Empathy development programmes (EDP) are currently implemented in several New Zealand primary schools. Research has indicated a variety of potentially beneficial outcomes to these programmes yet a gap in literature is evident in New Zealand regarding the social acceptability of school-based EDP’s. As social acceptability of any programme influences its efficacy and sustainability, this gap in literature indicates an apparent oversight for the successful implementation of these programmes. To address this gap in literature, 68 students training for a teaching career rated the acceptability of a scenario which outlined a hypothetical EDP implemented in a hypothetical class. Results of this study indicated that students found the notion of implementing an EDP in primary schools highly acceptable. Using the same hypothetical EDP, 33 parents of primary school-aged children rated the acceptability of two different scenarios outlining implementation in two age-specified hypothetical classes. Results of this study indicated that parents found the notion of implementing an EDP in both age-specified classes highly acceptable, although implementation in the younger class was found to be more acceptable than in the older class. As suggested by the results of both studies, the degree of acceptability was related to participant perceptions of the programme’s goals, procedures and potential outcomes, therefore implying that these meet the social needs of the public.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1283414 bytes, checksum: f72bab77f56f7c862a3a8941ce4e81c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Potable water scarcity is an ancient problem ant it is being accentuated nowadays, mainly because of human population increase and the pollution of water resources. This situation has led the human beings to look for other water sources. The catchment of rainwater in residences appears to be an option of good perspectives, since it substitutes the use of potable for rain water where the first is not required. In the rain water catchment process, impermeable areas, such as the roof, are utilized. The rainwater is collected by drips and conducted through pipes to an underground reservoir where it can be stored. This water is general used for non potable usages, such as in toilet, showers, sink, wash-house and also for car wash and garden watering. This work deals with to study of the technical, economical and social viability of rainwater catchment in residences in the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, in northeast Brazil.The catchment system comprised the roof, drips, pipes, sand filter, chlorination, lower reservoir and upper reservoir. The water treatment stage along with the good quality of rainwater allows it to be used for all domestic demands, except the potable one. Therefore, in this work, only the kitchen demand was considered for the potable water and all the other demands for non potable water. Three socio-economical residence standards were considered: a popular, a medium and a high one. Potable and non potable usages were assumes based on literature review and were considered 84,62, 87,65 and 89,63% for the non potable usage in the popular, medium and high socio-economical residence standards, respectively. The net present value (NPV) and the benefit/cost ratio were calculated for a twenty-year period for a residential rainwater system. The pay-back period was also calculated. These economical indicators were calculated for several lower reservoir capacities, varying from a ten-day equivalent capacity to a maximum of that calculated by the Rippl method. For the present water tax scenario the rainwater catchment showed to be an unviable alternative for the popular and medium socio-economical standards. For the high socio-economical standard the alternative showed to be economically viable, with NPV varying from R$ 1278,17 a R$ 2254,00, benefit/cost ration varying from 1,29 to 1,47 and payback period varying from 8,17 to 10,36 years. Furthermore, for future expected scenarios of water taxes, the rainwater cathment in residences showed to be an economical viable alternative, with NPV of up to R$ 32386,11for the high socio-economical residence standard and water tax equivalent to four times the current one. In order to discovery the population acceptability, 800 interviews were applied. Results showed that 66,1% of João Pessoa population have the knowledge of rainwater usage in residences, of which, 54,37% make use of it. Including the people who would use rainwater in residence if they knew the alternative, the potential use of this water would increase almost two thirds of the city population. / O problema da disponibilidade da água potável é antigo e vem se agravando com o passar do tempo, devido especialmente ao aumento da população e da poluição dos mananciais. Isto leva a procurar novas formas de aproveitamento da água. O aproveitamento de água pluvial surge como uma ação de boas perspectivas, pois substitui o uso de água potável onde a qualidade desta não é necessária. No processo de coleta de água de chuva, são utilizadas áreas impermeáveis, normalmente o telhado. A água de chuva coletada através de calhas, condutores verticais e horizontais é armazenada em reservatório, geralmente enterrado. A água armazenada deverá ser utilizada somente para consumo não potável, como em bacias sanitárias, chuveiros, lavatórios, lavagem de roupas e veículos e em torneiras de jardim. Este trabalho trata do estudo da viabilidade técnica e econômica da utilização de um sistema de coleta e aproveitamento da água de chuva, e da avaliação da opinião da população de João Pessoa PB sobre a implantação desse sistema para residências desta cidade. O sistema de capitação e armazenamento de águas pluviais foi concebido contendo o telhado, calhas, condutos verticais e horizontais, filtro de areia, cloração, reservatório inferior e reservatório superior. A etapa de tratamento (filtração e cloração) juntamente com uma boa qualidade inerente às águas pluviais, a torna passível de todos os usos numa residência, exceto o potável. Dessa forma, apenas a pia de cozinha (preparo de alimentos, lavagem de pratos, ingestão) ficou utilizando água potável fornecida pela concessionária. Foram considerados três tipos padrão de residências com níveis sócio-econômicos distintos: um popular, um médio e um terceiro de padrão alto. A distribuição de usos potáveis e dos não potáveis foi pesquisada na bibliografia e foi definida como sendo 84,62% de demanda por água não-potável (água pluvial) para a residência de padrão popular, 87,65% para o padrão médio e 89,63% para o padrão alto. Foram calculados os indicadores econômicos valor presente líquido (VPL) e razão benefício/custo, ambos para uma vida útil do sistema de 20 anos, além do período de retorno, para alguns valores possíveis de a capacidade do reservatório de acumulação, variando desde o máximo possível calculado pelo método de Rippl, até a um mínimo equivalente a dez dias de consumo da residência. Para o atual cenário de tarifas, o aproveitamento de águas pluviais no âmbito predial é alternativa economicamente inviável para os padrões popular e médio de residências. Para o padrão alto, em virtude do valor mais elevado de tarifa e de quantidade maiores de águas pluviais utilizadas, a alternativa é economicamente viável, com VPL variando de R$ 1.278,17 a R$ 2.254,00, razão benefício/custo variando de 1,29 a 1,47 e período de retorno variando de 8,17 a 10,36 anos. Por outro lado, para cenários futuros de valor de tarifa, o aproveitamento de águas pluviais em residências é alternativa economicamente viável, com VPL de até cerca de R$ 32.386,11 para o padrão alto de residência e valor de tarifa de água equivalente ao quádruplo do atual. Para se obter a opinião da população foram realizadas 800 entrevistas. Os resultados mostram que 66,1% da população tem conhecimento sobre a utilização da água de chuva, dos quais 54,37% a utilizam. Incluindo o percentual de entrevistados que utilizariam águas pluviais em residências caso tivessem conhecimento da opção, a parcela de utilização aumentaria para quase dois terços dentre a população pessoense, demonstrando um alto nível de aceitação da opção.

Background: Reshoring refers to the process of bringing back manufacturing activities from foreign countries to the home country. The phenomenon is receiving increasing attention from companies and academics for factors such as increasing labor costs in offshore locations, supply chain disruptions, and a growing preference for locally made products. Sweden is home to many world-renowned multinational companies and multinational brands, many of which have established production operations in developing countries. However, reshoring from a consumer-side perspective has not received much research attention, especially from a Swedish consumer perspective. Purpose: This study investigates factors influencing Swedish consumers’ purchase intention on reshored products. This study focuses on five factors: brand attitude, social acceptability, individual ethnocentrism, made-in effect, and perceived social responsibility.  Methodology: This study adopts a quantitative research design and conducts a questionnaire regarding reshored apparel among Swedish consumers to test hypotheses. The data was collected through a web-based survey that 151 respondents answered. Findings: The empirical results indicate that brand attitude, social acceptability, and perceived social responsibility positively affect Swedish consumers' purchase intention on reshored apparel, while individual ethnocentrism and made-in effect do not have any significant effect.  Contributions: This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the implications of reshoring from a demand-side perspective, complementing the reshoring literature that primarily focuses on the business perspective. As the study is limited to a Swedish context, it provides a deeper understanding of Swedish consumers and their influence on reshored products.

Textile forms of wearable technology offer the potential for users to interact with electronic devices in a whole new manner. However, the operation of a wearable system can result in non-traditional on-body interactions (including gestural commands) that users may not be comfortable with performing in a public setting. Understanding the societal perceptions of gesture-based interactions will ultimately impact how readily a new form of mobile technology will be adopted within society. The goal of this research is to assess the social acceptability of a user's interaction with an electronic textile wearable interface. Two means of interaction were studied: the first was to assess the most acceptable input method for the interface (tapping, sliding, circular rotation); and the second assessment was to measure the social acceptability of a user interacting with the detachable textile interface at different locations on the body. The study recruited participants who strictly identified themselves as being of American nationality so as to gain insight into the culture-specific perceptions of interacting with a wearable form of technology.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Apesar da importÃncia do saneamento ambiental para o bem-estar do homem e para a conservaÃÃo dos recursos naturais, uma grande parcela da populaÃÃo mundial nÃo tem acesso aos serviÃos bÃsicos de saneamento. Uma tÃcnica caseira que vem sendo estudada e aplicada em paÃses em desenvolvimento, como uma tecnologia segura para o tratamento microbiolÃgico de Ãgua à a desinfecÃÃo solar, SODIS. Este mÃtodo utiliza apenas o sol e garrafas PET como insumo. Atualmente, cerca de um milhÃo de pessoas utiliza regularmente o SODIS em 20 diferentes paÃses. O presente estudo avaliou a eficiÃncia de inativaÃÃo de coliformes termotolerantes segundo o efeito da aerobiose, por meio da agitaÃÃo manual das garrafas e da utilizaÃÃo de diferentes superfÃcies de exposiÃÃo sob as condiÃÃes climÃticas do Estado do CearÃ, bem como a viabilidade social deste mÃtodo em quatro comunidades inseridas em cenÃrios distintos (rural, litorÃno e urbano). Para tanto, compararam-se amostras agitadas e nÃo agitadas, e amostras expostas sobre superfÃcies distintas: concreto pintado de branco, concreto pintado de preto, telha de barro, telha de amianto e bacias de alumÃnio. Para o estudo da viabilidade social, foram aplicados questionÃrios aos usuÃrios do mÃtodo e analisadas amostras da Ãgua bruta e tratada pelo mÃtodo SODIS. Verificou-se que apesar da agitaÃÃo aferir uma concentraÃÃo de 0,75mg/L a mais de OD nas amostras agitadas, esse efeito nÃo foi capaz de aumentar significativamente a eficiÃncia de inativaÃÃo para essas amostras. O decaimento mÃdio bacteriano das amostras agitadas foi 1,10 vezes maior comparado Ãs amostras nÃo agitadas. Os dados obtidos na etapa de superfÃcie indicaram que tambÃm nÃo hà diferenÃa significativa (teste T de Student, nivel de confianÃa 0,05) de inativaÃÃo em expor as garrafas sobre qualquer uma das superfÃcies pesquisadas. O decaimento mÃdio bacteriano foi de: 0,3049h-1, 0,2624h-1, 0,3152h-1, 0,2747h-1, 0,2874h-1, respectivamente, para as amostras sobre o concreto pintado de branco, concreto pintado de preto, telha de amianto, telha de barro e bacia de alumÃnio. A mÃxima temperatura da Ãgua foi de 44ÂC e ainda assim obteve-se mais de 99,99% de remoÃÃo de coliformes termotolerantes em todos os ensaios. Em 67% dos ensaios, o SODIS foi capaz de inativar completamente concentraÃÃes de coliformes termotolerantes acima de 105 NMP.100mL-1 durante as seis horas de exposiÃÃo. O estudo de campo mostrou que o SODIS melhorou a qualidade microbiolÃgica da Ãgua das quatro comunidades pesquisadas. No entanto, a permanÃncia e em alguns casos a proliferaÃÃo do indicador foi verificado quando os usuÃrios expuseram as garrafas em locais sombreados. O SODIS foi bem aceito nas comunidades rurais e litorÃneas, atingindo nÃveis de aceitaÃÃo acima de 45%, se comparado aos da comunidade urbana, com apenas 8%. AlÃm da grande aceitaÃÃo do mÃtodo, mais de 80% dos usuÃrios responderam que iriam continuar a usar o SODIS. / Despite the importance of sanitation for well-being of the mankind and the natural resources conservation, still today a large number of people do not have access to wastewater system neither to public water supply. One technique which has being studied and applied in developing countries as a safe household water treatment method is solar disinfection, SODIS. The only two elements demanded to this method are PET bottles and the sun. Nowadays, around one million people use SODIS regularly in 20 different countries. This study evaluated the feacal coliform bacteria inactivation efficiency according to the effect of bottlesâ agitation and the use of differents exposition surfaces under of State of Cearà climatic conditions, as well as SODIS social viability in four communities at distinct geographical location (peri-urban, rural and coastal). To achieve this, agitated and non-agitated samples and five diferrents surfaces: concrete spotted in white color, concrete spotted in black color, abobe roofing tile, asbestos roofing tile and aluminum basins were investigated. To evaluate social acceptability, questionnaires had been applied to all users SODIS and raw water and treated water by SODIS were analyzed. It was verified that despite the agitation surveying a concentration more than 0,75mg/L of OD in the agitated samples, this effect was not capable to increase significantly the inactivation efficiency in these samples. The mean decay constant for bacterial population in agitated bottles was found to be a factor of 1.10 higher than in non-agitated bottles. The surface investigation indicated that no significant difference (paired StudentÂs T-test at P=0,05 significance level of log10 transformed data) in inactivating feacal coliforms by exposing the bottles over the five surfaces examined were observed. The mean decay constant for bacterial population was: 0,3049h-1, 0,2624h-1, 0,3152h-1, 0,2747h-1, 0,2874h-1, respectively for the sample exposed over concrete spotted in white color, concrete spotted in black color, abobe roofing tile, asbestos roofing tile and aluminum basins. The maximum water temperature reached was 44ÂC and still thus, it was obtained reduction more than 99.99% of feacal coliforms. In 67% of the assays, SODIS was capable to completely inactivate concentrations of feacal coliforms above 105 NMP.100mL-1 within six hours of exposition. The field study had shown that SODIS improved the microbiological water quality in the four communities. However, the permanence and in some cases the increase of feacal coliforms was verified when the users exposed the bottles in shaded areas. SODIS was well received in rural and coastal communities reaching acceptance levels over than 45%, compared to urban community, with only 8%. Beyond the great acceptance of the method, over 80% of the users answered that they would continue to use SODIS.

Cette thèse fournit des éléments pertinents dans la prédiction de l'intention d'usage d'un progiciel de gestion intégrée (PGI) dans le secteur de transport aérien en Tunisie. L'introduction de ce type de progiciel implique des changements au niveau de l'organisation du travail et des appréhensions au niveau des salariés en regard de sa complexité. Le premier objectif empirique de ce travail est de relever les rôles respectifs du sentiment d'auto-efficacité, le sentiment de contrôle comportemental perçu et la charge subjective du travail dans le choix d'adoption de ces progiciels (étude 1). Les résultats indiquent qu'une synergie est bien présente entre les éléments indiqués et qu'ils influencent de manière significative le recours à l'utilisation des PGI. L'auto-efficacité informatique et le contrôle perçu favorisent l'intention le recours à l'usage des PGI de manière directe et indirecte via les perceptions d'utilité et d'utilisabilité relatives au progiciel. Tandis que la charge subjective de travail entrave le recours à l'utilisation de cet outil. Les composantes de la charge subjective de travail (la charge mentale, la charge temporelle, la demande en effort et en performance et la frustration) ont ainsi un poids considérable dans la formation de l'intention d'usage de ce progiciel. La principale source de cet effet négatif est due au sentiment de frustration que pourrait ressentir le salarié lors de l'usage d'un PGI. L'étude des différentes formes de la frustration (étude 2) suggère un impact plus important du sentiment de découragement que le sentiment de stress perçu sur l'utilisabilité et l'intention d'usage des PGI. Cette présente thèse a un double objectif : une contribution théorique sur le rôle des déterminants émotionnels sur l'intention d'usage des progiciels de gestion intégrée et une contribution pratique puisque ce travail permet de repenser la décision d'investissement en l'implémentation du progiciel et canaliser les efforts des formateurs afin de diminuer la charge subjective chez les salariés lors de l'utilisation effective de l'outil. / This thesis provides us with relevant factors which served as predictions of intentions used through Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in the air transport sector in Tunisia. The introduction of such type of package implies changes in work's organizations and employees' apprehensions since it is to be considered as a complex process. The first empirical objective of this work is to pinpoint respectively the main role of the sense of self-efficacy, the perceived behavioral control and subjective workload in choosing adoption of such packages (study 1). The results indicate that interrelatedness is well marked and therefore, it has a significant influence in the use of the ERP. Both computer's self-efficiency and experienced self-control lead to a direct or indirect use of ERP through the perceived utility and relative usability of the package. Whereas, the subjective aspect of the workload go against a good use this tool. The components of subjective workload (mental workload, temporal workload, asked efforts, performance's level and frustration) have considerable effect in the formation of good willingness for the use of such software. This experienced negative effect stems its origins from the employee's frustration when using an ERP system. The study of different forms of frustration (Study 2) suggests that a greater impact is to be recorded, and then, a feeling of discouragement is far to be dismissed and it can be considered as more important than the perceived stress related with usability of the ERP. The present thesis has two layers of research: the first is a kind of theoretical contribution on the role of emotional determinants on the intentional use of ERP systems and the second is a practical contribution since it paves the way to a rethinking of the decisional invest in the implementation of such a package's in-put and therefore it mainstreams the effort of educators in the aim to reduce the subjective burden among employees during an actual and efficient use of the tool.

L’objectif du travail de thèse a été de tester en laboratoire l’efficacité de deux variantes de taxe ambiante (Taxe Pigouvienne Moyenne et Taxe Ambiante Plafonnée) qui présentent l’avantage de réduire les charges en cas de taxation mais dont l’efficacité nécessite que les pollueurs coordonnent leurs efforts. Pour permettre cette coordination, trois formes de communication (communication gratuite ou « cheap talk », communication coûteuse endogène et exogène) ont été testées. Les résultats montrent que le sucker’s payoff et la taille des groupes sont déterminants dans le potentiel du cheap talk à induire de la coopération. Lorsque la communication est coûteuse et exogène, l’impact positif de la communication est limité dans le temps. Cependant lorsque la décision de communiquer moyennant un coût revient aux joueurs, ceux-ci choisissent de ne pas communiquer. Nous avons aussi montré que le cheap talk facilite la coordination vers l’équilibre Pareto-dominant et rend ainsi la Taxe Ambiante Plafonnée efficace. / The purpose of this thesis was to test in laboratory the efficiency of two variants of the ambient tax (Average Pigovian Tax and Capped Ambient Tax) that present the advantage of reducing the financial burden imposed through taxation but whose efficiency requires that polluters coordinate their efforts. To enable this coordination, three types of communication (“cheap talk” or costless communication, exogenous costly communication and endogenous costly communication) are tested.The results show that the sucker’s payoff and the size of the groups are crucial in the potential of cheap talk to induce cooperation. When the communication is costly and exogenous, cooperation is limited in time. However when the decision to communicate for a price is up to the players, they decide not to communicate. We’ve also shown that cheap talk facilitates coordination towards the Pareto-dominant equilibrium and makes the Capped Ambient Tax efficient.

La conservation de la nature est de nos jours une préoccupation planétaire. Pour la concrétiser, la création d'aires protégées est encouragée depuis le sommet de la Terre de Rio de 1992, surtout dans les pays des bassins forestiers. Avec Rio, le développement durable devient fondamental. Afin d'apporter sa contribution pour cette cause internationale, et par la même occasion diversifier son économie, le Gabon, pays du bassin forestier du Congo, crée treize parcs nationaux en 2002. À travers ces aires protégées, c'est 11 % de son territoire qu'il consacre à la conservation de la biodiversité. Notre étude est une analyse de de la conservation de la nature, précisément à travers le parc national de Loango, dans un pays qui fonde son développement économique sur l'exploitation des ressources naturelles. Elle aborde l'application de la gestion participative entre des acteurs qui ne perçoivent pas la ressource naturelle de la même façon. Elle examine l'impact social, économique et culturel d'un objet géré selon des normes internationales avec peu de considération des réalités locales. Nous soulignons aussi la difficulté du Gabon à choisir entre développement économique national et conservation. Cette difficulté est souvent engendrée par la demande internationale. L'étude soulève également la question de l'acceptabilité sociale, manifestée par des conflits entre acteurs. / Since nature conservation has become an issue of global concern, efforts have been made to encourage the creation of protected areas since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, especially in forest basins countries. After Rio, sustainable development has become crucial. In order to make its contribution to this international cause and at the same time diversify its economy, Gabon, country of the Congo Basin forest, created thirteen national parks in 2002. Altogether, the 13 protected sites represent 11 % of the national territory classified for the conservation of Gabon's rich biodiversity. Our study is based on the analysis of this challenge, more precisely in the Loango National Park and in a country whose economic development is fully dependant on its natural resources. It deals with the application of the participative management between the different actors concerned who have different perceptions of natural resources. It examines the social, economic and cultural impact of something which is managed according to international standards and with very little consideration for local realities. We also underline the difficulty Gabon faces in choosing between its national economic development and conservation. This difficulty is often caused by international demands. The study also raises the question of social acceptability expressed by conflicts between actors.

Les politiques de développement durable ont fait émerger de nombreux outils qui visent à concilier les enjeux de développement économique et ceux de préservation des intérêts sociaux et environnementaux. Parmi eux, la compensation territoriale se matérialise par l’attribution, à un territoire subissant les impacts négatifs d’un aménagement déclaré d’utilité publique, d’un ensemble de mesures visant à maintenir à niveau acceptable le bien-être des individus et l’état écologique du milieu. Elle permet ainsi de rétablir un équilibre entre la dimension globale du projet, qui ne considère que ses effets positifs, et la dimension locale, dans laquelle les externalités positives et négatives du projet rentrent en jeu. Initié par un questionnement sur la mise en oeuvre d’un tel outil de politique publique au sein de territoires spécifiques, l’objectif principal de ce travail est de caractériser la demande de compensation par les acteurs du territoire au regard des impacts perçus dans un contexte de projet d’aménagement. Ce travail explore les perceptions des acteurs du territoire de la baie de Saint-Brieuc directement concernés par un projet de parc éolien en mer vis-à-vis de ce principe de compensation. Pour ce faire, des approches qualitatives et quantitatives ont été utilisées de manière complémentaire et font appel à des outils spécifiques tels que la cartographie cognitive floue et la méthode des choix expérimentaux. Cette démarche nous a permis de produire de nombreux éléments de compréhension quant à la manière dont ces acteurs perçoivent les impacts d’un tel projet d’aménagement, acceptent ou non le principe de compensation comme outil de réponse aux impacts négatifs du projet et envisagent la mise en oeuvre de la compensation à travers leurs préférences vis-à-vis de différentes types d’actions – indemnisations financières, investissements dans des biens communs, restauration écologique. Les résultats de ce travail montrent que les perceptions, très hétérogènes au sein des acteurs du territoire, s’expliquent en grande partie à travers le concept de Communautés de Pratiques. Finalement, lorsque le principe de compensation est accepté par les acteurs du territoire, la logique d’équivalence qui conditionne la demande de compensation peut s’expliquer de trois manières différentes : une équivalence territoriale dans laquelle les bénéfices issus de la compensation doivent profiter à l’ensemble de la population du territoire impacté ; une équivalence écologique dans laquelle le niveau de fonctions écologiques et de services écosystémiques est maintenu constant, une équivalence basée sur des valeurs économiques pour pallier le manque à gagner de certaines activités professionnelles. / In the context of a territory suffering from the negative impacts of an infrastructure declared of public utility, territorial compensation consists of a set of measure that aims to help maintaining the level of well-being of each and every individual as well as a desirable ecological state. This way, territorial compensation allows to balance between the global scale of the project, in which only the positive impacts are taken into account, and the local scale where both positive and negative externalities of the project are running. Initiated by a questioning on how such a public policy tool can be deployed at the heart of specific territories, the main objective of this PhD work is to characterize the expectation of local stakeholders towards the perceived impacts awaited from the instatement of a development project. More specifically, this work relies on an analytical approach centered on the study of the perception of the stakeholders of the Bay of St-Brieuc territory (Western Brittany, France), who are directly concerned by an offshore wind farm project. To reach suchaims, complementary qualitative and quantitative methods are used such as fuzzy cognitive mapping and choice experiment method. Using this kind of approaches allowed us to better define several keys for understanding how local stakeholders perceive the impacts of such a project and agree or not with compensation being an appropriate answer regarding the negative impacts of the project and consider the implementation of compensation in reference to their preferences towards different types of action – monetary incentives, public goods investments, ecological restoration. Our results show very heterogeneous perceptions in between the different stakeholders that can in a large part beexplained using the concept of Communities of Practice. Finally, when the principle of compensation is accepted by allthe stakeholders of a territory, the equivalency logical that determines the compensation expectations can be of three types: a territorial equivalency, in which the benefits of compensation must be shared by all inhabitants of the impacted territory; an ecological equivalency, in which the level of ecological functions or ecosystem services is maintained constant; and an equivalency based on economic values that must balance the loss of benefits underwent by some professional activities.

Intact sagebrush communities in the Great Basin are rapidly disappearing due to invasion of non-native plants, large wildfires, and encroachment of pinyon pine and juniper woodlands. Land management options include the use of prescribed fire, grazing, herbicides and mechanical treatments to reduce the potential for wildfire and restore plant communities. Land managers in the region face a complex and interrelated set of ecological, economic, and social challenges to the implementation of these management practices. Effective restoration strategies require consideration of citizens in the region and their acceptance of management practices, as well as their trust in the agencies that implement them. This longitudinal panel study (2006-2010) examines the social acceptability of management options for rangeland restoration and public trust in agencies to carry out these options in three urban and three rural regions of the Great Basin. Most similar studies in this region have been largely place-based and cross-sectional, focusing on communities at one point in time. Results from this study can be used to evaluate the success of management programs, predict support for different treatments, determine the impact of agency outreach efforts, and identify important factors for building trust between communities and agencies across the region. The study uses data from a mail-back questionnaire sent to residents in 2006 and again in 2010. Overall, 698 respondents comprise the panel of interest. Results suggest landscape scale events such as wildfire, as well as agency management and outreach programs, had little influence on respondents' perceptions of agencies or management options over the study period. Several key findings have persisted throughout the study: (1) acceptance is high for the use of prescribed fire, grazing, felling, and mowing, but low for chaining and herbicide use, though there are (2) low levels of public trust and confidence in agencies to implement these management options, and (3) there are salient differences between the region's rural and urban residents with important implications for agency communication strategies. Most changes in response over the study period were subtle, though the direction and strength of these changes highlight noteworthy trends: (1) Great Basin residents are becoming more aware of key threats facing rangelands, (2) they seem more interested in having a role in making management decisions, and (3) they are slightly more positive about their interactions with agency personnel. Finally, findings suggest many residents have had little experience with agency outreach programs. Trust and confidence in management agencies are key factors in garnering support for restoration activities. While knowledge of management activities and confidence in managers' ability to competently implement them certainly play a role, findings strongly suggest sincerity factors (e.g., good communication or the perception that agencies share citizens' goals, thoughts, or values) have the greatest influence on acceptance of management practices in the Great Basin. Results suggest it would be beneficial for agencies to take a more active role in building trust with residents across the region. Differing levels of knowledge and interest, as well as different concerns, found among rural and urban residents highlight the need to tailor outreach strategies for use in specific communities. / Graduation date: 2012