近年來，推薦系統（recommendation system）相關研究是一個很熱門的議題，當使用者看到一篇文章，對該文章所描述的事件很感興趣，想要了解該事件的全貌，此時想要得到是該事件的通盤的見解，而非局部的意見，也就是以不同角度去解析此事件的文章清單時，若以過去傳統推薦系統的作法，推薦與這篇文章相似的文章給使用者就未必合適，因為相似文章只能反映對此事件相同角度，而非對此事件不同角度的文章。因此，本研究擬使用社群性標籤（social tag）解決以上問題。透過不同使用者標註標籤反映不同看法的機制，我們可以從文章中選出代表性的標籤，透過該標籤組與文章分數計算，找出對此事件不同角度的文章清單推薦給使用者。實驗結果顯示，若文章有較高的可信度擁有多種角度，則使用我們提出的演算法確實擁有較好的準確度。

Le trafic rétrograde permet le transport des protéines de la membrane plasmique vers le réticulum endoplasmique, via l'appareil de Golgi, évité la dégradation des lysosomes. Des études antérieures ont montré que le transport rétrograde est crucial pour les fonctions cellulaires telles que la signalisation, l'homéostasie ionique, et l'établissement de gradients du morphogène Wnt. Par ailleurs, le transport rétrograde joue un rôle essentiel dans l'internalisation cellulaire des facteurs pathogènes comme les toxines protéiques et les protéines de virus. Toutefois, la liste actuelle des protéines cargos est limitée, et il est probable que de nombreuses fonctions cellulaires du transport rétrograde restent encore à découvrir. De toute évidence, un fort besoin existe pour une caractérisation plus poussée de cette voie de transport. Dans cette étude, quatre différentes approches protéomiques ont été développées visant à identifier les protéines membranaires prenant la route du transport rétrograde: SNAP-tag, sulfatation, la FKBP, et la streptavidine. Parmi ceux-ci, l'approche SNAP-tag s'est avéré être la stratégie la plus efficace pour identifier les candidats du fret de la voie rétrograde. Cette stratégie est basée sur la modification covalente du protéome de la membrane plasmique avec un benzylguanine (BG) dérivés. Seules les protéines membranaires BG-taggées qui sont ensuite transportés par voie rétrograde peuvent coupler covalentement à une protéine de fusion de SNAP-tag localisée dans la TGN. L'approche a été validée, étape par étape, en utilisant une protéine cargo rétrograde bien étudiée, toxine Shiga sous-unité B (STxB). Nous avons pu montrer que les STxB peuvent être capturés et identifiées par l'approche SNAP-tag. Par ailleurs, couplé à la LC-MS, les candidats des nouvelle protéines de la voie rétrograde ont été identifiés. Les trois autres approches ont guidé notre choix vers la stratégie la plus efficace en protéomique, en apportant des possibilités d'expérimentation et de défauts dans les domaines de la chimie organique et en biologie cellulaire. Généralement, ce travail de thèse a permis de développer une nouvelle stratégie protéomique qui pourraient être appliquée pour identifier les nouvelles candidats de la route rétrograde. Nous avons mis au point une approche dynamique en protéomique qui complète la protéomique traditionnelle. Par ailleurs, le concept d'utiliser des outils chimiques pour étudier le transport rétrograde peut également être appliqué à d'autres voies d'endocytose.

<p>Current printable memory technology are not suited for mass produc‐tion. With new inexpensive printed memory, it will be possible to manufacture cheap surveillance tags that are capable to tell the user if something has happened within a timeline. This project is within the ITC FrameProgram 7 founded project PriMeBits. The goal is to imple‐ment a write once read many memory (WORM) onto an RF‐tag together with a sensor that can sense wetness, which can be detected by EAS antitheft systems. Pre researches have been done in the fields printed capacitance, coils and WORMs, all printed with silver ink. Before implementation of a WORM onto a tag simulations and laboratory tests with adjustable resistances were made. Two different circuit models are simulated and tested. When connected to a tag and the WORM is un‐programmed, the EAS system should not trigger an alarm. But if the WORM is programmed by the sensor, the alarm should trigger. Results show that capacitances and WORMs are printable with this technique but coils are not due to high inner resistance. The simulations show that a tag built as an LCCR‐circuit is the best choice. This is also confirmed with tests done with real resistors. With WORMs connected to a tag the results show that approximately 70% of them work as intended, this is because the WORMs as of now are not completely developed. The conclusion of this project is that it is possible to implement a WORM onto a tag with further research, to make an inexpensive surveillance tag.</p> / PriMeBits

<p>Sarcoptes scabiei is a disease-causing parasitic mite of humans and animals that is prevalent worldwide. The parasite lives in burrows in the epidermis of its host. These burrows are formed by a combination of mechanical destruction by the mite and secretion of various factors.</p><p>The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. As such, it is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells exposed to oxygen. In this project, the enzyme was expressed in transformed Escherichia coli cells. The SOD cDNA from S. scabiei was ligated into two different expression vectors: pPU16 and pET-14b. The S. scabiei SOD open reading frame reported here is 696 nucleotides long and yields a protein with a molecular weight of  69.5 kDa. Only one of the constructs was successfully created, using pPU16. The construct was designated pPU110 and has a sequence coding for a hexahistidine tag downstream of the SOD cDNA and has a sequence coding for the maltose binding protein (MBP) upstream.</p><p>The expression plasmid pPU110 was verified by DNA-sequencing and the tested in different expression experiments. Analysis using SDS-PAGE showed that recombinant fusion SOD could be readily expressed in E.coli.</p>

This paper surveys a range of constructions in which prosody affects discourse function and discourse structure.We discuss English tag questions, negative polar questions, and what we call “focus” questions. We postulate that these question types are complex speech acts and outline an analysis in Segmented Discourse Representation Theory (SDRT) to account for the interactions between prosody and discourse.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic human pathogen known to cause a variety of infections that are difficult to treat due to extremely high resistance to almost all antibiotics currently in clinical use. One of the major contributors to this resistance is the active efflux of antibiotics from the cell, primarily by action of the Resistance Nodulation Division (RND) family of efflux pumps. These pumps are composed of three proteins; an inner membrane RND pump, a periplasmic membrane fusion adaptor protein, and an outer membrane protein. The mechanism by which the three proteins interact to form a functional complex is largely unknown and the methods currently available for their study involves expression systems geared for high levels of expression. In the case of membrane proteins which play a role in clinically relevant activities, such as multidrug resistance, an expression system which does not always reflect biologically relevant levels of protein in the cell is not ideal for studying their interactions as correlation of conclusions from interaction studies to true interactions may not be possible. In this study a single copy gene expression system was designed and demonstrated to better reflect clinically relevant levels of overexpression compared to a multi-copy expression system. Quantitative-real time PCR analysis of C-terminally hexa-histidine tagged outermembrane protein, OpmH, expression shows approximately 100-fold and 20-fold overexpression from multi-copy and single-copy expression systems respectively. OpmH-H6 was successfully purified from both multi copy and single copy expression systems with proportionate purification schemes indicating the feasibility of single copy expression systems for the study of membrane bound protein complexes. / UOIT

Sarcoptes scabiei is a disease-causing parasitic mite of humans and animals that is prevalent worldwide. The parasite lives in burrows in the epidermis of its host. These burrows are formed by a combination of mechanical destruction by the mite and secretion of various factors. The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. As such, it is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells exposed to oxygen. In this project, the enzyme was expressed in transformed Escherichia coli cells. The SOD cDNA from S. scabiei was ligated into two different expression vectors: pPU16 and pET-14b. The S. scabiei SOD open reading frame reported here is 696 nucleotides long and yields a protein with a molecular weight of  69.5 kDa. Only one of the constructs was successfully created, using pPU16. The construct was designated pPU110 and has a sequence coding for a hexahistidine tag downstream of the SOD cDNA and has a sequence coding for the maltose binding protein (MBP) upstream. The expression plasmid pPU110 was verified by DNA-sequencing and the tested in different expression experiments. Analysis using SDS-PAGE showed that recombinant fusion SOD could be readily expressed in E.coli.

Collaborative tagging is a simple and effective method for organizing and sharing web resources using human created metadata. It has arisen out of the need for an efficient method of personal organization, as the number of digital resources in everyday lives increases. While tagging has become a proven organization scheme through its popularity and widespread use on the Web, little is known about its implications and how it may effectively be applied in different situations. This is due to the fact that tagging has evolved through several iterations of use on social software websites, rather than through a scientific or an engineering design process. The research presented in this thesis, through investigations in the domain of e-learning, seeks to understand more about the scientific nature of collaborative tagging through a number of human subject studies. While broad in scope, touching on issues in human computer interaction, knowledge representation, Web system architecture, e-learning, metadata, and information visualization, this thesis focuses on how collaborative tagging can supplement the growing metadata requirements of e-learning. I conclude by looking at how the findings may be used in future research, through using information based in the emergent social networks of social software, to automatically adapt to the needs of individual users.

Current printable memory technology are not suited for mass produc‐tion. With new inexpensive printed memory, it will be possible to manufacture cheap surveillance tags that are capable to tell the user if something has happened within a timeline. This project is within the ITC FrameProgram 7 founded project PriMeBits. The goal is to imple‐ment a write once read many memory (WORM) onto an RF‐tag together with a sensor that can sense wetness, which can be detected by EAS antitheft systems. Pre researches have been done in the fields printed capacitance, coils and WORMs, all printed with silver ink. Before implementation of a WORM onto a tag simulations and laboratory tests with adjustable resistances were made. Two different circuit models are simulated and tested. When connected to a tag and the WORM is un‐programmed, the EAS system should not trigger an alarm. But if the WORM is programmed by the sensor, the alarm should trigger. Results show that capacitances and WORMs are printable with this technique but coils are not due to high inner resistance. The simulations show that a tag built as an LCCR‐circuit is the best choice. This is also confirmed with tests done with real resistors. With WORMs connected to a tag the results show that approximately 70% of them work as intended, this is because the WORMs as of now are not completely developed. The conclusion of this project is that it is possible to implement a WORM onto a tag with further research, to make an inexpensive surveillance tag. / PriMeBits

Visualization of Sensory Perception Descriptors is a topic in the field of Information Visualization. It is concentrated on the research and development of methods for analyses of data related with human modalities description. One possibility for investigating sensory perception descriptors is analyzing a great number of wine tasting notes. This thesis is concerned with the visualization of wine tasting notes in order to aid linguistic analyses. It strives to find proper visualizations that will give a better insight into the language used in wine tasting notes. Two main processes are described in the following report. First it sets out the process of researching of different methods of information visualization that led to the final approach for representing the data. A number of concepts for text analyses are discussed and the most useful of them are developed further. Several approaches for text visualization and statistical information are combined to build a system for tasting notes analyses. The second part of the report describes the process of developing a prototype that implements the represented approaches and gives an opportunity for real testing and conclusions.