Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:32:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GISELE JUSTINIANO DE FARIA MARTINS.pdf: 796539 bytes, checksum: ad197b6b3f468d629fcda1044ef0413e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-12 / A presente dissertação é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada no Centro de Reabilitação e Readaptação Dr. Henrique Santillo (CRER), em Goiânia, GO, analisando as implicações sociais acarretadas pelas mudanças ocorridas no contexto familiar de pessoas que passaram por lesões neurológicas e adquirindo uma deficiência e estão em tratamento de reabilitação motora. O problema social evidenciado nesse estudo pautou-se na compreensão de como esses familiares redimensionaram suas atividades cotidianas para manterem os cuidados com a saúde de um de seus membros, posteriormente, a obtenção de uma deficiência. Objetivamos, nesse estudo, entender como são realizados os cuidados sociais aos lesionados e como essas famílias passam a lidar com as consequências das lesões neurológicas que seu ente querido adquiriu seja por acidentes automobilísticos ou por doenças ocasionadas via alguma disfunção neurológica ou motora. Além de identificar quais os problemas sociais que passaram a ter para realizar a manutenção desse cuidado contínuo. Esse processo de apreensão foi possível porque essa pesquisadora trabalha no setor de reabilitação e readaptação do CRER, do mesmo modo, porque teve condições de estudar os prontuários e documentos da instituição, assim como, a escuta via as falas das famílias, pessoas em tratamento e profissionais de saúde. Nesse sentido, para apreender a totalidade desse objeto, buscou-se além do arcabouço teórico e metodológico construído tanto nas referências bibliográficas e literatura especializada, como no conteúdo das legislações. Além disso, para entender a realidade das famílias, que é uma instituição social complexa e com conflitos procuramos, via as entrevistas com roteiro semi-estruturado, observar como após essa mudança abrupta, decorrente da deficiência e de responsabilidades pré-definidas pela instituição estão se sentindo nesse momento. Contudo, para apreender essa realidade há de se entender como a sociedade contemporânea e essas pessoas lidam com essas mudanças ocasionadas pela deficiência física. Estudamos, ainda, a Política de Saúde Brasileira, a Reforma Sanitária, a implementação do SUS e pensando esta política social voltada ao atendimento das famílias, através da Constituição Brasileira de 1988, do SUAS e a relação do Estado com a legislação em saúde da pessoa com deficiência. O estudo dessa temática visa ampliar o conhecimento do Serviço Social e dos profissionais de saúde sobre o contexto dessas pessoas, oportunizando o conhecimento e os desafios enfrentados por esse grupo social. Assim, foi realizada uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, com entrevistas semi-estruturadas aplicada a 30 pessoas: 10 familiares, 10 clientes e 10 profissionais da equipe de reabilitação.

Compreender como ocorre determinada ocupação e organização do espaço pelo homem nos impõe o desafio da redução ou restrição, sem perder de vista o conjunto de complexidades que envolve a questão ambiental. Para isso, é preciso levar em consideração as especificidades das ocupações e as condições naturais do ambiente, observando em que contexto histórico ocorrem, quais os tipos de degradação ambiental que já são visíveis e de que forma o poder público responde no atendimento de necessidades que surgem em áreas onde ocorrem tais fenômenos, como é o caso do Porto das Catraias, área estudada em Tabatinga (AM). A base teórica desta pesquisa foi fundamentada em alguns princípios da Teoria Geral dos Sistemas, proposta por Bertalanffy, no conceito de paisagem e na observação dos fatores selecionados, que se constituíam tanto de elementos físicos, que nos possibilitaram examinar a caracterização física geomorfológica e biogeográfica, como também daqueles elementos que evidenciavam efeitos das ações humanas, buscando retratar como ocorre a ocupação e a organização do espaço pelo homem, possibilitando a compreensão dos padrões intrincados nessas interrelações que caracterizam paisagísticamente uma determinada área. Este estudo analisou como vem ocorrendo a construção paisagística do Porto das Catraias, considerando seus vários momentos e seus aspectos históricos e ambientais, identificando as principais relações sociais e naturais que ocorrem nesta área e em seu entorno. / To understand the humans approach to occupy and organize the space imposes the challenge of reduction or restriction of this theme, without losing sight of the set of complexities that environmental questions involve. For this is necessary to take in consideration the specificities of the occupation, the natural conditions of the environment, and historical context. The categories of environmental degradation and the attendance of necessities by public administration must be also considered. These aspects were considered in the area studied: Port of Catraias, at Tabatinga City (Amazonas State, Brazil). The theoretical support of this research was based on some principles of the General Systems Theory (Bertalanffy), concept of landscape, and the observation of the selected factors: physical elements, such as the geomorphological and biogeographical description, and others elements that evidenced the effects of the human actions to understand the process of the space occupation and organization by human. Thus, it made possible to understand of the complex patterns in these interactions which characterize the landscape. This study analyzed the process of the configuration of the Port of Catraias landscape, which considered some moments and its historical and environmental aspects, and this study also identified the most important social and natural relationships that occur in this area and its neighborhood.

The thesis is dedicated to intimate relationships of people with schizophrenic disorder (F20). The aim of this study was to determine the importance of intimate relationships attributed by women and men with schizophrenia in young adulthood. Their experience, ideals and expectations of partnership were also investigated. The theoretical part is divided into three parts. The first chapter describes the illness of schizophrenia, its characteristics, etiology, epidemiology, symptoms, deficits in cognitive and social functioning as well as current treatments oriented at psychosocial intervention. In the second chapter, the topic of partnerships of common people is presented. The third chapter describes the theme of partnerships in persons with schizophrenic disorder itself. The empirical part is based on qualitative methodology. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 11 respondents, investigating intimate relationships and sexuality of people with schizophrenia. The results are properly described and afterwards discussed with the available literature. In the conclusion, it is recommended further research and intervention in social relationships among people with schizophrenia.

A diversificação das atividades produtivas e sociais é uma realidade da agricultura familiar brasileira. O processamento da produção agropecuária e a inserção do produto agroindustrial nos mercados são formas desta diversificação. Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo descrever as relações que formam a rede social dos mercados de proximidade, ou seja, demonstrar as relações que as ARFs mantêm com outros agentes para realizar as ações de troca e comercialização de produtos agroindustriais. A região estudada compreende os municípios que compõe o Corede Jacuí Centro: Cachoeira do Sul, Cerro Branco, Novo Cabrais, Paraíso do Sul, Restinga Seca, São Sepé e Vila Nova do Sul. O estudo caracterizouse como exploratório-descritivo, com a coleta de informações secundárias e primárias. As informações do IBGE sobre as indústrias rurais serviram de suporte para definir o número de entrevistas que seriam efetuadas em cada município. Foram realizadas 41 entrevistas, com o auxílio de um formulário semiestruturado e diários de campo. Utilizou-se de metodologia qualitativa (análise de conteúdo) e quantitativa (medidas de dispersão: média aritmética simples e desvio padrão; medidas de localização: máximo e mínimo) para a análise dos dados. A formação social da rede dos mercados de proximidade envolve interações dos produtores com atores de instituições e da comunidade, com intermediários, pontes de inserção, consumidores e demais agentes da sociedade civil. Destaca-se a venda direta para consumidores urbanos, representando uma média de 51% da produção vendida, cujas formas de comercialização são: de porta em porta, por encomenda, em feiras, em eventos e na propriedade. Nas relações de comercialização e trocas com parentes e vizinhos, as famílias comercializam uma média de 14% e 1%, respectivamente. Estas interações são evidenciadas pela troca de produtos, matéria-prima e serviços na atividade agroindustrial. Quanto às relações comerciais com as pontes de inserção e intermediários, correspondem a 19% e 15% da produção vendida, respectivamente. Para os agricultores, as características de diferenciação dos seus produtos são: o natural, o jeito de fazer, o sabor, o trabalho do agricultor para produzir, o preço, a certificação SIM e a produção ecológica. Dentre as inovações destacamse: a embalagem, a consistência, o tempero, os sabores, a produção light, o tamanho, a concentração do produto e a modificação da receita. / The diversification of the social and productive activities is what usually happens in the Brazilian household agriculture. The agricultural production processing and the agro industrial product insertion in the markets are manners of this diversification. This paper had as main objective to describe the relations that constitute the social networking of the proximity markets to the change and merchandising of the agroindustrial products. The region studied comprehends the cities that belong to Corede Jacuí Centro: Cachoeira do Sul, Cerro Branco, Novo Cabrais, Paraíso do Sul, Restinga Seca, São Sepé and Vila Nova do Sul. This study was characterized as an exploratory-descriptive analysis, with the gathering of secondary and primary information. The data about agrobusiness provided by IBGE gave a support to define the number of interviews that would be done in each city. 41 interviews have been accomplished, with the assistance of a semi-structured form and field diaries. Qualitative methodology has been used (content analysis) and quantitative (disperse measurements: simple arithmetic average and standard deviation; localization measurements: maximum and minimum) for the data analysis. The social formation of the proximate market networking involves interactions of the producers with actors of institutions and the community, with middlemen, insertion bridges, consumers and other agents of the civil society. The direct sale to the urban consumer has been highlighted, representing an average of 51% of the sold production, whose merchandising forms are: door to door, by order, at fairs, at events and at the property. In the relationships of marketing and exchanges with relatives and neighbors, the families commercialized an average of 14% and 1% respectively. These interactions are spotlighted by the exchange of products, raw material, and services at the agroindustrial activity. Concerned with the commercial relationship with the insertion bridges and middlemen, it corresponds to 19% and 15% of the commercialized production, respectively. According to the peasants, the characteristics that differ their products are: the natural, the way to make, the flavor, the farmer’s work to produce, the price, the SIM certification and the ecological production. Among the innovations some are pointed out: the package, the consistency, the seasoning, the flavors, the light production, the size, the product concentration and the recipe modification.

Researchers have examined social relationships as a basic need, showing that being well integrated in a network of social ties is related to various positive health outcomes including reduced mortality and risk behavior (e.g. reduced alcohol consumption). Conversely, a lack of strong social ties is related to negative outcomes including depression, suicide, and substance use (Berkman & Syme, 1979; Durkheim, 1951; Sarason, Sarason, & Gurung, 2001). Loneliness, a negative affective experience resulting from relationship deficits, is related to similar health outcomes as social isolation including depression and problematic alcohol use (Cacioppo, Hawkley, Crawford et al., 2002). However, research to date examining loneliness and health behavior has predominantly employed cross-sectional measures (e.g. UCLA Loneliness Scale; Russell, Peplau, & Cutrona, 1980), therefore failing to capture more fluctuating experiences of and responses to loneliness which may signify maladaptive patterns of coping behavior (Hawkley, Burleson, Bernston, & Cacioppo, 2003; Shankur, McMunn, Banks, & Steptoe, 2011). The purpose of this present study was to examine responses to daily loneliness (i.e. social and solitary alcohol consumption) as a function of social integration and gender, through a secondary analysis of data collected in a larger daily process study. Results indicated that daytime loneliness predicted evening increases in solitary consumption and decreases in social consumption. Further, these within-person effects were influenced by gender and social integration. These findings provide a unique understanding of specific processes by which social relationships, or the perceived lack thereof, influence health and more specifically, mood-related health behavior.

This narrative inquiry explores the social experiences of four students with disabilities who were educated in four co-educational secondary schools in New Zealand. Over a period of two academic years, four students told their stories of their transition to high school and their experiences of friendships and social relationships in their classrooms, playground, and after school venues. Their parents, siblings, peers, principals, teachers, and teacher aides were also interviewed and together with school observations and relevant documents provide a holistic perspective to the students’ stories. The students’ stories are foregrounded and re-presented in poetic form. Analysis of each student’s accounts are developed within a socio-cultural context that examines contextual factors that shape, support, or create barriers to their friendships and social relationships. These analyses are written as narrative responses within an ethic of caring. The research discusses the nature of social relationships between students with disabilities, and between students with and without disabilities, including bullying and rejection; contextual factors such as gender that shape students’ perceptions of each other; and aspects of curriculum and pedagogy that support or hinder social relationships. The agency of individual students in the processes of social relationships are analysed, and implications for further research outlined. The study concludes that there are personal and socio-ecological factors that impact on the social experiences of students with disabilities. The findings suggest the need for teachers to examine values, attitudes, knowledge, and pedagogy in the context of their schools and adopt a multilevel approach to address the academic and social needs of all students.

<p>Föreningsengagemang, sociala relationer och stress är ofta omnämnda tillsammans och relateras ofta till varandra. Eftersom befintlig forskning är begränsad vad gäller sambanden dem emellan, var det av intresse att undersöka dessa. Syftet med studien var att kartlägga föreningsengagemang bland högskolestudenter på en högskola i södra Sverige samt undersöka eventuella samband mellan föreningsengagemang, sociala relationer och stress. Metoden för studien var deduktiv med ett kvantitativt angreppssätt. Enkäter med frågor om föreningsengagemang, stress och sociala relationer genomfördes på 230 studenter. Att avsluta snarare än att påbörja föreningsengagemang var vanligare vid högskolestudier. Aktivitet i idrottsförening innebar lägre grad av upplevd stress. Studenter som var tillfreds med sitt umgänge, upplevde att de har vänner som visar stort intresse för det hon/ han gör samt umgås dagligen med vänner upplever lägre grad av stress. En slutsats kan vara att börja studera på högskola har en negativ inverkan på föreningsengagemang. Att vara aktiv i en idrottsförening samt att ha goda sociala relationer har en positiv inverkan på studenters upplevelse av stress. Denna nya kunskap kan användas vid arbete med och rådgivning till stressade studenter. Studien kan även informera högskolor om att fysiska aktiviteter genom skolan kan ha en positiv inverkan för studenters psykiska hälsa.</p> / <p>Extracurricular participation, social relationships and stress is often mentioned together and are related to each other. Because of insufficient research of the correlation between these three, there was an interest to study this subject. The aim for this study was to investigate the degree of extracurricular participation among college students and also to investigate potential correlations between extracurricular participation, social relationships and stress. The method for this study was deductive whit a quantitative approach. A questionnaire about extracurricular participation, social relationships and stress was performed among 230 college students. The result showed that withdrawal from extracurricular activities was more common among students than to begin. Students who were active in sport associations experienced lower stress than students that did not participate in sport associations. The result also showed correlations between the student’s satisfaction with their friends and how they reported stress. Students who felt that their friends show them a big interest also reported lower stress. Also students who meet their friends on daily basis reported lower stress. A conclusion could be that entering college has a negative influence on extracurricular participation. Involvement in sport activities and to have satisfying social relationships has a positive influence on students stress. This knowledge can be used for work and guidance of stressed college students. This study can also inform colleges that physical extracurricular participation can have a positive influence on student’s mental health.</p>

<p>Studiens syfte är att undersöka insatsers utfall för missbruksklienter efter avslutad vistelse på behandlingshem/ familjehem. Ett delsyfte är också att undersöka några variablers inverkan på utfallet samt hur dokumentationen ser ut. Utifrån detta har vi formulerat följande frågeställningar. (1) Hur har insatserna utfallit i stort? (2) Hur har sociala relationer beskrivits i anslutning till detta? (3) Hur har klientens delaktighet och motivation beskrivits? (4) Hur har den samlade dokumentationen av insatserna fungerat? För att besvara dessa har 14 akter studerats, metoden har varit såväl kvalitativ som kvantitativ. Resultatet visar att sex av klienterna har en förbättrad missbrukssituation sex månader efter avslutad behandling. Andelen kvinnor är ansenligt större än andelen män som har förbättrad missbrukssituation. Tidigare forskning gällande sociala relationer och motivation har visat att dessa variabler har betydelse för utfallet. Gällande sociala relationer tycks det i vår studie ha haft betydelse för missbrukssituationen. I det material vi har tagit del av har dokumentationen varit bristfällig varför vi har haft svårt att besvara frågeställningarna. Vår studie framhåller vikten av systematiska metoder för dokumentation då detta är en förutsättning för utvärdering och vidareutveckling av socialtjänstens verksamhet. Vidare framhålls betydelsen av att arbeta och dokumentera med klientens sociala relationer och behandlingsmotivation, detta för att påverka utfall i positiv riktning.</p> / <p>The purpose of this study is to examine the results of substance abusers after they have completed their visit in an institution/foster home. Parts of the purpose are to examine specific variables and their effects on the results as well as what the documentation looks like. From this we have formulated these following questions. (1) Generally, what have these efforts resulted in? (2) How have the social relationships been described in connection to this? (3) How has the client’s participation and motivation been described? (4) How has the collected documentation of these efforts been functioning? To answer these questions 14 files have been studied and the method has been both qualitative and quantitative. Our findings show that the result, regarding the abuse situation, has improved six months after completed treatment for six of the clients. The proportion women are considerably larger than the proportion of men with improved abuse situation. Previous research regarding social relationships and motivation has shown that these variables have significance for the result. Our findings regarding social relationships show that they were of importance for the abuse situation. The documentation in our research material has been insufficient and this has led to difficulties when trying to answer our questions. This study points out the importance of systematic methods of documenting because this is a prerequisite for the social services to be able to evaluate and to develop their activity. It seems like documenting and working with the client’s social relationships and motivation for treatment could influence the result to a more positive outcome.</p>

<p>The purpose of this examination paper is to get an understanding as an upcoming teacher about how friends make an important impact on children’s identity development in school, their choice of friends circle and what kind of groups there can occur among them. With a deeper comprehension of these circumstances should an educationalist be more considerate and adapt his or hers education to prevent negative group formations and to be an outsider. To achieve my results I used a qualitative research method where I through observation handpicked eight students from upper level of compulsory school with different friend circles from two classes for further interviews. Beside this I observed students in their school environment for three days. My conclusion by this research is that, the society, the school and the home are three very important factors that make big impact on children’s identity development. Even friendship has an important role on their development. Children choose their friends though common interest which can lead to group formations where negative group formations can occur.</p>

Bakgrund: Det finns en tid av väntan före döden. För att kunna vänta på döden krävs det från individen en acceptans och medvetenhet kring att man ska dö.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa patienters upplevelse av väntan när de befinner sig i ett palliativt skede. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie av tre biografier, Den utmätta tiden, Tisdagarna med Morrie och Ro utan åror. En teoristyrd analys utifrån de sex S:n, samt en systematisk textkondensering användes. Resultat: I analysen framkom två teman: Viktiga inslag i väntan på döden och Reflektioner kring liv och död. Det framkom att väntan är en process med fyra stadier: Acceptans, Väntan på sjukdomens väg, Förberedande inför döden och När bara väntan finns kvar. De två teman finns genomgående i de tre första stadierna. Diskussion: I diskussionen speglas resultatet mot bakgrunden och egna reflektioner påtalas. Diskussionen avslutas med reflektioner kring hur studien kan kopplas till sjuksköterskans perspektiv.