Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii, 1978. / Vita. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 804-826). Also issued in print.

This thesis evaluates different sites for a weather measurement system and a suitable PV- simulation for University of Surabaya (UBAYA) in Indonesia/Java. The weather station is able to monitor all common weather phenomena including solar insolation. It is planned to use the data for scientific and educational purposes in the renewable energy studies. During evaluation and installation it falls into place that official specifications from global meteorological organizations could not be meet for some sensors caused by the conditions of UBAYA campus. After arranging the hardware the weather at the site was monitored for period of time. A comparison with different official sources from ground based and satellite bases measurements showed differences in wind and solar radiation. In some cases the monthly average solar insolation was deviating 42 % for satellite-based measurements. For the ground based it was less than 10 %. The average wind speed has a difference of 33 % compared to a source, which evaluated the wind power in Surabaya. The wind direction shows instabilities towards east compared with data from local weather station at the airport. PSET has the chance to get some investments to investigate photovoltaic on there own roof. With several simulations a suitable roof direction and the yearly and monthly outputs are shown. With a 7.7 kWpeak PV installation with the latest crystalline technology on the market 8.82 MWh/year could be achieved with weather data from 2012. Thin film technology could increase the value up to 9.13 MWh/year. However, the roofs have enough area to install PV. Finally the low price of electricity in Indonesia makes it not worth to feed in the energy into the public grid.

This research aimed to investigate land use change in the area surrounding the Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER) in Surabaya, Indonesia. It was found that the industrial location has encouraged unplanned land use occupation, particularly the growth of informal sector activities. Analysis of government action sees the existence of the informal sector as a problem due to its non-taxpayer status, its illegal occupation of land and the poor environment and image it creates for the wider city. The government’s response to such a situation is to bulldoze the activities and associated development. The land use change that has occurred in the study area identified a precinct designated for residential uses that is currently occupied by commercial activity. This research identified the networks between the formal industrial activity in the industrial estate, and this commercial activity, both formal and informal. It also assessed the impact of the surrounding residential community on land use change. The study then analysed the planning approaches adopted that attempt to segregate land use between industrial and non-industrial uses and the attempts to limit the development of an informal, unplanned, unregulated land use. The study found that the current zoning regulations adopted from developed countries face many implementation problems particularly in providing for the accommodation of a large number of rural migrants. The appropriateness of land use segregation via zoning regulations to minimize the negative impact of industrial activity and to optimise the benefit of industrial land use networks was evaluated. The study recommends the creation of a more flexible and updated planning approach to land use change in Indonesia.

Le logement est l’un des besoins fondamentaux de l’homme, comme la nourriture et le vêtement. Or, les régions métropolitaines de Jakarta et de Surabaya font face à une crise du logement. La pénurie de logements a atteint 1, 02 million dans le « Grand Jakarta » et 46 058 dans le « Grand Surabaya » en 2015. Cette étude décrit le déséquilibre entre la demande et l’offre de logements dans ces deux régions métropolitaines, et les efforts des différents acteurs (publics et privés) à trois époques différentes : « l’Ordre Ancien », « l’Ordre Nouveau », et « la Réforme/ Démocratie décentralisée » pour résoudre ce problème. Cette étude cherche en outre à lister les difficultés rencontrées par tous les acteurs dans la construction de logements décents et abordables depuis l’ère de « la démocratie décentralisée ». Enfin, cette étude examine la stratégie de coopération multi-acteurs qui a été adoptée pour réduire la pénurie de logements depuis « la Réforme ». Cette stratégie semble prometteuse car les acteurs partagent leurs rôles de sorte que la mise en œuvre des projets de construction de logements bon marché devient plus réalisable, notamment dans les grandes régions urbaines. / Housing is one of the basic needs, like food and clothing. However, the metropolitan areas of Jakarta (Jabodetabek) and Surabaya (Gerbangkertosusila) are dealing with a huge housing shortage. In 2015, the number of housing needs has reached 1, 02 million in the "Greater Jakarta" and 46.058 in the "Greater Surabaya". Due to this issue, the study firstly describes the imbalance between supply and demand of low-cost housing in these two metropolitan areas, and then the attempts of the various actors involved (public and private) to solve this problem since the nation’s independence era until the presents days (“Old Order”, “New Order”, and the “Reform/ Democratic decentralisation”). Secondly, this study explores different factors that interfere the supply of affordable housing during the era of "democratic decentralisation”. Finally, this study examines several multi-actors cooperation strategies that were adopted lately to reduce the housing shortage. These strategies seem promising because each actor are capable of sharing their roles so that the implementation of low-cost housing development projects can become more feasible, especially if they will be implemented in the large urban areas.

Denna rapport har delats in i två delar, där den första delen fokuserar på den praktiskatillämpningen av konstruktionen och den andra delen fokuserar på skolans design ochfunktion. Detta för att designen ska byggas på vetenskapliga grunder, där det är bevisat attprocessen är genomförbar och har ett syfte.Ett av världens största hälsoproblem idag är bristen på rent dricksvatten. Globalt saknar entredjedel av befolkningen tillgång till rent vatten. Ett av de 17 globala målen som FN arbetarmot i Agenda 2030 är mål nummer sex, att alla ska ha tillgång till rent vatten och sanitet.Denna studie belyser hur man kan arbeta för att uppnå detta mål.En stad där vattenkvaliteten är dålig är i Surabaya, Indonesien. Surabaya är en stad med nästantio miljoner invånare i stor-Surabaya, belägen i Östra Java. Trots att Indonesien har en avvärldens största tillgångar på färskvatten genom sjöar och floder i världen är Brantasfloden,som är huvudkällan till vattenförsörjningen för staden, långt ifrån drickbart. Förutom att tafärskvatten från sjöar och floder kan regnvatten vara en bra källa till säkert dricksvatten.Ett bra exempel är Bermuda som med flera hundra års erfarenhet samlar in och renar vattnetgenom deras vita kalkstensbelagda tak. Studien har fokuserat på möjligheterna attimplementera denna struktur i Surabaya, placerad på en skola, eftersom barnen är en prioritet.Denna konstruktion skulle kunna göra det möjligt att få rent dricksvatten rakt ur kran medhjälp av landets egna naturresurser. Nederbörd är inte det enda landet har att tillgå för att enskola ska kunna bli självförsörjande. Studierna för del ett visar att en skola kan blisjälvförsörjande på både el och vatten med hjälp av naturtillgångarna som finns. Det finnstillräckligt med soltimmar och nederbörd för att kunna täcka försörjningen av en skola. Genomatt studera miljön, tillgången på material, risker och möjligheter samt hanteringen avavloppsvatten och ytterligare filtreringsmetoder kan man dra slutsatsen att uppfinningen ävenkan användas i Surabaya.Del två visar att det går att utforma en skola med denna takkonstruktion i beaktande, förSurabayas kultur och förhållanden. / This report has been divided into two parts where the first one is focused on the practicalapplicability of the construction and the second part is focused on the design and function ofthe school. This is to ensure that the design is based on scientific principles, where it is proventhat the process is feasible and serves a purpose.One of the world's biggest health problems today is the lack of clean drinking water.Worldwide, a third of the population do not have access to clean water. It is on the UN agendato reach the goal of clean water and sanitation by the year 2030. This study highlightsstrategies and approaches to work towards achieving this goal.One city where the water quality is poor is Surabaya, Indonesia. Surabaya is a city with almostthree million people, located in East Java. Even though Indonesia has one of the biggest assetsof fresh water through lakes and rivers in the world, the Brantas river, which is the mainsource of water supply for the city, is far from drinkable. Aside from taking fresh water fromlakes and rivers, rainwater can be a great source for safe drinking water.A good example with hundred years of experience is Bermuda with their white limestoneroofs that collect and cleans the water. The focus of the report has been the possibilities toimplement this structure in Surabaya placed on a school, as the children are a priority.Studying the environment, access of materials, risks and possibilities as well as wastewaterhandling and additional filtration methods, it can be concluded that the invention can be usedin the proximity of Surabaya as well with some minor changes to the construction. Thecountry's precipitation is not the only resource available for a school to become self-sufficient.The results for part one indicate that a school can achieve self-sufficiency in both electricityand water by harnessing the existing natural resources. The country has an abundance ofsunlight hours and precipitation to sufficiently meet the needs of a school.Part two demonstrates that it is possible to design a school considering this roof structure,considering Surabaya's culture and conditions.

The adoption of modernisation as the national development strategy has put Indonesian cities at the centre of development for boosting economic advancement. Occasionally, as those cities grow through processes of densification and agglomeration, some of the indigenous settlement (kampung) areas are put at risk of disappearing under corporate sector investments. However to some extent there is an indication that the kampung dwellers, the corporate-sector developers and those who are involved in the wider activities of the corporate sector, have an economic and social symbiotic relationship. The aim of this research is to identify the processes of change in a low-income inner city neighbourhood’s community system, in an area that is being encroached upon by modern business activities and other aspect of modernity, to explore shifts between conventionally understood roles of the kampungs, and to speculate on present theory in throwing light on processes of change which might be able to lead to new paths for urban development. The research approach is to work through the relevant literature, and then to move on to a case study approach in an Indonesian city, through which it will be possible to reflect back on the efficacy of prevailing theory. Surabaya was chosen as a representative city and kampung Kaliasin as the observed area.