This thesis deals with the specifics of intangible assets used in business activities which significantly affect their valuation and accounting treatment. Intangible assets are the section where is a lack of uniformity in national accounting. The aim of the thesis is to compare the adjustment of intangible assets within the Czech Accounting Standards and International Financial Reporting Standards IFRS, and further to highlight the practical application of these approaches in section of generated intangible assets´ valuation and accounting in a particular company.

While the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG) considers European national standard-setters (NSSs) as close partners that play a vital role in its legitimacy, empirical evidence on EFRAG’s consultation processes and the involvement of NSSs therein remains scarce. We use a multi-issue/multi-period approach to investigate the formal participation in EFRAG’s consultation processes. By examining 2,102 comment letters submitted to EFRAG in the 2002–2015 period, we find that NSSs typically outweigh other stakeholder groups in terms of level of participation across stages of the consultation process and project topics. Although NSSs’ level of participation is rather stable over time, it significantly varies across European countries. We also provide a recent classification of European NSSs and show that NSSs’ level of participation varies by their institutional status and is the highest for private NSSs. Our findings have implications for aspects of the legitimacy of both EFRAG and NSSs and shed light on the role of intermediaries in international accounting standard-setting.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:39:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_11380_Dissertacao Magno.pdf: 769515 bytes, checksum: 4894ca354383e39a308a37fdadc9986b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-12 / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como a convergência às normas internacionais (IFRS), no Brasil, afeta a relevância das informações contábeis, avaliada por meio do modelo de Collins, Maydew e Weiss (1997). Foram construídas duas amostras, com e sem tratamento de valores discrepantes e exclusão de patrimônio líquido negativo, não probabilísticas listadas na Bolsa de Valores do São Paulo. As amostras foram formadas por dados anuais no período de 2005 a 2014. Os métodos adotados foram MQO, normalmente utilizado na estimação dos parâmetros dos modelos lineares de value relevance, e regressão quantílica, considerando as distribuições das variáveis analisadas, a presença de valores discrepantes e o tamanho da amostra. Os resultados das regressões quantílicas indicam que: (i) a adoção das IFRS no Brasil impactou a capacidade associativa do lucro contábil em relação ao preço das ações; (ii) a adoção das IFRS no Brasil impactou a capacidade associativa do patrimônio líquido em relação ao preço das ações; (iii) e é possível afirmar que a relevância da adoção das IFRS varia de acordo com o percentil dos preços das ações das empresas. Tais achados sugerem que os tratamentos para valores discrepantes e a exclusão de patrimônio líquido não eliminam totalmente os efeitos de valores discrepantes combinado com a falta de normalidade das variáveis influenciam as estimativas de modelos lineares. A regressão quantílica mostrou-se mais eficiente e com menor probabilidade de erros de estimação do que os métodos de estimação tradicionais (MQO e MV). / The objective of this research is to analyze how convergence to international standards (IFRS) in Brazil affects the relevance of the accounting information, evaluated through the model of Collins, Maydew and Weiss (1997). Two samples were constructed, with and without treatment of discrepant values and exclusion of negative, non-probabilistic equity listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange. The samples were formed by annual data from 2005 to 2014. The methods adopted were MQO, usually used in the estimation of the parameters of the linear value relevance models, and quantile regression, considering the distributions of the variables analyzed, the presence of discrepant values and the sample size. The results of the quantile regressions indicate that: (i) the adoption of IFRS in Brazil impacted the associative capacity of accounting profit in relation to the share price; (ii) the adoption of IFRS in Brazil impacted the associative capacity of shareholders’ equity in relation to the share price; (iii) and it is possible to affirm that the relevance of the adoption of IFRS varies according to the percentile of company stock prices. Such findings suggest that treatments for discrepant values and the exclusion of net worth do not totally eliminate the effects of discrepant values combined with the lack of normality of the variables influence the estimates of linear models. The quantile regression was more efficient and less likely to estimate errors than the traditional estimation methods (OLS and MV).

Yes / This paper uses panel cointegration with a corresponding vector error correction model (VECM) to investigate the changes in the value relevance of accounting information before and after the mandatory adoption of IFRS in Germany and the UK under three different valuation models. First, a basic Ohlson model, where our results indicate that despite the value relevance of the book values of equity has declined, it has been replaced by the increasing prominence of earnings in both Germany and the UK after the switch to the IFRS. Second, a modified model, which shows that the incremental value relevance of both earnings and book values are considerably higher in the long term for firms in the UK than in Germany. Third, a simultaneous addition of accounting and macroeconomic variables in an extended model, which indicates a significant rise in the relative predictive power of the book value of equity in the UK compared with the more noticeable impact on the value relevance of earnings in Germany. Collectively, the results of these models indicate that: (i) the explanatory power of linear equity valuation models is higher in UK than in the Germany, (ii) a long-run Granger-causal relationship exists between accounting variables and share prices in common law countries like the UK. Nevertheless, the implications of our findings lie in the knowledge that the potential costs of switching to the IFRS is completely nullified within three years by the benefits arising from a reduction in information asymmetry and earning mismanagement among firms which are listed on the stock exchanges of both common law and code law-based EU countries.

The aim of this diploma work is to show the differences or similarities between financial reporting of small and medium enterprises based on International Financial Reporting Standard - IFRS for SMEs and British accounting standard - FRSSE. Introductory chapters are devoted to the principles of dividing enterprisies by the criteria of size on the first place, and also to the short characteristics of different kinds of regulation of accounting in the world, especially regulation based on IASB and British accounting standards. These introductory chapters serve as information basis for the main part of the diploma work. This part is represented by the analysis of financial reporting of small and medium enterprises based on IFRS for SMEs and British accounting standard FRSSE and consecutive comparison of these two ways of financial reporting of small and medium enterprises, which is also the last part of the diploma work. In the scope of this comparison there are, except for basic differencies, also analysis of differences in goodwill and leasing with occasional view on certain problems in the conditions of Czech Republic.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-01-10T11:25:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Vitor Moreira Nunes.pdf: 541364 bytes, checksum: bec0ae2cb2270031c327b1ee62201a1e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-10T11:25:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Vitor Moreira Nunes.pdf: 541364 bytes, checksum: bec0ae2cb2270031c327b1ee62201a1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The regulation of accountancy of financial institutions in Brazil is under the responsibility of the National Monetary Council - CMN and the Central Bank of Brazil, which created the Accounting National Financial System Institutions - COSIF with accounting guidelines, including those related to the allowance for loan losses - PCLD which has the accounting function to record future losses related to present operations as the receipt of rights is not clear, since the company is subject to credit risk. With the development of international accounting in 2006 starts the process of convergence of accounting to international standards of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), with mandatory disclosure of financial statements according to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) from 2009 on, including considering the loss calculation criteria for impairment correspond to the provisioning criteria for claims based on incurred losses. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant difference, from a quantitative point of view, in the outcome of the Brazilian financial institutions, between the allowance for loan losses (PCLD) proposed by COSIF and international standards IFRS, in order to answer the research problem to check whether the impairment of financial assets, according to IFRS standards is proportionately less than the allowance for loan losses established by COSIF, impacting the result, based on the hypothesis that the impairment of financial assets, proportionally, generates less impact on the results of financial institutions in Brazil in demonstrations compliance IFRS standards (H1) and the Allowance generates greater impact on the results in the financial statements in accordance the rules of COSIF (H2), and also that the changes proposed by IFRS 9 reduce the difference in the impact of the results (H3). Thus, it was selected as sample the six largest financial institutions active in December 2015, which together amounted to 77.61% of total assets of the institutions, given to empirical tests in the consolidated statements of Brazilian COSIF standards and the statements in the standards international IFRS between the years 2010 and 2015, analyzing the proportional amounts of allowance for loan losses provision and impairment of financial assets in relation to their total revenue by applying descriptive statistics - standard deviation, variance, mean, median, maximum and minimum. Concluding that the recognition of the impairment of financial assets in relation to allowance is proportionally lower in the statements prepared in accordance with IFRS than in the statements with recognition from the COSIF standards and there was the tendency of IFRS 9, approach to standards regulations established by COSIF in Brazil with the applicability from 2018, confirming the hypothesis of the research / A regulamentação da contabilidade das instituições financeiras, no Brasil está sob responsabilidade do Conselho Monetário Nacional – CMN e do Banco Central do Brasil, que criaram o Plano Contábil das Instituições do Sistema Financeiro Nacional – COSIF com diretrizes contábeis, inclusive relacionadas à provisão para crédito de liquidação duvidosa – PCLD que tem a função de contábil de registrar as perdas futuras referentes a operações presentes, pois o recebimento de um direito não é líquido, uma vez que a empresa está sujeita ao risco de crédito. Com o desenvolvimento da contabilidade internacional em 2006 inicia o processo de convergência da contabilidade aos padrões internacionais do International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) e International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), com publicação obrigatória das demonstrações nos padrões do IFRS a partir de 2009, inclusive considerando os critérios de apuração da perda por Impairment correspondem aos critérios de provisionamento para créditos com base em perdas incorridas. Este estudo tem o objetivo de verificar se há diferença significativa, do ponto de vista quantitativo, no resultado das instituições financeiras brasileiras, entre a PCLD proposta pelo COSIF e as normas internacionais IFRS, com a finalidade de responder o problema de pesquisa de verificar se o Impairment de ativos financeiros, segundo as normas do IFRS é proporcionalmente menor que a PCLD estabelecida pelo COSIF, impactando no resultado, partindo das hipóteses que, o Impairment de ativos financeiros, proporcionalmente, gera menor impacto no resultado das instituições financeiras no Brasil nas demonstrações em conformidade as normas do IFRS (H1) e que a PCLD gera maior impacto no resultado nas demonstrações em conformidade as normas do COSIF (H2), e ainda, que as mudanças propostas pelo IFRS 9 diminuem a diferença no impacto do resultado (H3). Para tanto, foi selecionada como amostra as seis maiores instituições financeiras em ativos em 12/2015, que juntas somavam 77,61 % do ativo total das instituições, considerando para os testes empíricos as demonstrações consolidadas nos padrões brasileiros do COSIF e as demonstrações nos padrões internacionais do IFRS entre os anos de 2010 e 2015, analisando os valores proporcionais de provisão de PCLD e de Impairment de ativos financeiros em relação as respectivas receitas totais, aplicando as estatísticas descritivas– desvio padrão, variância, média, mediana, máximo e mínimo. Concluindo que o reconhecimento do Impairment de ativos financeiros em relação à PCLD é proporcionalmente menor nas demonstrações elaboradas com base nas IFRS, do que nas demonstrações com reconhecimento a partir das normas do Cosif e verificou-se a tendência do IFRS 9, se aproximar aos padrões normativos estabelecido pelo COSIF no Brasil com a aplicabilidade a partir de 2018, confirmando as hipóteses da pesquisa

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:39:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rejane Gomes de Sousa.pdf: 2986940 bytes, checksum: e5f470e52ffd690a50aa1be202d04346 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-06 / The economic globalization impact has created the need to introduce accounting models that could standardize financial statements to be understood and used by different users in several parts of the world. The information symmetry lack -- where the same transaction could generate different information, depending on the country of origin -- undermined investors‟ and creditors‟ decisions, as there was nothing standards for decision making. In order to harmonize the International Accounting Practices, in 2000 the International Organization of Securities Commission (IOSCO) recommended that the capital market regulators in each country authorized multinational companies to submit their financial statements according to the International Accounting Standards. The International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) was responsible for the working up of international standards, that is, for the worldwide accepted Accounting Standard that is already in convergence process in more than 100 countries. In Brazil, the Law Amendment nº 6.404/76 led to the Law nº 11.638/07, bringing significant implications to companies required to follow the Law S/A. Among them, the Brazilian Securities Commission (CVM) should issue its norms according to the International Accounting Standards. Consequently, the Brazilian Accounting Standards undergone a gradual process of converging its accounting standards to the International Accounting Standards by means of a process coordinated by the Committee of Accounting Pronouncements (CPC). In 2009, the Technical Pronouncement PME - Accounting for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises - was approved by the CPC. This study aims at contributing to the preparation of small and medium-sized enterprises for meeting the market demands, thus making them more competitive. The objective is to identify the main changes of accounting information aligned with international standards. The study was carried out through a literature review applicable to the International Accounting Standard for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. The final remarks show that the convergence process brings challenges, as well as that one can have a higher quality and reliability by applying the standard accounting information / O impacto da globalização da economia gerou a necessidade de implantar modelos contábeis que padronizassem as demonstrações para que elas fossem compreendidas e utilizadas por diferentes usuários em diversos lugares do mundo. A falta de simetria nas informações, onde uma mesma transação poderia gerar informações diferentes, dependendo do seu país de origem, prejudicava as decisões de investidores e credores, visto que não havia padrões para tomada de decisão. Visando harmonizar as práticas contábeis internacionais, a International Organization of Securities Comission (IOSCO), no ano de 2000, recomendou que os órgãos reguladores de mercado de capitais, em cada pais, autorizassem as sociedades multinacionais a apresentar as suas demonstrações financeiras de acordo com as normas internacionais de contabilidade. O Internacional Accounting Standard Board (IASB) ficou responsável pela elaboração de normas internacionais, ou seja o padrão único de contabilidade aceito mundialmente, que já esta em processo de convergência em mais de 100 países. No Brasil, a alteração da Lei nº. 6.404/76 deu origem à Lei nº. 11.638/07, que trouxe implicações significativas para as empresas, obrigadas a seguir a Lei da S/A, entre elas, que a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM) deveria expedir suas normas de acordo com os padrões internacionais de contabilidade, e gradativamente as normas contábeis brasileiras convergiram para as normas internacionais, por meio de um processo coordenado pelo Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC). Em 2009, foi aprovado pelo CPC o Pronunciamento Técnico PME Contabilidade para Pequenas e Medias Empresas. Este trabalho busca contribuir para que as empresas de pequeno e médio porte se preparem para as exigências do mercado, tornando-as mais competitivas. O objetivo é verificar as principais mudanças trazidas nas informações contábeis alinhadas às normas internacionais. O estudo se dá por meio de revisão bibliográfica aplicável a norma internacional de contabilidade para Pequenas e Médias Empresas. Nas considerações finais é possível verificar que o processo de convergência traz desafios e, ao adotar as normas, o padrão de informações contábeis tem-se maior qualidade, aumentando a confiabilidade

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:39:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andressa Iovine Martins.pdf: 966964 bytes, checksum: 248f9e16ad44bb1f5626d2d61ce7295e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-18 / This study has two main objectives: to determine whether the disclosure of annual financial and accounting statements of companies in the electric energy sector, in the period under review, caused abnormal returns in relation to stocks included in the sample in question, as well as to assess whether the disclosure in the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS-GAAP), from 2009 on, caused more meaningful and more statistically relevant returns than the earning announcements carried out in the Brazilian standards (BR-GAAP). In order to accomplish that, an event study based on the methodology of Mackinlay (1997) was conducted, in which the studied event was the publication of the accounting and financial statements of 13 companies in the electrical energy sector throughout the period from 2007 to 2011, amounting to 65 events which were part of the initial sample. The final studied sample, after deleting events not eligible for analysis, resulted in 62 events, which were also segregated by year 2007-2008 (BR-GAAP); 2009-2011 (IFRS-GAAP) and, later, by portfolio of "Good News" and "Bad News" within the periods considered in relation to BR-GAAP and IFRS-GAAP. The results indicated that the earning announcements of the companies in the electric energy sector, throughout the period from 2007 to 2011, generated abnormal returns around the date of the event in relation to stocks of the sample. With regard to the segregation by portfolios of "Good News" and "Bad News", only the first led to an early reaction of the market and with statistical significance. Finally, unlike what was expected, it was not possible to affirm that the abnormal returns of the IFRS-GAAP sample were greater than the BRGAAP sample, but on the contrary, the BR GAAP sample returns, around the date of the event, were higher and with greater statistical relevance than the IFRS-GAAP samples / O presente trabalho apresentou dois principais objetivos: verificar se a divulgação das demonstrações contábeis e financeiras anuais das empresas do setor elétrico, no período em análise, gerou retornos anormais das ações integrantes da amostra, bem como, avaliar se a divulgação nos padrões internacionais de contabilidade (IFRS-GAAP), a partir de 2009, provocou retornos anormais mais significativos e relevantes estatisticamente do que a divulgação nos padrões brasileiros (BR-GAAP). Para tanto foi realizado um estudo de eventos, com base na metodologia de Mackinlay (1997), sendo o evento estudado a publicação das demonstrações contábeis e financeiras de 13 empresas do setor de energia elétrica no período de 2007 a 2011, totalizando 65 eventos componentes da amostra inicial. A amostra final estudada, após a exclusão de eventos não qualificados para análise, resultou em 62 eventos, os quais ainda foram segregados por ano 2007-2008 (BR-GAAP); 2009-2011 (IFRS-GAAP) e, posteriormente, por carteira de Boas Notícias e Más Notícias dentro dos períodos considerados BR-GAAP e IFRS-GAAP. Os resultados encontrados indicaram que a divulgação das demonstrações contábeis e financeiras anuais das empresas do setor elétrico, no período de 2007 a 2011, gerou retornos anormais em torno da data do evento para as ações integrantes da amostra. Em relação à segregação por carteiras de Boas notícias e Más notícias somente a primeira provocou reação antecipada do mercado e com significância estatística. Por fim, ao contrário do esperado não foi possível afirmar que os retornos anormais da amostra IFRS-GAAP foram maiores do que a amostra BR-GAAP, pelo contrário, os retornos da amostra BR-GAAP, em torno da data do evento, foram maiores e com maior significância estatística do que das amostras IFRS-GAAP

The diploma thesis deals with reporting of building in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and after that in accordance with Czech accounting regulations. The part, which is dedicated to IFRS, is focused to the reporting of company buildings according to the standards: IAS 16, IAS 40, IFRS 5 and IAS 36. The content of the next part is dedicated to Czech accounting regulations of company buildings especially to the Czech accounting standard no. 013. There is the comparison of the reporting of company buildings in accordance with IFRS and Czech accounting regulations as well. The last part of the diploma thesis is focused to the analysis of the selected financial statements.

Esta dissertação apresenta análise da convergência e harmonização das normas brasileiras de contabilidade, BR GAAP, com as normas internacionais de contabilidade IFRS – International Financial Reporting Standards, estabelecidas pelo IASB - International Accounting Standards Board, referentes à contabilização de operações, preparação e divulgação das demonstrações contábeis relacionadas ao patrimônio líquido. Tem como base o comparativo entre as normas contábeis aplicadas no Brasil e na Comunidade Européia, como bloco econômico estruturado, cujas normas contábeis internacionais (IFRS) estão sendo adotadas integralmente pelas Sociedades Européias a partir de janeiro de 2005. São apresentadas as normas internacionais relativas ao patrimônio líquido em vigor a as normas brasileiras harmonizadas, ressaltando aquelas pendentes de convergência. São desenvolvidos comparativos da estrutura de patrimônio líquido das sociedades brasileiras e das sociedades européias. Apresenta ainda em quadros comparativos e, também sob a forma de perguntas e respostas, os principais aspectos das normas de contabilidade relativas ao patrimônio líquido aplicáveis no Brasil e na Sociedade Européia. Identifica as normas brasileiras pendentes de convergências com as normas internacionais (IFRS) relativas ao patrimônio líquido e sua expectativa de convergência. / This paper presents the analysis of the convergence and harmonization of the Brazilian accounting standards, BR GAAP, with the International Financial reporting Standards – IFRS, established by the IASB – International Accounting Standards Board, concerning the accounting of operations, preparation of financial statements related to the liquid patrimony. This work is based on the comparison between the accounting standards applied in Brazil and the IRFS applied in the European Community, which have been adopted by the European Societies since January 2005. The international standards concerning the liquid patrimony in force, and the brazilian harmonized standards, highlighting the ones pending convergence, are presented here. Comparisons between the structures of liquid patrimony of the Brazilian and european societies are developed. Besides, this work presents, in comparative charters and in questions and answers, the main aspects of the accounting standards regarding the liquid patrimony applicable in brazil and in Europe. It also identifies the brazilian standards pending convergence with the IFRS regarding the liquid patrimony and is expectation of convergence.