International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / In support of the various programs that the Phillips Laboratory's Space Experiments Directorate is conducting for the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO), the Range Operations Division is developing a mobile telemetry processing system as part of the Mobile Ground Telemetry Station (MGTS) program. The MGTS program's goals are to develop a mission-dedicated telemetry system to supplement current test range capabilities by receiving, processing and recording multiple data streams, sometimes exceeding 10 Mbps. The system will support airborne and suborbital vehicles as well as customized satellite downlinks designed for spacecraft bus State-of-Health monitoring and sensor payload observations. Autonomy and off-road capabilities are also important factors since some of the operations envisioned require deployment to remote field locations where no telemetry processing capabilities currently exist to support the unique data handling requirements. The Phillips Laboratory has completed, with support from Wyle Laboratories and Systems Engineering and Management Company (SEMCO), a "proof-of-concept" mobile telemetry processing system referred to as MGTS #2. Demonstration of the system has been accomplished with the successful deployment and operational support provided to both BMDO's Lightweight Exo-Atmospheric Projectile (LEAP) sub-orbital missions and Miniature Sensor Technology Integration (MSTI) satellite program. MGTS #2 has deployed and is scheduled for further deployment to various operating sites including: White Sands Missile Range (WSMR), NM; Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC), Edwards AFB, CA; Vandenberg AFB, CA; and NASA's Wallops Island Flight Facility, VA. While deployed MGTS #2 processes, records and rapidly distributes the critical mission telemetry data conforming to both IRIG and SGLS standards. This paper will describe the evolution of the MGTS program, current hardware configurations and the various mission scenarios that have been supported by the MGTS team.

This thesis presents a feasibility study on unobtrusive localization of GSM en- abled cellphones using a Fake Base Station (FBS). An FBS is a radio transceiver that emulates the behaviour of a legitimate GSM Base Station (BS) to fool unal- tered cellphones to connect with it. This feasibility study investigates how an FBS can be utilized to estimate positions of connected cellphones in an area of interest. We present a proof of concept system that consists of a mobile FBS that measures the Time Of Arrival (TOA) and Received Signal Strength (RSS) to a cell- phone. The positions of the mobile FBS are determined with GPS. We employ calibration-free localization algorithms as we assume unknown environments and unknown hardware. Our experiments in an outdoor 180x100 m2 Line-Of- Sight (LOS) environment show that our calibration-free localization algorithms provide an average localization error less than 10 meters, which is sufficient for most applications of interest. In addition, our experiments show that RSS-based localization outperforms TOA-based localization when the average distance be- tween the FBS and cellphone is roughly 50 meters. Our experiments show that TOA-based localization outperforms RSS-based localization when the average dis- tance increases to roughly 75 meters. This research is part of the Smart Savannah project in which a wide range of different surveillance systems are developed to protect rhinos from poachers. We envision that our localization system can be used to detect and localize these poachers in an unobtrusive way. In addition, we envision that our localization sys- tem can be used in Search And Rescue (SAR) operations to estimate the positions of cellphones of missing persons. / Detta examensarbete undersöker möjligheten att lokalisera mobiltelefoner med GSM teknologi genom att använda en Falsk Basstation (FBS). En FBS är en radio transceiver som emulerar beteendet hos en legitim GSM basstation för att lura omodifierade mobiltelefoner att ansluta till den. Undersökningen tar reda på hur en FBS kan användas för att estimera positionerna av anslutna mobiltelefoner inom ett målområde. För att undersöka detta har ett Proof-Of-Concept-system ta- gits fram. Systemet består av en mobil FBS som som mäter propageringstid (TOA) och mottagen signalstyrka (RSS). FBS:ens positioner bestäms med GPS. Systemet använder kalibreringsfria algoritmer för lokalisering, då vi antar att miljön och mobiltelefonernas hårdvara är okänd. Tester av systemet har utförts utomhus i ett 180x100 m2 Line-Of-Sight-område. Dessa tester visar att lokaliseringsalgorit- merna ger ett genomsnittligt fel på mindre än 10 meter. Detta anses vara till- räckligt för de flesta tillämpningar av intresse. Utöver detta visar även testerna att RSS-baserad lokalisering ger bättre resultat än TOA-baserad lokalisering när medelavståndet mellan FBS och mobiltelefon är omkring 50 meter. TOA-baserad lokalisering ger däremot ett bättre resultat än RSS-baserad lokalisering när me- delavståndet ökar till omkring 75 meter. Denna undersökning är en del av Smart Savannah projektet som innefattar flera olika övervakningssystem, utvecklade för att skydda noshörningar från tjuv- skyttar. Målet med vårt lokaliseringssystem är att det ska kunna användas för att upptäcka och lokalisera tjuvskyttar utan deras vetskap. Vi tror även att lokalise- ringssystemet kan användas vid eftersökning- och räddnings-operationer för att lokalisera försvunna personers mobiltelefoner. / Project Ngulia

Following the introduction of the microprocessor into the power system protection field, modern microprocessor based numeric relays have developed very rapidly in the last 20 years, and modern power system protection schemes are virtually all based on microcomputers technology. The International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) recently launched the standard IEC61850, “Communication Networks and System in Substation”, which is having a major impact on the structure of new protection systems and schemes. In itself it describes the concepts for sub-station communications covering protection, control and metering functions. However, although it is going to have a major impact on the power systems communications, it will also influence the design of future protection systems. There will also be a host of other opportunities and advantages that can be realised. These include easier upgrading, refurbishment and replacement of sub-station protection. They also provide for greater use of general purpose Intelligent Electronics Devices (IEDs), self-healing systems, and plug and play type facilities. The Ethernet based communication network for data transfer between process level switchyard equipment and bay level IEDs, the process bus, is defined in IEC61850 Section 9-2. This process bus facilitates the communication of two types of real-time, peer-to-peer communication messages. Generic object-oriented substation event messages, the GOOSE messages and the data sample values, SVs which include the measured currents and voltages. Although this standard describes the message structures and the timing requirements, it does not describe the process bus topology. This work describes different LAN topologies that can be used in the design of process bus for protection systems. It considers the implications of the different structures on the operation of the protection scheme and how these relate to the operational strategy of different operators. It provides an assessment of the data handling capabilities of the system and how the demands of the protection system can be met. Several potential problem areas are identified and analyzed. The probabilistic nature of these systems is discussed and the implications explained. It also provides an insight into the implementation of the alternative topologies and their performance when applied to a transmission line feeder protection and transformer protection. The digital substation and the implementation of IEC61850 are fundamental to the future of protection ‘relays’. There are many pointers to the potential directions that these systems will develop and the skills required for the protection engineers of the future. This project is seeking to overcome some of the ownership challenges presented by modern protection and control (P&C) devices, which have an inherent short life due to their dependence on modern electronics and software.

Work is dealing with market of radio stations in Liberec with focus on analysis of the competition in this region. Theoretic base include structural analysis of branches, BCG matric and Porter's five forces model. Practical part is dealing with analysis of local radio station "Dobrý den" and suggests strategy and goals for years to come. One of the partial part is marketer research, whose point is to ascertain the most objective measure of quantity of radio listeners in Liberec. This indicator does not exist in official form, but this indicator is essential for local radio station on small market. Diploma work confront official measure of quantity of radio listeners measured in whole Ústecký and Liberecký region and measure of quantity of radio listeners measured in Liberec done by marketer research.

No abstract

Super-Dwarf wheat plants were grown in simulation growth chambers under 12 treatments with three photoperiods (18 h, 21 h, 24 h) and four carbon-dioxide levels (360, 1200, 3000, and 7000 11mol/mol). Carbon-dioxide concentrations affected flower initiation rates of Super-Dwarf wheat. The optimum C02level for flower initiation and development was 1200molμ•mol-1. Super-optimum C01 levels delayed flower initiation, but did not decrease final flower bud number per head. Longer photoperiods not only accelerated flower initiation rates, but also decreased deleterious effects of super-optimum C02. Flower bud size and head length at the same developmental stage were larger under longer photoperiods. But final flower bud number was not affected by photoperiod. Stomatal densities on the abaxial surface were more sensitive to the variation of photoperiod and C02 level than those on the adaxial surface for Super-Dwarf wheat. Stomatal density did not significantly change on the adaxial surface, but was significantly decreased on the abaxial surface under longer photoperiods and higher C02 levels at 27 day after planting (DAP). Cell-walls of both stem and leaf tissues did not significantly change with variation of photoperiod and carbon-dioxide levels at either seedling stage or mature stage. McDowell fixative was suitable for long-term storage of plant tissue for use in light microscopy. When stored up to 180 d, there was no significant change in leaf thickness, shape and size of mesophyll cells, and shape of chloroplasts for wheat leaves under the light microscope.

Les réglementations et normes radioélectriques précisent différentes valeurs limites d'exposition radioélectrique à ne pas dépasser. Les niveaux d'expositions constatés autour des antennes de radio et de télécommunications sont très en dessous des limites d'exposition recommandées par la commission de protection contre les rayonnements non-ionisants. Aujourd'hui, les personnes se trouvant à proximité des émetteurs radio ne cherchent plus simplement à vérifier la conformité aux normes. La demande porte sur l'évaluation du niveau d'exposition auquel ils sont soumis et la probabilité de dépassement d'un seuil donné. Le cadre probabiliste sur lequel sont fondées les méthodes géostatistiques offre la possibilité de répondre à cette question. Dans cette thèse nous présentons une application des méthodes géostatistiques linéaires ; en particulier le krigeage, pour l'estimation des niveaux d'exposition radioélectriques à partir d'un jeu de données simulées. Une application du krigeage avec dérive externe sur des mesures réelles est ensuite présentée. Dans ces applications, le modèle de variogramme de Cauchy montre une bonne adéquation avec la variabilité de la densité de la puissance. Un troisième exemple d'application a pour objectif d'évaluer la probabilité avec laquelle les niveaux d'exposition peuvent dépasser un seuil déterminé. Nous utilisons deux méthodes de la géostatistique non-linéaire basées sur un modèle "multigaussien" et comparons les résultats des calculs de probabilité de dépassement de seuil par ces deux méthodes sur un ensemble de mesures d'exposition prises dans le centre de la ville de Paris.

<p>Företaget Flextronics AB i Linköping testar moderna mobiltelefoner för tillverkares räkning. Som examensarbete har jag fått företagets uppdrag att utvärdera och förbättra deras testsystem DVT-UMTS (3G).</p><p>DVT-UMTS är ett komplext system av komponenter, och man misstänker att dessa stör varandra inbördes, vilket i sin tur kan ge felaktiga mätresultat.</p><p>Beträffande mottagarsidan hos en mobiltelefon tror man att DVT-UMTS p g a störningar, s k intermodulationsprodukter, uppvisar bitfelshalter i testet Rx Out of band blocking. Komponenter som kan tänkas ge störningar är continuous wave-generator och basstationssimulatorn. Antennanslutningen bortses från i undersökningen. Kontroll av CW-generatorn sker med hjälp av lågpassfilter, riktkopplare och dämpare. Kontrollen visar att den är orsak till bitfel men inte ensam orsak. Basstationssimulatorn kontrolleras med hjälp av högpassfilter, riktkopplare och varierade kabellängder. Även denna visar sig ge upphov till bitfel.</p><p>Bitfel orsakade av intermodulationsprodukter från CW-generatorn kan reduceras med lågpassfilter och dämpare. Motsvarande problem hos basstationssimulatorn kan åtgärdas med högpassfilter och varierade kabellängder.</p><p>Kvarstående bitfel är acceptabla enligt specificerade krav från det internationella samarbetsorganet 3GPP.</p><p>Mobiltelefonens sändarefunktion testas med programmet Tx Spurious emission, där otillåtet höga dämpningsnivåer kan ge problem. Dessa nivåer beror av signalvägarna mellan testad enhet och spektrumanalysatorn. Med hjälp av gordon, darlingtontransistor och switch kan signalvägarna optimeras. En alternativ testuppkoppling på DVT-UMTS, innehållande switch med styrprogram, ger dämpningsnivåer innanför specificerade gränser.</p>

<p>Syftet med detta examensarbete är att titta på och eventuellt upptäcka vissa samband mellan de vanligaste klimatparametrarna (lufttemperatur, sol, vind, luftfuktighet och lufttryck) och inomhusklimatet. Inomhusklimatet är i detta arbete det samma som luftens temperatur inomhus.</p><p>Även en sammanställning av två studier kring NordIQ’s styrning av värmesystemet och tappvarmvattnet görs.</p><p> </p><p>En stor del av arbetet har varit att sammanställa och studera insamlad data från bland annat en väderstation.</p><p>Under den här perioden (våren) är det solen och utomhustemperaturen som har störst påverkan på temperaturen inomhus.</p><p> </p><p>En stor del inom energisektorn idag handlar om att använda energin effektivare och minska på utsläppen. Förhoppningen är att detta arbete ska kunna hjälpa till i den riktningen. Att utnyttja gratisenergin och dra ner på t.ex. fjärrvärmen är ett sätt, att inte kyla bort övertemperaturer utan att istället dra ner på den köpta energin.</p><p> </p><p>Ett annat sätt att utnyttja energin på ett effektivare sätt är att öka avkylningen och minska på flödet i uppvärmningssystemet. Det är något som NordIQ säger sig göra med sin styrning av värme och tappvarmvatten.</p><p>Sammanställningen visar att det stämmer.</p> / <p>The purpose of this thesis is to study and contingently discover some linkage between the most common climate parameters (air temperature, sun, wind, air humidity and air pressure) and the indoor climate. The indoor climate in this thesis is the same as the air-temperature indoor.</p><p>Also a compilation of two studies about NordIQ´s controlling of the heating system and hot water is done.</p><p> </p><p>A major portion of the work has been to compile and study collected data from among other things a weather station.</p><p>During this period (spring) the sun and the outdoor temperature have the greatest impact on the indoor temperature.</p><p> </p><p>A major portion of the energy sector today is about how to use the energy in a more effective way and decrease the emissions. Hopefully this thesis will help in that direction. To use the free energy and reduce for example district heating is one way, not cooling the high indoor temperatures, rather reduce the bought energy.</p><p> </p><p>Another way to take advantage of the energy in a more efficient approach is to increase annealing and reduce the flow in the heating system. That´s something with the aim of NordIQ`s controlling of the heat and hot water.</p><p>The compilation shows that it´s true.</p>

It is necessary to subtracting the tidal height from the observed depth to derived real depth while conduct hydrographic survey. The tidal data can be collected by conventional tide gauge or by using real time kinematics (RTK) GPS survey in the near shore region. However, when setting up tidal instruments in the offshore areas, many restricts still remained due to many factors such as topography, weather, and sea state. On contrary, the RTK GPS survey method has the limitation on the radio transmitting range. Therefore, the tidal zone method integrates the tidal station data to calculate the offshore tide data which can solve these problems. Generally, the tidal zone is constructed by using real tidal station data around the narrow channel. But the tide data is not possible to integrate on both side of the Taiwan Strait due to the vertical datum is not identical due to current political separation. To overcome this problem, this study proposed tidal zone method based on the tidal height derived from a tide numerical model. The tidal zone method is consequently applied to improve the accuracy of the offshore hydrographic survey. After processing the tide data derived from the model output and performing harmonic analysis, this study utilized the analysis result to draw a co-tidal chart to demonstrate the tidal characteristics for the purpose of establishing the tidal zone of the Taiwan Strait. This study also accomplished correspondent tidal zones for all the tide stations of Taiwan west coast within 12 miles territorial waters. This study further proposed a virtual station method for offshore hydrographic survey tide correction which applied the analysis result of each numerical model grid point as a virtual tidal station to derive the offshore tide correction values with spatial continuous characteristics. This study selected three experiment areas based on the multi-beam echo sounder survey data acquired offshore Ma-Liuo tide station. The direct tide station correction, tidal zone correction, and virtual station correction methods are applied to the hydrographic survey data to evaluate the performance of the tidal zone and virtual station correction methods. According to the experiment results, the tidal zone and virtual station correction method improve 20 and 16 cm respectively over the direct tide station correction method in the offshore area with the distance 25 km to the Ma-Liuo tide station. It indicates that the feasibility of the tidal zone method and it can improve the hydrographic survey results significant while the tide characteristics are different. Tidal zone can provide the required information to decide a proper reference tide station according to the tidal characteristics for the hydrographic survey data post-processing.