This study empirically investigates the dynamics and outcomes of leader-member conflict. It validates the values of cooperative conflict and damages of competitive conflict between leaders and employees, testing the effectiveness and universality of Deutsch's (1973) cooperation and competition theory. By bridging leadership and conflict management literature, it also identifies the role of transformational leadership in managing conflict effectively. Specifically, transformational leadership induces cooperative conflict and undermines competitive conflict between leaders and employees, which in turn increases task performance and leader effectiveness. A total of 112 interviews were conducted in mainland China from 2010 to 2011. Results of structural equation modeling and other analyses support the proposed model that transformational leadership affects conflict management approaches (cooperative conflict management, competitive conflict management) that in turn influence outcomes (task performance, leader effectiveness). Our findings suggest practical implications that leaders and employees can benefit from well-managed conflict, and that leaders can use transformational values and skills to handle conflict successfully in organizations.

The purpose of this research is to explore the challenges of leaders (lodging owners) when implementing sustainable practices in the lodging industry in Sri Lanka. The authors have used two established models (SPM3 & STM) to create the new model called SLM3, which was used to extract data and measure the perceptions of leaders with a sustainable narrative, when implementing sustainable practices within their lodging in Sri Lanka. This was done in order to bridge a gap for the authors, since there was no established model yet, that could be used for the purpose of this research. After using the model for the current research in the context of Sri Lanka, the authors conclude that the model mostly fulfilled the aim that it was created for, although some minor alterations were made to improve its simplicity and make it more understandable. The main findings are that the main challenges of lodging owners with a sustainable narrative, when implementing sustainable practices are gender equality, lack of collaboration and networks, limited influence, the hierarchical system and long-term thinking related to education. The reported challenges prevent the lodging owners in Sri Lanka from implementing sustainable practices to the extent to which they would like to.

Magister Commercii (Industrial Psychology) - MCom(IPS) / The modern working environment is characterised by global competitiveness, digitisation, and a greater need to employ and retain the knowledge worker. With increased pressure to sustain a competitive advantage, organisations must shift management strategies and focus on fostering positive work outcomes to mitigate high turnover costs and enhance organisational effectiveness. In the South African environment, organisations are confronted with challenges such as skills shortages and high turnover, impacting the ability to attract, develop, and retain highly skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals.

Thesis advisor: Lauri Johnson / This qualitative case study examined the perceptions of school and district leaders about fostering teacher leadership, specifically to support emergent bilingual and Latinx students in a public school district in the state of Massachusetts. The most recent model of transformational leadership developed from Leithwood’s research in schools (Leithwood & Jantzi, 2000) served as the conceptual framework. Data collection included 13 individual semi-structured interviews with district, building and teacher leaders as well as field notes and document reviews. Findings indicated that school and district leaders perceived they support formal and informal teacher leadership practices for emergent bilingual and Latinx students. Top-down approaches to collaboration and professional development impacted the development of teachers as leaders, creating barriers and challenges in each of three components of transformational leadership (setting direction, developing people, and redesigning the organization). Recommendations include establishing a collective vision for promoting and developing teacher leadership. Future research could be designed to better understand how teacher leadership is enacted to support issues around equity and social justice, and how we might encourage more teacher leadership among marginalized groups. / Thesis (EdD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

The purpose of the study was to investigate any relationship between an established group of senior military officers' leadership styles and their personal values as a predictor of future effective leadership. The study evaluated the relationship between Nelson's (1989) 80-item Personal Values Profile (PVP) and Bass and Avolio's (2004) full-range leadership model (MLQ 5X) as a means to predict effective leadership. The respondents to the surveys were a unique sample of convenience consisting of 1978 graduates of the United States Naval Academy who had spent 30 years as officers in either the U.S. Navy or U.S. Marine Corps. The results of the MLQ 5X indicated that the group of career military officers scored higher than Bass and Avolio's normative group in seven of the nine leadership styles and in all three of the leadership outcomes. The two leadership styles in which the career military officers scored lower than the normative group were in the passive-avoidant or non-leadership categories. This sample group scored higher than the normative group in every category of transactional leadership styles as well as in every category of transformational leadership styles. Linear regression analysis of the full-range leadership model against the Personal Values Profile identified a moderate predictor of effective leadership based on personal values when transactional leadership and transformational leadership were combined. A second predictor for effective leadership was found when only transformational leadership was evaluated.

This study examines effective leadership qualities in the world of professional ice-hockey. The study builds on semi-structured interviews where three coaches and two general managers participated. The paper has an inductive approach where a thematic analysis lay the foundation for a theoretical explanation. Results indicate that the leader needs to handle stakeholders in an innovative way, have a dynamic relationship between a transactional and transformational leadership, and finally, the leader's experience and emotional intelligence are two crucial factors in developing a successful and effective leadership. Practical implications for findings in this study are discussed along with recommendations for future research.

The overall purpose of the study is to investigate narcissistic leadership in the Swedish Armed Forces. Since research on narcissism in the Swedish Armed Forces is an unexplored area the research design has an open and unconditional attitude to the research area. This open and explorative approach is achieved through using the method Grounded Theory. The results show that the informants have experienced narcissistic leadership in the Swedish Armed Forces. In addition, the results indicate that such leadership, from a career point of view, can be competitive, but over time is doomed to fail. The empirical data illustrates examples of that military leaders with narcissistic personality traits can advance in the hierarchy and potentially cause harm to the organization. Empirical data also indicates that there are many difficulties associated with identifying narcissists in the Swedish Armed Forces. This can possibly be correlated with the fact that the traits associated with grandiose narcissism substantially overlaps with what we think of as transformational leadership. The aim of the study is relevant since destructive narcissistic leaders annually lead several companies and organizations to ruin, causing great expense and much suffering among their followers.

Bank leaders who fail to implement effective leadership strategies experience low employee morale and high employee turnover. The estimated failure rate of bank industry leadership to attain some organizational targets such as desired levels of employee morale, employee retention, and profitability is as high as 60%. The purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies bank leaders implemented to improve employee morale and mitigate employee turnover. The population for this study included 4 bank leaders in the United States who successfully applied effective leadership to improve morale and mitigate employee turnover for more than 5 years. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with bank leaders and from artifacts such as the company website. The transformational leadership theory guided this research as the conceptual framework. Data triangulation was employed. Data were analyzed using Yin’s 5 steps of data analysis. Three themes emerged from analysis of the data: adopting motivational leadership techniques, applying open and transparent communication skills, and applying recognition or rewards. The application of findings from this study could contribute to positive social change because society may benefit from an improved banking intermediation system to support employment retention and the improvement of citizens’ livelihoods.

Engaged employees contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of an organization’s service to their community. Many organizational leaders struggle to engage their employees before, during, and after organizational mergers. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies 9 leaders from 3 merged higher education organizations in the state of Georgia used to encourage employee engagement when their organizations were merging. The conceptual framework for this study was a combination of the transformational leadership theory, the self-efficacy theory, and the acquisition integration approach. After collecting data through semistructured interviews, organizational documentation, and member checking, data analysis through thematic review and triangulation revealed 4 key themes. The major themes for engaging employees during mergers were: strategies establishing a communication plan; strategies creating a cohesive culture, identity, or team; strategies mitigating barriers to employee engagement; and strategies assessing successful implementation for ongoing modification and adjustment of engagement strategies. The implications of this study for social change are that engaged employees might increase the institution’s productivity in educating students to be more successful in the workforce after graduating, and therefore, have a greater capacity to provide for their families and strengthen their communities.

En el presente estudio se busca determinar que el liderazgo del comando técnico si influye en el desarrollo formativo de la división de menores de los clubes profesionales de lima en el 2019. Para cumplir con el objetivo y medir las variables de investigación se utilizaron dos herramientas, las cuales fueron: entrevistas a entrenadores expertos en el desarrollo formativo y encuestas tipo Likert a los jugadores que conforman los equipos profesionales en Lima (Club Alianza Lima, Club Deportivo Municipal, Club Sporting Cristal, Club Universitario de Deportes y Club Deportivo Universidad San Martín de Porres), se probó y fue validad para su aplicación en el contexto peruano. Para la construcción de dichas herramientas se orientaron en las dos dimensiones el Liderazgo Transformacional y el Liderazgo Transaccional y las cuatro dimensiones del desarrollo formativo que son: Aspecto Táctico, Aspecto Físico, Aspecto Psicológico y Aspecto Social. La población estuvo constituida por jugadores de las divisiones menores de los cinco clubes profesionales de Lima, cuya muestra fue de 286 deportistas, pertenecientes al género masculino y las edades oscilan entre los 13 a 15 años. Una vez recopilado los datos se procedió a analizarlo a través del programa IBM SPSS Stadistics, donde se obtuvo como coeficiente de Pearson de 0.366 que demuestra la relación positiva de estas dos variables. A pesar de este resultado, también se obtuvo que dicha relación es débil por lo que se brindara algunas recomendaciones para que los clubes puedan tomar en cuenta. / The present study seeks to determine the technical leadership to influence the formative development of the junior level in 2019. To meet the objective and measure the research variables, two tools are used: The Academy Clubs of the Alianza Lima, Municipal Sports Club, Sporting Cristal Club, University Sports Club and Sports Club San Martín de Porres University), was tested and was valuable for its application in the Peruvian context. For the construction of these materials, can be oriented in the two dimensions, the Transformational Leadership and Leadership, the Transactional and the four forms of Formative Development, which are: Tactical Aspect, Physical Aspect, Psychological Aspect and Social Aspect. The population was constituted by the players of the junior levels of the five professionals clubs of Lima, whose sample was of 286 athletes, those of masculine gender and the ages oscillate between the 13 to 15 years. Once the data was collected, it was analyzed through the IBM SPSS Stadistics program, where a Pearson coefficient of 0.366 was obtained, demonstrating the positive relationship of these two variables. Despite this result, that relationship was also obtained. / Tesis