No contexto do semiárido brasileiro, a análise das estratégias de convivência com o clima da região é um caminho fecundo para discutir o potencial de resiliência às mudanças climáticas. Há evidências de que a participação em organizações sociais e o uso de práticas agroecológicas de produção tornam os sistemas produtivos mais resilientes a adversidades climáticas. A pesquisa analisou estratégias de convivência com o semiárido de 48 famílias de agricultoras e agricultores, divididas em 2 grupos com diferentes níveis de participação social e uso de práticas agroecológicas. A análise foi realizada com base em 48 indicadores elaborados participativamente. Um dos resultados da pesquisa foi o desenvolvimento de um método de elaboração participativa de indicadores, que possibilitou alcançar resultados que dialogam com o conhecimento que os próprios agricultores e agricultoras desenvolveram ao longo de gerações sobre seus modos de vida e sistema de produção. A quantidade e detalhamento dos indicadores elaborados sobre os temas: água, produção animal e participação social destacam a importância dos temas no contexto analisado. Os resultados ainda evidenciam que os indicadores nos quais há alta performance em mais de 80% das famílias avaliadas estão vinculados a políticas públicas relativas ao acesso à água (proximidade de fontes de água, existência de fontes de água perenes e de cisternas de consumo), assistência técnica e produção de caprinos, destacando a relevância do papel do estado na promoção da convivência e da resiliência. Por outro lado, os indicadores nos quais mais de 80% das famílias avaliadas obtiveram baixa performance apontam temas que ainda precisam do apoio de políticas públicas e de organizações sociais para serem desenvolvidos, sendo eles: área de Caatinga por cabeça animal, existência de banco de sementes comunitário, nível de dependência dos canais de comercialização, existência de reuso de águas cinzas e registro de informações. Já a análise da diferença entre os grupos e correlação com demais indicadores, torna evidente que a participação social em grupos voltados à regularização fundiária e a manifestações culturais relacionadas à temática agrícola ou ambiental tem peso relevante na evolução dos sistemas produtivos, incluindo uso de práticas agroecológicas. Também se identificou que a maior capacidade de armazenamento de água para consumo humano correlaciona-se a melhores performances em práticas de conservação da Caatinga, que é a base do sistema de produção animal na região. Do mesmo modo, a maior diversidade de produção animal diminue a probabilidade de criação de animais não adaptados ao contexto climático da região. Assim, verifica-se que a ampliação das capacidades de convivência com o semiárido e de resiliência às mudanças no clima passa pela promoção de políticas públicas voltadas ao contexto da agricultura familiar na região, com destaque ao tema água e produção animal, e pode ser especialmente potencializada por estratégias de ampliação e fortalecimento da participação social. / In the context of the Brazilian semi-arid region, the analysis of the strategies of coexistence with the region´s climate is a fertile way to discuss the potential of resilience to climate change. There is evidence that participation in social organizations and the use of agroecological practices of production make productive systems more resilient to climatic adversities. The research analyzed strategies of coexistence with the semi-arid region of 48 families of family farmers, divided into 2 groups with different levels of social participation and use of agroecological practices. The analysis was based on 48 participatory indicators. One of the results of the research was the development of a method of participatory elaboration of indicators, which allowed to reach results that dialogue with the knowledge that farmers themselves have developed over generations on their ways of life and production system. The quantity and detail of the indicators elaborated on the themes: water, animal production and social participation, highlight the importance of the themes in the analyzed context. The results also show that the indicators in which there is a high performance in more than 80% of the families evaluated are linked to public policies related to water access (proximity of water sources, existence of perennial water sources and consumption cistern), technical assistance and production of goats, highlighting the relevance of the role of the state in promoting coexistence and resilience. On the other hand, the indicators in which more than 80% of the evaluated families obtained low performance, point out themes that still need the support of public policies and social organizations to be developed, are them: Caatinga area by animal head, existence of bank of community seeds, level of dependence on commercialization channels, existence of gray water reuse and information recording. In addition, the analysis of the difference between the groups and the correlation with other indicators makes it clear that social participation in groups aimed at land regularization and cultural manifestations related to agricultural or environmental issues has a relevant influence on the evolution of production systems, including the use of agroecological practices. It was also identified that the greater water storage capacity for human consumption correlates with better performance in Caatinga conservation practices, which is the basis of the animal production system in the region. Likewise, the greater diversity of animal production reduces the likelihood of raising animals that are not adapted to the region\'s climate context. Thus, the expansion of the capacities of living with the semi-arid region and resilience to the changes in the climate, goes through the promotion of public policies focused on the context of family agriculture in the region, with emphasis on the theme of water and animal production, and can be especially potencialized by strategies to increase and strengthen social participation.

It is widely recognized that landmines pose a significant threat to the development and recovery of post-conflict societies. What is less well understood is the impact that these weapons have on the everyday lives and wellbeing of affected people and the environments in which they live. This thesis therefore seeks to deepen this understanding by presenting the findings from community-level qualitative research undertaken in Cambodia, one of the most heavily mined countries in the world. I argue that it is essential to consider the effect that landmines have on people, the environments in which they live, and the relationships between people and environment. In order to explore this, I build on the notion of ‘wellbeing ecology’ introduced by White & Jha (2014). Wellbeing ecology is a place-sensitive approach that considers the inter-connected and dynamic social, economic, emotional, physical and spiritual relationships that people have with each other and their environments over time. By their very presence, landmines represent a threat to both social and natural systems. They also reconstitute people’s experience of place. I explore this in particular through the notion of contaminated landscapes, which draws on and takes forward work on therapeutic landscapes in health geography. My data reveals that local people and mine action actors understand the effects of landmines differently. While mine action actors focus predominantly on material impact, local people conceptualise landmine impact in a more holistic way, referring to its social, emotional, spiritual, psychological and physical meanings. Data from the village highlights the importance of place for wellbeing, revealing that living in a contaminated landscape negatively affects people’s quality of life materially, relationally and subjectively. This demonstrates how a wellbeing ecology approach can usefully add to the understanding of the experience of living with landmines and the effect this has on quality of life.

Low birth weight (LBW) is a major public health concern globally. Despite its negative social and economic impact on the family and community at large, it has remained relatively unexplored at population level in Zimbabwe. The purpose of the study was to establish determinants of LBW using data from the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey. The socioecological model was the conceptual framework for the study. A secondary analysis was conducted on 4,227 mother-infant dyads. Independent variables were duration of pregnancy, number of births within the past 5-year period, exposure to mass media, type of fuel used for cooking in the household, and intimate partner violence. Covariates were maternal age at delivery, place of residence, anemia, marital status, education, wealth index, ever terminated pregnancy, infant sex, and alcohol consumption. For parsimony, statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 at the 95% confidence interval (CI). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that mild maternal anemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.83 CI 1.17-2.87 p = 0.01), moderate to severe anemia (aOR 1.80 CI 1.01-3.19 p = 0.05), and being a female neonate (aOR 1.48 CI 1.17-2.87 p = 0.008) had higher odds for LBW. Pregnancy duration of 8 months (aOR 0.01 CI 0.003-0.039 p < 0.001) and of 9 months (aOR 0.12 CI 0.04-0.33 p = 0.001) had lower odds for LBW. Birth of 2 infants within a 5-year period (aOR 2.40 CI 1.24-4.66 p = 0.01) was associated with LBW. Implications for positive social change include coming up with a health policy on the management of anemia during pregnancy and health promotion messages to promote optimal birth spacing, including strategies that reduce chances for preterm deliveries.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-11-05T13:23:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TÂNIA MARIA DE ANDRADE - TESE (PPGRN) 2011.pdf: 3063055 bytes, checksum: 5a7c7a3429d794893caf477d824d23b6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-05T13:23:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TÂNIA MARIA DE ANDRADE - TESE (PPGRN) 2011.pdf: 3063055 bytes, checksum: 5a7c7a3429d794893caf477d824d23b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-19 / CNPq / A resiliência socioecológica possui uma relação proporcional e direta com a sustentabilidade. Isto significa que quanto maior for a sustentabilidade de um sistema socioecológico mais resiliente ele se torna e vice-versa. Esta pesquisa tem como proposta principal avaliar as contribuições da resiliência socioecológica na sustentabilidade e no desenvolvimento local sustentável em contexto de atividades primárias de caráter familiar. Tomou por referência a comunidade de Acaú, distrito do município de Pitimbu-PB, mesorregião da Mata Paraibana. A pesquisa apresentou como percurso metodológico uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a temática resiliência com ênfase na resiliência socioecológica. Os principais autores que inspiraram teoricamente esta pesquisa foram Adger (2000, 2007); Holling (1978, 1996, 2000, 2002); Leff (2001, 2004), fenômeno em estudo. A pesquisa se caracterizou como qualitativa sendo descritiva e exploratória numa abordagem reflexiva. Seguiu a metodologia de estudo de caso em função da necessidade de se aplicar um conjunto de métodos, técnicas e variáveis necessárias para que a análise qualitativa do contexto socioecológico adotada como campo de observação fosse alcançada. Para a análise qualitativa, adotou-se a análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2010) e análise de discurso (PÊCHEUX, 2008). Em termos teóricos este estudo focalizou-se na resiliência socioecológica, no desenvolvimento local sustentável e nos indicadores de sustentabilidade. Tomando por base os resultados da aplicação do sistema de indicadores de sustentabilidade PEIR, a comunidade de Acaú, no contexto atual, encontra-se em uma condição desfavorável para a sustentabilidade e o desenvolvimento local. Entretanto, em relação à resiliência, critérios, cujas relações são positivas ao fortalecimento da resiliência socioecológica, formam o Núcleo de Interseção (NI). Estes critérios ou variáveis foram: saber local (técnica e valores), confiança, solidariedade (integração), memória social (identidade local), conservação (ato de conservar – identidade e biodiversidade) e criatividade (processos criativos e adaptativos às mudanças). Conclui-se que no universo humano, embora sejam diversificadas as adversidades e necessidades de enfrentamentos às mudanças, a resiliência socioecológica, por ser uma variável que funciona através de mecanismos simultâneos internos e externos ao processo de organização de um organismo, seja em nível micro, meso ou macro, representa a força interior que nutre a capacidade de superação das dificuldades para adaptar-se às demandas externas. Ressalta-se que as influências externas provocam mudanças cujos ajustes permitem ser sustentáveis se respeitados os fatores intrínsecos relacionados aos valores identitários de cada contexto humano. Verificou-se que os critérios determinantes do NI da resiliência socioecológica, apontados pelos atores sociais, são fatores determinantes no fortalecimento da resiliência socioecológica, variável central da sustentabilidade e, por conseguinte, do desenvolvimento local sustentável. / Socioecological resilience presents a proportional and direct relation with sustainability. This means that the higher the sustainability of a socioecological system is, more resilient it becomes and vice-versa. This research aims at evaluating the contributions of socioecological resilience concerning sustainability and local sustainable development in context of primary activities of familiar character. It had as reference Acaú community, district of Pitimbu-PB, mesoregion of Paraíba´s Forest. The research presented as methodological perspective a bibliographical review about resilience, as theme, with emphasis on socioecological resilience. The main authors who theoretically inspired this research were Adger (2000, 2007); Holling (1978; 1996; 2000; 2002); Leff (2001, 2004), phenomenon in study. It is characterized as a qualitative research being, at the same time, descriptive and exploratory a reflective approach. The methodology focused on case study due to the need to employ a set of methods, techniques and variables essential for the qualitative analysis of the socioecological context, adopted as observation field, to be attained. For the qualitative analysis, both content analysis (BARDIN, 2010) and discourse analysis (PÊCHEUX, 2008) were adopted. In theoretical terms, this study was based on socioecological resilience, local sustainable development and sustainability indicators. Taking into account the results of the system employment of PEIR sustainability indicators, Acaú community, in the present context, is in an unfavorable condition for sustainability and its local development. However, in relation to resilience, criteria, whose relations are positive to the strengthening of socioecological resilience, form the Intersection Nucleus (IN). Such criteria or variables were: local knowledge (technique and values), trustworthiness, solidarity (integration), social memory (local identity), preservation (act of preserving – identity and biodiversity) and creativity (creative and adaptive processes to changes). It can be concluded that in human universe, though adversities and needs for facing changes are diversified, socioecological resilience, as a variable which functions by means of internal and external simultaneous mechanisms to the organization process of an organism, either in micro, meso or macro level, represents inner strength which nourishes the capacity for overcoming difficulties in order to adapt itself to external demands. It is highlighted that external influences cause changes whose adjustments are sustainable once intrinsic factors related to identity values, from each human context, are respected. It was verified that IN determinant criteria of socioecological resilience, pointed out by social actors, are determinant factors concerning strengthening of socioecological resilience, central variable of sustainability and, consequently of local sustainable development.

Submitted by BÁRBARA PACHECO CARITA SIMOES LOPES null (ba.lopes08@gmail.com) on 2017-06-27T19:42:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Barbara_Lopes_dissertacao completa_27jun.pdf: 4435164 bytes, checksum: 61bb45f0c38920856efe44492223bdf5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-06-28T20:06:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_bpcs_me_bot.pdf: 4435164 bytes, checksum: 61bb45f0c38920856efe44492223bdf5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-28T20:06:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_bpcs_me_bot.pdf: 4435164 bytes, checksum: 61bb45f0c38920856efe44492223bdf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As plantas medicinais constituem um domínio essencial na medicina e saúde indígena. As questões de saúde e doença na medicina indígena implicam conexões entre natureza, cultura, questões físicas e espirituais. Para os Kaxinawá, as doenças não possuem causas únicas, sendo produzidas por um conjunto de forças internas e externas, enquanto os desenvolvimentos físico, mental, emocional e espiritual estão relacionados entre si. Este trabalho busca compreender os elementos presentes na medicina Kaxinawá, apresentando características relacionadas à manipulação das plantas de uso medicinal em processos de saúde e doença. Assim, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é realizar um levantamento etnobotânico das plantas medicinais utilizadas pelos Kaxinawá e, por meio de seu registro, contribuir para o fortalecimento da resiliência do sistema tradicional de saúde indígena envolvido. Esta pesquisa realiza-se com a participação das cinco comunidades da Terra Indígena Kaxinawá de Nova Olinda (TIKNO), no Alto Rio Envira, município de Feijó - AC, Brasil. A coleta dos dados foi realizada em quatro viagens de campo, por meio da observação participante e de 41 entrevistas semi-estruturadas para o levantamento das informações socioculturais dos/as participantes, e das plantas medicinais com a técnica da lista livre. A análise de dados foi quali-quantitativa. Foram utilizados parâmetros da etnobotânica quantitativa e a criação de categorias analíticas de agrupamento em função dos usos das plantas medicinais listadas. A alimentação está intimamente relacionada à saúde e foi percebida uma forte relação entre os usos das plantas e as figuras de animais que perfazem a caça consumida. As características dos alimentos e contextos individuais ou sociais podem determinar sintomas ou doenças e relacionam-se ao diagnóstico e à escolha do remédio utilizado. A partir de um primeiro olhar sobre os usos etnobotânicos das plantas medicinais na TIKNO, sua riqueza e abrangência, é possível perceber o reflexo da apropriação sociocultural da biodiversidade local e da cosmovisão Kaxinawá no entendimento de saúde e doença. As práticas para manutenção da saúde enfatizam a importância das plantas medicinais e do conhecimento tradicional dos Kaxinawá, o que também evidencia a relevância de seu registro. / Medicinal plants are a fundamental domain in Indigenous Medicine and health. Health and sickness matters in the Indigenous Medicine imply in connections among Nature, Culture, physical and spiritual subjects. For the Kaxinawá, diseases are not related to a single root, but are originated in a series of internal and external forces, as the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual developments are linked. The present study envoys to comprehend the elements present in the Kaxinawá Medicine, presenting characteristics related to the medicinal plants in health and sickness processes. Therefore, the objective of this study is to attain a ethnobotanical data collection regarding medicinal plants employed by the Kaxinawá and, through such record, to contribute to the strengthening of the related traditional indigenous health system resilience. This research was accomplished through the involvement of four communities from the Terra Indígena Kaxinauá de Nova Olinda (TIKNO), in the Alto Rio Envira, in the city of Feijó – AC, Brazil. Data collection was done through participating observation and 41 semi-structured interviews for the listing of sociocultural information of the participants, and for the medicinal plants the free listing technic was employed. Data analysis was quali-quantitative. Quantitative Ethnobotany parameters and the analytical categorization of grouping regarding employ functions of the listed medicinal plants were applied. Medicinal plants, for the Kaxinauá, are the equivalent for “Medicine”. Eating is intimately related to health and a strong relation between plant usage and animal models that represent the consumed game animal was noticed. Food characteristics and individual or social contexts can determine symptoms or diseases and are related to the diagnosis and medicine choice. From a first glance on the ethnobotanic usage of medicinal plants in the TIKNO, their richness and coverage, the repercussion of the local biodiversity sociocultural appropriation and the Kaxinauá worldview on health and disease can be perceived. The practices for health maintenance stress the medicinal plants and the Kaxinawá traditional knowledge importance, as well as the relevance of such record.

[pt] A região de Guaratiba apresenta, em sua história, períodos que marcam diferentes cenários socioecológicos. Ao longo de quase cinco séculos de ocupação e consequentes processos de transformação da paisagem, cenários ecológicos tornaram-se áreas produtivas, residenciais e de transição urbana. Essa historicidade constitui elemento-chave que permite a compreensão das vulnerabilidades locais e riscos associados. Esta pesquisa, portanto, tem como objetivo mapear e analisar vulnerabilidade e risco socioecológico na área contemplada por este estudo. Esse trabalho foi possível através da investigação da história de uso, ocupação e transformação da paisagem nessa área, da identificação de áreas vulneráveis, bem como da classificação dos riscos socioecológicos. Assim, estabeleceram-se três etapas metodológicas, nas quais foram: (1) analisados os processos históricos de uso e ocupação das terras em Guaratiba; (2) delimitadas Unidades Socioecológicas da Paisagem, com o intuito de tentar compreender os níveis atuais de heterogeneidade da área de estudo; por fim, (3) modelados e classificados os riscos sociecológicos. Essa análise levou ao entendimento de uma classificação socioecológica dos riscos, reconhecendo que tais eventos só podem ser compreendidos a partir da presença humana perante a pertinência de eventos que possam ferir os grupos expostos. Como resultado da análise espacial, quatro das seis unidades socioecológicas da paisagem apresentaram locais com tendência a riscos: USEP 2, USEP 4, USEP 5 e USEP 6. Tais áreas sugerem riscos socioecológicos do tipo físico relacionados a dinâmicas geomorfológicas e de enchentes, e saúde ambiental devido a dinâmicas de enchentes. / [en] The region of Guaratiba presents throughout its history, periods that mark different socioecological scenarios. After almost five centuries of occupation and consequent processes of landscape transformation, ecological scenarios slowly shifted into productive areas, residences and recent urban sprawl. This historical context becomes a key element in understanding local vulnerabilities and associated risks. Therefore, the research aims to map and analyze the vulnerability and socioecological risk in the study area, through the investigation of land use history and landscape transformation of the study area as well as to identify vulnerable areas and to classify socioecological risks. Three methodological steps were established: (1) the historical processes of land use and occupation in Guaratiba were analyzed through a literature review; (2) delimitation of Socioecological Landscape Units (SLU), in an attempt to understand the current levels of heterogeneity of the study area; and (3) modeling and classification of sociecological risks through systematization of geoprocessing techniques. This analysis led to the understanding of a socioecological classification of risks, recognizing that such events can only be understood from a human perspective before the pertinence of events that could hurt the exposed different groups. As a result of the spatial analysis, four of the six socioecological units of the landscape presented sites with risks: USEP 2, USEP 4, USEP 5 and USEP 6. In this areas suggest socioecological risks physical related to geomorphological and flood dynamics, and environmental health due to flood dynamics.

The purpose of this dissertation is to construct a Korean socioecological ethics based on comparative studies of the Eastern indigenous ecological spirituality of Donghak and the Western creation consciousness of sacramental commons. As this thesis examines the significant similarity between Donghak (initiated by 수운 , Su-woon) and sacramental commons (elaborated by John Hart), it highlights their common socioecological understandings of "interrelatedness," "interdependence," "interaction," and "transformation." In the nineteenth century, before the intrusion of Western modernization into traditional Korean society, Donghak's revolutionary egalitarian thinking included liberating and empowering minjung, the common people. Donghak's radical ideas are precursors of socioecological concepts; its social consciousness has affected contemporary Korean ecological spirituality. By virtue of Donghak's spirituality and consciousness, Korean socioecological ethics might overcome the harm of Western anthropocentric influences. This project envisions a utopian socioecological community and a versatile pedagogical program as a socioecological project in Korean contexts. Although Koreans have experienced a conflict between traditional value systems and Western imported ideologies, eco-community movements have been developed that integrate them. These movements emphasize participation, solidarity, and responsibility for local communities, and aim to change daily life through a transformation of cultural consciousness and contextual conduct. The methodological significance of this dissertation lies in the interreligious and transcultural dialogue between Donghak and sacramental commons. Elements of comparative socioecological ethics--themes of "relational community," "relational consciousness," and "interconnectedness"--in both Donghak and sacramental commons reveal their shared, holistic understanding of a socio-ethical relationship among the divine Spirit, humans, and nature. These comparative constructs suggest how socioecological ethics can restore socioecological relationality to a dynamic unity of the divine and the earthly, the infinite and the finite, transcendence and immanence, universality and particularity, and individuality and diversity. Donghak and sacramental commons emphasize relational socioecological consciousness, the role of divine Spirit, and the importance of practice and projects based on this holistic understanding. Their common creation consciousness can provide a shared socioecological vision and have a transformative role in Korean contexts.

A community initiative to develop and sustain a farmer's market can address insufficient access to fresh and affordable fruits and vegetables for individuals working and residing in a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) designated food desert. This project addressed a particular USDA food desert in South Wood County, Wisconsin. The purpose of this project was to develop and plan for implementation and evaluation of a community-supported farmers market in South Wood County, with the goal to increase access to fruits and vegetables. Project objectives included development of a sustainable community infrastructure to support the market, development of policies and guidelines for creation and sustainment of the market, and development of implementation and evaluation plans for the overall market initiative. In collaboration with an interdisciplinary project team of community stakeholders, the above objectives were met and necessary products and plans were developed to direct the initiative over a 5-year period, with long-term evaluation planning extending to 10 years. The plan has been validated by external scholars with content expertise in the area, approved by the project team, and formally endorsed and approved by the Wood County Health Department. The market initiative has been approved for establishment in the community for the 2015 market season. Rooted in the socioecological model, a community supported farmers market can be a key catalyst for positive social change by improving the health of underserved populations who lack access to fresh, affordable fruits and vegetables. By using existing evidence relevant to the population's needs, the market will address disparities surrounding food access and affordability in a rural community affected by food desert conditions.

This inquiry used an ecojustice education framework and the transformative inquiry methodology to better understand the cultural and linguistic roots of global socioecological crises and to distinguish where ecologically unsustainable root metaphors show up in curricular and educator discourse. I first examined the British Columbia K–7 Science and Social Studies curriculum-as-plan[ned] to identify iterations of three ecologically unsustainable root metaphors of Western industrial culture—anthropocentrism, individualism, and reductionism. Then, 11 inquiry partners responded to written interview questions about how these metaphors appear in their teaching practices; three educators participated in follow-up semistructured interviews. In addition to these contributions, self-study reflections provide another layer to the connections I made among the literature, curriculum, and educator responses. The curriculum made no links between Western culture-language-thought patterns and socioecological crises. Several inquiry partners, however, did identify a relationship between these root metaphors and how the Western world treats the “environment.” Finally, the self-study portion revealed that despite understanding the power of root metaphors to shape our thinking and a deep desire to change, these taken-for-granted assumptions still arise in my teaching. Weaving together these findings, I recommend that future curriculum and teacher education include (a) the teaching of different worldviews to counteract the hegemony of Western industrial culture, (b) the power of language to shape thinking and actions, and (c) strategies to undertake the inner work needed to shift away from these culture-language-thought processes. / Graduate

O Estado do Tocantins possui a totalidade do território inserido na Amazônia Legal, sendo o baixo curso da Bacia do Ribeirão Taquaruçu Grande em Palmas, uma região de agroecossistemas de produção familiar com diversidade biocultural. Todavia, esses agroecossistemas sofreram grandes transformações ocasionadas pela criação de Palmas, que desencadearam reorganização e adaptabilidade nos sistemas. O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi analisar as transformações bioculturais desses agroecossistemas que propiciam a manutenção da diversidade biocultural e a resiliência para a sustentabilidade. Baseou-se numa integração de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos, com arcabouço teórico metodológico da dialética da complexidade sistêmica, resiliência de sistemas socioecológicos, etnoecologia e transdisciplinaridade. Os resultados indicaram os fatores desencadeantes de mudanças ao longo da trajetória da área estudada e os impactos de fatores externos de uma escala maior (regional e nacional) com a qual o sistema focal se relaciona em escalas maiores e menores, alterando sua capacidade adaptativa e a aprendizagem dos sistemas. Foi identificado no complexo biológico-cultural as diversidades: biológica, cultural, agrícola e paisagística que configura a riqueza em sociobiodiversidade dessa região. O sistema de uso da terra é caracterizado por uma longa persistência histórica e uma forte conexão com os sistemas sociais e ambientais que o produzem. Os processos produtivos e os saberes locais que levaram à construção das paisagens são responsáveis pela manutenção da diversidade dos ambientes locais. A estrutura complexa do mosaico de paisagem nessas áreas é uma ilustração exemplar da diversidade biocultural. A avaliação de resiliência apontou indicadores bioculturais nos quais o sistema se manteve resiliente na manutenção da diversidade biocultural apesar das transformações ocorridas após a urbanização, todavia, essa resiliência não levou à sustentabilidade dos agroecossistemas com risco de perda de saberes locais não transmitidos intergeracionalmente. Para a sustentabilidade é necessária uma gestão adaptativa que inclua o uso racional dos bens comuns e os saberes para a criação de políticas públicas voltadas para as necessidades locais. / The Tocantins State has the totality of its territory inserted into the Brazilian Legal Amazon and it has in it the small stream of Taquaruçu Grande Basin in the city of Palmas, a region of agroecosystems of familiar production and biocultural diversity. However, these agroecosystems suffered such important modifications with the creation of Palmas that caused reorganization and systems adaptability. The main goal of this study was to analyse the biocultural modifications of these agroecosystems which provide the maintenance of the biocultural diversity and the resilience for the sustainability. This study was based on an integration of qualitative and quantitative with the theoretical methodology of dialectics of systemic complexity, resilience of socioecological systems, ethnoecology and transdisciplinarity. The data collected indicated the triggering events of the changes over the trajectory of the studied area and the impacts of external factors of a higher scale (regional and national) in which the focal system is related to higher and lower scales, changing its capability of adaptability and the system learning. In the complex of biologic-cultural, it was also noticed the following diversities: biological, cultural, agricultural and landscape which figure the wealth in socio-biodiversity of this region. The using system of the land is characterized by a long historical persistence and strong connection with the social and environmental system that it can produce. The productive processes and the local knowledge which leaded to the building of the landscape are responsible for the maintenance of local environmental diversity. The complex structure of the mosaic of the landscapes in these areas is an exemplar illustration of biocultural diversity. The resilience evaluation pointed out biocultural indicators in which the system kept itself resilient in the maintenance of biocultural diversity even after the occurred modifications caused by the urbanization, but, this resilience did not lead to sustainability of the agroecosystems with losing risk of local knowledge which were not transmitted across generations. For the sustainability it is necessary an adaptative management which includes the rational using of common goods and knowlege in order to create public policies towards local needs.