The objective of this diploma thesis is to analyse the Swiss economy at the beginning of the third millennium, while the main emphasis is put on period since 2007, when the world economic crisis started on the finacial markets of United States of America and then spread to other parts of the globalized world. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the fundamental geographic, demographic, political, historical and economic facts about Switzerland. The second chapter explores the Swiss economy on the basis of main macroeconomical indicators as gross domestic product, inflation rate and rate of unemployment. There is also analyse of the balance of payments, the foreign trade and the international investment position of the country. The third chapter concludes the thesis with detailed description of the crisis and its effects on the Swiss economy and with futures prospects.

The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the politics of separatism in multinational federations. Switzerland, Canada, and India are investigated in detail. Switzerland is a multinational federation that has not experienced a separatist movement for more than one hundred and fifty years. In Canada, there is a significant separatist movement in the province of Quebec. India has experienced a number of violent secessionist crises in a number of states over the past two decades. The cases thus exhibit a range in the dependent variable (presence or absence of secessionist movements). This study adopts a legal-institutional approach to the problem of secession in multinational federations. This approach marries the classical understanding of federalism as a system of government with divided sovereignty to the more recent state-society and new institutional approaches in political science. Federalism is operationalized around three core institutions: constitutions, intergovernmental fiscal relations, and party systems. These three institutions are situated as the independent variables in the study. The dissertation argues that the institutional structure of federalism is a critical determinant of stability or instability (the presence or absence of secessionism) in multinational federations. / Arts, Faculty of / Political Science, Department of / Graduate

The paper deals with extarnalities in transport, position of Switzerland in european freight and situation in alpine freight in overall. Analyzes instruments applied in the swiss Road to rail transfer politics, infrastructure charging, rail infrastructure projects and development of freight in swiss alpine tunnels since 1980. The paper briefly discuses possible solitions with overlap into future of swiss trafic management projects.

The master's thesis deals with the determination of estimated market value of the pharmaceutical company Novartis Ltd. based on publicly available information for the needs of the owner and management. The estimated value of company refers to December 31, 2011. For this purpose, first, it is necessary to do a development analysis of macroeconomic indicators in the Czech market and analysis of pharmaceutical industry. In addition, the subsidiary company of Swiss group, but necessary also parent company as its the most "business partner" are presented. It is followed by financial analysis of the subsidiary branch Novartis Ltd., prognosis of value drivers, financial plan. In the final part of thesis, on the basic of the financial plan and assumption of company's continued existence, the value of company is determined, using discount methods with free cash flow to the equity.

A search for Higgs boson pairs produced in the decay of high mass exotic resonances is presented. The search uses the bb̄bb̄ final state, analyzing 139 fb⁻¹ of proton–proton collision data at √s = 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector. Spin-0 and spin-2 benchmark signal models are considered and no significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed. The search is combined with a complementary analysis for lower mass resonances to set upper limits on the production cross-section times HH branching ratio of new resonances in the mass range of 251 GeV to 5 TeV. In addition, the methodology for the in-situ calibration of a novel double-b-tagging algorithm (Xbb2020) using gluon to bb̄ decays is presented. Preliminary scale factors for Monte-Carlo simulation are computed using 139 fb⁻¹ of √s = 13 TeV pp collision data collected with the ATLAS detector. The completed calibration will allow the Xbb2020 algorithm to be used in future ATLAS searches for H → bb̄ decays.

Since 2007, Swiss caselaw has developed in a satisfactory manner with regard to the enforcement of multi-tiered clauses. Not only has the Swiss Federal Supreme Court clearly established the cumulative requirements that have to be met to enforce the pre-arbitral tier contained in a multi-tiered clause when a party does not comply with it and directly files an arbitration claim, but the Court has also resolved the question of how the arbitral tribunal should sanction such a violation. In contrast, the issue of the nature of multi-tiered clauses has never benefited from the same attention. Yet, this is a fundamental question as it primarily determines whether the Swiss Federal Supreme Court can review arbitral decisions on claims of non-compliance.   The thesis provides a critical assessment of how Swiss caselaw defines the nature of multi-tiered clauses. The author argues that classifying claims of non-compliance as raising a jurisdictional issue is a mistake and leads to an unjustified extension of the scope of judicial review through the application of art. 190(2)(b) PILA.

This paper seeks to explore why the people of Switzerland have preponderantly voted in favour of a strong military defence despite the reality of Swiss security in the 21st century being dependent on international collaboration outside the military arena. The conundrum is answered by determining the Swiss Federal Council’s strategic narrative regarding security, through examination of its explanatory texts in voting booklets between 1978 and 2020, finding that the matter of armed neutrality is a red thread. Either neutrality is used as justification of an act supported by the Federal Council, or that neutrality would be harmed by popular initiatives the Council does not endorse.

No description available.

This work presents the search for Dark Matter particles associated with the Higgs Boson decaying into a b b-bar quark pair. The dark matter search result is based on proton-proton collision data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector during Run II. The results are interpreted in the context of a simplified model (Z’-2HDM) which describes the interaction of dark matter and standard model particles via new heavy mediator particles. The new powerful Higgs tagging techniques, which exploit the jet substructure and heavy flavor information to a large extent, are developed to improve the search sensitivity of the search. The target physics signals are signature with an optimized search region and interpreted with background estimation result statistically.

This thesis investigates to what extent macroeconomic factors influence real estate stock prices before and after the outbreak of the financial crisis in 2007. This is carried out by examining the securitized real estate markets in Sweden and Switzerland by using descriptive statistics. Bivariate regressions are conducted for the macroeconomic factors; all share stock index, exchange rates, unemployment, inflation, term structure, money supply and real GDP per capita, to examine the marginal effect of each variable. The indexed developments and volatilities of each variable and correlations to the OMXS Real Estate and WUPIX-A are compiled to further facilitate an analysis. The results show that the macroeconomic effects on real estate stock prices differ among small economies and are inconsistent in a pre-crisis and crisis period. Solely theoretical aspects are not sufficient to describe the varying conditions in the financial markets, which have to be scrutinized in a wider economic context. Those factors that show some regularity in the relation to the real estate markets are all share indices, term structure and real GDP per capita.