Splendor of Ruins examines the growth of street gangs in Honduras in the aftermath of the Cold War, as a flourishing criminal economy and the devastation of Hurricane Mitch destabilized life in the capital, Tegucigalpa. I examine the displacement of smaller gangs in the city by the broad community of international gangs with ties to Los Angeles, California, called the maras, and campaigns against them by the Honduran state and United States Homeland Security. I emphasize the ways in which Mano Dura, or Strong Hand policing, along with Anti-Gang legislation, undermined the immediate distinction between anomic violence and sovereign power across the country. Splendor of Ruins focuses on the transformation of gang aesthetics during this same period, as gang members began tattooing their bodies, particularly the face, with detailed arrangements of Satanic and chthonic imagery. I ask how the appearance of the devil and other motifs of transgression can be understood politically, both within the context of state power reaching beyond the limits of its own laws, as well as within the easy lucre of the criminal economy in which many young Hondurans were choosing to live.

Ta moko (Maori tattooing), especially facial moko (tattoo), has become a popular mechanism for the expression of self determination. Many Maori people are adopting this art form as part of a renaissance of Maori culture in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This declaration of Maori self-determination is also an assertion of the pride felt by the tangata whenua (people of the land) for their culture, their language and more, importantly, their identity. This thesis will illustrate how moko kauae (female chin tattooing) is a means of expressing Maori identity with specific reference to Tuhoe identity. Using an Indigenous theoretical framework this Maori Studies thesis examines the historical and contemporary political dimensions of moko kauae, the interface with the Maori worldview (inclusive of its cultural concepts), and its relationship to identity politics. This will be complimented by the personal stories of Tuhoe women who have undertaken moko kauae as well as commentaries from other Tuhoe people who express what their Tuhoetanga means to them and their lives.

Thesis (M.A.)--East Carolina University, 2009. / Presented to the faculty of the Department of Health Education and Promotion. Advisor: Sharon Knight. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 5, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

The tattooing culture has been associated with negativity and danger for much of the Western culture’s history (Atkinson, 2003; Caplan, 2000; DeMello, 2000). Recently,a shift has occurred in which the practice of tattooing has become a method of expression and a tool in illustrating one’s identity. Despite this transition, there continues to be hesitation against the tattooing culture regarding acceptance in the collegiate and professional setting (Manuel & Sheehan, 2007). The strongest hesitation seems to be toward females with tattoos based on our society’s beauty ideals and expectations of feminine expression and behavior (Atkinson, 2002; Atkinson, 2003). Through means of qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven tattooed, female, undergraduate students. Their experiences were transcribed and the data were analyzed using coding (Strauss and Corbin, 1990) to identify prominent themes among the participants. The women shared their experiences of why they chose tattooing to express their ideas and shared the meaningful stories that inspired the art they have or will be getting. They also shared many stories of disapproval or mistreatment as a result of being a tattooed female. There was particular connection between disapproval and generational beliefs as well as religious beliefs. The college environment was an overall positive environment for the women to be, however stories were shared of mistreatment or judgment from the classroom or particular areas of study. Suggestions were presented for those who work in the college setting with students who might be of this sub-population. / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only. / Department of Educational Studies

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 56 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-48).

Orientador: Fábio Tadeu Reina / Banca: Luci Regina Muzzeti / Banca: Vivian Patrícia Oliveira de Moraes Manécolo / Resumo: A tatuagem é uma marcação corporal utilizada há séculos, desde a idade antiga até a contemporaneidade. O novo paradigma em que ela se encontra se dá pela maneira como é reconhecida e adotada nas mais diversas culturas e épocas. A problemática desse estudo refere-se a esse ponto, compreender a tatuagem no seu todo para então discutir como ela se origina em mulheres das classes populares. Por ser uma marca que ainda sofre preconceitos, sendo assim estigmatizada, analisaremos por meio da condição de ser mulher, e o pertencimento a uma classe menos favorecida, se esse preconceito se torna maior ou não, se existe uma diferença no que tange o sexo masculino e uma classe mais abastada. Diante dessa realidade o presente estudo pretende realizar uma análise sobre a história da tatuagem, mostrando o seu surgimento no decorrer dos séculos, suas modificações, preconceitos e estigmas, para compreendê-la e entender através da história o porquê desse preconceito perpetuar até os dias de hoje. A abordagem dos indivíduos que fazem parte desse grupo e como eles são vistos também será discutido por intermédio de vários autores que abordaram essa temática. O corpo, lugar no qual a tatuagem é exibida para expressar sentimentos que muitas vezes são sonhos, realizações, desejos ou simplesmente modismo através da epiderme, também será analisado. Serão acrescentados a essa pesquisa os estudos de Pierre Bourdieu e colaboradores no que concernem as referências sobre a mulher e as classes populares. Para auferir esse intuito buscou-se por meio da metodologia qualitativa e como forma de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada analisar o que as mulheres entrevistadas pensam e como vivem com as suas tatuagens. Os resultados obtidos nos mostraram que apesar da mulher ter autonomia e liberdade de usar o corpo para fazer uma tatuagem, essa liberdade é controlada nas escolhas dos desenhos e locais adotados para serem feitos, essa... / Abstract: Tattoo is a body marking used for centuries, since ancient age until the contemporary, the new paradigm in which it is, it happens due to the way how is recognized and adopted in many different cultures and ages. The problematics of this study refers to this aspect, to understand the tattoo as a whole and then discuss how the tattoo happens in working-class women. Being a mark that still suffers prejudices, so stigmatized, we will analyse through the condition of being a woman and belonging to a poor class if that prejudice becomes bigger or not, if there is a difference in male and wealthiest class. Before this reality this study intends to perform an analysis of the tattoo's history, showing its appearance over the centuries, its modifications, prejudice and stigma, to understand it and understand through history why this prejudice perpetuate until today. The approach of the individuals who are part of this group and how they are seen will be discussed by various authors that boarded this theme too. The body, place where the tattoo appears to express feelings that are often dreams, achievements, wishes or simply fashion through the epidermis will also be reviewed. It will be added to this research Pierre Bourdieu's studies and employees about to references on women and the working classes. To obtain this objective it was looked through the qualitative methodology and as and like the form of data collection of the semistructured interview, analyzes what women interviewed think, passed and how they live with their tattoos. The results showed us that although women have autonomy and freedom is controlled by the choices of designs and local adopted to be made, this setting is performed sometimes by boyfriends or husbands, identically are regulated by the discretion of the trial of society, a conditioned liberty to a third ... / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:23:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-07-06. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-12-10T14:29:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000851563_20200706.pdf: 586066 bytes, checksum: 17c88575aab754cdfeadc77847ea427d (MD5) / A tatuagem é uma marcação corporal utilizada há séculos, desde a idade antiga até a contemporaneidade. O novo paradigma em que ela se encontra se dá pela maneira como é reconhecida e adotada nas mais diversas culturas e épocas. A problemática desse estudo refere-se a esse ponto, compreender a tatuagem no seu todo para então discutir como ela se origina em mulheres das classes populares. Por ser uma marca que ainda sofre preconceitos, sendo assim estigmatizada, analisaremos por meio da condição de ser mulher, e o pertencimento a uma classe menos favorecida, se esse preconceito se torna maior ou não, se existe uma diferença no que tange o sexo masculino e uma classe mais abastada. Diante dessa realidade o presente estudo pretende realizar uma análise sobre a história da tatuagem, mostrando o seu surgimento no decorrer dos séculos, suas modificações, preconceitos e estigmas, para compreendê-la e entender através da história o porquê desse preconceito perpetuar até os dias de hoje. A abordagem dos indivíduos que fazem parte desse grupo e como eles são vistos também será discutido por intermédio de vários autores que abordaram essa temática. O corpo, lugar no qual a tatuagem é exibida para expressar sentimentos que muitas vezes são sonhos, realizações, desejos ou simplesmente modismo através da epiderme, também será analisado. Serão acrescentados a essa pesquisa os estudos de Pierre Bourdieu e colaboradores no que concernem as referências sobre a mulher e as classes populares. Para auferir esse intuito buscou-se por meio da metodologia qualitativa e como forma de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada analisar o que as mulheres entrevistadas pensam e como vivem com as suas tatuagens. Os resultados obtidos nos mostraram que apesar da mulher ter autonomia e liberdade de usar o corpo para fazer uma tatuagem, essa liberdade é controlada nas escolhas dos desenhos e locais adotados para serem feitos, essa... / Tattoo is a body marking used for centuries, since ancient age until the contemporary, the new paradigm in which it is, it happens due to the way how is recognized and adopted in many different cultures and ages. The problematics of this study refers to this aspect, to understand the tattoo as a whole and then discuss how the tattoo happens in working-class women. Being a mark that still suffers prejudices, so stigmatized, we will analyse through the condition of being a woman and belonging to a poor class if that prejudice becomes bigger or not, if there is a difference in male and wealthiest class. Before this reality this study intends to perform an analysis of the tattoo's history, showing its appearance over the centuries, its modifications, prejudice and stigma, to understand it and understand through history why this prejudice perpetuate until today. The approach of the individuals who are part of this group and how they are seen will be discussed by various authors that boarded this theme too. The body, place where the tattoo appears to express feelings that are often dreams, achievements, wishes or simply fashion through the epidermis will also be reviewed. It will be added to this research Pierre Bourdieu's studies and employees about to references on women and the working classes. To obtain this objective it was looked through the qualitative methodology and as and like the form of data collection of the semistructured interview, analyzes what women interviewed think, passed and how they live with their tattoos. The results showed us that although women have autonomy and freedom is controlled by the choices of designs and local adopted to be made, this setting is performed sometimes by boyfriends or husbands, identically are regulated by the discretion of the trial of society, a conditioned liberty to a third ...

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-78). / vi, 78 leaves, bound ill. (some col.) 29 cm

In this thesis, I investigate permanence through exploring tattoo consumption in terms of the social-historical context of being tattooed. The analysis is based on four years of data collection adopting a grounded theory approach. I present an analysis of how permanence occurs in terms of tattoo consumption, with particular interest in the physical permanence in relation to identity creation. This is set within the framework of Consumer Culture Theory (CCT). The reason for this is twofold, firstly to illustrate the ability of using tattooing as an instrument to investigate permanence within CCT. Secondly, to show the lack of use of the socio-historical perspective within such an investigation, and to show that the use of such data is a valid strategy and which adds depth and context to such an investigation. Furthermore, I suggest that tattoo consumption has become a site of embodied expression that is bounded by physicality, and permanence. I present a typology of tattooed consumers based on levels of commitment and explore in depth two main categories, physicality, and, permanence. I find that the physical permanence is shown through the commitment to tattoo usage. Its permanent nature determines the tattoo as an act of consumption that is dualistic in nature; both accepted, and yet equally rejected, which is seen within the consumers‘ negotiation of its use, in terms of mimicry and placement. Being tattooed represents a form of consumption that contravenes certain rules and norms of society, and yet at the same time is the basis for community membership and adherence to a set of sub-cultural norms and values.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-81). / ix, 81 leaves, bound 29 cm