After nine years of working in the field of social work, this including counselling, training and supervision, the researcher became aware of the need to develop a tool by which social workers could identify how they work. This study is for the social workers. It will review theory and techniques and then will go one step further. It will offer a new product to the social worker, a product whereby he or she can internally reflect on, investigate, argue about, integrate and finally, within the relationship the social worker has with his or her own working self, developed a personal practice model. Developmental research was selected as the research design. The tool to achieve the goal of developing a personal practice model was a workshop. A pilot study was undertaken at Family Life Centre. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Science (Mental Health))

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-10-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:39:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 almeidaneto_ar_me_mar.pdf: 758123 bytes, checksum: e8520984f6534ff04f423f16ebc65e21 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Associando métodos de pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa, através da teoria da ação social, buscamos definir uma amostragem em Americana-SP e compreender o sentido que a participação eleitoral possui aos entrevistados. Partimos das teorias nacionais e internacionais sobre o voto, a participação e democracia. Traçamos um breve panorama sobre a história da cidade. Definimos e aplicamos um questionário para a amostragem. E, por meio de entrevistas gravadas, analisamos o conteúdo das falas para compreendermos a forma como valores e atitudes do indivíduo influem na escolha do candidato. / Associating quantitative and qualitative research methods, through social action theory, we try to define a sample in Americana-SP and understand the interviewee electoral participation. We start from nationals and internationals theory about voting, participation and democracy. We trace a small history view from the city. We define and apply a questionnaire to the sample. And, through the recorded interviews, we analyze the discourse contents to understand the way the values and attitudes of individual influence the choose of the candidate.

A presente tese toma as práticas assistenciais evangélicas como objeto privilegiado para a análise das relações entre religião e esfera pública, aqui compreendida como uma arena de mediação de sentidos. Amparada pela abordagem desenhada por Habermas, formula-se a hipótese de que a assistência seria uma espécie de baliza que permite atribuir verossimilhança a determinados posicionamentos públicos, dado que faculta conexões muito singulares entre diferentes campos discursivos (como religião, direito, política e economia) e que, quanto mais complexas forem estas conexões, maior abrangência terá a argumentação e, por consequência, tanto maior será a probabilidade de ela ser levada em consideração na esfera pública. Elementos oriundos da teoria da prática formulada por Bourdieu também são utilizados para analisar estas relações. Disto resulta propor que os diferentes arranjos que permitem ampliar os sentidos atribuídos à assistência estejam intrinsecamente relacionados a disposições que, embora sejam compartilhadas, podem ser diferentemente acionadas em cada contexto de ação. Para refletir sobre em que termos estas relações são produzidas e como são agenciados diferentes códigos compartilhados, toma-se como recorte empírico a Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus e a Rede Evangélica Nacional de Ação Social, investindo-se na produção de uma etnografia de seus agentes e de suas práticas / This dissertation takes evangelical practices of assistance as a privileged object to analyze the relations between religion and the public sphere, which are understood as an arena for the mediation of meanings. Based on the approach designed by Habermas, the hypothesis is that assistance is something that would guide us in attributing verisimilitude to certain public positions, for it allows for very particular connections between different discursive fields (such as religion, law, politics, economy), and the more complex these connections are, the more encompassing argumentation will be; as a consequence, the greater is the probability that it will be taken into consideration in the public sphere. Elements from the theory of practice formulated by Bourdieu are also used to analyze these relations. The result is that the different arrangements that make it possible to broaden the meanings attributed to assistance are closely related to dispositions which, although they are shared, may be resorted to differently in each context of action. In order to think of how these relations are produced and how different codes shared are arranged, an ethnography of the agents and practices of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God and the Brazilian National Evangelical Network of Social Action was carried out

Este estudo busca desvelar o que é isto a prática da profissional enfermeira em hospitais públicos, segundo abordagem fenomenológica na tentativa de compreender as experiências vividas pelas enfermeiras no cotidiano de hospitais públicos. O processo de compreensão está fundamentado na fenomenologia social de Alfred Schütz, o que possibilitou desvelar a ação social da profissional enfermeira. O acesso às vivências das enfermeiras deu-se através de entrevista não diretiva diante da questão orientadora: Poderia me dizer como é o seu trabalho como enfermeira aqui no hospital? A análise das descrições permitiram a compreensão do típico da prática da enfermeira revelando revestir-se de grande complexidade. Os graus de complexidade são derivados da intensa relação face a face que acontece no ato de cuidar de outro na sua singularidade; das relações com as outras práticas de atenção a saúde; das limitações da formação técnica da enfermeira que se mostra insuficiente para dar conta dos fenômenos sociais presentes no mundo vivido no hospital; dos enfrentamentos cotidianos diante dos avanços científicos e tecnológicos que exigem reflexão profissional para incorporar-los no cuidado. A fenomenologia social de Alfred Schütz contribuiu para compreender a ação social das enfermeiras como grupo que se insere numa trama de relações sociais intersubjetivas derivadas da coexistência e convivência de uma temporalidade e um espaço comum de trabalho. / This study aimed to uncover the practice of nursing professionals in public hospitals, adopting a phenomenological approach, in an attempt to understand the experiences of nurses in the daily reality of public hospitals. The understanding process is based on the social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz, which allowed us to uncover the social action of nursing professionals. Access to nursing experiences was obtained through non-directive interviews, in view of the question: Could you tell me how your work is as a nurse here at the hospital? The analysis of their descriptions allowed for the understanding of what is typical about nursing practice, which revealed to be highly complex. The complexity levels derive from the intense face-to-face relation that occurs in caring for the singularity of others; from the relations with other health care practices; from limitations in technical nursing formation, which reveals to be insufficient for dealing with the social phenomena present in the hospital world; from the daily confrontations with scientific and technological advances, which require professional reflection to be incorporated into care. The social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz contributed to the understanding of nurses’ social actions as a group that is inserted in a web of intersubjective social relations, which derive from the coexistence and experience of a common time and work space.

Tese (doutorado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Ambiental, Instituto de Educação, 2010. / Submitted by eloisa silva (eloisa1_silva@yahoo.com.br) on 2012-11-28T17:18:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jara loureno da fontoura.pdf: 2908053 bytes, checksum: b6b2a43a77571d094804ec11ad4cd997 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-11-28T17:18:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jara loureno da fontoura.pdf: 2908053 bytes, checksum: b6b2a43a77571d094804ec11ad4cd997 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / O presente trabalho de tese tem como objetivo relatar e analisar criticamente, sob o enfoque da teoria Ecomunitarista, o Projeto Ecomunitarismo/UCPel, coordenado pela autora desta tese enquanto educadora ambiental da Universidade Católica de Pelotas/RS no período de (1998 a 2005), junto a dois grupos diferenciados, a saber: o dos estudantes do curso de Ecologia UCPel e o do grupo de catadores de papelão e pescadores da Comunidade São Gonçalo, na cidade de Pelotas-RS, BR 392\km 60 às margens do canal de Santa Bárbara, Brasil. Ao unir educação formal e não formal, ocorre um entrelaçamento contextualizado - interdisciplinar e crítico\criativo - das linhas de pesquisa do Doutorado em Educação Ambiental da FURG (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande), a saber: Educação Ambiental e Formação de Educadores (EAEFE) e Educação Ambiental Não Formal (EANF), o que justifica tal tese. Para tanto, este trabalho tem como eixo norteador as normas da ética Ecomunitarista que tratam da liberdade, do consenso e da ecologia, a partir da pergunta que instaura a ética: O que devo/devemos fazer? A tese tem como indagação primeira saber: Até que ponto a proposta teórica Ecomunitarista foi colocada em prática no projeto Ecomunitarismo da UCPel no período de 1998 a 2005? E por hipótese: Foram plenamente satisfatórias, segundo a teoria Ecomunitarista, as respostas socioambientais que o Projeto Ecomunitarismo\ UCPel possibilitou durante os sete anos de atuação, junto à Comunidade São Gonçalo. A metodologia presente, neste trabalho, foi de análise qualitativa, utilizando-se da proposta metodológica do Ecofeminismo, que substitui o postulado da investigação desprovida de valores, da visão de cima, por uma visão a partir dos oprimidos, e o conhecimento espectador contemplativo e omisso, por uma participação ativa nas ações, movimentos e lutas em favor da emancipação da mulher e dos oprimidos, fazendo do processo de investigação um processo de conscientização. / The aim of this present thesis work has as objective to report and analyze critically, from the “Ecomunitarista” theory focus, the “Ecomunitarismo” Project/UCPel-RS (Pelotas Catholic University / Rio Grande do Sul State), coordinated by the author of this thesis while environmental educator of this University in the period of (1998 to 2005), together with two differentiated groups, to know: the one of the students from the Ecology Course UCPel's and the one of the cardboard scavengers and fishermen of the São Gonçalo Community, in the city of Pelotas-RS, BR 392\km 60 on the coast of Santa Bárbara Channel, Brazil. Upon joining formal and non-formal education, there is a contextualized – interdisciplinary and critical/creative of the research lines from the Environmental Education Doctorate Program of FURG (Federal University of Rio Grande), to know: Environmental Education and Teachers Training (EAEFE) and Non-Formal Environmental Education (EANF), what justifies such thesis. Accordingly, this work has as its guideline the “Ecomunitarista” ethics rules which deal with freedom, consensus and ecology, as from the question that places the ethics: what should I/we do? The first investigation of thesis is: To what extent the “Ecomunitarismo” theoretical proposal was put into practice in the “Ecomunitarismo” Project from UCPel in the period from 1998 to 2005? And by hypothesis: According to the “Ecomunitarista” Theory, the social-environmental answers that the “Ecomunitarismo” Project from UCPel enabled during the seven years of performance, with the São Gonçalo Community, were fully satisfactory. The present methodology in this work, was qualitative analysis, using the “Ecofeminismo” methodological proposal, which replaces the principle of the investigation free of values, of the view from the above, by a vision from the oppressed, and the bystander knowledge, contemplative and omitted, by an active participation in the actions, movements and fights in favor of the woman's emancipation and of the marginalized ones, turning the investigation procedure into an awareness process.

Na indústria da água, as fraudes cometidas pelos clientes para acessar a água sem pagar afetam a receita da empresa, contribuem para aumentar as perdas físicas e interferem na ordem econômica, causando danos à sociedade. Os custos de transação ex post envolvem inspeção in loco se houver suspeita de fraude e execução legal no caso de uma fraude ser confirmada. No entanto, os indivíduos podem reagir de forma diversa frente aos custos e benefícios relacionados ao cumprimento das normas contratuais e legais. Analisamos 115.695 fraudes constatadas pela concessionária entre janeiro de 2010 e junho de 2016 na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Os resultados indicaram que a fiscalização não apresentou influência importante sobre a quantidade de fraudes. Na categoria de uso residencial as áreas mais pobres e com baixo nível de instrução formal apresentaram as maiores quantidades de fraudes. Conclui-se que o fraudador típico nesta categoria está na fronteira do crime e assim sendo precisaria de um \"incentivo\" para escolher não cometer fraude. Nesse caso propomos dois caminhos inter-relacionados: impor um caráter mais educativo do que punitivo às inspeções e instituir um tipo de troca multilateral (Coase, 1960). Por outro lado, nas áreas com nível sócio econômico alto e muito alto apresentaram maior quantidade de fraudes na categoria de uso comercial relativamente às quantidades de fraudes constatadas na categoria de uso residencial. Esse resultado encontra respaldo em Becker (1968; 1974), cujo argumento incorpora o comportamento racional ilegal, e traz à cena o argumento de Hirschmann (1977), de que cabe à sociedade e às firmas tornar as estruturas políticas repressivas efetivas em adesão ao interesse civilizado. Devido às diferenças de governança dentro da empresa e no ambiente legal e social, a validade dos resultados é limitada à RMSP. / In water industry, frauds committed by customers to access water without paying affect firm´s revenue, contribute to increase physical losses and interfere in the economic order causing harm to society. Ex post transaction costs involve inspection in loco if fraud is suspected and legal enforcement in case a fraud is confirmed. However, individuals may react differently to the costs and benefits of complying with contractual and legal standards. We analyzed the 115,695 frauds registered in management system of the concessionaire between january 2010 and june/2016 in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. The results indicated that the inspections did not have an important influence on frauds quantity. Frauds were much more numerous in residential category of use in poorest areas with low level of formal education. It is concluded that typical fraudster in this category is at the border of crime. Therefore, he needs an \'incentive\' to choose not commit fraud. In this case we propose two interrelated paths: to impose a more educational than punitive character on the inspections and to institute a type of multilateral exchange (Coase, 1960). On the other hand, in commercial category of use frauds were much more numerous in areas with high and very high socioeconomic level. This result is supported by Becker (1968; 1974), whose argument incorporates the illegal rational behavior and brings to the scene Hirschmann´s argument (1977), that it is up to society and firms to make effective repressive political structures in adherence to civilized self-interest. Due to differences in governance within the firm and in legal and social environment, the validity of the results is limited to the MRSP.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Over the course of the past three decades bi-lateral and multi-lateral donor agencies, academics and practitioners have expressed the conviction that decentralisation of administrative and political authority to the local level is of central importance to public sector reform programmes in developing states both as a means to improve service delivery and to deepen democracy. However, many states in Africa have had disappointing experiences with decentralisation which have variously been attributed to the underfunding of local governments, a lack of administrative capacity and corruption. In the light of this, a number of scholars have argued that decentralisation in Africa has achieved little in the delivery of basic services and in the deepening democracy at the local level. This has raised concerns that decentralisation, whilst necessary, is not a sufficient condition for ensuring local socio-economic development and participatory governance. This thesis sets out to examine the process of administrative and political decentralisation in Tanzania since it attained independence in 1961, paying particular attention to the current local government reform programme which consists of a parallel system of devolved and de-concentrated government authority implemented through the Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF). This hybrid model of decentralisation, which is heavily reliant on donor aid, has been in place for over a decade and a half. The thesis considers the extent to which the combination of decentralised and de-concentrated forms of administration represents an accommodation between the neo-liberal agenda of donors (concerned with the diminution of central state power) and the policy interests of the Tanzanian government (concerned about a lack of local capacity and domestic politics). Based on a case study of three municipalities (Tanga city, and the Lindi and Morogoro district councils) the thesis examines the extent to which the hybrid model is meeting its stated objectives of strengthening local government, improving service delivery, and promoting effective citizen participation. In so doing it examines the particular role of TASAF and the extent to which its activities are supporting the development of effective local government. Empirical evidence, which was generated through a mixed methods approach based on both quantitative and qualitative research, suggests that, notwithstanding the concerns of some local politicians that the model has undermined the authority of local councils, the v combination of local administrative coordination and the technical and financial support of TASAF, has led to significant improvements in the delivery of social services since the reform programme was launched. The thesis also found that the majority of respondents believed that the hybrid model had served to deepen local democracy to a far greater extent than decentralisation reforms of the past. It also concluded that, in spite its evident potential, the future of the hybrid model in Tanzania is highly uncertain, given that it remains heavily reliant on donor funding and is subject to the aid conditionalities imposed upon it. Unless the government is able to increase its own funding of TASAF, the hybrid model is likely to collapse due to the changed funding priorities of bi-lateral and multilateral donor agencies.

Doctor Educationis / The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between identity and differential academic performance in a cohort of preprimary teachers-in-training. The study draws on indepth interviews with, and detailed observations of, nineteen students and five of their lecturers at a college of education in Cape Town in the late 1990s. Through an analysis of the narratives of academic performance of these students, this work argues that students constructed narratives of academic performance framed by their expectations of what they considered possible for people of their particular identity. Thus as a consequence, students who shared common identities and social locations tended to share common narrative threads. This was most evident in the way in which three broad narrative perspectives emerged - framed by shared social locations of race, class, and gender, and common understandings of religion and cognitive ability. However, within each broad grouping .individual agency nuanced how each student interpreted his or her personal history and particular social locations through the discourses to which he or she had access. This work presents a. challenge to the dominant metaphor of reproduction in the field of educational studies. It is clear from analysis of the students' narratives that as active agents they were not unproblematically reproduced by the teacher college as classed, raced, and gendered subjects. Rather, they produced themselves within existing, and often potentially contradictory, material and discursive contexts. In explaining differential academic performance, this work examines the way in which narrative understandings introduce people into particular ways of life through their authorial voice and legitimating functions. More specifically, it explains how subjective narratives of academic performance introduce students into particular social actions that result in 'objective' differential academic performance as recorded on year-end mark schedules. However, in selecting narrative analysis as a conceptual framework for the work, it has been possible to motivate for an explanation that goes beyond an analysis of academic achievement and failure. In successive chapters evidence is marshaled to frame an argument that students' narratives shape their social action as agents of history, and are implicated in the distribution of privilege within society. The framing of the research question was premised on the assumption that a relationship exists between educational outcomes and access to life chances. While evidence is presented that signals how subjective narratives of academic performance are 'lived out' as 'objective' academic performance, a linear relationship between marks as academic performance and life chances is raised as problematic. It is argued that rather than merely shaping academic performance, narratives as theories of social reality frame all understandings of the social world including access to socio-economic privilege. It is these understandings that get 'lived out' in the choices that students make about their futures. A significant thread to the argument is the extent to which lecturers are implicated in the narrative understandings that students construct, and consequently in the unequal distribution of privilege in society. While seeking to explain academic performance, the study comes to the significant conclusion that narrative understandings, rather than academic performance, are implicated in the distribution of privilege in society.

Thesis advisor: M. Brinton Lykes / Every day Muslim women in the United States wake up to a harsh political world that attacks their identities, communities, and freedom. In this context, Muslim women endure immense psychological tolls on their sense of identity, safety, and relationships. For many of them, walking out the door and claiming their Muslim identity is an act of political resistance. Despite the disempowerment they may experience, many engage in social actions to resist these oppressive forces. Yet, Muslim women activists have received strikingly little attention in the psychological literature. To date, no research has explored the psychosocial experiences of Muslim women who engage in activism, nor the meanings they make of these engagements or their trajectories of resistance. Using a participatory research approach informed by art-based inquiry techniques, this inductive qualitative study explored 10 Muslim women activists’ trajectories into and experiences of engaging in social action. A constructivist theoretical model of Muslim women activists' processes of resistance and community liberation was developed through qualitative inductive analyses of in-depth interviews and participants’ illustrations. Eight “clusters” have been configured to map a model that represents both processes and outcomes of how these 10 women engaged, experienced, and made meaning of their activism. They include: (1) living in a post 9/11 sociopolitical context; (2) navigating the Muslim community context; (3) internal experiences of being a Muslim woman; (4) guiding ideals toward activism journey; (5) development of political analyses; (6) resistance actions toward social change; (7) burdens and benefits of engagement in resistance; and (8) supportive forces in the process of resistance.  Although only representative of 10 participants, the model is sufficiently theorized to suggest that life in a multiply traumatizing context shapes Muslim women activists’ experiences, precluding and contributing to their persistence and resistance throughout and during their engagement in social change work. Political analyses and ideals are vital in their descriptions of their trajectories of becoming activists. Benefits and burdens that are inevitable in social change work include both the thrill and fun of engaging in activism as well as the costs to relationships and conflicts inherent in such work. Finally, encouragement by other Muslims and allies is discussed as a valuable source of support to Muslim women activists. Limitations are discussed and implications are proposed to inform possibilities for future healing centered research and action. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology.

Dans cette étude nous proposons un parallèle entre le Brésil et la France, avec un focus sur les différences et ressemblances des enjeux au sein des deux sociétés, en ce qui concerne l’action sociale et ses formes d’expression dans le champ religieux. Cette question sera illustrée par l’étude des activités développées au sein de l’organisation missionnaire de tendance évangélique charismatique Youth With a Mission (YWAM), crée en 1960 par Loren Cunningham aux États-Unis et implantée dans les deux pays. Au travers d’un ensemble d’entretiens et d’une enquête comparative observant les dynamiques personnelles des missionnaires et les actions prosélytes parachurch, l’objectif est de comprendre la situation dans laquelle ces pays se trouvent aujourd’hui en fonction des stratégies prosélytistes intégrées au travail social. Nous nous sommes concentré sur l’analyse du rôle des acteurs évangéliques de YWAM, en tant qu’acteurs associatifs et partenaires dans le domaine de l’action sociale au sein d’États dans lesquels l’État Providence et la conception de la laïcité différent. Nous démontrerons que le choix de la politique sociale appliquée et les éléments qui ressortent de ce système sur les résultats pratiques du cadre de vie des populations des deux pays jouent un rôle sur la manière dont s’exprime la religion et se comportent ses membres, comme dans les moyens d’évangélisation et d’entraide. Dans cette dynamique, nous verrons les implications des actions menées par l’organisation, les effets produits par une « collaboration » entre le religieux et la sphère sociale, et sa rencontre avec la logique des dispositifs juridico-administratifs français et brésilien. Nous explorerons quelques pistes sur les nouvelles formes de sociabilité qui se sont présentées en termes religieux, de manières d’agir et de communiquer. Au-delà du domaine socio-politique, la thèse s’intéresse aussi à la compréhension de l’insertion des jeunes dans les institutions religieuses en tant que professionnels de la foi, quittant un style de vie ordinaire pour un engagement religieux. Notre objectif est de comprendre qui sont ces jeunes, leurs historiques familiaux, leur trajectoires personnelles et comment cette nouvelle vie est perçue et vécue à travers leurs motivations. / This research presents a comparative study of aspects of social action and forms of expression within the religious field within Brazil and France. The study focuses on the activities of Youth With a Mission (YWAM), an evangelical charismatic missionary organisation founded in the United States by Loren Cunningham in 1960 and now present in both France and Brazil. Through interviews and comparative observations of the interpersonal dynamics and parachurch proselytizing actions of the missionaries, the aim of the study is to understand the relative impact of the country contexts on the proselytizing strategies of the organisation within its social work. We also analyse the role of the YWAM as social actors and state partners in the social sector, comparing the differing country context of secularism and the welfare state. In this analysis, we consider the issue of public-private collaboration produced by the convergence between YWAM's actions and the distinct legal-administrative contexts in Brazil and France. How do these convergences create innovative forms of social interactions, in terms of religion, social action, and communication? Beyond the socio-political domain, this thesis aims to study the immersion of youths within religious institutions as faith professionals by leaving an ordinary life for a religious commitment. The research analyses who these youths are, and how their family backgrounds and personal trajectories have motivated them to adopt this mode of life.