dickens, Elizabeth Gaskell, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, George Eliot, and Philip Meadows Taylor.

”The myth of Palme- a textual analysis of the documentary Palme and its description of the social memory of Olof Palme as a norm or anomaly” by Emma Svanström aims to analyze how the directors of the documentary Palme choose to present Olof Palme to the future generations. Also the goal is to find out if their version presents Palme as a person who followed the norms or was divergent. To this purpose the thesis use textual analysis combined with a quantitative method in search of which persons the directors give the right to form the myth of Palme and which keywords they use to do describe him. To view the film as a social memory in the transformation to a myth the thesis use Jan Assmans theory of social memory and to find out if the documentary describes Palme as following the norms or divergent it uses Mary Douglas theory of anomaly. The results show that it is mainly the narrator and Olof Palme that gets to form the myth of him but also his family, friends, fellow employees and other persons that met him or was affected by his actions. Palme is discribed as special, intelligent, interested in social politics and able to act as he saw fit even if it was against the norms. He is above all described as a complex person with many and sometimes contradicting sides. Some of these actions and characteristics’ are viewed as following the norms while others are shown as anomalies.

This thesis on one of the most significant productions of the Early Republican Period, reveals the values of the urban park / namely Gen&ccedil / lik Parki, and analyzes its disintegration process with changing decades and conditions. There are several discourses, which are practiced in Gen&ccedil / lik Parki, are found valuable / therefore, it is considered to be preserved. These discourses may be considered as / Gen&ccedil / lik Parki consists the values of the Republican Period, it is the urban space for the cultural formation of the society, it is the historical stage for the social and historic events in Ankara, it is one of the green zones within the growing city. On the other hand, the architectural, namely the objective values of the park are not considered within these discourses. In this sense, the main concern of the thesis will be to read the drastic change in the treatment of the values of Gen&ccedil / lik Parki after its foundation through successive decades of different administration and usage to the current situation. The values pertaining to the modern monument will be envisaged in the terminology of Alois Riegl, who has put forth his views in the late 19th century. In other words, our concern is to examine the urban artifact which is one of the most significant productions of the Republican Period, and to explore the values, and analyze its disintegration process with changing decades and conditions. Moreover, this thesis searches an answer to the question, Do we really know Gen&ccedil / lik Parki?

This research has identified elements of the social memory of librarianship from the last half of the twentieth century by collecting and examining thirty-four oral history interviews of librarians at the end of their careers. These professional life stories trace an important arc through the history of library and information science. Many of these librarians began their careers prior to the use of any form of computer technology in libraries. This cohort ushered in a wave of technological innovations that has revolutionized the access to information. These oral history interviews are part of the Capturing Our Stories Oral History Program of Retiring/Retired Librarians sponsored by the American Library Association and the School of Information at the University of Texas. The social memory includes regret and nostalgia for the librarianship practiced at the beginning of their careers, excitement and wonder about how technology has fundamentally changed the profession, and perspectives on the popular stereotype associated with their careers. / text

In the democratic process, of discussion and decision making, there is a need of reliable and authentic information. Archives are authentic and reliable information and also provides long term accessibility. But the public archives potential isn´t utilized enough at a societal level. The public archives are organized in a decentralised manner, and there are no common accesspoint at a national level. In the thesis this issue of accessibility and use at a societal level, is discussed in terms of collective memory. In a digital environment, these organizational limits could probably be overcome, but there is a need for new goals, perspectives and frameworks for the management of public archives. In an e-government context, interoperability is often mentioned in the discussion of accessibility. Interoperability could be understood as the ability of diverse organizations to interact together towards common goals, and include technological, semantic, organizational, legal and political aspects. The hypothesis like assumption of the thesis is that interoperability could contribute to making the archives a more significant part of the collective memory.The thesis uses a case study methodology, and a critical discourse textual analyses. Records Continuum Model and archival perspective about collective memory, particularly Jimersons distinction of collective memory from other types of memory, is used as a theoretical frame for the analyses. The case is the project e-archives and e-diarium, which is a Swedish E-delegation project, driven by the National Archives. Central documents from the project is analysed, as is important documents for the work on e-government for the contextual understanding.The results indicate that interoperability may contribute to making the archives a more significant part of the collective memory, practically and discursively. Practically, it provides conditions to share information and remove barriers for interaction. Discursively, it contributes to an overall perspective of public administration, and switch the view from each single organization to the citizens and the society as a whole where the information is seen as a common societal resource. Interoperability is also an important factor in the development of a common information architecture for the whole of the public administration. This change in perspective could make the archives, when included in the e-government, change perspective from the archives creators to the end users and society at large, and give more effort in making the archives accessible in the collective dimension.