Research has shown that technical information is often not read by its target group. This can mean that users are unaware of crucial information included in a handbook or manual. Lack of information can cause, for example, inappropriate usage of products. Research has presented several source preference criteria that individuals define when they choose a preferred information source. My goal is to design technical information that derives from these criteria. The question to answer is: How can information for a computer-based rendering software be designed to derive from the situation and information needs of the target group, and from the criteria individuals define when they elect an information source? This study is a collaboration with Company X in Västerås. The aim is to design an artifact that supports the employees of the company during a work procedure in the rendering software Lattice 3D Studio. Based on empirical data and a theoretical framework, I have designed information that derives from the situation and information needs of the target group, as well as from the criteria individuals define when they elect an information source. I have designed an instruction for a rendering software, with step-by-step instructions based on work procedures shown in empirical studies. From this work I conclude that good knowledge of the target group can give a better understanding of what information the target group needs and wants. By designing a sequence of steps based on work procedures documented during empirical methods, the target group can be assisted in their work procedure. By implementing information design principles, user friendly information is created. Based on the theoretical framework and methods, the instruction is designed to meet the criteria individuals have when they elect an information source. / Studier visar att teknikinformation ofta inte blir läst av användarna. Detta kan innebära att viktig information i exempelvis manualer inte når fram till användarna, vilket i sin tur kan orsaka felaktig användning av produkt. Forskning har redovisat ett antal kriterier som individer ställer när de väljer informationskälla. I denna studie avser jag att utforma teknikinformation som tar hänsyn till dessa kriterier. Frågan som jag ställer mig är: Hur kan man utforma ett informationsmaterial för ett datorbaserat bildrenderingsprogram som tar hänsyn till målgruppens förutsättningar och informationsbehov, samt de kriterier som individer ställer på en informationskälla för att den ska bli vald? Studien är utförd som ett samarbete med Företaget X i Västerås. Syftet är att jag ska utforma ett gestaltningsförslag som stödjer företagets medarbetare under en arbetsprocess i bildrenderingsprogrammet Lattice 3D Studio. Utifrån empiriska studier och ett teoretiskt ramverk har jag gestaltat ett informationsmaterial som utgår från målgruppens perspektiv: målgruppens förutsättningar, informationsbehov samt de kriterier som individer ställer när de väljer informationskälla. Jag har utformat en instruktion för bildrenderingsprogrammet, med steg-för-steg-instruktioner baserat på de arbetsmoment som framkommit genom empiriska studier. Slutsatser från arbetet är att en god kunskap om målgruppen kan leda till en bättre förståelse för vad målgruppen behöver och vill ha för information. Genom att utforma sekventiella steg baserade på dokumenterade arbetsmoment, erbjuds målgruppen stöd i deras vardagliga arbetsprocess. Med hjälp av informationsdesignsprinciper blir informationen användbar. Utifrån insamlad teori och empiri är instruktionen utformad för att uppfylla de kriterier individer ställer på en informationskälla för att den ska bli vald.

This thesis deals with the forms of cooperation between parents and nursery school. The theoretical part focuses on family and school as educational institutions, their definition, historical development and the related current trends in cooperation between them. It defines the forms of cooperation in the core curriculum and is looking for inspiring elements of this strategy and cooperation in innovative educational programs, "Step by Step" and "Health Promoting Schools" The empiric part presents the research that focuses on development cooperation nursery schools and families. The research was conducted at the Prague kindergarten Šestajovická. Inform the process of improving cooperation based on innovative teaching programs, "Step by Step" and "Health Promoting Schools"

COOPERATION OF FAMILY AND SMALL SCHOOL WITH COMPOSITE CLASSES The thesis deals with the cooperation of family and small school with composite classes. The theoretical section deals with the typology and changes in family, family and school partnership, ideal setting of cooperation between family and school. It examines programmes of schools with area of cooperation being developed (Step by step and Parents are welcome). It looks for starting points that might be used at home school. The research section deals with a description of a small school with composite classes, where the graduant teaches. It also examines specificities of this school, the typology of students' families and at the same time it's also mapping the cooperation between school and family according to the programme Parents are welcome. It's trying to find the strategies for improving the cooperation with family. This is followed by the assessment from the viewpoints of author, parents, colleagues and a conclusions.

Pour certaines applications de positionnement dans les systèmes embarqués la puissance ou les couples mis jeu en peuvent être faibles. Les actionneurs utilisés pour ces applications sont équipés de machines pas à pas telles que les machines réluctance variable excitées ou non, ou encore des machines synchrones à aimants permanents. En aéronautique, ces actionneurs doivent être les plus compacts possibles et la continuité de service est exigée. La redondance partielle ou totale de l'actionneur est solution permettant d'assurer la continuité de service. Nous avons étudiés plusieurs structures de machines notamment les machines à deux voies d'enroulement pour leurs compacité telles les machines à reluctance variable à excitation homopolaire (MRVH-2C) et les machines synchrones à aimants permanent (MSAP-DE). Dans le but faciliter ou motiver le choix de l'une ou l'autre des structures, nous avons développé des modèles de machines capables de fournir des informations sur les grandeurs mesurables ou non, et sur le comportement des actionneurs. Ainsi à partir d'un calcul éléments finis 2D nous avons mis au point plusieurs modèles couplés EF 2D réseau de perméances de la MRVH-2C qui tiennent compte de l'état de saturation magnétique et du caractère tridimensionnel de cette machine. Ceux-ci ont été utilisés pour simuler le comportement de l'actionneur dans différents situations. Toujours pour une application de positionnement à faibles puissance et basse vitesse, nous avons dimensionné, modélisé et simulé une MSAP-DE commandée en boucle fermée et qui, de façon intrinsèque tolère le défaut de court-circuit triphasé grâce à sa résistance de phase qui est élevée / For certain applications of positioning in embedded systems power or torque needed can be low. Actuators used for these applications can be equipped with stepper machinery such as variable reluctance machines excited (or not) or permanent magnets synchronous machine. In aeronautic these actuators should be as compact as possible and continuity of service is required. Partial or total redundancy of the actuator can ensure the continuity of service. We have studied various structures of machines particularly double channel machines for their compactness such as two channels hybrid variable reluctance machines (2C-HVRM) and double channel permanent magnets synchronous machines (DC-PMSM). In the aim of facilitating or of justifying the choice of one or the other of these structures, we have developed models of able to provide information on measurable (or non measurable) features, and the behavior of the actuators. So from a 2D finite element calculation we have developed several coupled 2D FE permeances network models of a 2C-HVRM tacking account of the magnetic saturation state of this machine and its three-dimensional character. These models were used to simulate the behavior of the actuator in different situations. Always for positioning application with low power and low speed, we sized, modeled and simulated a DC-PMSM close loop controlled. That machine is intrinsically tolerant to phase short-circuit fault, thanks to its high phase resistance

This Master's Thesis deals with the Morning Letter from the program Step by Step as a possible tool for developing reading literacy. The theoretical part deals with the definition of reading literacy, the individual components and its anchoring in the Framework Education Program for Elementary Education. Thesis compares the key competences set out in the Framework Education Program for Elementary Education with reading literacy and explains their relationship and the importance of their equal development. It also describes one of the key program in this area, the program Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking, and its methods of developing reading literacy. It also deals with program Step by Step and the development of reading literacy as its component. Thesis focuses mainly on the Morning Letter as a possible reading strategy. The practical part is based on observations and interviews with teachers from the program Step by Step and their experience with Morning Letters and which forms of them are confirmed to be useful and how is perceived its overlap in reading literacy. It also includes a set of Morning Letters applied in mainstream class and their analysis and reflection in terms of reading literacy. Based on this analysis thesis it also contains a few designs of Morning Letters emerging...

Der Beitrag formuliert Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen einem musikdidaktischen Konzept „Aufbauender Musikunterricht“ und einem als „Musikpraxen erfahren“ konkretisierten Konzept ästhetischer und kultureller Bildung. In vier Abschnitten werden (1) Gemeinsamkeiten, (2) Populäre Musik in „Aufbauendem Musikunterricht“ und „Musikpraxen erfahren“, (3) Musikbegriffe sowie (4) Einwände und Erwiderungen dargestellt. Im vierten Teil werden in dialogischer Form das Verhältnis von schulischen Lernsituationen und musikalischer Erfahrung, die jeweilige Normativität des musikpädagogischen Musikbegriffs, die jeweilige Sach- und Schülerorientierung, das Verhältnis von instruktiven und offenen Lehr-Lernsituationen und Konzepte für einen roten Faden im Musikunterricht reflektiert. Das jeweilige Verständnis von dem, was unter Musik verstanden wird, erweist sich als folgenreich für das musikdidaktische Konzept. / The article deals with similarities and differences between a music teaching concept "Music teaching step by step" and an alternative one which is specified as a concept of aesthetic and cultural education known as "Experiencing musical practices". Topics are exposed in four sections: (1) common positions, (2) the role of popular music within "Music teaching step by step" as well as within "Experiencing musical practices", (3) what does "music" mean? and (4) objections and replies. The fourth section is presenting a dialogue, dealing with the relation between learning situations in the classroom and musical experience, as well as with the specific normativity of the music teaching concepts. Moreover, this chapter is asking, if the concepts are appropriate to the subject's and to the pupil's needs and if these concepts take into account the ratio of instructive teaching versus open teaching-learning situations as tools to increase the learning outcomes. The particular understanding of what we mean by "music" is seen to be crucial for music teaching concepts.

L'AGS fournit un faisceau de proton polarisé à RHIC. Le faisceau est accéléré dans l'AGS de Gγ = 4.5 à Gγ = 45.5 et la transmission de la polarisation est critique pour le programme de spin de RHIC. Au cours des dernières années, divers systèmes ont été mis en œuvre pour améliorer la transmission de la polarisation dans l'AGS. Ces améliorations consistent essentiellement en l'introduction de deux serpents Siberien partiels et du system de saut de nombre d'onde. Cependant, la transmission de la polarisation n'atteint pas encore 100 % durant le cycle d'accélération de l'AGS. L'efficacité actelle de la transmission de la polarisation est estimée à environ 85 % dans les conditions de fonctionnement typiques. Comprendre les sources de dépolarisation dans l'AGS est essentiel pour améliorer les performances en protons polarisés de la machine. La dynamique complexe de faisceau et de spin, notamment en présence des aimaint spécialisés appelé serpent Sibériens, justifient le fort intérÃa t pour des méthodes de simulation originales. Le code Zgoubi, capable de résoudre l'équation du mouvement et de l'évolution du spin directement à partir d'une carte de champs, est utilisé pour modéliser l'AGS. Un modèle de l'AGS utilisant le code Zgoubi a pout cette reaison été développé et interfacé avec le système actuel par une simple commande: l'AgsFromSnapRampCmd. L'interfa ̧age avec le système de contrôle de la machine permet la modélisation rapide en utilisant les paramètres de réels la machine. Ces développements ont permis de reproduire fidèlement l'optique de l'AGS le long du cycle d'accéleration. Des développements supplémentaires sur le code Zgoubi, ainsi que sur des outils de post-traitement et de pré-traitement, ont fourni au code la possibilité de suivre les faisceaux sur de nombreux tours, ce qui s'avère être fondamental pour une représentation realiste du cycle d'accélération complet de la machine. Des simulations de faisceaux sur de nombreux tours dans l'AGS, en utilisant des conditions réalistes de faisceau et de machine, ont fourni une unique vision des les mécanismes sous-jacents de l'évolution de l'émittance et de la polarisation du faisceau au cours du cycle d'accélération. Des programmes de post-traitement ont été développés pour permettre la représentation des quantités pertinentes des données simulées par Zgoubi.Les simulations se sont avérées particulièrement utiles pour mieux comprendre les pertes de polarisation à travers résonances horizontales intrinsèques de spin. Le modèle Zgoubi ainsi que les outils développés ont également été utilisées pour certaines applications directes. Par exemple, les simulations d'expériences de faisceau ont permis l'estimation précise des gains de polarisation attendus en fonction des changements apportés. En particulier, des simulations d'expériences impliquant le système de saut des nombres d'onde ont fournis des estimations précises de la polarisation gagné et permis le choix des conditions optimales de la machine. / The AGS provides a polarized proton beam to RHIC. The beam is accelerated in the AGS from Gγ = 4.5 to Gγ = 45.5 and the polarization transmission is critical to the RHIC spin program. In the recent years, various systems were implemented to improve the AGS polarization transmission. These upgrades include the double partial snakes configuration and the tune jumps system. However, 100 % polarization transmission through the AGS acceleration cycle is not yet reached. The current efficiency of the polarization transmission is estimated to be around 85 % in typical running conditions. Understanding the sources of depolarization in the AGS is critical to improve the AGS polarized proton performances. The complexity of beam and spin dynamics, which is in part due to the specialized Siberian snake magnets, drove a strong interest for original methods of simulations. For that, the Zgoubi code, capable of direct particle and spin tracking through field maps, was here used to model the AGS. A model of the AGS using the Zgoubi code was developed and interfaced with the current system through a simple command: the AgsFromSnapRampCmd. Interfacing with the machine control system allows for fast modelization using actual machine parameters. Those developments allowed the model to realistically reproduce the optics of the AGS along the acceleration ramp. Additional developments on the Zgoubi code, as well as on post-processing and pre-processing tools, granted long term multiturn beam tracking capabilities: the tracking of realistic beams along the complete AGS acceleration cycle. Beam multiturn tracking simulations in the AGS, using realistic beam and machine parameters, provided a unique insight into the mechanisms behind the evolution of the beam emittance and polarization during the acceleration cycle. Post-processing softwares were developed to allow the representation of the relevant quantities from the Zgoubi simulations data. The Zgoubi simulations proved particularly useful to better understand the polarization losses through horizontal intrinsic spin resonances The Zgoubi model as well as the tools developed were also used for some direct applications. For instance, some beam experiment simulations allowed an accurate estimation of the expected polarization gains from machine changes. In particular, the simulations that involved involved the tune jumps system provided an accurate estimation of polarization gains and the optimum settings that would improve the performance of the AGS.

L'AGS fournit un faisceau de proton polarisé à RHIC. Le faisceau est accéléré dans l'AGS de Gγ = 4.5 à Gγ = 45.5 et la transmission de la polarisation est critique pour le programme de spin de RHIC. Au cours des dernières années, divers systèmes ont été mis en œuvre pour améliorer la transmission de la polarisation dans l'AGS. Ces améliorations consistent essentiellement en l'introduction de deux serpents Siberien partiels et du system de saut de nombre d'onde. Cependant, la transmission de la polarisation n'atteint pas encore 100 % durant le cycle d'accélération de l'AGS. L'efficacité actelle de la transmission de la polarisation est estimée à environ 85 % dans les conditions de fonctionnement typiques. Comprendre les sources de dépolarisation dans l'AGS est essentiel pour améliorer les performances en protons polarisés de la machine. La dynamique complexe de faisceau et de spin, notamment en présence des aimaint spécialisés appelé serpent Sibériens, justifient le fort intérÃa t pour des méthodes de simulation originales. Le code Zgoubi, capable de résoudre l'équation du mouvement et de l'évolution du spin directement à partir d'une carte de champs, est utilisé pour modéliser l'AGS. Un modèle de l'AGS utilisant le code Zgoubi a pout cette reaison été développé et interfacé avec le système actuel par une simple commande: l'AgsFromSnapRampCmd. L'interfa ̧age avec le système de contrôle de la machine permet la modélisation rapide en utilisant les paramètres de réels la machine. Ces développements ont permis de reproduire fidèlement l'optique de l'AGS le long du cycle d'accéleration. Des développements supplémentaires sur le code Zgoubi, ainsi que sur des outils de post-traitement et de pré-traitement, ont fourni au code la possibilité de suivre les faisceaux sur de nombreux tours, ce qui s'avère être fondamental pour une représentation realiste du cycle d'accélération complet de la machine. Des simulations de faisceaux sur de nombreux tours dans l'AGS, en utilisant des conditions réalistes de faisceau et de machine, ont fourni une unique vision des les mécanismes sous-jacents de l'évolution de l'émittance et de la polarisation du faisceau au cours du cycle d'accélération. Des programmes de post-traitement ont été développés pour permettre la représentation des quantités pertinentes des données simulées par Zgoubi.Les simulations se sont avérées particulièrement utiles pour mieux comprendre les pertes de polarisation à travers résonances horizontales intrinsèques de spin. Le modèle Zgoubi ainsi que les outils développés ont également été utilisées pour certaines applications directes. Par exemple, les simulations d'expériences de faisceau ont permis l'estimation précise des gains de polarisation attendus en fonction des changements apportés. En particulier, des simulations d'expériences impliquant le système de saut des nombres d'onde ont fournis des estimations précises de la polarisation gagné et permis le choix des conditions optimales de la machine. / The AGS provides a polarized proton beam to RHIC. The beam is accelerated in the AGS from Gγ = 4.5 to Gγ = 45.5 and the polarization transmission is critical to the RHIC spin program. In the recent years, various systems were implemented to improve the AGS polarization transmission. These upgrades include the double partial snakes configuration and the tune jumps system. However, 100 % polarization transmission through the AGS acceleration cycle is not yet reached. The current efficiency of the polarization transmission is estimated to be around 85 % in typical running conditions. Understanding the sources of depolarization in the AGS is critical to improve the AGS polarized proton performances. The complexity of beam and spin dynamics, which is in part due to the specialized Siberian snake magnets, drove a strong interest for original methods of simulations. For that, the Zgoubi code, capable of direct particle and spin tracking through field maps, was here used to model the AGS. A model of the AGS using the Zgoubi code was developed and interfaced with the current system through a simple command: the AgsFromSnapRampCmd. Interfacing with the machine control system allows for fast modelization using actual machine parameters. Those developments allowed the model to realistically reproduce the optics of the AGS along the acceleration ramp. Additional developments on the Zgoubi code, as well as on post-processing and pre-processing tools, granted long term multiturn beam tracking capabilities: the tracking of realistic beams along the complete AGS acceleration cycle. Beam multiturn tracking simulations in the AGS, using realistic beam and machine parameters, provided a unique insight into the mechanisms behind the evolution of the beam emittance and polarization during the acceleration cycle. Post-processing softwares were developed to allow the representation of the relevant quantities from the Zgoubi simulations data. The Zgoubi simulations proved particularly useful to better understand the polarization losses through horizontal intrinsic spin resonances The Zgoubi model as well as the tools developed were also used for some direct applications. For instance, some beam experiment simulations allowed an accurate estimation of the expected polarization gains from machine changes. In particular, the simulations that involved involved the tune jumps system provided an accurate estimation of polarization gains and the optimum settings that would improve the performance of the AGS.

The topic of this graduate thesis is the inclusive education programme Step by Step. More specifically, the work focuses on the attitude of the involved teachers and parents to this phenomenon. The theoretical bases are focused on the definition of the terminologically unclear terms of inclusion and integration, they outline their historical and legislative development as well as the overall intention and summarize the main components which influence its high-quality course. One part of the thesis also focuses on the characteristics of the participants and the base of this education, and also on the psychological aspects influencing the attitude of an individual. Last but not least, the work also deals with the programme Step by Step, with the summary of its inclusive principals and comparison of the publication: Kompetentní učitel 21. století: Mezinárodní profesní rámec kvality ISSA (2011) s dokumentem Profil inkluzivního učitele (Evropská agentura, 2012). The aim of the work was to map attitudes of several teachers of this programme to the joint education and to find out by using one example of a suitable inclusive practice whether the valuable work of a teacher positively projects into the minds of the parents and pupils of this class. To determine the results, observation method and...

This diploma thesis is focused on discovering pre-writing and pre-reading developmental skills in preschools with the "Step by Step" programme and a traditional preschool programme. The theoretical part is focused on explaining school maturity and school readiness, analysing pre-writing and pre-reading skills, analysing Framework Education Programme for Preschools within the frame of these skills and introduction of working principals in preschools with a "Step by Step" programme. The aim of the practical part of this diploma thesis was to discover the preschool children's level of pre-writing and pre-reading developmental skills with the "Step by Step" programme in comparison with a traditional preschool programme. Data were collected by using a mixed method research design: a questionnaire, an observation, worksheets and didactic games were used. One hundred and eight children participated in this research in September 2018. The research was repeated in May 2019 with participation of one hundred and five children. Eleven teachers filled up the questionnaire. The research results shown that the children from preschools with "Step by Step" gained better results overall when filling worksheets in comparison with the children from preschools following the traditional preschool programme in September...