This item contains the agenda, minutes, and attachments for the Faculty Senate meeting on this date. There may be additional materials from the meeting available at the Faculty Center.

Stakeholders' risk assessments are increasingly emphasising the importance of considering the risks and opportunities posed by climate change. Therefore, TCFD has published recommendations to standardise and compare the reporting of climate-related issues. Prior research has demonstrated a low level of TCFD recommendation adherence. As a result, it is questioned what affects the scope of climate reporting according to TCFD and how the scope differs between companies. The study examines adherence to TCFD recommendations among 28 Swedish financial and real estate companies, finding that on average, they comply with most of the recommendations, but there is variability among companies. The study identifies areas where Swedish companies excel and where they need to improve. Larger companies are more likely to follow climate reporting practices, but the legitimacy theory may not apply to the current context. The relationship between debt levels and climate reporting is complex and requires more research. The proposed hypothesis that there is a correlation between adherence rate and financial performance was rejected. The study discusses promoting sustainable business practices and the link between four company specific characteristics and compliance with TCFD recommendations. The study's contributions can inform policy making, investment decisions, and corporate strategy, but the study has limitations. / Intressenternas riskbedömningar understryker alltmer vikten av att ta hänsyn till de risker och möjligheter som klimatförändringarna innebär. Därför har TCFD publicerat rekommendationer för att standardisera och jämföra rapporteringen av klimatrelaterade frågor. Tidigare forskning har visat en låg efterföljandegrad av TCFD:s rekommendationer. Som ett resultat av detta ifrågasätts vad som påverkar omfattningen av klimatrapporteringen enligt TCFD och hur omfattningen skiljer sig mellan bolag. Studien undersöker efterlevnaden av TCFD:s rekommendationer bland 28 svenska finans- och fastighetsbolag, och finner att de i genomsnitt följer de flesta av rekommendationerna, men det finns variationer mellan bolag. Studien identifierar områden där svenska bolag utmärker sig och där de behöver förbättras. Vidare undersöker studien vilka bolagsspecifika egenskaper som kan förklara graden av efterlevnad av rekommendationerna. Det konstaterades att större bolag är mer benägna att följa TCFD:s rekommendationer, jämfört med mindre bolag. Egenskaperna för miljöprestanda, skuldsättning och finansiell prestanda kunde dock inte förklara efterföljandegraden. Studien diskuterar främjande av hållbara affärsmetoder och kopplingen mellan fyra bolagsspecifika egenskaper och efterlevnad av TCFD:s rekommendationer. Studien kan bidra med underlag för policyskapande, investeringsbeslut och framtagandet av företagsstrategier, men studien har begränsningar.

O trabalho aborda o uso de técnicas construtivas industrializadas em processo de produção de moradias por ajuda-mútua. Como enfoque está a Vila Nova Cachoeirinha, referência para profissionais e pesquisadores na área de habitação por sediar durante mais de duas décadas importantes projetos de moradia de interesse social em São Paulo. Neste caso específico trata-se da mais recente etapa de um processo de produção de moradias por mutirão iniciados na década de 80. Enfatiza-se a montagem e gestão de uma usina de pré-moldados dentro de uma organização auto-gestionária (mutirão habitacional da Associação de Moradia Unidos de Vila Nova Cachoeirinha), com apoio de assessoria técnica especializada (Peabiru - trabalhos comunitários e ambientais). A necessidade de abordagens não convencionais tanto em relação à tecnologia utilizada ou à organização comunitária, produziram soluções adequadas do ponto de vista técnico e de processo pedagógico, suprindo deficiências de mão-de-obra qualificada e limitações de ordem técnicas e organizacional. O resultado aparece na consolidação e amadurecimento de uma organização comunitária apta a inovar, reciclar e criar conhecimento e na materialização de moradias executadas com a mesma tecnologia e know-how aplicado pela indústria de pré-fabricação em usinas de médio e grande porte. Apesar de todo este conhecimento gerado e compartilhado a atual situação do mutirão é de incerteza. Há dois depoimentos que ilustram bem o processo pelo qual passou a Associação de Moradia Unidos de Vila Nova Cachoeirinha, o primeiro de 1991 acontece num boom de empreendimentos de interesse social na cidade de São Paulo, euforia portanto para os movimentos de moradia. O segundo, de 2006, é dado quatro dias após terem recebido a notícia de desapropriação da área e das casas do mutirão, após paralização das obras por mais de um ano e meio. / This work presents industrialized building techiques processes, where the emphasis is the self-help building houses in Vila Nova Cachoeirinha. Specifically the introduction of a plant developed by the housing association is the central argument in this work. It was possible because there was a technical team supporting the association and a financial support by São Paulo City Hall. The unusual techniques were developed to get good results, even to dialoging with the association or to make the technical team be well understood. As results we have a qualifying of labors, know-how application from great plants in the housing construction and the progress of the housing association. After 15 years from the first moment with this association the changes it has passed are clearly illustrated with the testimony of the leadership, once in 1991 and another in 2006.

This thesis advances global governance literature by focusing on the conditions under which procedural harmonisation occurs and how it is characterised. It suggests that the existence of a network of intergovernmental organisations (IGOs) complements great powers’ action and acts as a force for harmonisation in the making of international anti-money laundering (AML) standards. Procedural harmonisation is identified firstly, through a discussion on great power coalitions and how their interests set international agendas and impose compliance. Secondly, it is also recognised as an outcome of the IGOs’ network action through shared preferences, resource exchanges and stable relationships. Ultimately, the analysis determines that great powers are a necessary but not sufficient condition for procedural harmonisation, which is moreover favoured when legitimacy, expertise, and the need to achieve compliance are present. In sum, the thesis discusses the impact of international actors’ interactions in the making of international AML standards from 1989 to 2014, particularly the development of FATF Recommendations on ‘Customer Due Diligence’. The analysis identifies that the United States and the European Union, as great powers and members to the G-7, are the most influential actors. However, it adds that the IGOs network structure created between the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the United Nations, and the Committee of Experts on the Evaluation of Anti-Money Laundering Measures and the Financing of Terrorism is also a necessary actor to the achievement of procedural harmonisation. Data analysis is carried out through process-tracing, which triangulates elite interviews and non-participant observation with primary and secondary documents of legal, policy and expert nature. This thesis concludes that: a) procedural harmonisation is a product of international cooperation; b) IGOs gain influence in standard-making through network structures; and, c) procedural harmonisation may be an example to future global governance strategies if complemented with levels of legitimacy, expertise and the need to achieve compliance.

O trabalho aborda o uso de técnicas construtivas industrializadas em processo de produção de moradias por ajuda-mútua. Como enfoque está a Vila Nova Cachoeirinha, referência para profissionais e pesquisadores na área de habitação por sediar durante mais de duas décadas importantes projetos de moradia de interesse social em São Paulo. Neste caso específico trata-se da mais recente etapa de um processo de produção de moradias por mutirão iniciados na década de 80. Enfatiza-se a montagem e gestão de uma usina de pré-moldados dentro de uma organização auto-gestionária (mutirão habitacional da Associação de Moradia Unidos de Vila Nova Cachoeirinha), com apoio de assessoria técnica especializada (Peabiru - trabalhos comunitários e ambientais). A necessidade de abordagens não convencionais tanto em relação à tecnologia utilizada ou à organização comunitária, produziram soluções adequadas do ponto de vista técnico e de processo pedagógico, suprindo deficiências de mão-de-obra qualificada e limitações de ordem técnicas e organizacional. O resultado aparece na consolidação e amadurecimento de uma organização comunitária apta a inovar, reciclar e criar conhecimento e na materialização de moradias executadas com a mesma tecnologia e know-how aplicado pela indústria de pré-fabricação em usinas de médio e grande porte. Apesar de todo este conhecimento gerado e compartilhado a atual situação do mutirão é de incerteza. Há dois depoimentos que ilustram bem o processo pelo qual passou a Associação de Moradia Unidos de Vila Nova Cachoeirinha, o primeiro de 1991 acontece num boom de empreendimentos de interesse social na cidade de São Paulo, euforia portanto para os movimentos de moradia. O segundo, de 2006, é dado quatro dias após terem recebido a notícia de desapropriação da área e das casas do mutirão, após paralização das obras por mais de um ano e meio. / This work presents industrialized building techiques processes, where the emphasis is the self-help building houses in Vila Nova Cachoeirinha. Specifically the introduction of a plant developed by the housing association is the central argument in this work. It was possible because there was a technical team supporting the association and a financial support by São Paulo City Hall. The unusual techniques were developed to get good results, even to dialoging with the association or to make the technical team be well understood. As results we have a qualifying of labors, know-how application from great plants in the housing construction and the progress of the housing association. After 15 years from the first moment with this association the changes it has passed are clearly illustrated with the testimony of the leadership, once in 1991 and another in 2006.

Magister Legum - LLM / Money laundering is a global problem that has adverse effects on both the developed and developing countries. If unchecked, it accelerates crime and criminal activities, affects the economy, undermines the integrity of financial markets, undermines the legitimate private sector, causes loss of revenue, poses security threats to privatisation efforts and brings about reputational risks as well as social costs.1 Given the transnational and cross-border nature of money laundering, the fight against it is global. This is why in 1989 the G72 countries decided to set up the FATF3 as a global standard-setting body for Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and combating of terrorist financing (CFT). The FATF has since developed standards for countries across the globe to adopt so as to facilitate this global fight. The standards are in the form of recommendations, and so far there are Forty Recommendations on money laundering (hereafter referred so as the Recommendations), Eight Special Recommendations on CFT, and a Ninth Special Recommendation on cash-couriers. In order to enhance its work and the adoption of its Recommendations, the FATF has also facilitated the establishment of FATF- styled regional bodies (hereinafter referred to as FSRBs) across the world. One such group is ESAAMLG, which was established in 1999. Its mandate is to coordinate and guide its member countries in the implementation of the Recommendations and guidelines. Currently, it has 15 member countries.8 Over the first ten years of its existence, among other things, ESAAMLG has through its members, achieved the following in its mandate: all members except Uganda have enacted AML legislation and some have set up structures that are essential for the implementation of the Recommendations Despite the above-mentioned achievements, the overall implementation of the Recommendations has been generally slow and low. Most of the member countries have not yet enforced their enacted AML legislation as evidenced by low rate of money laundering prosecutions in the region. Some have not yet established financial intelligence Units (FIUs) nor ratified or domesticated important AML related international legal instruments, let alone train personnel adequately. The international instruments comprise the 2000 United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime (Palermo Convention) and the1988 United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Vienna Convention). There are also inordinate delays in the passing of AML legislation as well as the amendment of other domestic legislation, which is necessary in order to harmonise such laws with the AML standards. This gives rise to unevenness, disconnectedness and time variability in the implementation of the Recommendations among the member countries. The main question this paper seeks to answer is this: Are there obstacles to the implementation of the Recommendations in Eastern and Southern Africa?

Magister Legum - LLM / From failing to arrest and surrender Sudanese President Omar Al-Bashir1 in accordance with its obligations under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court2 (Rome Statute), to its President acting inconsistently with its Supreme law3, it is evident that the rule of law is under threat in South Africa. Furthermore, South Africa has witnessed the cultivation of a culture of impunity for corruption in high office. South Africa has also experienced an increase in heinous crimes committed against women and children. The South African Rand recently plummeted given that its Minister of Finance Pravin Gordhan, recently faced charges of fraud4, as well as the ripple effect caused by the Fees Must Fall Movement.5 Against the backdrop of the above-mentioned issues that plague South Africa and hinder its development, the fight against money laundering hardly seems of pivotal importance in achieving the desired stability and development of the country. There is a public perception that money laundering is a crime of little consequence.8 This perception derives from the fact that money laundering does not have a direct impact on its victims and in some instances benefits the economy as it increases the profits for the financial sector and results in a greater availability of credit.9 Laundered money arguably is not harmful but rather beneficial to developing economies because money remains money, whether it is proceeds of crime or honestly earned.10 Although an increase in money is appealing to developing countries, the benefits that accompany laundered money are short-lived as the crime affects society adversely in the long run.11 However, where a country fails to prevent and prosecute money laundering offences, the prevalence of money laundering will impede the development of a state as it not only increases the profitability of crime and encourages the prevalence of corruption, but it also causes damage to critical financial sector institutions.12 Money laundering influences the commission of crimes that generate large amounts of profit, namely, organised crime, which is often described as the twin brother of money laundering.13 This is because criminals do not commit crimes to make money only but to enjoy this money as well.14 However, criminals need to launder their money in order to enjoy the proceeds of their criminal activities without drawing attention to these activities.15 Countries that combat money laundering effectively make it more difficult for criminals to launder the proceeds of their crimes. It becomes more risky for them to indulge in their ill-gotten gains, thus dissuading them from engaging in economic criminality.16 Money laundering is a process where the proceeds of crime are concealed and disguised in order to make them appear lawful.17 Criminals are thus able to enjoy the financial benefits of the crimes they commit.18 The pervasiveness of money laundering in a country does not only affect the confidence the public have in the country’s financial institutions but also undermines the confidence foreign investors and financial institutions have in a developing state’s financial institutions.19 A country can, therefore, run the risk of not benefitting from foreign direct investment.20 The financial institutions rely heavily on what the public think about their integrity.21

Construction zones can greatly affect the traffic flow on roadways, especially when lane closures are required. Traditionally, the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) has used traffic management specifications that only allow lane closures and road work to be done during predetermined hours or specifications that require a certain number of lanes to be open at all times. Recently, mobility-based work-zone traffic flow maintenance has been considered. This method requires continuous monitoring of mobility-based performance data and a mechanism to send alerts to the contractors when the mobility data does not meet the standards set by the specifications. UDOT recently tested mobility-based performance specifications at an urban arterial work zone and studied issues related to implementation of mobility-based performance specifications. Parallel to this experiment, UDOT funded a study to develop guidelines for implementing mobility-based performance specifications to manage traffic flow in work zones. Dynamically collecting mobility-based data such as travel time and speed is now feasible using technologies such as Bluetooth and microwave sensors. The core benefit of using mobility-based performance specifications is that they can give the contractor more flexibility in construction work scheduling while maintaining an acceptable level of traffic flow. If the level of traffic flow is not maintained, then the contractor is assessed a financial penalty. The penalty is determined by the amount of time where the flow is not maintained at a predetermined condition. To discuss issues and develop guidelines, a task force consisting of UDOT representatives, several representatives from the construction industry, and researchers from Brigham Young University was formed. Through three task force meetings, a set of 12 guidelines were developed, including guidelines about when mobility-based performance specifications should be used and which mobility data should be used. Some of the issues were difficult for the task force members to agree on, and a decision-making theory called the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used to find best approaches to deal with some of the difficult issues associated with the implementation of mobility-based performance specifications in highway construction contracts. These guidelines should be reviewed as appropriate in the future as UDOT accumulates experience in using these types of specifications.

No description available.

No description available.