Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:20:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Erika Dias Machado Costa De Farias.pdf: 516302 bytes, checksum: c6e8f98c47ed9d92aed68b0ae8b2d920 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-17 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Currently many judged the modulation effects of the decision of unconstitutionality on tax matters in the Supreme Court, as provided in Article 27 of Law 9.868/99 have been seen. For the examination of the topic, we analyze the theories of nullity and voidableness. The modulation of temporal effects is a form of mitigation to the theory of nullity of the act unconstitutionality, for it prevents the adoption retroactive effectiveness of the decisions as unconstitutional, assuming that an unconstitutional norm is to be valid and effective until its declaration of incompatibility with the Constitution or even from other time established by the Supreme Court. The consequences of decisions by the Supreme Court at various stages of the cycle of positive tax responsible for the creation, modification and termination of normative acts in the Direct Action of Unconstitutionality impact directly on understanding the effects of their decisions on the legal system. In this context, we intend to analyze more closely the controversial issues regarding the temporal modulation of the effects of the declaration of unconstitutionality, in the tax field, aiming to promote a solution in the cases analyzed IPI's credit-premium, IPI zero rate, COFINS exemption on gross operating revenues of uniprofessional societies, unconstitutionality of COFINS and PIS basis of calculation inclusion in ICMS / Atualmente tem-se verificado grande número de julgados contendo a modulação de efeitos da decisão de inconstitucionalidade em matéria tributária no Supremo Tribunal Federal, conforme disposto do artigo 27 da Lei 9.868/99. Para o exame do tema, faz-se uma análise das teorias da anulabilidade e nulidade. A modulação dos efeitos temporais é uma forma de atenuação à teoria da nulidade do ato inconstitucional, pois impede a adoção de eficácia retroativa das decisões de inconstitucionalidade, admitindo-se que uma norma inconstitucional seja válida e eficaz até a sua declaração de incompatibilidade com a Constituição ou mesmo a partir de outro momento estabelecido pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal. Os reflexos das decisões proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal nas diversas etapas do ciclo de positivação responsáveis pela criação, modificação e extinção dos atos normativos em sede da Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade impactam, diretamente, na compreensão dos efeitos de suas decisões sobre o ordenamento jurídico. Nesse contexto, pretende-se analisar mais detidamente as questões controversas a respeito da modulação temporal dos efeitos da declaração de inconstitucionalidade, no campo tributário, com o intuito promover uma solução nos casos analisados de Crédito Prêmio de IPI, IPI alíquota zero, isenção da COFINS incidente sobre as receitas das sociedades uniprofissionais, inconstitucionalidade da inclusão da base de cálculo da COFINS e do PIS no ICMS

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Aparecida Cimardi.pdf: 1385322 bytes, checksum: a491bfd495839b832e44a24d24a264e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-18 / This thesis aims to analyze the current role of jurisprudence in the face of Brazilian legal system. First, the historical aspects that led to the evolution of the concept of legal system were presented. From these considerations, the following approaches were conducted: (i) historical delineation of the development of law enforcement, especially in the Civil Law legal system, showing how mass society demanded that the Brazilian legislator implanted new trial procedural techniques; (ii) presentation of the concepts of jurisprudence and judicial precedents to the Brazilian legal system; (iii) demonstration of need for the jurisprudence to be dedicated to standardization, function to be exercised by superior courts (Supreme Justice Court and Supreme Federal Court; (iv) demonstration that the performance of this function results a paradigm for future trials and, therefore, comply with the ideals of stability and predictability of the legal system; (v) exposure that uniform jurisprudence of higher courts can and must undergo changes, being inadmissible sudden and unjustified changes; (vi) demonstration of the importance of judicial precedents in the Brazilian legal system, as conductors of uniform jurisprudence; (vii) exposure of standardization techniques of jurisprudence governed by civil process, and (viii) new discipline of the subject, presented in the Draft ot Civil Process Law. As a result of the research, it was found that uniform jurisprudence of higher courts integrates the meaning of rules, reason why it is the structuring element of the legal system, hence it should be observed in future trials, throughout society and the Administration. We sought, therefore, to develop a methodical study, based on extensive local and foreign literature, which intended to establish a current legal framework of the uniform jurisprudence of higher courts and techniques for jurisprudence standardization / Esta tese tem como objetivo principal analisar o atual papel da jurisprudência em face do sistema jurídico brasileiro. Primeiramente, foram apresentados os aspectos históricos que resultaram na evolução do conceito de sistema jurídico. A partir de tais considerações, foram realizadas as seguintes abordagens: (i) delineamento histórico do desenvolvimento da aplicação do direito em concreto, especialmente no sistema jurídico do civil Law, evidenciando como a sociedade de massa exigiu que o legislador brasileiro implantasse novas técnicas processuais de julgamento; (ii) exposição dos conceitos de jurisprudência e precedentes judiciais para o sistema jurídico brasileiro; (iii) demonstração da necessidade de a jurisprudência ser vocacionada à uniformização, função a ser desempenhada pelos tribunais superiores (Superior Tribunal de Justiça e Supremo Tribunal Federal; (iv) demonstração de que a jurisprudência uniforme resulta em paradigma de julgamentos futuros e, por essa razão, cumprir com os ideais da previsibilidade e estabilidade do sistema jurídico; (v) exposição de que a jurisprudência uniforme dos tribunais superiores podem e devem sofrer mudanças, sendo inadmissíveis as transformações bruscas e injustificadas; (vi) demonstração da importância dos precedentes judiciais no sistema jurídico brasileiro, como condutores da jurisprudência uniforme; (vii) exposição das técnicas de uniformização de jurisprudência disciplinadas pelo processo civil; e (viii) nova disciplina do tema, apresentada no Projeto de Código de Processo Civil. Como resultado da pesquisa, constatou-se que a jurisprudência uniforme dos tribunais superiores integra o sentido das normas, razão pela qual é elemento estruturante do sistema jurídico e, por isso, deve ser observada em julgamentos futuros, por toda a sociedade e pela Administração. Buscou-se, assim, elaborar um trabalho metódico, baseado em ampla bibliografia nacional e estrangeira, que pretendeu estabelecer o enquadramento jurídico atual da jurisprudência uniforme dos tribunais superiores e das técnicas de uniformização de jurisprudência

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lilian Regina Ioti Henrique Gaspar.pdf: 915540 bytes, checksum: 3bd23f09c211003c63c6611d95e11d21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-10 / Both the Common Law legal systems and the Civil Law jurisdictions, aims to guard legal certainty and equality, given that these principles are essential to ensuring a fair and equitable society. This paper will demonstrate the importance of predictability for the establishment of a state founded on these principles. In this sense, become relevant the Supreme Courts, to the extent that they are responsible for giving unit to the law, that can be achieved through the establishment of precedents, to be followed by hierarchically lower courts. Thus, the idea that the judiciary is the body that acts, alone, in the resolution of individual disputes is obsolete and no longer consistent with the notion of system that must prevail in any legal system. It is based on the positions adopted by the judiciary that citizens should guide their conduct. Therefore, for the judicial system to be effective and can provide legal certainty and equality for citizens, there must be mechanisms to confer binding to judicial precedents. Given this, will then be focused the technique of repetitive extraordinary and special appeals trial, introduced in our legal system by the Acts 11.418 passed in 2006 and 11.472 passed in 2008, through the articles 543-B and 543-C of the Civil Procedure Code, as a way to demonstrate their ability to provide predictability to the law, by giving unity to its interpretation, enabling identical cases receive the same solution of the judiciary. Within this perspective this work, which, in a critical way, try to force a larger reflection on the institutes involved will be developed / Tanto os sistemas jurisdicionais de Common Law, quanto as jurisdições de Civil Law, tem por objetivo o resguardo da segurança jurídica e da isonomia, tendo em vista que tais princípios são essenciais para a garantia de uma sociedade justa e igualitária. O presente trabalho demonstrará a importância da previsibilidade do direito para o estabelecimento de um Estado fundado nesses preceitos. Nesse sentido, ganham relevância os Tribunais de Cúpula, na medida em que são eles os responsáveis por conceder unidade ao direito, unidade esta que pode ser alcançada por meio do estabelecimento de precedentes, que devem ser seguidos pelos tribunais hierarquicamente inferiores. Assim, a ideia de que o Judiciário é órgão que atua, tão somente, na resolução dos conflitos individuais é obsoleta e não mais condiz com a noção de sistema, que deve imperar em qualquer ordenamento jurídico. Com efeito, é com base nas posições adotadas pelo Poder Judiciário que os cidadãos devem pautar suas condutas. Portanto, para que o sistema jurisdicional seja efetivo e consiga proporcionar segurança jurídica e isonomia aos cidadãos, deve haver mecanismos capazes de conferir força obrigatória aos precedentes judiciais. Diante disso, será, então, enfocada a técnica de julgamento de recursos extraordinários e especiais repetitivos, introduzida em nosso ordenamento jurídico pelas Leis 11.418 de 2006 e 11.472 de 2008, por meio dos arts. 543-B e 543-C, do Código de Processo Civil, como forma de demonstrar a sua capacidade de assegurar previsibilidade ao direito, ao conceder unidade à sua interpretação, possibilitando que casos idênticos recebam a mesma solução do Judiciário. Dentro dessa ótica será desenvolvido este trabalho, que, de uma maneira crítica, tentará forçar uma maior reflexão acerca dos institutos envolvidos

The New Technologies of Information and Communication, especially the Internet, have significantly impacted the way in which the human being relates to everything that surrounds him. In the Information Society, there is a need to extend the concept of privacy, to cover situations in which data or personal information are made available on the global computer network without having an effective public interest. Thus, a doctrinal and jurisprudential current emerges, which is in line with the idea that the excess memory caused by the Internet's ample storage capacity has made human beings unable to detach themselves from the past, being persecuted, For the rest of his life, for his misunderstandings. It speaks of the possibility of applying the right to virtual forgetfulness, due to the protection of the dignity of the human person and the right to privacy, as the prerogative of the human being not to be eternally persecuted for acts or facts of the past that Have no legitimate public interest. The right to forgetfulness comes from the criminal field, and its application, in a civil sphere, especially in relation to the possibility of suppression or concealment of personal data or personal information of the Internet search engines, is what makes the subject new and relevant. Thus, the present research investigates how the Supreme Courts of Brazil and the Spanish Supreme Court are facing the issue in question. We sought to present meeting points between the criteria adopted for decision-making, establishing theoretical frameworks that allow the weighting between conflicting rights, namely, freedom of expression and protection of privacy. / As Novas Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação, em especial a Internet, têm impactado significativamente a maneira como o ser humano se relaciona com tudo aquilo que o cerca. Na Sociedade da Informação, surge a necessidade de ampliação do conceito de privacidade, para abarcar situações nas quais os dados ou as informações pessoais são disponibilizados na rede mundial de computadores sem que tenham efetivo interesse público. Surge, assim, uma corrente doutrinária e jurisprudencial que vai ao encontro da ideia de que o excesso de memória, provocado pela ampla capacidade de armazenamento da Internet, resta por fazer com que o ser humano fique impossibilitado de se desligar do passado, sendo perseguido, por toda a vida, por seus equívocos. Fala-se, assim, na possibilidade de aplicação do direito ao esquecimento virtual, decorrente da tutela da dignidade da pessoa humana e do direito à privacidade, como a prerrogativa que tem o ser humano de não ser perseguido eternamente por atos ou fatos do passado que não tenham legítimo interesse público. O direito ao esquecimento é oriundo do campo penal, sendo que sua aplicação, em âmbito cível, em especial em relação à possibilidade de supressão ou ocultamento de dados ou informações pessoais verdadeiras dos mecanismos de busca da Internet, é o que torna o tema novo e relevante. Sendo assim, a presente pesquisa investiga como os Tribunais Superiores do Brasil e o Tribunal Supremo Espanhol vêm enfrentando o tema em questão. Buscou-se apresentar pontos de encontro entre os critérios adotados para a tomada de decisão, estabelecendo balizas teóricas que possibilitem a realização da ponderação entre os direitos em conflito, quais sejam, a liberdade de expressão e a tutela da privacidade.

The Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 provides an elaborate dispute resolution system which seeks to resolve disputes in a speedy and cost-effective manner. However, this system is faced with a number of challenges. The application of common law and administrative law causes tension between the Labour Court and civil courts. It creates uncertainty in the development of our labour law jurisprudence and also leads to the problem of forum shopping. These problems in effect undermine the objectives of the Act. This dissertation analyzes problems in the LRA and other legislations leading to forum shopping. It also analyses the view of the courts on this problem and further expounds a number of possible solutions. The analysis revolves mainly around an observation of South African literature and case law. / Mercantile Law / LL.M.

The law of civil procedure is an important branch of South African law as it resolves individual civil disputes through a regulated judicial system. Mandatory statutes and rules regulate the processes when bringing disputes to court. For example, the Superior Courts Act 10 of 2013, regulates the superior courts, while the provisions of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 32 of 1944, as well as the Small Claims Court Act 61 of 1984, control the lower courts. Further, a series of court rules ensure efficient operation of different courts and support the overarching legislation. For example, the Constitutional Court Rules, Rules Regulating the Conduct of the Proceedings of the Supreme Court of Appeal, Uniform Rules of Court, Magistrates’ Courts’ Rules, and the Rules of Small Claims Court support the implementation of legislation. The researcher submits, however, that the current legislative provisions, and their enabling rules, are not fully complementing the Electronic Communication and Transactions Act 25 of 2002 and are thereby impeding the growth of e-technology law in South Africa. Put differently, they do not embrace the use of e-technology and digital devices. It appears that in future civil proceedings will occur electronically through digital and e-technology devices. Present legislation does not cater for this practical reality. This calls for South African courts to, for example, install satellite devices that will ease the use of e- technology in civil proceedings. The researcher avers that there have been attempts by the Constitutional Court and Supreme Court of Appeal to enable electronic communication through their websites, but this is insufficient to effectively implement the provisions of the Electronic Communications and Transactions Act 25 of 2002 especially insofar as service of process. The courts have effectively moved away from the decision in Narlis v SA Bank of Athens, which excluded computer-generated evidence and there have been attempts by South African courts in recent decisions to appreciate the use of e-technology. For example, in CMC Woodworking Machinery v Odendaal Kitchens the court, for the first time, acknowledged service of court papers via Facebook. Further, in Spring Forest Trading v Wilbery, the Supreme Court of Appeal confirmed that electronic communication such e-mail, can be used to cancel agreements, even where parties incorporated a non-variation clause into the agreement. However, there is an urgent need to review and amend South African statutes and rules to fully acknowledge the fact that e-technology is a constantly evolving modern reality. Therefore, South African laws and rules ought to be in-line with e-technology developments and competitive with international jurisdictions such as England, the United States of America and Canada. The rules of these jurisdictions realise the use of e-technology and digital e-technology, particularly in England where a pilot project that facilitates the use of e-technology and digital e-technology in civil proceedings, is already in place. The time has come to fully employ e-technology and digital e- technology law within South African law of civil procedure. This research investigates the possibility, and practical implications, thereof. / Criminal and Procedural Law / LL. D.

The Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 provides an elaborate dispute resolution system which seeks to resolve disputes in a speedy and cost-effective manner. However, this system is faced with a number of challenges. The application of common law and administrative law causes tension between the Labour Court and civil courts. It creates uncertainty in the development of our labour law jurisprudence and also leads to the problem of forum shopping. These problems in effect undermine the objectives of the Act. This dissertation analyzes problems in the LRA and other legislations leading to forum shopping. It also analyses the view of the courts on this problem and further expounds a number of possible solutions. The analysis revolves mainly around an observation of South African literature and case law. / Mercantile Law / LL.M.