Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, August, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. Release of full electronic text on OhioLINK has been delayed until June 30, 2011. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 352-361)

Thesis (MSc (Mathematics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / The main topic of this thesis is the construction of the algebraic geometric codes (Goppa codes), and their decoding by the list-decoding, which allows one to correct beyond half of the minimum distance. We also consider the list-decoding of the Reed–Solomon codes as they are subclass of the Goppa codes, and the determination of the parameters of the non primitive BCH codes. AMS Subject Classification: 4B05, 94B15, 94B35, 94B27, 11T71, 94B65,B70. Keywords: Linear codes, cyclic codes, BCH codes, Reed–Solomon codes, list-decoding, Algebraic Geometric codes, decoding, bound on codes, error probability.

abstract: With tremendous increase in the popularity of networked multimedia applications, video data is expected to account for a large portion of the traffic on the Internet and more importantly next-generation wireless systems. To be able to satisfy a broad range of customers requirements, two major problems need to be solved. The first problem is the need for a scalable representation of the input video. The recently developed scalable extension of the state-of-the art H.264/MPEG-4 AVC video coding standard, also known as H.264/SVC (Scalable Video Coding) provides a solution to this problem. The second problem is that wireless transmission medium typically introduce errors in the bit stream due to noise, congestion and fading on the channel. Protection against these channel impairments can be realized by the use of forward error correcting (FEC) codes. In this research study, the performance of scalable video coding in the presence of bit errors is studied. The encoded video is channel coded using Reed Solomon codes to provide acceptable performance in the presence of channel impairments. In the scalable bit stream, some parts of the bit stream are more important than other parts. Parity bytes are assigned to the video packets based on their importance in unequal error protection scheme. In equal error protection scheme, parity bytes are assigned based on the length of the message. A quantitative comparison of the two schemes, along with the case where no channel coding is employed is performed. H.264 SVC single layer video streams for long video sequences of different genres is considered in this study which serves as a means of effective video characterization. JSVM reference software, in its current version, does not support decoding of erroneous bit streams. A framework to obtain H.264 SVC compatible bit stream is modeled in this study. It is concluded that assigning of parity bytes based on the distribution of data for different types of frames provides optimum performance. Application of error protection to the bit stream enhances the quality of the decoded video with minimal overhead added to the bit stream. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2011

The significance of agriculture to future generations is unparalleled. The United Nations projects the global population to swell to 9.75 billion people by 2050, and to proliferate to 11.2 billion by 2100. The non-agricultural population has little to no understanding or comprehension of the complexities of sustaining a viable agricultural system. Agricultural literacy is an area often unseen and rarely discussed outside specific agricultural disciplines. Society does not view agriculture as being important, yet it is important that society be properly educated on issues in order to reach well-informed decisions and render prudent choices that impact the world around them. Illinois ranks fourth in the nation for agricultural productivity, yet the agricultural literacy of its elementary students is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the agricultural knowledge of selected Illinois classrooms of public elementary school students in kindergarten through fifth grades that employ Agriculture in the Classroom (AITC) methods and materials. A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design, using a pretest and a posttest, was utilized to study. A Solomon Four-Group design analysis was used to determine if pretest sensitization, or test reactivity effect, existed in this study. The study found that AITC treatment and control group students possessed some agricultural knowledge regarding the five thematic areas of the Food and Fiber Systems Literacy (FSSL) Framework. The kindergarten through first grade post mean scores by treatment and theme indicated the treatment group answered 77.89 percent of the questions correctly and the control group answered 72.55 percent correctly. The treatment and control groups were most knowledgeable about Theme 5 (Food, Nutrition and Health) followed by Theme 4 (Business and Economics), with the treatment group being more knowledgeable about Theme 1 (Understanding Food and Fiber Systems), while the control group was more knowledgeable about Theme 3 (Science, Technology and Environment). The treatment and control groups were least knowledgeable about Theme 2 (History, Geography and Culture). The second through third grade post mean scores by treatment and theme indicated the treatment group answered 75.05 percent of the questions correctly and the control group answered 74.07 percent correctly. The treatment group was most knowledgeable about Theme 3 (Science, Technology and Environment) followed by Theme 1 (Understanding Food and Fiber Systems) and Theme 5 (Food, Nutrition and Health). The control group was most knowledgeable about Theme 1 (Understanding Food and Fiber Systems) followed by Theme 3 (Science, Technology and Environment) and Theme 4 (Business and Economics). The treatment and control groups were least knowledgeable about Theme 2 (History, Geography and Culture). The fourth through fifth grade post mean scores by treatment and theme indicated the treatment group answered 66.73 percent of the questions correctly and the control group answered 52.91 percent correctly. The treatment group was most knowledgeable about Theme 2 (History, Geography and Culture) followed by Theme 3 (Science, Technology and Environment) and Theme 5 (Food, Nutrition and Health). The control groups were most knowledgeable about Theme 3 (Science, Technology and Environment) followed by Theme 1 (Understanding Food and Fiber Systems) and Theme 4 (Business and Economics). The treatment was least knowledgeable about Theme 4 (Business and Economics) and Theme 5 (Food, Nutrition and Health). The control group was least knowledgeable about Theme 2 (History, Geography and Culture) followed by Theme 5 (Food, Nutrition and Health).

Brasília, a capital do Brasil, localizada na região Centro-Oeste, nas terras vermelhas do cerrado goiano, destaca-se das demais capitais por seu complexo de belos monumentos, símbolo da arquitetura moderna, de reconhecimento internacional. O primeiro capítulo analisa a ideia da transferência da capital desde o Brasil Colonial até o advento da República. Abordam-se aspectos constitucionais que ampararam a transferência, bem como toda a articulação governamental para justificar a construção da capital, o mais rápido possível no interior do Planalto Central. Brasília, como a metassíntese do Programa de Metas do governo JK desencadeará reações favoráveis e contrárias à sua construção. Torna-se símbolo e a obra mais importante da política nacional-desenvolvimentista. Sua construção é um grande desafio imposto por JK à nação brasileira. O segundo capítulo volta-se para a política de construção salomônica, no qual se relatam a luta inescrupulosa pelo poder e as muitas maquinações do grupo de Salomão para alcançar o trono, usurpando o lugar do legítimo herdeiro. Destacam-se as inúmeras obras arquitetônicas de Salomão que surgem como pano de fundo para desencadear toda uma política de opressão e dominação sobre o povo de Israel e povos estrangeiros. Dá-se ênfase à construção do templo, a mais importante obra do reinado de Salomão que funcionará como um forte motivo religioso para sustentar todo o poderio do monarca, assim como todo o seu aparato estatal. A partir da construção do templo, restabelece-se a relação contratual entre rei e povo, garantindo a Salomão o direito ao tributo. As diversas construções requerem a providência de extensa mão de obra. Salomão recorre à corveia: trabalho forçado para o Estado, que recruta milhares de trabalhadores para atuar à frente das construções. A corveia representou uma enorme exploração do trabalho humano, notadamente para as tribos do Norte e para os povos estrangeiros. O terceiro e último capítulo discorre sobre a situação dos trabalhadores à época da construção de Brasília. Analisa o processo de construção ideológica sobre a mudança e a construção da capital e como essa ideologia a nacionaldesenvolvimentista propaga-se a ponto de convencer e arregimentar milhares de trabalhadores rurais para os canteiros de obras. Analisa ainda as precárias condições de trabalho e os bastidores da construção, que denunciam a profunda espoliação a que estavam submetidos os candangos à época da construção, inclusive submetidos ao trabalho forçado. Para finalizar, estabelece-se um paralelo entre as práticas da monarquia davídica e a política de Juscelino Kubitschek. / Brasília, the capital of Brazil, is located in the Midwest of the country, within the red lands of the Cerrado (savanah) of Goiás, and outstands other capitals because of its beautiful monuments, symbols of modern architecture, as recognized on international level. The first chapter analyses the process of moving the capital since the Colonial period of Brazil up to the Republic. It deals with the constitutional aspects which supported the capital transference, as well as all governmental articulation in order to justify the building of a new capital, as fast as possible, on the Central Plateau. The building of Brasilia, as a meta-synthesis of Kubitscheks (JK) Governance Program, will get supportive as well as contrary reactions. It became a symbol and the most important work of the national development policy. Its construction was a big challenge imposed by JK onto Brazil. The second chapter focuses on Solomons construction policy, where we can find many elements of unscrupulous struggle for domination, many intrigues and manipulations made by Solomons group in order to take the throne, usurping the legitimate heir. It stresses the architectonic works ordered by Solomon which form the background of a policy of oppression and domination over Israel and foreign nations. It emphasizes the construction of the Temple, the most important work of the Solomons Kingdom, which constitutes a strong religious motive in support of the power of the monarch and the whole state apparatus. With the building of the Temple the contractual relationship between the king and the people was reestablished, which gave Solomon the right to charge tribute. The several constructions required an extensive hand labor. Solomon imposes the corvée labor and recruites thousands of workers for his construction projects. The corvée was an enormous exploitation of human labor, imposed especially on the tribes of the North and on foreigners. The third and last chapter speaks about the situation of the workers at the time of Brasilias construction. It analyses the ideological process behind the transference and the construction of a new capital and how this ideology of national development was spread in so powerful a way that it convinced and gathered thousands of rural workers to the construction place. It analyses also the precarious labor conditions and the backstage reality which confirm the deep spoliation lived by the candangos (the first workers to build Brasilia). At the end, this research establishes a parallel between the Davidic Monarchy and the Juscelino Kubitschek government.

Tato diplomová práce se věnuje problematice VLSI návrhu a implementaci vrstvy RS-FEC pro 400 Gb/s Ethernet do FPGA Intel® Stratix® 10 DX 2100. V práci je charakterizován současný stav rychlostí Ethernetu, význam a kontext samoopravných kódů v rámci protokolu Ethernet. Dále je popsána výroba PLD čipů i matematická podstata RS sa moopravných kódů. V části praktické je představen návrh řešení systému RS-FEC, který byl realizován genericky pomocí jazyka VHDL. Zároveň byly jeho komponenty implementovány a v závěrečné diskusi je popsáno jeho řešení, dosažené výsledky včetně jeho budoucího rozšíření.

Diese Arbeit entwickelt aufbauend auf bekannten Resultaten die Modultheorie über der äußeren Algebra in Teilen weiter, insbesondere werden die Tiefe eines Moduls und Moduln mit linearer injektiver Auflösung untersucht. Angewendet werden die Resultate auf die Orlik-Solomon Algebra eines Matroids.

Reed-Solomon codes are a well known family of error-correcting codes with many good properties. However, they require a finite field to operate, limiting the alphabet size to a prime power. In this work, we build a weaker algebraic structure which supports alphabet of any integer size and requires only standard addition, multiplication and division to implement. Then we study a family of error-correcting codes based on matrix multiplication over this structure. We also adapt the Reed-Solomon code principle on this code family and study its properties. We prove and verify experimentally that while a random code of this family has high distance, the Reed-Solomon adaptation fails to perform well. 1

Although philosopher Robert Solomon and rhetorician Kenneth Burke wrote in isolation from one another, they discuss similar concepts and ideas. Since its introduction in Burke's A Rhetoric of Motives, identification has always been important to rhetorical theory, and recent studies in emotion, such as Solomon's, provide new insight into modes of identification—that human beings can identify with one another on an emotional level. This paper places Solomon and Burke in conversation with one another, arguing that both terministic screens and emotions are ways of seeing, acting, engaging, and judging. Hence, terministic screens and emotions affect ethos, or character, both in a specific moment and over periods of time as they are cultivated through habit. Because emotions influence ethos, it is important for a speaker to cultivate the right emotions at the right time—Solomon's notion of emotional integrity. Emotional integrity facilitates Burkean identification between speaker and audience because it enables human beings to see the other as synecdochically related to themselves, a part of the whole. Hence, this paper ultimately argues that a speaker will improve his or her ethos by cultivating emotional integrity.

The harsh radiation environment of space is known to cause bit flips in computer memory. The conventional way to combat this is through error detection and correction (EDAC) circuitry, but for low-budget space missions software EDAC can be used. One such mission is the KTH project Miniature Student Satellite (MIST), which aims to send a 3U CubeSat into low-Earth orbit. To ensure a high level of data reliability on board MIST, this thesis investigates the performance of different types of EDAC algorithms. First, a prediction of the bit flip susceptibility of DRAM memory in the planned trajectory is made. After that, data reliability models of Hamming and Reed-Solomon (RS) codes are proposed, and their respective running times on the MIST onboard computer are approximated. Finally, the performance of the different codes is discussed with regards to data reliability, memory overhead, and CPU usage. The findings of this thesis suggest that using an EDAC algorithm would greatly increase the data reliability. Among the codes investigated, three good candidates are RS(28,24), RS(196,192) and RS(255,251), depending on how much memory overhead can be accepted. / Rymdens strålningsmiljö är känd för att orsaka bitflippar i datorminnen.Vanligtvis motverkas detta genom att felrättande hårdvara installeraspå satelliten, men för lågkostnadssatelliter kan rättningen iställetskötas i mjukvaran. Ett exempel på en sådan satellit är KTH-projektetMiniature Student Satellite (MIST), vars mål är att skicka upp en 3UCubeSat i låg omloppsbana. Den här uppsatsen undersöker hur olika felrättningsalgoritmer kananvändas för att skydda data ombord på satelliten från att bli korrupt. Först görs en uppskattning av hur strålningskänsliga DRAM minnenär i den planerade omloppsbanan. Därefter föreslås datakorruptionsmodellerför Hamming- och Reed-Solomonkoder (RS) tillsammans meden uppskattning av deras respektive körtider på satellitens omborddator. Slutligen diskuteras de föreslagna koderna med hänsyn till datakorruptionsskydd,minnesanvändning och processoranvändning. Uppsatsens slutsats indikerar att användandet av felrättningsalgoritmerkraftigt minskar risken för datakorruption. Bland de kodersom undersökts framstår RS(28,24), RS(196,192) och RS(255,251) somde bästa alternativen, beroende på hur mycket extra minnesanvändningsom är acceptabelt.