Orientador: Marcos Tadeu Del Roio / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um estudo da perspectiva das seções suíças da Associação Internacional dos Trabalhadores (1864-1877). Pelo fato da historiografia, no estudo da Internacional, centrar-se na ação política de Marx e Engels, quando não de Bakunin, realizamos aqui um trabalho que, na terminologia de Walter Benjamin, chama-se de história à contra-pelo, ou seja, realizamos um estudo pormenorizado que dá ênfase aos vários militantes, à dinâmica da organização em sua rotina e do desenvolvimento da luta desta ala internacionalista que ficou conhecida como "autonomista", "bakuninista", "anti-autoritária" e, por fim, "anarquista". Fizemos um estudo sobre a Suíça e sua modernização, seguido de um estudo dos textos dos militantes das seções suíças, das atas dos Congressos Internacionais e dos trabalhados que versaram sobre o tema. Para além disso, buscaremos desenvolver a hipótese de que a Internacional "autonomista" desapareceu devido um erro teórico imanente à sua concepção: o internacionalismo operário, irrigado com uma concepção proudhoniana e materialista dialética leva a uma concepção cosmopolita que não entende a necessidade de um debate sério sobre a questão nacional. / Abstract: The present work aims to make a study on the perspective of the Swiss Sections of the International Association of Workers (1864-1877) on the history of this very same. By the fact of the historiography in the study of the Internationnale, in general, to focus on the political action of Marx, Engels and Bakunin, we are doing here a work, in the definition of Walter Benjamin, from the history to the So, we make a careful study highlighting the militants, at the dinamic of the organization of his rattan and the development of the struggle of this internationalist branch that remains called "autonomist", "bakuninist", "anti-authoritarian "And" anarchist ". We are doing a study on Switzerland and its modernization, followed by a study of the texts of the activists of the Swiss Sections, the memoirs of the International Congresses and work on the theme. Beyond that, we will seek to develop the following hypothesis: the "autonomist" International disappeared why a theoretical error immanent in its conception: the workers' internationalism, irrigated with a Proudhonian conception and a materialistic and dialectical conception leads, in Sections of the Jura Swiss, to a cosmopolitan conception that does not understand the need for a serious reflection on the national question. / Résumé: Le present travail a comme objective faire un étudé sur la perspective des Sections suisses de l’Association Internationale des Travailleurs (1864-1877) sur l’histoire de ceci même. Par le fait de la historiographie dans l’étudé de l’Internationnale, en générale, se concentrer sur l’action politique de Marx, Engels et Bakunin, nous faisons ici un travail, dans la définition de Walter Benjamin, de la histoire a l’envers, ainsi, nous faisons un étudé minutieux en soulignant les militants, à la dinamique de la organization de son rotine et de le développment de la lutte de cette branche internacionaliste que reste appellé “autonomiste”, “bakuniniste”, “anti-autoritaire” et “anarchiste”. Nous faisons un étudé sur la Suisse et son modernisation, suivi d’un étudé des textes des militants de las Sections suisses, de las memoires de les Congrès Internationaux et des travaux sur le thème. Au dela, nous rechercherons dèvelopper l’hypothèse suivant : l’Internationale “autonomiste” disparut pourquoi un erreur théorique immanente à sa conception : l’internationnalisme ouvrier, irrigué avec une conception proudhonienne et une conception materialiste et dialetique conduit, dans des Sections du Jura suisse, à une conception cosmopolite qui ne comprend pas la nécessité d’un refletion sérieux sur la question nationale. / Mestre

La thèse examine les relations franco-suisses au début du XVIIIe siècle en s’interrogeant sur les pratiques et les canaux de négociation d’un côté, et celles du statut des acteurs de l’autre. Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une histoire diplomatique renouvelée s’appuyant sur les acquis de l’histoire culturelle et sociale. Une première partie traite des relations entre les souverains : les autorités suisses et le roi de France. Face à l’asymétrie entre le roi et les cantons, leurs relations peuvent non seulement être décrites selon un modèle de relation entre souverains (inégaux), mais aussi selon un modèle patron-client. Une deuxième partie analyse les relations personnelles de l’ambassadeur français en Suisse. Il y est démontré comment les pratiques de communication entre l’ambassadeur et ses interlocuteurs suisses étaient façonnées par la culture politique différente des cantons qui n’acceptaient pas tous dans la même mesure les relations personnelles entre magistrats et diplomates étrangers. La troisième partie examine les canaux de communication et de négociation entre la Cour de France et les autorités suisses. Grâce à la présence de nombreux diplomates accrédités en Suisse et en s’appuyant sur leurs sujets séjournant aux cours étrangères en tant qu’officiers ou diplomates au service d’un prince étranger, les cantons pouvaient pratiquer une « diplomatie sans diplomates » qui ne coûtait presque rien. En dernier lieu, l’analyse des négociations du renouvellement d’alliance entre le roi de France et le canton de Berne soulève le problème des négociations avec une république aux temps modernes. / The thesis examines the Franco-Swiss relations in the early 18th century and probes into both the practices and channels of negotiation as well as the status of the actors. As a contribution to the flourishing ‘new diplomatic history’, it draws on the methods and innovations of cultural and social history. The first part discusses the relations between two unequal sovereigns: the Swiss authorities and the French king. Given the asymmetry between the king and the cantons, their relations can not only be described as relations between (unequal) sovereigns but also as patron-client ties. The second part examines the personal relations of the French ambassador in Switzerland and shows how the different political cultures of the cantons shaped the communicative practices between the ambassador and his Swiss interlocutors. In the third part, the channels of communication and negotiation between the French court and the Swiss authorities are analysed. Thanks to the presence of numerous foreign diplomats accredited in Switzerland and relying on the services of Swiss subjects staying at foreign courts as officers and diplomats serving a foreign prince, the Swiss republics were able to practice “diplomacy without diplomats”, thus economizing on the expenses associated with maintaining a formal diplomatic body. In the final part, the analysis of the negotiations for the renewal of the alliance between the French king and the Republic of Berne provides a case study of what it meant to negotiate with a polyarchy in the early modern period.

The Master Thesis focuses on the description of two selected European pension systems, comparing primarily the structure and funding of Czech and Swiss pension models, the performance of pension funds and the conditions under which senior citizens are entitled to old age pension. The Thesis also arouses the question wheather the steps to reform the Czech pension system could be inspired by a foreign system and wheather the Swiss model would set a suitable example.

Haller was, by any standard, a very prolific writer, not only of letters. He published 24 books in 50 volumes, many of which he reworked for second editions; he wrote 450 essays, 9000 book reviews, and edited another 52 volumes. Of his letters exchanged with 1139 male and 50 female correspondents, close to 17,000 have survived.

The groundwater flow in aquifers contain evaporite rocks can cause problems such as geo-mechanical subsidence or collapse. In this work, we focus on the development of numerical models to simulate the flow in porous and non-porous domains in order to study the dissolution phenomenon and fractures evolution over time. The first part of this thesis is devoted to developing new solutions for the validation of numerical models to simulate density driven flow in porous media. The new procedure consist of solving simultaneously the flow and the transport equations using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The use of this technique allowed us to develop, for the first time, semi-analytical solutions of saltwater intrusion in the case of small diffusion and in the case of a large density contrast. In the second part of this work, we studied the flow in evaporitic rocks. A numerical code was developed to solve the nonlinear system using advanced numerical methods. To validate this new model, we have developed a semi-analytical solution for the density Stokes flow. The third part of this work is devoted to transport with dissolution of rock salt. As a first step, we studied the influence of various parameters on the dissolution of salt in Adlertunnel located at a depth of 160 m in the region of Basel in Switzerland. In a second step, we are interested in the simulation of the fracture's evolution as a result of the dissolution. The numerical model takes into account the Stokes flow and mass transport effects and dissolution of the fracture walls.

The aim of this thesis was to compare the use of the Hasli legend in Sweden and Switzerland during the 19th century. The Hasli legend, which derives from the middle ages, talks about Swedes and Frisians that emigrated to the central part of Switzerland. By comparing the use of the myth in the two nations I wanted to analyze how it was used for shaping identities and how the use varied with, and was affected by, the social context. I have studied historians work about the national Swedish and Swiss history, published during the 19th century. I chose the comparative method and have taken the social context and transnational aspects into consideration. The use of the myth was more uniform in Sweden than in Switzerland, but in both countries the myth was related to the nation and its origin. The national identity is emphasized, but is overlapping other identities. In both countries the use of the myth originates from the ideas of nationalism and national romanticism, but while the use of the myth in Sweden can be explained by the Gothicism and the idea of a Scandinavian nation, the use of the myth in Switzerland was a result of the creation of the Swiss nation in the 19th century. / Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka Haslisagans identitetsskapande funktion i Sverige och Schweiz under 1800-talet. Sägnen som härstammar från medeltiden handlar om att utvandrare från Sverige och Friesland ska ha bosatt sig i Schweiz. Genom att jämföra bruket av sägnen i de två nationella rummen ville jag undersöka hur skapandet av identiteter varierade med och påverkades av den samhälleliga kontexten. Jag har undersökt historikers verk utgivna under 1800-talet, som behandlar den schweiziska respektive svenska nationella historien. Bruket av sägnen har undersökts genom en komparativ ansats, där den samhälleliga kontexten och transnationella aspekter har tagits i beaktande i analysen av resultatet. Undersökningen visar att bruket av sägnen var mer enhetligt i Sverige än i Schweiz, men i samtliga verk länkas sägnen samman med den egna nationen och dess ursprung. Den nationella identiteten betonas, men är överlappande med andra identiteter. Bruket av sägnen kan i båda länderna länkas samman med nationalismen och nationalromantiska idéer, men medan det svenska bruket av sägnen förklaras med göticistiska och samskandinaviska idéer, så svarar det schweiziska bruket av sägnen mot behovet att skapa en schweizisk nation.

This thesis examines Switzerland’s conflict around the integration of non-citizens in the context of the Swiss system of direct democracy. Through a case study on three recent referendum initiatives on immigrant policy, my research sought to answer the question: How does the use of referenda on immigrant policy impact public discourses on the social and political integration of non-citizens in German-speaking Switzerland? In exploring this question, I focused on how public discourses addressed the link between direct democracy, immigrant policy and non-citizen experiences. I analysed political advertisements, newspaper articles, and data collected in an interview with Swiss resident author Dragica Rajčić. My research findings showed that the use of referendum initiatives to make decisions on immigrant policy has had a significant impact on integration discourses. In particular, it has provided the conservative nationalist Swiss People’s Party with the opportunity to move their political agenda to the forefront of public debates. My findings also demonstrated that non-citizen perspectives were marginalized in the public discourses under examination. I therefore concluded that the process of transforming the Swiss conflict around the integration of immigrants will require Swiss governments to re-imagine how the political participation of non-citizens can be institutionalized. Granting non-citizens a more active political role would promote cross-cultural dialogue and understanding, making Switzerland’s direct democracy more democratic. / Graduate

Universiẗat, Diss.--St. Gallen, 2006.

Univ., Diss.--St. Gallen, 2001.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Basel, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [421]-434).