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The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between Brazilian multinationals and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The theoretical framework provides relevant information on CSR and on Sustainability-Oriented Innovation (SOI), which are the basis for the development of hypotheses. In order to collect data, an e-survey was conducted with Brazilian multinationals operating in different industries and segments; as result, we obtained 60 valid questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, a multivariate analysis was accomplished, which involved the procedures of canonical correlation and multiple linear regression. The descriptive analysis indicates that most Brazilian multinationals are headquartered in the Southeast region, especially in the State of São Paulo. The outcomes of the multivariate analysis provided empirical support for five hypothesis: there is a positive correlation between the constructs: i) guidelines for multinationals (defined by OECD and emphasized by several scholars) and the compliance with social and environmental regulation; ii) guidelines for multinationals and CSR as differentiation strategy; iii) compliance with social and environmental regulation and CSR as differentiation strategy; iv) SOI practices and guidelines for multinationals; and v) SOI practices and the compliance with social and environmental regulation. The results did not support the hypothesis that predicted a positive correlation between SOI practices and CSR as differentiation strategy. / O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a relação existente entre multinacionais brasileiras e Responsabilidade Socioambiental Corporativa (RSC). A fundamentação teórica proporciona informações relevantes sobre RSC e inovação para sustentabilidade, ambos os temas são a base para o desenvolvimento de hipóteses. Para a coleta de dados, uma survey eletrônica foi enviada para multinacionais brasileiras que atuam em diversos segmentos e indústrias; 60 questionários válidos foram obtidos. Para analisar os dados, o procedimento de análise multivariada foi aplicado, o qual envolveu os procedimentos de correlação canônica e regressão linear múltipla. A análise descritiva indica que a maior parte das multinacionais brasileiras está sediada na região sudeste, especialmente no Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados da análise multivariada foram suficientes para sustentar cinco hipóteses: existe, então, uma correlação positiva entre os constructos; i) diretrizes para multinacionais (definidas por órgão internacional - OECD - e enfatizadas por pesquisadores) e o cumprimento de regulamentações socioambientais; ii) diretrizes para multinacionais e RSC como estratégia de diferenciação; iii) o cumprimento de regulamentações socioambientais e RSC como estratégia diferenciação; iv) adoção de práticas de inovação para sustentabilidade e diretrizes para multinacionais; e v) práticas de inovação para sustentabilidade e o cumprimento de regulamentações socioambientais. Não houve suporte empírico para a hipótese que previa uma correlação positiva entre práticas de inovação para sustentabilidade e RSC como estratégia de diferenciação.

Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how to release the potential of industry-university collaborations promoting sustainability-oriented innovation by analyzing the projects between the University of Borås and the Swedish fashion industry. As a result, it is the aim to develop a model which increases the effectiveness of these project collaborations and thus drives forward sustainability-oriented innovations in order to increase sustainable development within universities and companies. In the scope of this model, factors are identified, which if managed correctly, increase the probability of the collaboration. The outcome is a good practice model for successful industry-university research collaborations. Methodology This research follows a qualitative approach, including abductive reasoning. Therefore, a comprehensive literature review is conducted, delivering the basis for semi-structured interviews which provide empirical data. The results of the interviews are coded according to a template discussion, analyzing frequently used words and phrases resulting into focus areas for this research. Findings The results show that the sustainability-oriented innovation projects promote the companies’ strategic sustainable development on a long-term perspective. The industry and the university receive comprehensive knowledge which is created through synergy effects. The investigation discovered that the main driver for industry and university is the development of new sustainability-oriented innovative business models and the obtaining of new valuable knowledge. Out of the findings, a model could be created, presenting factors found to have significant impact on the success of the projects. Contribution This thesis contributes to academia as well as industry by developing a framework for the release of the potential beneficial impact of industry-university collaborations on strategic sustainable development. Further, the findings support and encourage the collaborative work between the fashion industry and universities towards sustainable development in Sweden. Thereby, this thesis supports the interconnection of different sectors by bundling their capabilities and knowledge to create innovation and progress in society.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between Brazilian multinationals and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The theoretical framework provides relevant information on CSR and on Sustainability-Oriented Innovation (SOI), which are the basis for the development of hypotheses. In order to collect data, an e-survey was conducted with Brazilian multinationals operating in different industries and segments; as result, we obtained 60 valid questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, a multivariate analysis was accomplished, which involved the procedures of canonical correlation and multiple linear regression. The descriptive analysis indicates that most Brazilian multinationals are headquartered in the Southeast region, especially in the State of São Paulo. The outcomes of the multivariate analysis provided empirical support for five hypothesis: there is a positive correlation between the constructs: i) guidelines for multinationals (defined by OECD and emphasized by several scholars) and the compliance with social and environmental regulation; ii) guidelines for multinationals and CSR as differentiation strategy; iii) compliance with social and environmental regulation and CSR as differentiation strategy; iv) SOI practices and guidelines for multinationals; and v) SOI practices and the compliance with social and environmental regulation. The results did not support the hypothesis that predicted a positive correlation between SOI practices and CSR as differentiation strategy. / O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a relação existente entre multinacionais brasileiras e Responsabilidade Socioambiental Corporativa (RSC). A fundamentação teórica proporciona informações relevantes sobre RSC e inovação para sustentabilidade, ambos os temas são a base para o desenvolvimento de hipóteses. Para a coleta de dados, uma survey eletrônica foi enviada para multinacionais brasileiras que atuam em diversos segmentos e indústrias; 60 questionários válidos foram obtidos. Para analisar os dados, o procedimento de análise multivariada foi aplicado, o qual envolveu os procedimentos de correlação canônica e regressão linear múltipla. A análise descritiva indica que a maior parte das multinacionais brasileiras está sediada na região sudeste, especialmente no Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados da análise multivariada foram suficientes para sustentar cinco hipóteses: existe, então, uma correlação positiva entre os constructos; i) diretrizes para multinacionais (definidas por órgão internacional - OECD - e enfatizadas por pesquisadores) e o cumprimento de regulamentações socioambientais; ii) diretrizes para multinacionais e RSC como estratégia de diferenciação; iii) o cumprimento de regulamentações socioambientais e RSC como estratégia diferenciação; iv) adoção de práticas de inovação para sustentabilidade e diretrizes para multinacionais; e v) práticas de inovação para sustentabilidade e o cumprimento de regulamentações socioambientais. Não houve suporte empírico para a hipótese que previa uma correlação positiva entre práticas de inovação para sustentabilidade e RSC como estratégia de diferenciação.

The integration of innovation and sustainability has become important aspects for firms to consider in order to remain competitive. To address these issues and/or opportunities, firms need to have or acquire the knowledge and skills in order to have the capabilities necessary to implement and develop sustainable innovations. In a fluctuating market, the dynamic capabilities of a firm becomes important to address possible threats and opportunities prominent for sustainability-oriented innovations (SOI). In current literature, there is a lack of understanding on how the dynamic capabilities of a firm affect their ability to develop and implement SOI. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to explore how firms’ dynamic capabilities affect their ability to develop and implement SOI. To gather more in-depth insights about this phenomenon, this thesis conducted a single-case study on a firm operating in the greenhouse farming industry. The thesis concludes that the dynamic capabilities facilitate their abilities to develop and implement SOIs. Furthermore, eight microfoundations enabling dynamic capabilities were unveiled as key enablers of dynamic capabilities for firms ability to develop and implement SOIs. This thesis contributes to existing literature by acknowledging that the dynamic capabilities of a firm facilitate the development and implementation of SOI.

There is strong interest across industries and academia in exploring the potential of innovation to address global sustainability issues and hence assist in making a paradigm shift towardsmore sustainable practices. To overcome the challenges of sustainability it is not enough to inject incremental solutions but a paradigm shift should suggestively be aimed at. As a result Sustainability innovation is being approached more holistically as opposed to in the past when it mostly focused on process, product or organisational innovation. The concept ‘SustainabilityOriented Innovation’ (SOI) considers this holistic view and looks at innovation as a process or trajectory and considers sustainability from a both social, environmental as well as an economic perspective. For holistic solutions to arise it is evident that challenges need to be solved togetherin multi actor networks and not in an insular manner. Yet, researchers have in the past focused mostly on who should govern or be involved in sustainability innovation whilst there is a lack in understanding how it should be accomplished collectively. Understanding how different parties such as civil society, public authorities and industries can collaborate to create valuable solutions can be imperative for future sustainable development.By combining SOI with Actor Network Theory (ANT) this paper sheds light on how actors engage in SOI processes and form a multi-actor network. Actor Network Theory helps deciphering the innovation process, viewing it as non-linear and continuously evolving negotiation between multiple actors rather than as an insular and linear process. Two SOI cases are examined through the theoretical lens of ANT to investigate the innovation process through moments of translations rather than static stages. As the integration of SOI and ANT is under researched this paper makes a theoretical contribution by integrating the theories and thus enriching this area. Findings emphasise how the focal actor, in a SOI process, engages with other actors in the multi-actor network. The findings can hence assist actors in initiating or transitioning towards Systems building approach by shedding light on how to navigate the complexities of the process and engage with other actorsinvolved. / Det finns ett starkt intresse för både industrier och akademiker att utforska potentialen av innovationför att lösa överskuggande globala hållbarhetsproblem. För att övervinna hållbarhetsutmaningarnaräcker det inte med att injicera inkrementella lösningar, utan ett systemperspektiv bör anammasoch ansträngningar riktas mot att främja ett paradigmskifte. Hållbarhetsinnovation börjarlångsamt närma sig ett mer holistiskt tillvägagångssätt, från att tidigare fokuserat på process,produkt eller organisatorisk innovation. Konceptet “Sustainability Oriented Innovation” (SOI)anammar denna helhetssyn och ser innovation som en process eller resa och beaktar hållbarhet urbåde ett socialt, miljömässigt och ekonomiskt perspektiv. För att det ska uppstå systembyggandeoch holistiska lösningar är det uppenbart att utmaningarna måste lösas tillsammans, i nätverkav ett flertal individer samt samhällsaktörer och inte på insulära vis. Tidigare har forskare ändåfokuserat mest på vem som ska styra eller vilka som ska vara inblandade i hållbarhetsinnovation,medan det saknas en förståelse för hur det ska uppnås kollektivt. Det är därför avgörande förframtidens hållbarhetsutveckling att förstå hur olika parter, som det civila samhället, myndighetersamt industrier kan samarbeta för att skapa värdefulla lösningar.Genom att kombinera SOI med Actor Network Theory (ANT) utforskar denna text hur aktörerengagerar och interagerar i SOI-processer samt bildar mångfaldiga aktörnätverk. ANT hjälpertill att dechiffrera innovationsprocessen genom at beakta den som ickelinjär och kontinuerlig,som en förhandling mellan flera aktörer snarare än en ensidig och linjär process. Två olika typerav SOI processer undersöks genom ANTs teoretiska lins för att belysa dem genom ‘moments oftranslations’ snarare än statiska faser eller steg. Eftersom integrationen av SOI och ANT nästintilluteblivit i litteraturen är detta ett teoretiskt bidrag som berikar förståelsen för att kombinera de tvåteorierna. Resultaten betonar hur den centrala aktören, i en SOI-process, engagerar och interagerarmed andra aktörer. Slutsatens belyser hur man navigerar komplexiteten i hållbarhetsprocesser ochengagerar berörda aktörer. Den beskriver därmed hur organisationer och individer i praktiken kaninitiera eller övergå till holistiska metoder och anamma systemperspektiv.

A inovação orientada para a sustentabilidade (IOS) tem sido um dos posicionamentos assumidos por diversas empresas que afirmam contribuir para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Nessa perspectiva, as empresas reconhecem a problemática da escassez de recursos e de diversos problemas socioambientais e alinham sua estratégia de inovação para novos produtos e processos que, de alguma forma, poderiam ser considerados como sustentáveis. A fim de entender esse fenômeno por meio de uma lente teórica que leve em consideração os indivíduos inseridos nas atividades de inovação, este projeto teve como objetivo geral compreender a dinâmica de estruturação das práticas sociais dos processos de IOS. Como suporte teórico, foi utilizada a teoria da estruturação de Giddens (1984) e como estratégia metodológica adotou-se o estudo de caso, realizado junto a duas unidades de negócios de uma empresa multinacional. Foi possível descrever a estruturação das práticas que ocorrem no processo de inovação. Evidenciou-se que as práticas correntes de inovação têm suas estruturas ligadas fortemente às lógicas econômica e de competitividade. Tais práticas são altamente legitimadas e são praticamente inquestionáveis. Por outro lado, há elementos estruturantes, muitos deles ligados a uma visão mais abrangente do ator social e presente em vários sistemas sociais, dos quais os atores fazem parte, e que estão permitindo o surgimento, ainda que tímido, de práticas que poderiam ser entendidas como orientadas para a sustentabilidade. A partir do estudo de caso e da articulação da teoria da estruturação, este trabalho propõe um modelo de estruturação das práticas em processos de IOS. Observa-se que as estruturas da IOS apresentam elementos de esquemas interpretativos, normas e métricas e uma visão de legitimação que depende altamente do nível de mediação. Suportando essa orientação, vislumbra-se um elemento de visão de mundo e construção de significado sobre a sustentabilidade que é emergente. A agência do ator social também é considerada no modelo e elementos como mindset, rigidez da estrutura e posição social / hierárquica conferem uma dualidade, ora potencializadora, ora inibidora na mudança e surgimento de novas práticas / The sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI) has been one of the assumed positions by several companies that affirm to contribute to sustainable development. From this perspective, these companies acknowledge the problem of resources scarcity and many others socio-environmental problems. Additionally, they align their strategy of innovation to new products and processes that, in a certain way, could be considered as sustainable. Aiming to comprehend this phenomenon through a theoretical lens that takes into account the individuals inserted into the innovation activities, this project had as main objective to comprehend the dynamic of structuration of the social practices in the processes of SOI. As a theoretical background, it was applied the structuration theory of Giddens (1984) and as a methodological strategy was adopted the case study, carried out with two business unities of a multinational company. It was possible to describe the structuration of practices that take place in the innovation process. It was evidenced that the current innovation practices have their practices strongly anchored to the economic and competitiveness logics. These practices are highly legitimized and are likely unquestionable. On the other side, there are structural elements, most of them linked to a broader view of the social actor and present in several social systems which the actors are part of it, that are enabling the emergence, even weak, of practices that could be understood as oriented to sustainability. Through the case study and the articulation of the structuration theory, this work proposes a model of the structuration of the practices in SOI. It can be observed that the structures of the SOI show elements of interpretive schemas, norms and metrics and a vision of legitimation which depends highly on the level of mediation. Supporting this orientation, it can be seen an emergent element of a broader world vision and meaning construction about sustainability. The agency of the social actor is also taken into consideration in the model and elements as mindset, structure rigidity and social position / hierarchy gives a duality (sometimes enabler, sometimes restrictive) in the change and emergence of new practices

In recent decades, many multinational corporations have used nature inspired innovation (NII) strategies as a mechanism of sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI). In this context, these activities are typically initiated by sustainability or innovation managers who are seeking to utilise novel tools and approaches but generally do not have specific innovation goals. For some, NII is viewed as a new product development tool and for others, it is a broad perspective that defines a larger sustainability narrative for the organisation. This analysis of six cases describes the diversity of innovation types of NII in multinational corporations aiming to apply these models to sustainability-oriented innovation at multiple levels. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews (n=45) with NII team members from both inside and outside of the organisation. Additional data included internal project documents and web-based content associated with the NII projects. Cases were then compared and contrasted to identify patterns and anomalies of factors that influence the adoption of NII. While perceptions of NII were relatively consistent across cases, several factors were identified related to sustainability perspectives, the role of management, organisational structures, and innovation culture that influenced adoption. This thesis makes an original contribution to knowledge within the NII, sustainability-oriented innovation, and innovation adoption literatures by differentiating NII as an approach to SOI in MNCs, establishing an innovation typology in this context, and identifying three SOI narratives that influence the adoption of NII. Specific factors related to sustainability narratives, innovation culture and infrastructure, and management styles that support and inhibit SOI and NII in MNCs are used to distinguish three unique SOI narratives – Ambiguous, Accountable, and Aspirational. Conclusions suggest a NII readiness assessment may facilitate the adoption of NII by identifying the most effective approaches depending on the narrative of SOI within the company.

For the past decades, sustainability enhancement has become a necessity for ensuring a brighter future for the coming generations. Promoting technologybased innovation is seen as the main path for reaching the ambitious sustainable development goals. However, the academic literature about innovation highlights the need for an open innovation approach because sustainable innovations require consideration of complex issues throughout the entire product life cycle. Building on previous research on external collaboration and radical sustainability-oriented innovation, this qualitative single case study aims at extending the knowledge by particularly focusing on collaborative capabilities in the early development stages of publicly funded networks. The empirical findings were obtained through nine semi-structured interviews, and they were supported by available documentation, from the selected European research and development consortium within smart paper-based electronics. The outcome of the thesis is a framework summarizing success factors and challenges for the identified themes; capability, expectation, disposition, communication, management, commitment, and experience. Furthermore, the findings suggest that decision-making, preconditions, resourcing, and commitment, are the four main differences when comparing to collaborative capabilities in small and medium-sized enterprises, and large companies. Concerning managerial implications, top-level managers should carefully consider the strategic objectives of participating in networks, to guarantee organizational and personal commitment. / Under de senaste decennierna har hållbarhetstänket blivit en nödvändighet för att säkerställa en ljusare framtid för kommande generationer. Att främja teknikbaserad innovation ses som en huvudväg för att nå de ambitiösa målen för hållbar utveckling. Akademisk litteratur om innovation framhäver emellertid behovet av en öppen innovationsstrategi, eftersom hållbara innovationer kräver överväganden av komplexa problem under produktens hela livscykel. Med utgångspunkt i tidigare forskning kring externt samarbete och radikal hållbarhetsinriktad innovation, syftar denna kvalitativa fallstudie till att utöka kunskapen genom att särskilt fokusera på samverkansförmågor i de tidiga utvecklingsstadierna av offentligt finansierade nätverk. De empiriska resultaten erhölls genom nio semistrukturerade intervjuer och stöttades av tillgänglig dokumentation, från den utvalda europeiskt forsknings- och utvecklingskonsortium inom smart pappersbaserad elektronik. Resultatet av avhandlingen är ett ramverk som sammanfattar framgångsfaktorer och utmaningar för de identifierade teman; förmåga, förväntning, disposition, kommunikation, ledning, engagemang och erfarenhet. Dessutom tyder resultaten på att beslutsfattande, förutsättningar, resurser och engagemang är de fyra största skillnaderna när det gäller samarbetsförmågor i små och medelstora företag samt stora företag. Vad gäller ledarskap, bör chefer på toppnivå noga överväga de strategiska målen för deltagande i nätverk, för att garantera organisatoriskt och personligt engagemang

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No. of bitstreams: 1 TA Régis Sá - Versão final.pdf: 1389017 bytes, checksum: 97c7377b6be8f6a5b880fad7cad49613 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-27 / Este Trabalho Aplicado examina como se dá a incorporação de sustentabilidade na agenda de inovação do segmento de rótulos autoadesivos, através do estudo de caso da Novelprint, importante player do segmento no Brasil. Traz revisão da literatura sobre a conexão entre sustentabilidade e inovação no contexto das organizações, culminando no conceito de Sustainability-Oriented Innovation (SOI). A análise da incorporação de sustentabilidade na agenda de inovação, unidade de análise do estudo de caso, se dá por meio de modelos de SOI. Utiliza a metodologia de estudo de caso único, com dados coletados em entrevistas semi-estruturadas com profissionais do setor e da empresa estudada e analisados sob a ótica dos modelos SOI apresentados na revisão de literatura. O caso apresenta um modelo de negócio atípico no segmento por integrar verticalmente todas as etapas produtivas de autoadesivos: laminação, conversão e equipamentos de aplicação. A empresa estudada detém mais de cem patentes e possui em seu portfólio produtos com importantes atributos de sustentabilidade. Para contexto há uma análise setorial sobre o segmento de rótulos autoadesivos no Brasil, sua cadeia de fornecimento e perfil das empresas laminadoras e convertedoras destes materiais, além de estudar temas da sustentabilidade neste segmento. A análise revela não haver incorporação da sustentabilidade na agenda de inovação do segmento, ainda que existam ações de ecoeficiência, inerentes ao setor de embalagens. Não foram identificadas demandas externas explícitas como pressões de clientes e empresas usuárias, tão presentes em compromissos empresariais relacionados à sustentabilidade no setor de bens de consumo, ou mesmo de regulação, fazendo com que o tema da sustentabilidade esteja distante, não apenas da agenda de inovação, mas também à estratégia de sustentabilidade de forma mais ampla. O estudo revela ainda que, apesar de contar com produtos que apresentam vantagens em atributos sustentáveis, a empresa examinada não utiliza corretamente este diferencial em seu mercado de atuação, algo que é objeto de recomendações ao final do trabalho. Considerando-se o limitado poder de generalização deste estudo, o protagonismo da empresa no setor e seu perfil inovador, seria válido examinar se os achados deste estudo também se aplicam a outros players do segmento no país. / This paper examines the incorporation of sustainability aspects in the innovation’s agenda in the Brazilian pressure sensitive labels (PSL) market throw case study methodology, focused on Novelprint, an important player in this segment. Presents a literature review related to the connection between sustainability and innovation in organizations contexts, leading to the examination of the SustainabilityOriented Innovation (SOI) concept. The analysis of the incorporation of sustainability aspects in the innovation’s agenda, the analysis focus in the case study, occurs through SOI models. It uses the single case study methodology, with the data collected in semistructured interviews with professionals of the sector and the company and analyzed by the SOI models presented in the literature review. The case presents an atypical vertically business model, integrating all the structures of the PSL segment: coating & lamination, converting and label application machinery, owner of more than one hundred patents and with important attributes of sustainability in its products portfolio. To context this understanding, this present paper includes a PSL sectorial analysis in Brazil, their supply chain and the profile of coating & lamination and converting companies, besides studying the theme of sustainability in this segment. The analysis reveals that there’s no incorporation of sustainability in the innovation agenda, even though there are ecoefficiency actions inherent to the packaging sector. No external demands have been identified, as pressures from customers and end-user companies, so present in sustainable corporate commitments in the consumer goods sector, or even regulation, making the subject of sustainability far away, not only in relation to the innovation agenda, but also to the sustainability strategy in general. The study also reveals that, despite products with advantages in sustainable attributes in its portfolio, the company doesn’t use this differential correctly in its market, something that is object of recommendations at the end of the work. Considering the limited generalization power of this study, the company's role in the industry and its innovative profile, it would be worth exam if the findings of this study also apply to other players in the Brazilian PSL market.