The diploma thesis Topics of the cycle of the year in education at primary school deals with monitoring of the work of two primary school teachers who integrate the topic of annual cycle into their teaching methods. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a brief historical overview of how the theme of nature and society developed as a part of the primary school curriculum from the Middle Ages up to the present time. It introduces the term annual cycle in connection with the layers of the year and the passage of time, with its cyclicity and linearity. It conveys to the reader the characteristics of the developmental specifics of a student at primary school. It describes didactic procedures and methods suitable for mediating topics reflecting the annual cycle, such as the Step by step curriculum, integrated thematic teaching or project teaching. The empirical part presents qualitative research focusing on the usage of the topics related to the annual cycle in primary school teaching. The research was carried out at two Prague primary schools. The teachers selected for the research are first grade class teachers. The research is based on the observation of direct pedagogical work of the teachers, in-depth semi-structured interviews and uses document analysis as an additional method. The aim of...

The thesis deals with communication between family and school in primary education. It's aim is to formulate proposals for more efficient communication with parents. The thesis has theoretical and practical - experimental part. In the practical part key concepts are being characterized. Also the thesis interprets the grounding of the term "parents" in the curricular documents and legislative. The main focus has been placed on initiatives and programmes which ephasise school-family cooperation, mostly the project Parents welcome and educational program Step by Step. The forms of such cooperation between subjects and their mutuall expectations have been described as well. The experimental part examines parent's satisfaction and used communication strategies at school where the experimental investigation took place. The research uses both qualitative and quantitative methods - mostly survey and deep interviews. The results of this research were analyzed. According to the analysis, suggestions for an effective communication with parents have been provided. An effective communication has been described as the one, that is clear and systematic, by in advance given communication channel. Such type of communication can significantly support the school and family cooperation. Keywords communication,...

The Master's Thesis with the title Developing reading literacy in Step by Step education programme through the morning letter deals with the method of morning letter and its meaning for the development od the reading literacy and key competences. The theoretical part introduces the transformation of the Czech educational system since 1989. The key competences system is also introduced. The reading literacy, educational systém Step by Step and method of monrning letter is also introduced. In the practical part, 20 morning letters are analysed and then methodical approaches and tools how to use the morning letter are described.

HAVLÍKOVÁ, Andrea. Cooperation and engagement of pupils in centres of activities in the Step by Step program. [Diploma Thesis]. Charles University in Prague. Prague : 2019. 107 pages. The aim of the thesis was to theoretically elaborate and practically solve the problems of cooperation and involvement of pupils in the centres of activities within the Step by Step program. Several methods were used to process this thesis. In the theoretical part, an overview of relevant information related to the topic was carried out on the basis of a search and by using a description method. The practical part was based on action research, which was carried out in the class of the author. The research was carried out as an unstructured observation and experiment, the outcomes were in the form of reflections. Based on reflections the centres of activities in the monitored class were improved, especially in the area of pupils' involvement and cooperation. Improved centres of activities based on the reflection of the original centres of activities have certainly led to improvements in the involvement and cooperation of pupils in the studied classroom. Guidelines for improvement were drawn both from theoretical knowledge and from the author's own practical experience. KEY WORDS Step by step, centres of activities,...

Le fascinant processus par lequel les signaux mécaniques sont transformés en réactions biochimiques dans la nature est appelé mécano-transduction. Le but de ma thèse a été de mimer la Nature en élaborant de nouveaux systèmes enzymatiques mécano-transductifs, i.e des matériaux capables de moduler une catalyse enzymatique lorsqu’ils sont sollicités mécaniquement. Nous avons d’abord étudié l’effet de l’étirement sur les chaînes constitutives de films multicouches de polyélectrolytes, matrices souvent utilisées pour le développement de biomatériaux intelligents. Dans le cadre d’une nouvelle stratégie axée sur la modulation mécanique de la conformation, nous avons ensuite élaboré des matrices étirables à base de poly(éthylène glycol)s. Nous avons en particulier développé de tout nouveaux revêtements covalents appelés nanogels qui se sont avérés être déposables sur le silicone étirable et fonctionnalisables avec différentes biomacromolécules, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles routes biomimétiques. / The fascinating process by which mechanical signals are transformed into biochemical reactions in Nature is called mechanotransduction. The goal of my PhD was to mimic Nature by elaborating new types of mechanocatalytic materials, i.e materials able to modulate a catalytic activity when mechanically stimulated. We first aimed at understanding the impact of stretching on the structural properties of polyelectrolyte multilayers films, polymeric matrices often used for the design of smart biomaterials. Within the framework of a new strategy essentially relying on mechanically induced conformational changes, we then developed stretchable polymeric matrices based on poly(ethylene glycol)s. We more particularly designed new types of covalent coatings, called nanogels. We showed that these architectures were buildable on stretchable silicone and that they could be functionalized with different types of biomacromolecules; thus opening new biomimetic routes.

The diploma thesis deals in detail with inclusive education in the Step by Step programme, especially with the intention to find out what means and arrangements the Step by Step programme uses to promote inclusive education. The theoretical background is focused on defining the key features of inclusive education, describing developments abroad and in the Czech Republic and showing the Finish education system as a good example of practice. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the brief characteristics of the Step by Step programme and compares its main principles with inclusive principles. For a deeper insight into inclusive education much of the work is devoted to analyse the main aspects of current legislation to support inclusive education, which includes evaluation of support arrangements based on literature. In connection with this, the support arrangements became the focus of the research section. For this reason a research was conducted in the practical part with the aim of mapping a system of support arrangements at a selected primary school with the Step by Step programme and to set out some recommendations for introducing functional inclusive education to other schools. For this research, semi-structured interviews and student case studies were chosen as concrete examples of successful...

For the problem of producing pedagogical step-by-step solutions to mathematical problems in education, standard methods and algorithms used in construction of computer algebra systems are often not suitable. A method of using rules to manipulate mathematical expressions in small steps is suggested and implemented. The problem of creating a step-by-step solution by choosing which rule to apply and when to do it is redefined as a graph search problem and variations of the A* algorithm are used to solve it. It is all put together into one prototype solver that was evaluated in a study. The study was a questionnaire distributed among high school students. The results showed that while the solutions were not as good as human-made ones, they were competent. Further improvements of the method are suggested that would probably lead to better solutions. / För problemet att producera pedagogiska steg-för-steg-lösningar till matematiska problem inom utbildning, är vanliga metoder och algoritmer som används i konstruktion av datoralgebrasystem ofta inte lämpliga. En metod som använder regler för att manipulera matematiska uttryck i små steg föreslås och implementeras. Problemet att välja vilka regler som ska appliceras och när de ska göra det för att skapa en steg-för-steg-lösning omdefineras som ett grafsökningsproblem och varianter av algoritmen A* används för att lösa det. Allt sätts ihop till en prototyp av en lösare vilken utvärderas i en studie. Studien var ett frågeformulär som delades ut till gymnasiestudenter. Resultaten visade att även fast lösningar skapade av programmet inte var lika bra som lösningar skapade av människor, så var de anständiga. Fortsatta föbättringar av metoden föreslås, vilka troligtvis skulle leda till bättre lösningar.

This Master's thesis examines options to advance reading literacy in schools with alternative education. Thesis is focused on teachers work and used methods. The aim of the thesis was to determine, how schools using alternative educational programs support the reading literacy. Theoretical part explores reading literacy, characteristics of alternative educational programs and schools -Montessori, Waldorf, Dalton and program Step by Step. It specifies RWCT - reading and writing to critical thinking program and method of advancement reading literacy and reading. The practical part evaluates surveys filled by teachers from alternative schools and teachers using alternative educational programs. Survey is focused on teacher's job, utilization of RWCT method in schools, working with reading literacy and support of reading.

Международное сотрудничество в различных областях науки и экономики подразумевает наличие не только профессиональных компетенций у современных выпускников высших учебных заведений, но и умение наглядно демонстрировать результаты своей научной и профессиональной деятельности, в том числе, на иностранном языке. Умение описывать различные типы инфографики представляется актуальным направлением в обучении студентов высших учебных заведений. Целью данного исследования является теоретическое обоснование и разработка методики обучения описанию инфографики на иностранном языке с использованием мультимедийных средств. В работе рассмотрены понятие, история, функции и классификации инфографики, определены основные подходы и принципы методики обучения описанию инфографики на иностранном языке, обозначены необходимые мультимедийные средства и цифровые компетенции, разработана поэтапная методика обучения описанию инфографики на иностранном языке с использованием мультимедийных средств. Методика содержит различные типы заданий для каждого этапа. Эффективное применение инфографики на иностранном языке объединяет знания в области инфографики, информационно-коммуникационных технологий и лингвистических особенностей иностранного языка, что и определяет набор заданий на каждом этапе обучения. Методика была апробирована на студентах группы УГИ-104011, обучающихся по образовательной программе 44.03.01 «Методика преподавания иностранных языков». Анализ опросов студентов показал, что после ряда занятий по описанию инфографики изменилось отношение к ее применению для демонстрации результатов своих исследований. / International cooperation in various fields of science and economics implies not only the professional competence of modern graduates of higher education institutions but also the ability to demonstrate the results of their scientific and professional works in a foreign language. The ability to describe different types of infographics seems to be an actual trend in the education of students of higher education institutions. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis and develop a method of teaching the description of infographics in a foreign language with the use of multimedia tools. The paper considers the definition, history, functions and classifications of infographics, defines the basic approaches and principles of teaching methods for describing infographics in a foreign language, identifies the necessary multimedia tools and digital competencies. A step-by-step method of teaching the description of infographics in a foreign language with the use of multimedia tools has been developed. The method contains different types of tasks for each stage. Effective application of infographics in a foreign language combines knowledge in the field of infographics, information and communication technologies and linguistic features of a foreign language, which defines a set of tasks at each stage of training. The method was tested on the students of the UGI-104011 group studying on the educational programme 44.03.01 "Methods of teaching foreign languages." Analysis of student surveys showed that after a series of lessons on infographics description, the attitude towards its application to demonstrate the results of their research has changed.

This thesis focuses on forms of cooperation between family and school at the beginning of school attendance. The theoretical part defines family and school as educational institutions and traces the development of cooperation between these institutions. It shows current trends in cooperation between family and school using the elements of a strategy of innovative educational program Step by Step and project Parents welcome. It refers to the elements that affect mutual relations. At the beginning of the empirical part is first described the methodology of qualitative research. The main techniques used were observation, questioning and interviews with teaching staff and the parents of pupils at two schools - at the average primary school and at the school using the program Start together, which received a certificate Parents welcome. Partner reality was analyzed on the basis of a document Competent teacher of the 21st century: An international professional quality framework ISSA. The research identified the actual situation in each school, its benefits and weaknesses. Keywords family, school, pupil, teacher, communications, family and school collaboration, experience, elementary school, innovative programs, a school providing the program Step by Step and Parents welcome