<p>This thesis assessed the effectiveness of the Special Court in relation to the impact is has made in cultivating the rudiments of a human rights culture, dispensing justice, ending a culture of impunity, effecting unity and national reconciliation in post war Sierra Leone.</p>

Magister Legum - LLM (Criminal Justice and Procedure) / Transitional justice mechanisms have become commonplace as a tool for recovery for societies emerging from conflict and repressive regimes. The extent to which women's rights concerning development and long-term economic advancement in the arena of transitional justice is dealt with is almost negligible. The significance of including development as a means of protecting marginalised groups such as women has been mostly disregarded in the transitional justice context. Currently, the discourse on gender justice has placed civil and political rights as well as sexual crimes against women at the centre stage. Transitional justice mechanisms have failed to give effect to long-term sustainable and substantive change in women's lives following conflict and periods of repressive rule. The core aims of transitional justice are prosecution of offenders, reconciliation and reparations for the victims of gross human rights abuses. Reparations are usually used as a medium through which restitution and compensation for the harm suffered by victims are made possible. Reparations are also deemed as an essential element for the healing and recovery of the individual victim and the society affected by egregious human rights violations.

Magister Legum - LLM / This thesis assessed the effectiveness of the Special Court in relation to the impact is has made in cultivating the rudiments of a human rights culture, dispensing justice, ending a culture of impunity, effecting unity and national reconciliation in post war Sierra Leone. / South Africa

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-04T20:21:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Rodrigues de Souza - 2011.pdf: 811510 bytes, checksum: 464a663fb8c34a06e530d56ffa881cf1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2017-07-07T19:30:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Rodrigues de Souza - 2011.pdf: 811510 bytes, checksum: 464a663fb8c34a06e530d56ffa881cf1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T19:30:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Rodrigues de Souza - 2011.pdf: 811510 bytes, checksum: 464a663fb8c34a06e530d56ffa881cf1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-05 / This research is about the guarantee of access to Justice and its fulfillment at the Special Court. It has the aim of discussing the Special Court‘s ―Access to Justice‖ intention concerning the procedures usually performed from analyses of court rulings, based on studies of How to do things with words, by J. L. Austin (1976). Firstly, this study presents the conceptual evolution of the expression ―access to Justice‖, considered as a synonym for ―access to the Judiciary‖. It also brings information about the creation, settlement and aims of the Special Court; it also points out hindrances to effective access to Justice and mentions the main movements in Brazil for the access to Justice. The second chapter deals with the struggling for simplifying legal language started at a campaign organized by the Magistrates‘ Association in Brazil in 2005 and debated at the Chamber of Deputies by the 7,448/2006 Law Project. The appeal for simplifying legal language is part of a set of actions which intend the access to Justice by a higher number of people for the solving of conflicts. With views to the ―access to Justice‖ at Special Courts, brought to life Law 9,099/95 (which created it), as well as the court rulings given, we have a third chapter, in which the relation between the ―intentional‖ and the ―conventional‖ is discussed - where the ―intentional‖ is about the promise of access to Justice, made by our Constitution and by Law no. 9,099/95, and the ―conventional‖ is about the usual rules and procedures expressed in the various speech-acts present in court rulings, whose effects have worked as hindrances to Justice. This discussion was based on the study of J. L. Austin‘s speech acts, which worked as a reference for the thoughts further described. The pragmatic analyses of ruling courts indicate that specific conditions are needed for the efficacious access to Justice in the Special Court, such as simplifying the use of ritual language, once the Special Court is a special form of court, which values orality, simplicity, informality, etc. However, the Special Court, the way it has worked in Brazil, does not fulfill the promise of access to Justice, since the presupposed conditions for the performing of judicial acts dissent between the intention of the law and the hearing convention in the court. / Esta pesquisa aborda a promessa de acesso à Justiça e seu cumprimento nos Juizados Especiais. O objetivo é discutir a intenção de ―acesso à Justiça‖ do Juizado Especial em relação aos procedimentos convencionalmente aceitos a partir da análise de sentenças judiciais, com fundamento nos estudos de atos de fala, de J.L. Austin (1976). O trabalho apresenta, num primeiro momento, a evolução conceitual da expressão ―acesso à Justiça‖, considerada sinônimo de acesso ao Judiciário; informa sobre a criação, instalação e objetivos do Juizado Especial; aponta os obstáculos para que se alcance efetivamente a Justiça e faz menção aos principais movimentos de acesso à Justiça desenvolvidos no Brasil. O segundo capítulo se ocupa do movimento pela simplificação da linguagem jurídica iniciado na campanha da Associação dos Magistrados do Brasil/AMB em 2005 e discutido na Câmara dos Deputados por meio do Projeto de Lei n.º 7.448/2006. A proposta de simplificação da linguagem jurídica faz parte de um conjunto de ações que busca garantir que um maior número de pessoas acione o Judiciário para a solução de seus conflitos. Tendo em vista a intenção de ―acesso à Justiça‖ do Juizado Especial, materializada na sua lei de criação (Lei n.º 9.099/95), bem como as sentenças judiciais nele proferidas, elaborou-se o terceiro capítulo, no qual foi discutida a relação entre o intencional e o convencional, onde o intencional corresponde à promessa de acesso ao Judiciário, introduzida pela Constituição Federal e pela Lei n.º 9.099/95, e o convencional corresponde ao conjunto de regras e procedimentos habituais expressos nos diversos atos de fala presentes na sentença judicial, cujos efeitos têm sido de obstáculo ao Judiciário. Essa discussão fundamentou-se nos estudos de atos de fala de J.L. Austin, que se constituiu referencial para as reflexões aqui suscitadas. A análise pragmática das sentenças judiciais aponta que, para a efetivação do acesso à Justiça no Juizado Especial, são necessárias condições específicas de felicidade como, por exemplo, simplificação da linguagem ritualizada, uma vez que o Juizado é uma forma especializada de jurisdição que preza pela oralidade, simplicidade, informalidade etc. No entanto, o Juizado Especial, nos moldes em que tem funcionado no Brasil, não cumpre a promessa de acesso à Justiça, pois as condições pressupostas para a realização dos atos judiciais se divergem entre a intenção da lei e a convenção da audiência no Juizado.

The issue of the enforcement of judgments in family cases is a topical issue in our society, since the various changes this legal area has recently experienced. The main change in the procedural field was the separation of so-called undisputed proceedings into a new Act on Special court proceedings, while the Civil Procedure Code remained a subsidiary act. This new Act also contains the sole regulation of the enforcement proceeding in cases relating to domestic violence and in cases of child custody, since these two areas are the most distinct from the enforcement of other pecuniary and non-pecuniary performance. In the first two chapters, the thesis focuses on the background of the enforcement proceedings as well as on its development, principles and functions. The second chapter ends with the outline of the enforcement in the Act on Special court proceedings. The third chapter deals with the enforcement of judgements in domestic violence cases, focusing particularly on the Police Eviction Instrument and the Special Preliminary ruling on the Protection against Domestic Violence. Their subsequent enforcement is then evaluated and analyzed. The fourth chapter focuses on the legal regulation of the child custody, with an emphasis on the comparison of the different modes of enforcing the decisions, as...

"In response to President Kabah's request of June 2000, the United Nations Security Council called on the Secretary-General to negotiate an agreement with the government of Sierra Leone for the creation of a special court for Sierra Leone (hereafter SCSL), to investigate the atrocities committed within the country, by Resolution 1315 of 14 August 2000. Under the agreement concluded in February 2001, the SCSL has jurisdiction over crimes against humanity, war crimes and other serious violations of international humanitarian law committed since November 1996. The author assesses in detail the efficacy of the SCSL in dispensing justice up to date. The author concludes that, although the SCSL has accomplished much, it has shortcomings and faces changes that hamper the attainment of its objectives. ... This study is divided into five chapters. Chapter one provides the context in which the study is set, the focus and objectives of the study, its significance and other preliminary issues, including a statement of the problem and the literature review. Analysis of the conflict in Sierra Leone are necessary to grasp the graveness and the nature of the human rights violations and to understand the nature and extent of justice already meted out. Chapter two focuses particularly on the historical background of the conflict and the reasons that necessitate the establishment of the SCSL. The SCSL was established specifically to respond to human rights abuses committed during the civil war in Sierra Leone. Chapter three examines the major achievements of the Court in dispensing justice, and chapter four identifies the shortcomings and the challenges that confront the Court in its aim to fulfil its mandate." -- Chapter one. / Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2006. / Prepared under the supervision of Professor Lovell Fernandez, Faculty of Law, University of the Western Cape / http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html / Centre for Human Rights / LLM

"This work is arranged into six chapters. Beyond the introduction, chapter two highlights atrocities of the war and evaluates the diplomacy process, which eventually resulted in the creation of the TRC. It briefly examines the Abidjan and Conakry Peace Plan and specifically elaborates on the Lome Peace Accord, which finally culminated in the promulgation of the Truth and Reconciliation Act of 2000. The human rights and humanitarian law dimension of the conflict will also be addressed. Chapter three gives a general description of truth commissions and analyse the TRC with specific refernce to its structure, function, jurisdiction, mandate, proceedings, evidence, and its investigative methods, which is the backbone of the Truth Commission. It will aslo assess whether naming names would be a potent tool for the Commission to bring perpetrators to shame. From a human rights perspective chapter four address issues such as healing and reconciliation, truth, forgiveness, and assesses whether they are effective remedies for human rights violations. The issue of amnesty, especially Article IX of the Lome Peace Accord, will be evaluated. This chapter will also discuss the issue of impunity. Chapter five deliberates on the relationship between tribunals and truth commissions generally and specifically elaborate on the TRC and the Special Court with specific reference to their legal framework, composition, jurisdiction, information sharing, and whether both institutions serve as accountability mechanisms. Chapter six concludes the dissertation by determining whether or not there are any lessons one can learn from the Commission. It closes by making recommendations for the smooth functioning of the Commission and how it can effectively contribute to the needs of traumatised societies." -- Chapter 1. / Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Jean Allain at the Department of Political Sciences, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, the American University in Cairo, Egypt / Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2003. / http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html / Centre for Human Rights / LLM

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:30:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rubens Alexandre Elias Calixto.pdf: 1421999 bytes, checksum: 395e6af627e9720f2773a5784b430c85 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-07 / This academic paper intends to analyze and criticize the judicial action against improbity conduct, ruled by Act 8.429/92, specially the low effectiveness in punishing acts of corruption practiced by public officials in Brazil. The author try to demonstrate that the action doesn t work as expected when its approval by The Brazilian Congress, in 1992, because still remain a lot of political scandals in Brazil, causing serious damages to the treasury, without the responsible people being punished for it. A historical tolerance on corruption, special courts for public officials and the own formal and structural deficiencies of the legal text of Act 8.429/92 favour a state of impunity. The paper begins with a short analysis about the corruption phenomenon, specially its ideological substratum, theories, effects and means of combat in brazilian law. The author thinks that this analysis is fundamental to situate correctly the question in brazilian constitutional ordainment, due to the axiological tension in constitutional rules about punishing corruption . The author also discuss the important and polemic question of special courts for public officials, having in mind decisions from Supreme Court in Brazil to demonstrate that this prerogative is one of the most serious causes of impunity in Brazil. Completing the dissertation, the author analyses procedures aspects of the action, identifying defections like lacunas, obscurities and bad compositions in the legal text, that contribute in order to difficult the punishing of bad conduct by public officials in their functions. After all, the author concludes that the judicial action on improbity will only workout properly if judges and lawyers are ready to assume the compromise towards the fight against corruption, including the elimination of the special courts for public officials. Still he concludes that the legal procedure needs corrections, to make its interpretations easier for the judges when applying it / O presente trabalho acadêmico tem como objetivo a análise crítica da ação por improbidade administrativa, disciplinada pela Lei 8.429/92, especialmente sua pouca efetividade na punição dos atos de improbidade praticados por agentes públicos. Busca-se defender a tese de que a citada ação não atendeu satisfatoriamente às expectativas geradas com o seu advento, pois ainda persistem muitas denúncias de escândalos políticos no Brasil, dos quais resultam sérios prejuízos ao Erário. Parte-se da premissa de que esta impunidade decorre de alguns fatores, como a histórica tolerância com os atos de corrupção, o foro privilegiado de que gozam os agentes políticos e a própria deficiência formal e estrutural da ação regulada pela Lei 8.429/92. É feita breve análise do fenômeno da corrupção, do seu substrato ideológico, teorias, conseqüências e formas de combate, no direito comparado e no direito brasileiro, como ponto fundamental do problema, a partir da tensão axiológica verificada nas normas constitucionais que tratam das formas e meios de punição da improbidade administrativa. É também discutida a controvertida questão do foro privilegiado, tendo como referência o julgamento da Reclamação 2.138 pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, com a finalidade de demonstrar que ele é um dos graves fatores da impunidade no Brasil. Em complemento, procede-se a uma análise dos aspectos procedimentais da ação por improbidade, identificando lacunas, obscuridades e má redação no texto legal, que também contribuem sensivelmente para prejudicar a efetiva punição dos agentes públicos que cometem atos de improbidade. Ao final, conclui-se que a ação por improbidade surtirá os efeitos desejados quando houver maior compromisso dos operadores do direito com o combate à corrupção, passando pela eliminação do foro privilegiado para os agentes políticos e as necessárias correções legislativas na Lei 8.429/92, de modo a facilitar sua interpretação e aplicação

Submitted by Pedro Mizukami (pedro.mizukami@fgv.br) on 2011-08-17T20:21:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DMPPJ - GUILHERME RIBEIRO BALDAN.pdf: 3160031 bytes, checksum: c999d9c3c3902973b1a1e5b0d302c14f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pedro Mizukami (pedro.mizukami@fgv.br) on 2011-08-19T17:45:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DMPPJ - GUILHERME RIBEIRO BALDAN.pdf: 3160031 bytes, checksum: c999d9c3c3902973b1a1e5b0d302c14f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-09-16T12:03:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DMPPJ - GUILHERME RIBEIRO BALDAN.pdf: 3160031 bytes, checksum: c999d9c3c3902973b1a1e5b0d302c14f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / The State exerts the jurisdictional function aiming at the litigious conflict composition, being the process the way in which it gets materialized. With this, the access to justice is considered as a guarantee of a pretension examination, in acceptable time, with the security of an adjusted treatment, which is a reflection of society values. The Judiciary Power suffers critics of all sorts: nowadays in Brazil, the delaying is the mostly pointed problem. So much that Brazilian society started to demand a solution for this with such a great emphasis, that the reasonable duration of the process was enclosed in the roll of the Constitution of the Republic individual guarantees. Many alternatives have been searched intending to reduce the process duration time, the electronic way being one of these options. In the year of 2006, Law 11,419 came into use, it deals with the action at law computerization. This study it carried through an evaluation of the context that led to the search for a fast litigations solution, with the analysis of the law which instituted the electronic media in the process transaction, restricted to this optics of the process duration time reduction. On the basis of a case study carried through in 4º Civil Special Court at the Porto Velho Judicial district, It has been demonstrated that, at least in this jurisdictional unit, there was an effective reduction in the process duration time. The Action at law - PJe was pondered, still, concerning the free software that is available for the National Justice Council for use by the courts, electronic, concluding that the tool will serve as an instrument for the reduction of the process final term. This dissertation was finished with considerations on the issues studied, standing out the idea of that all the actors involved in conflicts solution must contribute so that the peace be reached. / O Estado exerce a função jurisdicional com a finalidade de composição dos conflitos litigiosos, sendo o processo o meio pelo qual ela se materializa. Com isso, tem-se o acesso à justiça, no sentido de ser garantido o exame de uma pretensão, em tempo aceitável, com a segurança de um tratamento adequado, que seja reflexo dos valores da sociedade em que se vive. O Poder Judiciário sofre críticas de toda ordem: no Brasil dos dias atuais, a morosidade é o principal problema apontado. Tanto é assim, que a sociedade brasileira passou a exigir uma solução para isso com tamanha ênfase, que a razoável duração do processo foi incluída no rol de garantias individuais da Constituição da República. Muitas alternativas têm sido buscadas com a intenção de reduzir o tempo de duração do processo, sendo a via eletrônica uma dessas opções. No ano de 2006, entrou em vigor a Lei n. 11.419, que trata da informatização do processo judicial. Este estudo realizou uma avaliação do contexto que levou à busca pela rápida solução dos litígios, com análise da lei que instituiu o meio eletrônico na tramitação dos processos, restrito a esta ótica de redução do tempo de duração do processo. Com base em um estudo de caso realizado no 4o Juizado Especial Cível da Comarca de Porto Velho, demonstrou- se que, ao menos nesta unidade jurisdicional, houve efetiva diminuição no tempo de duração dos processos. Ponderou-se, ainda, acerca do software livre que está sendo disponibilizado pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça para uso por parte dos tribunais, o Processo Judicial eletrônico – PJe, concluindo-se que a ferramenta terá condições de servir de instrumento para redução do termo final do processo. Finalizou-se esta dissertação com considerações sobre tudo o que foi estudado, ressaltando a idéia de que todos os atores que atuam na solução dos conflitos devem contribuir para que seja alcançada a paz.

The issue of the enforcement of judgments in family cases is of a specific nature and differs from the enforcement of other civil law decisions by the specific legal regulation and the nature of the subject matter of the enforcement of decisions, where the subject matter are persons, especially minors, and not thed pecuniary and non-pecuniary performance as in other cases of enforcement. In connection with the recodification of private substantive law, a new Act No. 292/2013 Coll., on Special court proceedings, which contains special legal regulations on the enforcement of judgments in matters of protection against domestic violence and in matters of custody of minors, was adopted. At the same time, Act No. 99/1963 Coll., The Code of Civil Procedure, was novelized and remained a subsidiary act. This thesis deals with special procedures for the enforcement of judgements in family cases, which we find in the second part of the fifth section of the Special court proceedings Act. In the first chapter, the thesis deals with the issue of civil proceedings, the enforcement proceedings and execution of decisions, with emphasis on its development, principles, functions and legal regulations. The second chapter focuses on the enforcement of judgements in family cases and on their specifics. The third chapter...